Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Enterprise Resource Planning using SAP

Hariharan A.G1, Adithya R2, Subha Madhav M.S3, Mrs. P. Revathi4, DR.B. Monica Jenefer5
1,2,3
Student, 4Assistant Professor, 5Associate Professor, (HOD)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Meenakshi Sundararajan Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract:- SAP was established in Walldorf, Germany,  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): ERP (Enterprise
in 1972. It stands for Data Processing Systems, Resource Planning) is a type of software that helps
Applications, and Products. It has expanded and businesses manage and integrate various aspects of their
changed over time to become the top provider of operations, such as finance, human resources,
client/server business solutions, for which it is now procurement, inventory, and sales.
renowned. The main benefit of using SAP as your  High performance Analytic Appliance (HANA):
company's ERP system is that it has a very high level of HANA (High-Performance Analytic Appliance) is an in-
application integration, ensuring data consistency memory database and application platform developed by
throughout the system and the company as a whole. SAP. It is designed to process large amounts of data in
Table drive customization software is called SAP. With a real-time and enable businesses to make informed
shared set of programmes, it enables businesses to decisions based on up-to-date information.
quickly alter their business requirements.  Advanced Business Application programming
(ABAP): ABAP (Advanced Business Application
Keywords:- SAP, ERP, HANA, ABAP, CRM. Programming) is a high-level programming language
developed by SAP for the development of custom
I. INTRODUCTION
business applications and extensions within the SAP
ERP (Enterprise Resource and Planning) solutions and environment.
services are offered by SAP, a market leader. Regardless of  Customer Relationship Management (CRM): CRM
their size and power, organizations from various industrial (Customer Relationship Management) is a software
sectors can use the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system used to manage interactions with customers and
software. Almost every functional area of a business prospects throughout the customer lifecycle. It involves
process, including the purchase of goods and services, sale the use of data and technology to streamline and automate
and distribution, finance, accounting, human resources, customer-facing processes, such as sales, marketing, and
manufacturing, production planning, logistics, and customer support.
warehouse management, is supported and integrated by the
ERP package. IV. EXISTING SYSTEM WITH DRAWBACKS

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT  Lack of integration: Existing systems were often siloed,
meaning that different departments within an organization
The main goal of the portal development is to help one used different software systems that didn't communicate
become a full-stack techno functional consultant and to help with each other. This lack of integration made it difficult
them gain business level understanding of the SAP core toshare information and collaborate effectively.
functional modules. It can be design as SAP ERP Portal for  Manual processes: Many existing systems relied on
a specific organization which is usually a user-friendly manual processes, such as paper-based forms and manual
portal. SAP Portal which needs to be developed for data entry. These processes were time-consuming and
following verticals, As the front-end portal application prone to errors, which could result in inaccurate data and
system will be the data center for Angular and SCP app. delayed decision-making.
 Limited functionality: Existing systems often had
The verticals are to be developed as follows limited functionality, which meant that organizations had
 Customer Portal (Angular App) to use multiple systems to manage different aspects of
 Vendor Portal (Angular App) their operations. This added complexity and made it
 Employee Portal (Angular App) harder to get a complete picture of the organization's
performance.
III. GENERAL TERMS  High maintenance costs: Maintaining existing systems
could be expensive, as organizations had to pay for
 Systems Applications and Products (SAP): SAP
hardware, software licenses, and IT staff to manage and
(Systems, Applications and Products) is a German
maintain the systems.
multinational software corporation that specializes in
 Limited scalability: Existing systems often had limited
enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. SAP's ERP
scalability, meaning that they were designed to handle a
software helps businesses manage various aspects of their
specific number of users or transactions. This made it
operations, including finance, sales, procurement,
difficult for organizations to grow and expand their
logistics, and human resources.
operationswithout investing in new systems.

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Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Overall, these drawbacks made it difficult for
organizations to manage their operations efficiently and
effectively. SAP was designed to address these issues by
providing a comprehensive, integrated system that could
handle all aspects of an organization's operations.

