ASTM D25 Round Timber Piles

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles
for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D25 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for

Round Timber Piles1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Species of Wood

1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of 3.1 Piles shall be of any species of wood for which clear
unused round timber piles to be used either treated or un- wood strength values are given in Test Methods D2555.
treated.
4. Classification
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles
unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification 4.1 Timber piles are commonly used to transfer structural
and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from loads to sub surface soil bearing strata by way of friction or tip
Method D2899. end bearing forces, or both.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 4.2 Method D2899 provides a basis for specifying the pile
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical size. This standard gives a procedure for estimating the design
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only stress at any location along the pile length. As design stress
and are not considered standard. must always exceed that imposed under service conditions, the
quotient of the structural loads divided by the design stress
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the gives an estimate of the minimum section property required at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the any location.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4.3 Under this specification, pile size requirements esti-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. mated at a critical location are extrapolated to either the tip or
butt end assuming a linear taper. For this specification, piles are
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
classified by nominal circumference and length.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Quality Requirement (All Piles)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 5.1 Piles shall be of sound wood, free of decay, insect
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. attack, marine borer attack, and Limnoria damage, except as
herein allowed in 13.2 and 14.1.
2. Referenced Documents 5.2 Piles shall be cut above the ground swell and have a
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 taper from butt to tip.
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod- 5.3 Piles shall have an average rate of growth measured in
ucts the outer 50 % of the radius at the pile tip of not less than 6
D2555 Practice for Establishing Clear Wood Strength Values rings per inch and shall have an average summerwood content
D2899 Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses for of not less than 33.3 % in the outer 50 % of the tip radius.
Round Timber Piles Exception: Piles with less than 6 rings per inch are acceptable
if the average is 50 % or more summerwood present in the
outer 50 % of the pile tip radius.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood 5.4 Piles that cannot be adequately inspected for the physi-
and is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and Pile Products. cal requirements specified in this specification due to adhering
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
approved in 1915. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D25 – 12. DOI:
barnacles or other material shall not be permitted.
10.1520/D0025-12R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Lengths
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 6.1 All piles shall be furnished in lengths specified, except
the ASTM website. that tolerances shall be allowed as follows:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Sun Apr 14 20:26:30 EDT 2019
1
Downloaded/printed by
Texas A & M Univ (Texas A & M Univ) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D25 − 12 (2017)
6.1.1 Piles 40 ft (12.2 m) and shorter—plus 1 ft (0.3 m), 9.2 All knots and limbs shall be cut flush with the surface of
minus 6 in. (152 mm). the pile, except that knots may be hand-trimmed flush with the
6.1.2 Piles 41 ft (12.5 m) or longer—plus 2 ft (0.6 m), minus surface of the swell surrounding the knot.
6 in. (152 mm).
10. Peeling (Shaving)
7. Sizes 10.1 Piles are classified according to the extent of bark
7.1 Pile sizes are specified according to nominal circumfer- removal as clean-peeled, rough-peeled, or unpeeled.
ence 3 ft from the butt or at the tip. Tables are provided in 10.1.1 Clean-peeled piles require the removal of all outer
