BIO1401 Sp23 – Lecture 1 Homework

1) Which of the following statements about cells is correct?

A) Single cells cannot exist independently.
B) Cells are limited in size, which is between 200 to 500 micrometers in diameter.
C) Some cells are non-living in nature.
D) Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms are made up of cells.

2) A cell lacking which of the following structures is most likely to be a prokaryote?

A) Nuclear membrane
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleic acid

3) Which of the following types of cells use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do
not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaean
D) fungi

4) Which statement about ecological organization is correct?

A) An organism is part of a community.
B) A community is part of a population.
C) An ecosystem is made up of organisms only

5) Which of the following is the correct order of organization of genetic material from smallest to largest?
A) gene, nucleotide, chromosome, genome
B) chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene
C) genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
D) nucleotide, gene, chromosome, genome

6) As letters are to English language, ________ is/are to genetic information.

A) proteins
B) nucleotides
C) DNA double helix
D) carbohydrates

7) Which of the following statements about genetic information is correct?

A) mRNA is the only type of RNA found in a eukaryotic cell
B) All forms of life employ the same genetic code
C) A typical human liver cell has one set of chromosomes
D) DNA is not found in prokaryotic cells

8) Two organisms are ________ if they share more classification levels.

A) closer together in the biosphere they live
B) further apart in the food chain
C) easier to tell apart
D) more similar in characteristics

9) Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
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A) informatics
B) taxonomy
C) genomics
D) evolution

10) An individual is suffering from a streptococcus infection in their throat. Which of the following do the
individual and the streptococcus bacteria have in common?
A) They both belong to the same domain.
B) They both are made up of cells.
C) They both have genetic material in their nucleus.
D) The individual and Streptococcus have nothing in common.

11) Which of the following is an example of genetic variation?

A) Two brothers who are twins
B) One sibling is vegan, the other eats meat
C) One sibling has brown eyes, the other has green
D) One of the twins has a scar the other does not

12) Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While
studying these creatures, researchers noticed that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate
and father more offspring. Which of the following research questions would best test the hypothesis that
having longer hair is adaptive in these males?
A) test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
B) look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
C) determine if hair length is heritable
D) test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate

13) Following a scientific method, which of the following is the correct order of steps?
A) Observation → Analysis → Hypothesis → Conclusion → Communicate results → Experiment
B) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Communicate results → Analysis → Conclusion
C) Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results
D) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results

14) Use the information in the graph to answer the following question.

The data can best be used to address which of the following questions?
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A) What is the impact of plowing soil on the number of earthworms?
B) Does season has an impact on the size of the earthworms?
C) Does plowing have an impact on the size of the earthworms?
D) What is the impact of plowing on the speed of growth of the earthworms?

15) Use the information in the graph to answer the following question.

Which of the following claims is best supported using the graph?

A) Plowing has no effect on the number of earthworms in the soil.
B) More earthworms are found in the soil in spring than in fall.
C) Plowed soil contains more earthworms than unplowed soil.
D) Unplowed soil contains more earthworms than plowed soil.

16) Use the information in the graph to answer the following questions.

Based on the bar graph, which season, year, and soil condition were the worst for cultivating
earthworms?
A) spring 2017, unplowed soil
B) fall 2018, unplowed soil
C) spring 2017, plowed soil
D) fall 2018, plowed soil

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17) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) Theories are proposed to test scientific hypotheses.
B) Theories are usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address more
specific issues.
C) Hypotheses are usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; theories typically address more
specific issues.
D) Confirmed theories become scientific laws; hypotheses become theories.

18) Agrobacterium infects plants and causes them to form tumors. You are asked to determine how long a
plant must be exposed to these bacteria to become infected. Which of the following experiments will
provide the best data to address that question?
A) Determine the survival rate of Agrobacterium when exposed to different concentrations of an antibiotic.
B) Measure the number of tumors formed on a plant when exposed to various concentrations of Agrobacterium.
C) Measure the concentration of Agrobacterium in different soil environments where the plants grow.
D) Measure the number of tumors formed on plants, which are exposed to Agrobacterium for different lengths
of time.

