YABA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, YABA ,LAGOS

SCHOOL OF LIBERAL STUDIES

DEPARTMENTOF MASS COMMUNICATION

HND 1

INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND WORD PRESS

FIAH DIVINER YAYA F/HD/20/3910009

CHUKWU CHIOMA F/HD/20/3910045

Lecturer-in-charge

Dr. CHARLES ONI

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF

GLOBALIZATION TO

COMMUNICATION

28TH February, 2022

INTRODUCTON

What is globalizations?

Globalization can be seen as a situation in which parts of the world, even those distant
from each other, are interlinked and influence each other, the effect of which is to
produce a change in the structure of the economy, various cultures and societies of the
world. It has been a feature of the last half-century. The developing digital landscape and
its omnipresence has undoubtedly facilitated the movement and distribution of
information on a worldwide scale. Education, too, has been shaped by globalization, with
the models to which educational institutions adhere becoming more similar, the
assessment of educational competence being a transnational matter and the widespread
adoption of standardized student performance outcome measures (e.g. PISA-OECD).
These are just some amongst many examples, which could be offered (Cornalia &
Tirocchib, 2012, p.2060-2069).

Globalization, is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and

governments worldwide. Globalization has accelerated since the 18th century due to
advances in transportation and communication technology. This increase in global
interactions has caused a growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas, beliefs,
and culture. Globalization is primarily an economic process of interaction and integration
that is associated with social and cultural aspects.

Globalization also means that countries liberalize their visa rules and procedures so as to
permit the free flow of people from country to country. Moreover, globalization results in
freeing up the unproductive sectors to investment and the productive sectors to export
related activities resulting in a win-win situation for the economies of the world.

Scholte (Scholte, 1997, p.427-452) mentions three ways to envisage what globalization
actually means. First, we can see it as meaning increased interactions on national borders,
in other words, globalization and internationalization are identical. The frequency of
movement of goods, individuals, money, messages and intellectual content is greater. A
second conception invokes the notion of reduced impediments to mass trade, travel,
communicative and financial interactions. In the first case, globalization is the mover of
change; in the second it is a result of the other changes. Before globalization, societal
relationships are seen as intimately related to particular locales, but after globalization,
transnational social phenomena can shrink the differences imposed by geography.

The role of the media and of technology in engendering these changes in a wider sense
has been the object of study of several scholars working on mass media and in the
sociological field. Here, faced with the vast literature on the problem, we can only
highlight a portion of those theories which stand out as most worthy of discussion. In a
nutshell, the media have participated in at least two phases in the realization of
globalization. The first phase depended on the arrival of television and other electronic
media.

The second phase grew from the development of telematics networks and the Internet -
the beginnings of an era of digitalized media. Viewed as a phenomenon involving
communication, globalization as a can be seen to date from Marshall McLuhan’s seminal
work describing the Global Village, one in which highly evolved media communication,
and in particular the deployment of orbiting satellite transmitters, have led to
instantaneous communication even at a vast distance and this has given the whole world
the characteristics more traditionally associated with a village. The Earth has become a
single worldwide community (McLuhan, 1964)

The expression, “global village” dates from the sixties and was invented by Marshall
Mcluhan (who spearheaded much of the research into media) to discuss how electronic
media affected society. Nowadays, the interpretation of globalization is a polarized issue,
with multiple viewpoints stemming from different theoretical orientations. However, the
common themes within each view of globalization are of a movement towards greater
closeness between nations on an economic, societal and political level and a view by
nations of themselves not simply as a sovereign nation but as working within a world
framework (Mo-hammadi, 1997).

Though many scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others

trace its history to long before the European Age of Discovery and voyages to
the New World, and some even to the third millennium BCE Large-scale
globalization began in the 1820s, and in the late 19th century and early 20th
century drove a rapid expansion in the connectivity of the world's economies and
cultures

Although many people think globalization is a twentieth century thing but the
process has been happening for millennia Examples are

*The Roman Empire; they spread their economic and governing systems through
significant portions of the world .it is dated 600B.C

*Silk Road trade: These trade routes dated 130B.C to 1453A.D represented another
wave of globalization. They brought merchants goods and travelers from China
through central Asia and the Middle East to Europe

*Pre-World War1;European countries made significant investments overseas in the

decades before World war .The period from 1870 to 1914 is called the golden age
of globalization