Appendix X1.1 to facilitate the selection of pile dimensions. bark. In addition, at least 80 % of the inner bark, well-
7.2 The out-of-round ratio (maximum to minimum diam- distributed over the surface of the pile, shall be removed. Piles
eter) at the butt or the tip shall not exceed 1.2. for preservative treatment shall have no strip of inner bark
larger than 1 by 6 in. (25 by 152 mm).
7.3 All circumference measurements shall be taken under 10.1.2 Rough-peeled piles require the complete removal of
the bark. all outer bark.
7.4 Circumference at the butt shall not exceed circumfer- 10.1.3 Unpeeled piles require no bark removal.
ence 3 ft (0.9 m) from the butt by more than 8 in. (203 mm).
11. Straightness
7.5 Circumferences given in Tables X1.2-X1.5 are mini-
mum values. No more than 10 % of piles in any shipment shall 11.1 A straight line from the center of the butt to the center
have tip circumferences less than the tabulated values. Of those of the tip shall lie entirely within the body of the pile.
that are below tabulated values, none shall vary from tabulated 11.2 Piles shall be free from short crooks that deviate more
values by more than 2 in. (51 mm). than 21⁄2 in. (64 mm) from straightness in any 5-ft (1.5-m)
length (see Fig. 1).
8. Sapwood
8.1 Wood piles for preservative treatment shall have suffi- 12. Twist of Grain
cient sapwood to meet minimum penetration requirements. 12.1 Spiral grain shall not exceed 180 deg of twist when
measured over any 20-ft (6.1-m) section of the pile.
9. Cutting and Trimming
9.1 Butts and tips of piles shall be sawed square with the 13. Knots
axis of the piles and shall not be out of square by more than 1⁄10 13.1 Sound knots shall be no larger than one sixth the
in./in. (100 mm/m) of diameter. circumference of the pile located where the knot occurs.
The three cases shown are typical, and are intended to establish the principle of measuring shorty crooks. There may be other cases not exactly like those illustrated.
NOTE 1—5 ft = 1.5 m
FIG. 1 Measurement of Short Crook
2
D25 − 12 (2017)
Cluster knots shall be considered as a single knot, and the 14.3 Piles having sound turpentine scars undamaged by
entire cluster cannot be greater in size than permitted for a insects shall be permitted.
single knot. The sum of knot diameters in any 1-ft (304-mm)
length of pile shall not exceed one third of the circumference 15. Checks, Shakes, and Splits
at the point where they occur. Knots shall be measured in 15.1 A check shall not extend any deeper than to the pith.
accordance with Terminology D9, and at a right angle to the There shall not be any two or more checks extending to the pith
length of the pile. which become contiguous at the pith, except as modified by
13.2 Piles may have unsound knots not exceeding half the 15.3. A check is defined as a lengthwise separation of the wood
permitted size of a sound knot, provided that the unsoundness across the rings of normal growth, extending from the surface
extends to not more than a 1 1⁄2-in. (38-mm) depth, and that the toward the pith, but not extending through the piece.
adjacent areas of the trunk are not affected. 15.2 The length of any shake or combination of shakes in
the outer one half of the radius of the butt of the pile, when
14. Holes and Scars measured along the curve of the annual ring, shall not exceed
14.1 Holes less than 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in average diameter one third of the circumference of the butt of the pile. A shake
shall be permitted in the external tangential surface of piles, is defined as a circumferential separation of the rings of normal
provided that the sum of the average diameters of all holes in growth.
any square foot of pile surface does not exceed 1 1⁄2 in. (38 15.3 Splits shall not be longer than the butt diameter. A split
mm), and the depth of any hole does not extend to more than is defined as a lengthwise separation of the wood across the
1 1⁄2 in. (38 mm) and provided that the holes are not caused by rings of normal growth, extending from one surface through
decay, marine borer attack, or Limnoria damage. the piece to the opposite surface.
14.2 Internal holes or damage to the cross-section (bearing)
surfaces caused by decay, marine borers (shipworms or 16. Keywords
pholads), or insects are not permitted. 16.1 piles; round timber piles; timber
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. PILE SIZE OPTIONS
X1.1 Two pile classification systems have evolved along taper” classification. The class A and B sizes shown in Table