V. ARCHITECTURE

 Presentation Layer: This layer provides a user interface

for accessing and interacting with the SAP system. It
includes components such as the SAP GUI (Graphical
User Interface) and web-based interfaces.
 Application Layer: This layer provides the core
functionality of the SAP system, including business logic
and process management. It includes components such as
the Application Server (AS) and the Business Application Fig. 3: Employee Portal Architecture
Programming Interface (BAPI).
 Database Layer: This layer provides the storage and VI. PROPOSED SOLUTION
retrieval of data used by the SAP system. It includes
components such as the SAP HANA database and the Implementing ERP using SAP typically involves
MaxDB database. several stages. The first stage is to define the scope of the
implementation, which involves identifying the business
 Integration Layer: This layer provides the ability to
processes that will be supported by the system. The next
integrate the SAP system with other systems and
stage is to configure the system to meet the specific needs of
applications. It includes components such as the SAP
the organization, which involves setting up the master data,
NetWeaver Process Integration (PI) and the SAP Cloud
organizational structures, and other system settings. Once
Platform Integration (CPI).
the system is configured, the next stage is to perform data
 Infrastructure Layer: This layer provides the underlying
migration, which involves transferring data from the legacy
infrastructure for the SAP system, including hardware,
systems to SAP. After the data is migrated, the system is
operating systems, and network infrastructure.
tested to ensure that it is functioning as expected. Finally,
the system is rolled out to the organization, which involves
training users and providing ongoing support to ensure that
the system is being used effectively. Throughout the
implementation process, it is important to have a project
team in place to manage the implementation and ensure that
the project stays on track and within budget.

 Integration
 Data consistency
 Standardized processes
 Open architecture
 API integration
 Real-time data

Fig. 1: Customer Portal Architecture  Automation

 Workflow automation
 Batch processing
 Reporting automation
 Integration with other systems
 Artificial intelligence (AI)

 Real-time information
 Real-time analytics
 In-memory computing
 Mobile access

 Scalability and Flexibility

 Modular design
Fig. 2: Vender Portal Architecture
 Customization
 Cloud-based deployment
 Integration with other systems
 Upgrades and updates

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Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
VII. TECHNOLOGY STACK VIII. HOW MODULES WORKS

A. Customer Portal:
 Objective of development:
The objective of the customer portal is to understand
the functionalities of Sales and Distribution (SD) and
Finance (FI) module. This portal is to be designed for
maintaining the data of all the customers carrying out
business with the organization. The need of Customer portal
is to access and view the complete transaction between the
company and customer.

B. Front-end:

 Customer Login:
Customer login page needs to be designed to login with
the user-ID as Customer-ID and the Password. While
authenticating, the presence of the Customer-ID in the
standard table has to be checked, post which both the
Customer-ID and the password must be verified in the
custom table (Z-table). The Customer-ID will reach SAP
ERP system via RFC Webservice. Once the Customer-ID
Fig. 4: Front End. and Password is validated in the SAP ERP system the
response will be sent back to portal with the validation
result. Once the validation is successful, the Customer will
be allowed to access to their respective Dashboard.

 Customer Profile View:

Customer profile page needs to be designed to display
the customer information. When the customer requests to
view his information, a web-service call will be initiated
from the portal and collects all the master data from the SAP
system via RFC webservices call. The collected customer
information will be displayed.

 Customer Dashboard:
The customer dashboard needs to be designed and
developed to have the end-to-end transactions between
logon customer and the company. This page needs to be
developed to have complete sales data belonging to that
customer, Such as
 Inquiry data
 Sale order data
 List of Delivery

 Customer Financial Sheet:

Fig. 5: Middleware The customer financial sheet need to have a complete
financial transaction between the customer and the
company. This page needs to be developed to have complete
financial data belonging to that customer, Such as
 Invoice details
 Payments and aging
 Credit/Debit memo
 Overall sales data

C. Middleware:

 RFC Web service:

SAP RFC Web service is used as middleware to
Fig. 6: Backend
integrate the SAP ERP Portal with the SAP Database. A
webservice connection is to be made via the RFC function
module s. The adapters provide the end-to-end
communication between the application and database.