*Post-World war2;The United States created organization such as the

UN,IMF,WORLD BANK and WORLD TRADE in order to create a global
economic system

Globalization makes international communication and business management easier and

efficient for the world trade. We can expand business relations to all corners of the world.
Globalization connects business s and customers across the world. Companies open
satellite offices to decrease production costs, forge relationships in new territories and
access new consumer markets. The importance of communication in globalization is
paramount because individuals from different countries, ethnicities, languages, cultural
attitudes and other variations must understand one another and express themselves to
another effectively in order to work together.The ability to communicate with people
both inside and outside your organisation is a key characteristic of successful business
builders in the world trade. Connecting with people on the other side of the world is now
much easier than it was a few years ago. Satellites, fiber-optic cables and the internet
make it effortless to share information with those in different time zones and locations.
Global communication is directly affected by the process of globalization, and helps to
increase business opportunities.

The global village is created when distance and isolation no longer matter because
people are connected by technology. Wide-spread telephone and internet access have
been life-changing for many people across the world, especially those in developing
countries. Many are now enrolling in universities across the world without having to
leave their desk chair. Virtual assistant jobs are becoming commonplace, where
employees from developing countries work with companies in North America or
Europe, providing administrative support and other business services that can easily be
conducted over the phone or via the internet.

Communication of countries with each other was very difficult due to geographic
reasons. globalization, even those distant from each other, are interlinked and influence
each other, the effect of which is to produce a change in the structure of the economy,
various cultures and societies of the world. Technologies used to communicate and its
effects have been felt across the planet. In a nutshell, communicating globally means
sending and receiving information all around the Earth. From a different perspective,
globalization merely implies the coalescence of different societies in matters of culture,
politics, ethics, ideas and other areas fundamental to human societies.
What is globalizations?

Globalization can be seen as a situation in which parts of the world, even those distant
from each other, are interlinked and influence each other, the effect of which is to
produce a change in the structure of the economy, various cultures and societies of the
world. It has been a feature of the last half-century. The developing digital landscape and
its omnipresence has undoubtedly facilitated the movement and distribution of
information on a worldwide scale. Education, too, has been shaped by globalization, with
the models to which educational institutions adhere becoming more similar, the
assessment of educational competence being a transnational matter and the widespread
adoption of standardized student performance outcome measures (e.g. PISA-OECD).
These are just some amongst many examples, which could be offered (Cornalia &
Tirocchib, 2012, p.2060-2069).

Scholte (Scholte, 1997, p.427-452) mentions three ways to envisage what globalization
actually means. First, we can see it as meaning increased interactions on national borders,
in other words, globalization and internationalization are identical. The frequency of
movement of goods, individuals, money, messages and intellectual content is greater. A
second conception invokes the notion of reduced impediments to mass trade, travel,
communicative and financial interactions. In the first case, globalization is the mover of
change; in the second it is a result of the other changes. Before globalization, societal
relationships are seen as intimately related to particular locales, but after globalization,
transnational social phenomena can shrink the differences imposed by geography.

The role of the media and of technology in engendering these changes in a wider sense
has been the object of study of several scholars working on mass media and in the
sociological field. Here, faced with the vast literature on the problem, we can only
highlight a portion of those theories which stand out as most worthy of discussion. In a
nutshell, the media have participated in at least two phases in the realization of
globalization. The first phase depended on the arrival of television and other electronic
media.

The second phase grew from the development of telematics networks and the Internet -
the beginnings of an era of digitalized media. Viewed as a phenomenon involving
communication, globalization as a can be seen to date from Marshall McLuhan’s seminal
work describing the Global Village, one in which highly evolved media communication,
and in particular the deployment of orbiting satellite transmitters, have led to
instantaneous communication even at a vast distance and this has given the whole world
the characteristics more traditionally associated with a village. The Earth has become a
single worldwide community (McLuhan, 1964)

The expression, “global village” dates from the sixties and was invented by Marshall
Mcluhan (who spearheaded much of the research into media) to discuss how electronic
media affected society. Nowadays, the interpretation of globalization is a polarized issue,
with multiple viewpoints stemming from different theoretical orientations. However, the
common themes within each view of globalization are of a movement towards greater
closeness between nations on an economic, societal and political level and a view by
nations of themselves not simply as a sovereign nation but as working within a world
framework (Mo-hammadi, 1997).