with Specification D25 since its adoption in 1937. The original X1.1 are the same as those presented in the original 1937
version of the standard referenced three pile Classes (A, B and edition of Specification D25. The “8 inch tip” class adopted by
C). These classes targeted different end uses: “A” was desig- New York City in the 1960s is a replacement for class C and
nated for use in railway trestles and bridges,“ B” was for use in applies for piles up to 40 ft in length.
docks, wharves and highway work and “C” was for use in
submerged foundations, cofferdams falsework and temporary X1.2 Tables X1.2-X1.5 provide options for major pile
structures. The main difference between classes A and B was in species specified according to either a minimum nominal butt
the size cap they would support (minimum of 14 in. for class or a minimum nominal tip circumference. When the butt
A and 12 in. for class B). Class C was of lower quality. In 1970 circumference is specified, the tip circumference shall not be
the 3-Class system table of sizes was replaced with two tables less than that shown in Tables X1.2 and X1.3. When the top
giving common round timber dimensions arranged to facilitate circumference is specified, the butt circumference shall not be
the selection of piles according to a required minimum butt less than that shown in Tables X1.4 and X1.5. The differences
dimension (friction piles) or a required minimum tip dimension between Tables X1.2 and X1.3 and Tables X1.4 and X1.5
(end-bearing piles). In 1991, the two table system was replaced reflect the difference between southern pine and the predomi-
with four tables, reflecting the difference in shape of southern nate west coast species. Southern pine generally has a linear
pine piles and Class A and B were referenced in a footnote to taper of roughly 0.2 in./ft from the butt to the tip. The
the required minimum butt tables. predominant west coast pile species exhibit a smaller taper
X1.1.1 In 1998, it was voted to place greater emphasis on below 20 ft from the butt, giving them larger tips for a given
class A and B pile sizes and add an “eight inch tip, natural butt size.
3
D25 − 12 (2017)
TABLE X1.1 Specified Minimum Butt and Tip Sizes for Class A
and Class B Piles
Pile Circumference (in.)
Diameter (in.) given in brackets
Length (ft) Class A Class BA
8 in.
3 ft from butt min 3 ft from butt min
tip
min max tip min max tip
Douglas Fir, Southern Pine
Under 40 25 25
57 28 38 [8] [8]
40-54, incl. [18] [9] [12]
22
55-74, incl. 44 57 25 63 [7]
[14] [20] [8] [20]
75-90, incl. 22 41 19
63 [7] [13] [6]
Over 90 [20] 19 16
[6] [6]
Oak
Under 30 28 38 57 22
[9] [12] [18] [7]
30-40, incl. 44 57 19
[14] [18] 25 41 63 [6]
Over 40 [8] [13] [20] 16
[5]
A
For Class B piles a minimum circumference of 34 in. (864 mm) or a diameter of
11 in. (279 mm) at a point 3 ft (1 m) from the butt may be specified for lengths of
25 ft (7.6 m) and under.
4
D25 − 12 (2017)
TABLE X1.2 Specified Butt Circumferences with Corresponding Minimum Tip Circumferences for Coast Douglas Fir Piles and Other
Species, Except Southern Yellow PineA,B
[Approximate Diameters in Brackets]
Required Minimum 22 25 28 31 35 38 41 44 47 50 57
Circumference, in. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [18]
3 ft from Butts
Length (ft) Minimum Tip Circumferences, in.
20 16.0 16.0 16.0 18.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 ... ... ... ...
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.7] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9]
25 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.5 20.5 23.5 26.5 29.5 ... ... ...
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.3] [6.5] [7.5] [8.4] [9.4]
30 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 ... ... ...
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9]
35 ... ... ... 16.0 17.5 20.5 23.5 26.5 29.5 ... ...
[5.1] [5.6] [6.5] [7.5] [8.4] [9.4]
40 ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 ... ...
[5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9]
45 ... ... ... ... 16.0 17.5 20.5 23.5 26.5 29.5 ...
[5.1] [5.6] [6.5] [7.5] [8.4] [9.4]
50 ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 ...
[5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9]
55 ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 17.5 20.5 23.5 26.5 33.5
[5.1] [5.6] [6.5] [7.5] [8.4] [10.7]
60 ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 32.0
[5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [10.2]
65 ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 17.5 20.5 23.5 30.5
[5.1] [5.1] [5.6] [6.5] [7.5] [9.7]
70 ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 29.0