19) Agrobacterium infects plants and causes them to form tumors. Tumor formation requires a large
amount of the plant's energy for tissue formation. What could be the possible impact of tumor formation
on plant reproduction? And why?
A) The number of offspring should increase because in general, illness increases the reproductive output of
organisms.
B) The number of offspring should increase because the bacteria will provide energy for the plant.
C) The number of offspring should decrease because the plant will divert energy from reproduction to tumor
formation.
D) There should be no effect of infection on offspring production because energy for reproduction is
independent of infection.

20) Use the following information when answering the following question.
In 1668, Francesco Redi performed a series of experiments on spontaneous generation. He began by
putting similar pieces of meat into eight identical jars. Four jars were left open to the air, and four were
sealed. He then did the same experiment with one variation: Instead of sealing four of the jars
completely, he covered them with gauze (the gauze excluded the flies while allowing the meat to be
exposed to air). In both experiments, he monitored the jars and recorded whether or not maggots (young
flies) appeared in the meat.
What hypothesis was being tested in the initial experiment with open versus sealed jars?
A) Spontaneous generation is more likely during the long days of summer.
B) The type of meat used affects the likelihood of spontaneous generation.
C) Maggots do not arise spontaneously, but from eggs laid by adult flies.
D) Spontaneous generation can occur only if meat is exposed to air.

21) Use the following information when answering the following question.
In 1668, Francesco Redi performed a series of experiments on spontaneous generation. He began by
putting similar pieces of meat into eight identical jars. Four jars were left open to the air, and four were
sealed. He then did the same experiment with one variation: Instead of sealing four of the jars
completely, he covered them with gauze (the gauze excluded the flies while allowing the meat to be
exposed to air). In both experiments, he monitored the jars and recorded whether or not maggots (young
flies) appeared in the meat.
In both experiments, flies appeared in all of the open jars and only in the open jars. Which one of the
following statements is correct?
A) The experiment was inconclusive because Redi used only one kind of meat.
B) The experiment was inconclusive because it did not run long enough.
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C) The experiment supports the hypothesis that spontaneous generation occurs in rotting meat.
D) The experiment supports the hypothesis that maggots arise only from eggs laid by adult flies.

22) Which of the following instructions contribute to a productive experimental design?

A) include a small sample size
B) do not include a control, it is a waste of resources.
C) alter only one condition between the control and the experimental condition
D) do not run the experiment more than once, the results might become confusing

23) Which of the following best describes a controlled experiment?

A) An experiment repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate
B) An experiment includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment
C) An experiment that includes at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables
D) An experiment that includes one group for which the scientist controls all variables

24) Which of the following best describes a model organism?

A) It is often pictured in textbooks and is easy for students to imagine.
B) It is well studied, it is easy to propagate, and results are widely applicable.
C) It is small, inexpensive to raise, and lives a long time.
D) It has been chosen for study by early biologists.

25) Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, from different
subdisciplines, and representing diverse cultures?
A) Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking.
B) Scientists can coordinate with others to conduct experiments in similar ways.
C) This is a way of ensuring that everyone gets the same results.
D) Scientific theory requires input from different cultures and communities.

26) All the organisms on your campus make up ________.

A) an ecosystem
B) a community
C) a population
D) a taxonomic domain

27) Systems biology is mainly an attempt to ________.

A) analyze genomes from different species
B) simplify complex problems by reducing the system into smaller, less complex units
C) understand the behavior of entire biological systems by studying interactions among its component parts
D) build high-throughput machines to rapidly acquire data

28) A controlled experiment is one that ________.

A) proceeds slowly so a scientist can make careful records
B) tests experimental and control groups in parallel
C) is repeated many times to make sure the results are accurate
D) keeps all variables constant

29) Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

A) The fish swam in a zigzag motion.
B) The contents of the stomach are mixed every 20 seconds.
C) The temperature decreased from 20C to 15C.
D) The six pairs of robins hatched an average of three chicks each.

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30) Which sentence best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?
A) If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
B) If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis.
C) If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis.
D) If my prediction turns out to be correct, my hypothesis is supported.

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