Reg No 1 9 1 E C 1 36

Name Pendela Neelesh

Department of Mechanical Engineering

National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, Mangalore-575025
Online Assignment Test, May 2020

B. Tech. II Semester (Section S7 to S12)

ME 110- ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (2-0-0, 2)

Last date of Submission: 30th May 2020 Maximum Marks: 100

Note: (i) Answer all the questions. Assume any missing data and mention assumptions clearly.
(ii) Write your answers in the space provided below with respect to each question. Do not
exceed space.
(iii) If anyone not having laptop or computer like facilities to write their answers please write
the Name, Section, Roll no, and start the work in a blank sheet. Take the scan of that sheets
(create pdf) and submit in Moodle. Keep your file name as your Roll no.
(iv) Use your logics, reading materials, notes, videos, internet sources to write the answers.
(v) Don’t copy anyone answer. Every unique answer has special marks.

1 What are the best ways to keep you and your family member healthy during this COVID-19 crisis?
.
(a) Stay safe at home and maintaining social distancing.
(b) Using proper safety measures while going outside (like sanitizing hand, wearing masks, and de-
sanitizing your wearing staff after reaching your destination).
(c) Taking a healthy diet and maintain good immunity.
(d) Doing meditation, yoga and pranayama.
(e) Utilizing your time with reading books, crafts, cooking, helping family members, etc.
(f) Help poor and needy people around you.
(g) Help animals to feed some food around you.
(h) Follow the government norms strictly and ask others to follow.
1
(i) All of the above.
Answer (i)

2 A) For the bar shown in Figure 1, calculate the reaction produced by the lower support on the bar, take E= 200
. GN/m^2. Find the stresses in the bars.
 Figure 1

Answer:

R1= Reaction force at the top;

R2=Reaction force at the bottom;

When the rod touches the ground: R1+R2=55KN;

For the rod LM force=R1=55000-R2(tensile);

For the rod MN force =R2(Compressive);

Let Δ1 be the extension in rod LM, Δ2 be the compression in rod MN;

( 55000−R 2 ) ×1 ⋅ 2
Δ 1=
110× 10−6 ×200 ×10+ 9

R 2 ×2.4
Δ 2= −6 9
220× 10 ×200 ×10

Δ1-Δ2=12/10000;

[(55000 – R2) × 1.2]/ [(110 × 10-6) × 200 × 109] – [R2 × 2.4]/ [(220 × 10-6) × 200 × 109] = 12/10000

On solving we get

R2=16.5KN;

R1=55KN-16.KN=38.5KN;

Stress in LM

38.5 X 103/110 X 10-6 = 350 MN/m2

Stress in MN

16.5 X 103/220 X 10-6 = 75 MN/m2

3 Assume a room/apartment of 4 × 4 × 4 (all dimensions in meter) located near seashore (approx. distance 500
. meters away). Explain in detail the mechanism of electrifying the room using one of the sources of renewabl
energy.
 Answer:

Given that the room is present near the sea, there are many ways to get renewable energy near the sea

1. Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)

2. Wave power
3. Tidal Turbines
4. Ocean current turbines
5. Wind Turbines
The most popular way of getting energy from the ocean is Ocean thermal energy conversion which
is commonly referred to as OTEC. So here I am discussing about OTEC.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: In this method the temperature gradient between the surfac
of the ocean and the deep layers of ocean is used to generate the energy. At the surface of the sea th
temperature is about 25o-30oC and at 200-500 meters below the temperature is about 5 0C. We ca
get a temperature gradient of nearly 20oC, which is enough to produce energy to the areas near th
seashore. This temperature gradient is used to produce high-pressure vapors which help to run th
turbines and generate electricity. A refrigerant having a low boiling point is used in the process o
producing the high-pressure vapors. There are many refrigerants available in the market to produc
high-pressure vapors, but the most commonly used liquid is a mixture of ammonia an
freons(NH3+freons)

As shown in the figure the evaporator contains the liquid, which has a low boiling point. Th
refrigerant gets evaporated in the evaporator and this high-pressure steam is sent into the turbine
where the electricity is produced. Now the vapor is sent into the condenser which is deep in the sea
Here the vapors are again turned into liquid and are reused to generate the electricity.
There are advantages and disadvantages of this process
Advantages:
1. Since there is no wastage of any fuel this process is used to produce continuous electricity.
2. Not only for electricity production this process also helps in Mariculture.
Disadvantages:

1. The thermal efficiency of the cycle is low because the temperature gradient is not much high
2. The initial cost of the setup is quite high since there are many equipment to set up the plant.
4.Suppose a raw solid aluminum workpiece of diameter 20 mm and length 100 mm is provided to you. The
technician instructed you to produce a product from the workpiece in a lathe machine. The product to be
produced in such a manner that its length should be 80 mm, diameter could be reduced to 10 mm up to 40 mm
length and there should be a blind hole of diameter 4 mm along its cross-section up to 10 mm length. Draw the
lathe machine neatly and label its components with a brief description of each. Describe the various processes
to be carried out to make the final product in step-by-step using the lathe machine. 33

Answer :

Here I described about the parts used in the process of making the desired product.

1. Headstock

On the left side of the tube, it is visible. It includes the gear train, main spindle, chuck, helix, and feed
controllers. It has the tailstock balanced. Cast iron is the headstock.

(i) Chuck

The workpiece is protected by the section of the reinforcing unit. It is attached to the headstock’s
central spindle. The spindle rotates and the workpiece often rotates. We use three-jaw or four-jaw
inspections normally in the unit. The three-jaw is moved together, but the four jaw teeth shift
individually. The three teeth are pushed.

(ii) Main Spindle

The cylindrical work is found in this section of the lathe unit. The chuck is placed on a hollow pipe.

(iii) Feed Selector

It is used to pick whether to switch the tool from left to right or left to the direction of the feed. The
headstock feed selector is open.

2. Tailstock

It’s on the opposite side of the torch. It is used to provide the workpiece with assistance. The workpiece
is supported from one end i.e. from the right.

3. Bed

It’s the most powerful aspect of the day. The pad is bolted to all parts of the lathe. It contains a
headstock, a rear bar, guides and other elements. The cast iron is made.

4. Carriage

The carriage is present in between the headstock and tailstock. It carries apron, saddle, compound rest,
cross slide and tool post.

(i) Tool Post: It is used to hold the tool. It has T-slot for holding the tool. The tool post is bolted on the
carriage.
(ii) Compound Rest: It is used to set the tool at the desired angle for taper turning and other
operations.
(iii) Cross Slide: The cross slide is used to move the tool perpendicular to the axis of the lathe.
(iv) Saddle: The top portion of the carriage is called the saddle. Cross slide is mounted on the saddle.
(v) Apron: The front portion of the carriage is called apron. It contains all the moving and control
mechanism of the carriage.
5. Lead Screw

The lead screw is used to move the carriage automatically during threading.

6. Feed Rod

It is used to move the carriage from left to right and vice versa.

7. Chip Pan

Chip pan is used to collect the chips that are produced during the lathe operation. It is present at the
bottom of the lathe.