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.0] [9.2]
75 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 17.5 20.5 27.5
[5.1] [5.1] [5.6] [6.5] [8.8]
80 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 19.0 26.0
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [8.3]
85 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 17.5 24.5
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.6] [7.8]
90 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 23.0
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [7.3]
95 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 21.5
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.8]
100 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 20.0
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.4]
105 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 18.5
[5.1] [5.9]
110 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0 17.0
[5.1] [5.4]
115 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0
[5.1]
120 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.0
[5.1]
A
Where the taper applied to the butt circumferences calculate to a circumference at the tip of less than 16 in., the individual values have been increased to 16 in. to ensure
a minimum of 5-in. tip for purposes of driving.
B
To convert to metric dimensions, 1 in. = 25.4 mm.
5
D25 − 12 (2017)
TABLE X1.3 Specified Butt Circumferences with Corresponding Minimum Tip Circumferences for Southern Yellow Pine PilesA,B,C,D,E
Required Minimum 22 25 28 31 35 38 41 44 47 50 57
Circumference, in. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [18]
3 ft from Butts
Length (ft) Minimum Tip Circumferences, in.
20 16 16 18 21 25 28 31 34 37 40 47
[5.1] [5.1] [5.7] [6.7] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [10.8] [11.8] [12.7] [15.0]
25 16 16 17 20 24 27 30 33 36 39 46
[5.1] [5.1] [5.4] [6.4] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [11.4] [12.4] [14.6]
30 16 16 16 19 23 26 29 32 35 38 45
[5.1] [5.1] [5.1] [6.0] [7.3] [8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [11.1] [12.1] [14.3]
35 ... ... ... 18 22 25 28 31 34 37 44
[5.7] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [10.8] [11.8] [14.0]
40 ... ... ... 17 21 24 27 30 33 36 43
[5.4] [6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [11.4] [13.7]
45 ... ... ... ... 20 23 26 29 32 35 42
[6.4] [7.3] [8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [11.1] [13.4]
50 ... ... ... ... 19 22 25 28 31 34 41
[6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [10.8] [13.0]
55 ... ... ... ... ... 21 24 27 30 33 40
[6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [12.7]
60 ... ... ... ... ... 20 23 26 29 32 39
[6.4] [7.3] [8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [12.4]
65 ... ... ... ... ... 19 22 25 28 31 38
[6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [12.1]
70 ... ... ... ... ... 18 21 24 27 30 37
[5.7] [6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [11.8]
75 ... ... ... ... ... ... 20 23 26 29 36
[6.4] [7.3] [8.3] [9.2] [11.4]
80 ... ... ... ... ... ... 19 22 25 28 35
[6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [11.1]
85 ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 21 24 27 34
[5.7] [6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [10.8]
A
Where the taper applied to the butt circumferences calculate to a circumference at the tip of less than 16 in., the individual values have been increased to 16 in. to ensure
a minimum of 5-in. tip for purposes of driving.
B
C
Class A piles are all those listed with a specified required minimum circumference of 44 in. at 3 ft from butt.
D
Class B piles are those listed with a specified required minimum circumference at 3 ft from butt of 35 in. and lengths of 20 to 25 ft minimum circumference at 3 ft from
butt of 38 in. and lengths of 20 to 50 ft, and minimum circumference at 3 ft from butt of 41 in. and lengths of 55 to 80 ft.
E
Southern Yellow Pine piles are generally available in lengths shorter than 70 ft or girth of less than 50 in. at 3 ft from butt. A dark horizontal line in each column designates
pile sizes (above the line) which are generally available. The purchaser should inquire as to availability of sizes below the lines.
6
D25 − 12 (2017)
TABLE X1.4 Specified Tip Circumferences with Corresponding Minimum Butt Circumferences for Piles of Coast Douglas Fir and Other
Species Except Southern Yellow PineA,B
Required Minimum 16 19 22 25 28 31 35 38
Tip Circumference, [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]
in.
Length, ft Circumferences 3 ft from Butt, in.
20 21.0 24.0 27.0 30.0 33.0 36.0 40.0 43.0