Globalization and Communication

Globalization has brought in its wake a profound change in the technologies used to
communicate and its effects have been felt across the planet. In a nutshell,
communicating globally means sending and receiving information all over the Earth, a
process which has been underway for hundreds of years (Lubbers & Koorevaar, 2000,
p.7-24). Ekeanyanwu (Ekeanyanwu, 2005) observed how communicating worldwide
entails collecting, spreading and examining analytically the news and knowledge
produced across the whole globe. Technological progress has gone hand in hand with
simpler, quicker, clearer and more effective communications. (Lubbers & Koorevaar,
2000, p.7-24) A synergy is observed between communication and technological
development, such that new inventions, such as the Internet, which are constantly
emerging and, indeed, often converging, too, lead to entirely new ways for people to
interact (Nelson, 2010, p.1-7).

Thus, although the way we envisage globalization may differ, one vital point in common
to many accounts is that enlarged communications are behind many of the changes of a
social nature occurring between nations. (Greig, 2002, p.225- 243) The abundant
technologies (fax, telephones, civil aviation, television and the Internet) have added to the
ways in which individuals can communicate both at a local and cross-cultural level.
(Greig, 2002, p.225- 243; Holton,2000, p.140-152)

Contribution of Globalisation to communication

As technology advances, the world is both getting larger and smaller. Today we are able
to communicate with people across the globe at the touch of a button. While
globalization, or communication between nations beyond their borders, is an old concept,
with the onset of new technology globalization is impacting the ways we communicate
and learn in fascinating ways. We are expanding our understanding of fellowship and as
we become more connected, we are deepening our educational experiences. The rise in
the use of the internet in particular has been incredibly instrumental in improving the
ways in which we connect with one another.

Because of technologies like the internet, we have the opportunity to view diverse
perspectives that were outside of our scope before. We are able to fully connect with
someone who is thousands of miles away in real time and the effects are profound. Take
two children taking an online math course together; a child from Texas and a child from
Japan for example. These two students are able to share not only the content of the math
class but their cultural perspectives as well. This additional component is no small detail.
That kind of exchange opens up your sense of what parts of the world are accessible to
you, which in turn lays the foundation for an evolved worldview.

Another wonderful benefit of globalization is that the world becomes more accessible and
equitable in general. Search engines, Ebooks, online courses and other virtual education
give more people the ability to learn about subjects that used to require a certain level of
income or social positioning. Information isn’t as restricted and it allows us the
opportunity not only to receive information but to enter into academic spaces and
contribute. Globalization creates a space for ideas to transcend borders and social strata.

When you combine the access to new perspectives with access to previously highly
safeguarded materials, what you get is the opportunity to create brand new worlds. When
you can see the world through new eyes, you have the opportunity to innovate and really
develop new educational opportunities, rethink how and why we communicate and create
new systems to do both. We are able to create a more equitable world when we are all
able to come to the proverbial table and share ideas.
REFERENCES

Cornalia, F. & Tirocchib, S. (2012). Globalization, Education, Information and

Communication Technologies: What Relationships and Reciprocal Influences? Procedia-
Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 2060-2069.

Ekeanyanwu, N. (2005).International Communication: Issues, Concept and Researches in

the 21st Century. Akure: standard mass concept company.

Greig, M. (2002). The End of Geography: Globalization, Communication & Culture in

the International System. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 46(2), 225- 243.

Holton, R. (2000). Globalization‘s Cultural Consequences. Annals of the American

Academy of Political and Social Science, 570, 140-152. 94 The Globalization of
Communication

Lubbers, M. & Koorevaar, J. (2000). Primary Globalization, Secondary Globalization,

and the Sustainable Development Paradigm-Opposing Forces in the 21st century. In
OECD (Ed.), The Creative Society of the 21st Century (s. 7-24). France: OECD.

McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York:

McGraw Hill.

McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory (6th edition). London:

Sage.

Mohammadi, A. (1997). International Communication and Globalization. United

Kingdom: Sage

Nelson, O. (2010). Globalization, Africa and the Question of Imperialism. Journal of

Global Communication, 3, 1-7.
Scholte, J. (1997). Global Capitalism & the State. International Affairs, 73, 427-452.