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Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Back-end:  Back-end:
The complete back-end have to be implemented using The complete back-end have to be implemented using
SAP ECC/S4 Systems via ABAP (Advanced Business SAP ECC/S4 Systems via ABAP (Advanced Business
Application Programming). All the ABAP programs are to Application Programming). All the ABAP programs are to
be saved in packages with the corresponding TR (Transport be saved in packages with the corresponding TR (Transport
Request). Request).

D. Vendor Portal: I. Employee Portal:

 Objective of development:  Objective of development:

The objective of the vendor portal is to understand the The objective of the Employee portal is to understand
functionalities of Material Management (MM) and Finance the functionalities of Human Resource (HR) and Finance
(FI) module. This portal is to be designed for maintaining (FI) module. This portal is to be designed for providing info
the data of all the vendors carrying out business with the about the organization and employees, getting the pay slip
organization. The need of vendor portal is to access and as printable, leave balance and to request leave. The need of
view the complete transaction between the company and Employee portal is to have quick and easy access to HR-
vendor. related transactions and services.

E. Front-end: J. Front end:

 Vendor Login:  Employee Login:

Customer login page needs to be designed to login with Employee login page needs to be designed to login with
the user-ID as vendor-ID and the password. While the user-ID as Employee-ID and the Password. While
authenticating, the presence of the vendor-ID in the standard authenticating, the presence of the Employee-ID in the
table has to be checked, post which both the vendor- ID and standard table has to be checked, post which both the
the password must be verified in the custom table (Z-table). Employee-ID and the password must be verified in the
custom table (Z-table).
 Vendor Profile View:
Vendor profile page needs to be designed to display the  Employee Dashboard:
Vendor information. When a vendor requests to view his The employee dashboard needs to be designed and
information, the portal will launch a web service call that developed to have end to end transactions with the
will synchronously gather all of the master data from the employees and the company. The dashboard design should
SAP system via SAP PO. The collected Vendor information resemble the MS office 365 dashboard. Employee
will be displayed. dashboard should contain the complete functionalities such
as
F. Vendor Dashboard:  Employee profile data
The Vendor dashboard needs to be designed and  Leave request
developed to have the end-to-end transactions between  Pay slip
logon Vendor and the company. This page needs to be
developed to have complete sales data belonging to that The dashboard represents each employee’s
Vendor, Such as organization, hierarchy, Projects assigned and performance
 Request for Quotation charts. All information in the dashboard must have real-time
 Purchase Order data.
 Goods Receipt  Middleware:
The SAP ERP Portal is integrated with the SAP
G. Vendor Financial Sheet: Database using middleware called SAP Process Integration /
The vendor financial sheet need to have a complete Process Orchestration (PI/PO). A seamless synchronous
financial transaction between the vendor and the company. connection is to be made via the adapters (ABAP PROXY/
This page needs to be developed to have complete financial RFC/ IDOC) available. The adapters provide the end to end
data belonging to that vendor, Such as communication between the server and database.
 Invoice details
 Payments and aging  Back-end:
 Credit/Debit memo The complete back-end have to be implemented using
SAP ECC/S4 Systems via ABAP (Advanced Business
H. Middleware: Application Programming). All the ABAP programs are to
be saved in packages with the corresponding TR (Transport
 SAP PI/PO: Request).
As middleware, SAP Process Integration / Process
Orchestration (PI/PO) connects the SAP ERP Portal and
SAP Database. A seamless synchronous connection is to be
made via the adapters (ABAP PROXY/ RFC/ IDOC)
available. The adapters provide the end-to-end
communication between the server and database.

