2021

Geography ..

Haitham Ghayat

[ADDITIONAL & E.S

QUESTIONS_CH.1]
Cambridge – O level
1 :-How has the world’s total human population changed in the last 50 years?
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2) Some researchers believe that the total world population will start falling after 2183. Why is this
difficult to forecast?
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3 ) How is the natural increase (or decrease) of population calculated?

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4 ) How and why did the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions change the world’s total
population?
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5) List three economic reasons why some countries have high birth rates.
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6) List three different reasons why death rates have fallen.

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7) Why do you think that countries in the Middle East have lower death rates than countries in
Europe and North America?
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8) How is net migration calculated?

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9) What is calculated by adding net migration to the natural increase of a population?

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10) What term is used for a person who leaves an area to move to another area?
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11) How did Botswana’s death rate change:

i between 1981 and 1991?
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ii between 1991 and 2001?
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iii between 2001 and 2011?
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12) Give a reason for the change:
i between 1991 and 2001
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ii between 2001 and 2011.

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13) What is the correct definition of over-population?

i Many people living in a small area.
ii A population that is growing very rapidly.
iii A population that is too large for the area’s resources to sustain it.
iv Many migrants moving into an area with a large population.

14) Name an example of an under-populated country.

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15) What do many under-populated countries do to try to solve the problems caused by
under-population?
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16)Name a country that is densely populated over most of its land area, and also over-populated.
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17) Explain why the country is over-populated.

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18)Which country has been the most effective in controlling its population growth?
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19) Why has the country you named in (a) been so successful in controlling its population growth?
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20 )What major population problem does Japan have?

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21) State three problems facing Japan’s economically active population.
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22) List three ways in which the Japanese government has tried to increase the workforce
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23) What group of people emigrated temporarily from Syria before and where was their destination?
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24) What is an economic migrant?

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25) What name is given to describe an enforced movement of people?

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26) What is the correct definition of urbanisation?

i The movement of people from the rural areas to live in towns and cities.
ii The movement of people from smaller towns to live in bigger towns and cities.
iii The increasing proportion of a country’s population that lives in towns and cities.
iv The increase of population in a city or town

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27) Rural-to-urban migration also occurs in many countries. Suggest reasons why ?
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28) Complete the sentences to describe the changes that would occur in the shape of a country’s
age–sex pyramid if it developed from Stage 1 to Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model.
i The base would ...
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ii The height would ...

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iii The proportion of people aged over 65 would ...

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29) Draw the overall shape of a population pyramid of a country in:

a)Stage 1

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 b) Stage 3

c) Stage 5

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 Important definitions

Term ( Word ) definition

Birth Rate
Death Rate
Population explosion
MEDCs
LEDCs
Life expectancy
The fertility rate
Over Population
Under Population
Migration
Internal Migration
International Migration
Forced Migration
Voluntary Migration
Emigrant
Immigrant
Push Factor
Pull Factor

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 1.1 Population Dynamics

(a) Give the ten-year period which had the greatest annual population increase and estimate the
annual increase during that period. [2]
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(b) Give the approximate actual total population of the world in the middle of the decade you have
chosen for your answer to (i). [1]
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(c) Describe the trends in average annual population increase per decade shown on the graph. [3]
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(d) Calculate the expected growth in the total population of the world from 1980 to 2050. [1]
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(e) Suggest one reason why the total world population is expected to continue to increase to 2050
while the annual average increase in population is reducing. [1]
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[Total: 8]

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 1.2 Migration

(a) Describe the locations of the three areas in which more than 200 000 migrants living in the UK
in March 2009 were born. [3]
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(b) Suggest reasons why so many migrated from the countries in which more than 100 000
migrants living in the UK were born. [5]
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(c) For an international migration you have studied, name the country and countries of origin of its
migrants and assess the extent to which the impacts of the immigration were positive [7]
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[Total: 25]

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 2-

(a) Give the number of immigrants to the UK in 2008. [1]

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(b) Using data from Fig. 1.3, explain net migration. [2]
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(c) Describe the trend in net migration between 1991 and 2016 in the UK. [3]
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(d) Suggest the impacts the migration shown in Fig. 1.3 will be likely to have on the UK in the future.
[4]
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[Total: 10]

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