[6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [11.5] [12.7] [13.7]
25 22.8 25.3 28.3 31.3 34.3 37.3 41.3 44.3
[7.1] [8.1] [9.0] [10.0] [10.9] [11.9] [13.1] [14.1]
30 23.5 26.5 29.5 32.5 35.5 38.5 42.5 45.5
[7.5] [8.4] [9.4] [10.3] [11.3] [12.3] [13.5] [14.5]
35 24.8 27.8 30.8 33.8 36.8 39.8 43.8 46.8
[7.9] [8.8] [9.8] [10.8] [11.7] [12.7] [13.9] [14.9]
40 26.0 29.0 32.0 35.0 38.0 41.0 45.0 48.0
[8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [11.1] [12.1] [13.0] [14.3] [15.3]
45 27.3 30.3 33.3 36.3 39.3 42.3 46.3 49.3
[8.7] [9.6] [10.6] [11.6] [12.5] [13.5] [14.7] [15.7]
50 28.5 31.5 34.5 37.5 40.5 43.5 47.5 50.5
[9.1] [10.0] [11.0] [11.9] [12.9] [13.8] [15.1] [16.1]
55 29.8 32.8 35.8 38.8 41.8 44.8 48.8 51.8
[9.5] [10.4] [11.4] [12.4] [13.3] [14.3] [15.5] [16.5]
60 31.0 34.0 37.0 40.0 43.0 46.0 50.0 53.0
[9.9] [10.8] [11.8] [12.7] [13.7] [14.6] [15.9] [16.9]
65 32.3 35.3 38.3 41.3 44.3 47.3 51.3 54.3
[10.3] [11.2] [12.2] [13.1] [14.1] [15.1] [16.3] [17.3]
70 33.5 36.5 39.5 42.5 45.5 48.5 52.5 55.5
[10.7] [11.6] [12.6] [13.5] [14.5] [15.4] [16.7] [17.7]
75 34.8 37.8 40.8 43.8 46.8 49.8 53.8 56.8
[11.1] [12.0] [13.0] [13.9] [14.9] [15.9] [17.1] [18.1]
80 36.0 39.0 42.0 45.0 48.0 51.0 55.0 58.0
[11.5] [12.4] [13.4] [14.3] [15.3] [16.2] [17.5] [18.5]
85 37.3 40.3 43.3 46.3 49.3 52.3 56.3 59.3
[11.9] [12.8] [13.8] [14.7] [15.7] [16.6] [17.9] [18.9]
90 38.5 41.5 44.5 47.5 50.5 53.5 57.5 60.5
[12.3] [13.2] [14.2] [15.1] [16.1] [17.0] [18.3] [19.3]
95 39.8 42.8 45.8 48.8 51.8 54.8 58.8 61.8
[12.7] [13.6] [14.6] [15.5] [16.5] [17.4] [18.7] [19.7]
100 41.0 44.0 47.0 50.0 53.0 56.0 60.0 ...
[13.0] [14.0] [15.0] [15.9] [16.9] [17.8] [19.1]
105 42.3 45.3 48.3 51.3 54.3 57.3 ... ...
[13.5] [14.4] [15.4] [16.3] [17.3] [18.2]
110 43.5 46.5 49.5 52.5 55.5 58.5 ... ...
[13.8] [14.8] [15.8] [16.7] [17.7] [18.6]
115 44.8 47.8 50.8 53.8 56.8 ... ... ...
[14.3] [15.2] [16.2] [17.1] [18.1]
120 46.0 49.0 52.0 55.0 58.0 ... ... ...
[14.6] [15.6] [16.6] [17.5] [18.5]
A
B
Piles purchased as “8-in. and natural taper” have a required minimum tip circumference of 25 in. and are available in lengths of 20 to 45 ft.
7
D25 − 12 (2017)
TABLE X1.5 Specified Tip Circumferences with Corresponding Minimum Butt Circumferences for Southern Yellow Pine PilesA,B,C
Required Minimum 16 19 22 25 28 31 35 38
Tip Circumference, in. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]
Length, ft Minimum Circumferences 3 ft from Butt, in.
20 19 22 25 28 31 34 38 41
[6.0] [7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [10.8] [12.1] [13.0]
25 20 23 26 29 32 35 39 42
[6.4] [7.3] [8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [11.1] [12.4] [13.4]
30 21 24 27 30 33 36 40 43
[6.7] [7.6] [8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [11.4] [12.7] [13.7]
35 22 25 28 31 34 37 41 44
[7.0] [8.0] [8.9] [9.9] [10.8] [11.8] [13.0] [14.0]
40 ... 26 29 32 35 38 42 45
[8.3] [9.2] [10.2] [11.1] [12.1] [13.4] [14.3]
45 ... 27 30 33 36 39 43 46
[8.6] [9.5] [10.5] [11.4] [12.4] [13.7] [14.6]
50 ... ... 31 34 37 40 44 47
[9.9] [10.8] [11.8] [12.7] [14.0] [15.0]
55 ... ... 32 35 38 41 45 48
[10.2] [11.1] [12.1] [13.0] [14.3] [15.3]
60 ... ... 33 36 39 42 46 49
[10.5] [11.4] [12.4] [13.4] [14.6] [15.6]
65 ... ... 34 37 40 43 47 50
[10.8] [11.8] [12.7] [13.7] [15.0] [15.9]
70 ... ... 35 38 41 44 48 51
[11.1] [12.1] [13.6] [14.0] [15.3] [16.2]
75 ... ... 36 39 42 45 49 52
[11.4] [12.4] [13.4] [14.3] [15.6] [16.6]
80 ... ... 37 40 43 46 50 53
[11.8] [12.7] [13.7] [14.6] [15.9] [16.9]
85 ... ... 38 41 44 47 51 54
[12.1] [13.0] [14.0] [15.0] [16.2] [17.2]
90 ... ... 39 42 45 48 52 55
[12.4] [13.4] [14.3] [15.3] [16.6] [17.5]
A
B
Piles purchased as “8-in. and natural taper” have a required minimum tip circumference of 25 in. and are available in lengths of 20 to 45 ft.
C
Southern Yellow Pine piles are generally available in lengths shorter than 70 ft. or girth of less than 50 in. at 3 ft. from butt. A dark horizontal line in each column designates
pile sizes (above the line) which are generally available. The purchaser should inquire as to availability of sizes below the lines.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or [email protected] (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/
8

ASTM D25 Round Timber Piles

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ASTM D25 Round Timber Piles

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

ASTM D25 Round Timber Piles

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

Designation: D25 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)

Standard Specification for

1. Scope 3. Species of Wood

X1. PILE SIZE OPTIONS

You might also like