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Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
IX. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

We can evaluate the performance and success of the

project employing SAP ERP in two ways:
 Cost efficiency: Despite its high initial adoption costs,
SAP ERP can ultimately bring significant cost savings to
the organization. Its functionality allows companies to
eliminate redundant processes and gain economies of
scale. Additionally, integrating different departments
within a company by using SAP ERP allows companies to
work faster and more efficiently.
 Improved Business Processes: SAP ERP helps
companies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of
their business processes. By using standardized and Fig. 9: SAP User Interface
streamlined processes, companies can achieve higher
accuracy and lower errors, while also increasing their
customer service abilities. Additionally, SAP ERP can
help companies to reduce the time and cost of training
staff, as well as helping to reduce the time to process
orders and respond to customer requests.

X. RESULT

Fig. 10: Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP that test’s

function groups before integration

XI. CONCLUSION

Final conclusion is the implementation of an ERP

solution using SAP has had a positive impact on companies.
It has been successful in streamlining and optimizing
Fig. 7: Login Page
business processes, improving access to real-time
information, reducing cost and complexity, and integrating
core business functions. All of these benefits have resulted
in increased efficiency and productivity, improved
workflow accuracy, and improved customer experience.
With the help of an ERP using SAP, companies have seen
significant improvements in their overall business
performance.

XII. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) has been a

leading software solution for managing business processes,
financial management, human resources, supply chain
management, and customer relationship management for
several decades. As technology evolves, the future scope of
SAP ERP is likely to continue expanding in the following
ways:
 Cloud-based Solutions: SAP is expected to focus on
cloud-based solutions and transition from on-premise
Fig. 8: Sale Order request helps the customer place an order
solutions to cloud-based ones. This transition would allow
to the vendor
businesses to access SAP ERP systems anytime and
anywhere, with minimal infrastructure investment.

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Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning [7.] Mohammad Alojail And Surbhi Bhatia (2020)‘ A
(ML): SAP is likely to incorporate AI and ML Novel Technique for Behavioral Analytics Using
capabilities into its ERP solutions. This integration would Ensemble Learning Algorithms in E-Commerce’
help businesses automate repetitive tasks, improve vol.8 ,pp. 150072 - 150080
decision-making, and provide better insights into business [8.] QuadriNoorulhasanNaveed , Saiful Islam,Mohamed
operations. Rafik Noor Mohamed Qureshi , Ali M.
 Internet of Things (IoT): SAP is expected to leverage Aseere,MohammedAref Abdul Rasheed, And Sadaf
IoT capabilities to provide real-time visibility into Fatima (2021)‘ Evaluating and Ranking of Critical
business operations. IoT will enable SAP to collect and Success Factors of Cloud Enterprise Resource
analyze data from various sources, such as sensors and Planning Adoption Using MCDM Approach’vol.9
devices, to optimize business processes and reduce costs. ,pp. 156880 – 156893
 Integration with other Systems: As businesses adopt [9.] Rajesh Subramanian , Swapnesh Taterh, Dilbag
new systems, SAP ERP is expected to provide better Singh And Heung-No Lee (2022)‘Efficient Fine
integration with those systems to provide a seamless Tuned Trapezoidal Fuzzy-Based Model for Failure
experience. Integration with other systems will enable Mode Effect Analysis Risk Prioritization’ vol.10,pp.
businesses to share data across different platforms and 50037 - 50046
improve overall efficiency. [10.] Sayeed Haider Salih, SamahAbdelsalam ,Mosab
 Improved User Experience: SAP is likely to focus on Hamdan , AbdelzahirAbdelmaboud,Muzaffar
improving the user experience of its ERP systems by Hamzah , Anwer Mustafa Hilal, And
making them more intuitive and user-friendly. This would AbdelwahedMotwakel (2022) ‘Critical Success
enable businesses to get the most out of their ERP Factors for ERP Systems’Post-Implementations of
solutions, even with minimal training. SMEs in Saudi Arabia: A Top Management and
Vendors’ Perspective’ vol.10 ,pp. 108004 - 108020
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