Design Calculation of Falsework for

Construction of Column for Subsidized Sale Flats Development

at Anderson Road Quarry

Content

1. Introduction
2. Design Reference and Information
3. Design Calculation
4. Appendix
1. Introduction
This report presents the checking of proposed falsework system for the construction
of the column, to assess the stability of the proposed system for the different stages of
construction.

2. Design Reference and Information

The following codes and reference have been used in this submission:

Hong Kong Building (Construction) Regulation 1990;

Code of Practice on Dead and Imposed Loads 2011;

Code of Practice for Structural Use of Steel 2011;

Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013;

BS5268-2:2002 Structural Use of Timber;

Formwork a Guide to Good Practice

Concrete Pressure CIRIA Report no.108

3. Design Calculation
 COLUMN FORMWORK DESIGN
Critical Structure Size for Column Formwork Design = 8000 mm

Column length, L = 1200 mm

Column width, b = 1200 mm
Column height, H = 8000 mm

Material Properties

Polywood: Canadian Cofi-Form Plywood, 16mm THK.

Formwork Guide to Good Practice, Table G-W

Moment of Resistance, Mcplywood = 0.38 kNm/m

Permissible Shear Load, pqplywood = 5.64 kN/m
Bending Stiffness, EIPlywood = 2.23 kNm2/m

Timber: Strength Class SC4

Permissible Stresses and Moduli of Elasticity for General Falsework Applications
BS 5975: Code of Practice for Falsework 1996, Table 9

Bending Stress Parallel to the Grain = 8.90 N/mm2

Tensile stress Parallel to Grain = 5.24 N/mm2
Compressive stress prependicular to grain = 2.87 N/mm2
Shear perpendicular to grain = 1.40 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity = 8600 N/mm2

FORMWORK PRESSURE
From CIRIA REPORT 108

coeff. dependent on the size and shape of formwork C1 = 1.5 wall = 1, Col = 1.5
coeff. dependent on the constituent material of concrete C2 = 0.3
Weight density of concrete D = 25.5 kN/m3
Vertical form height H = 8 m
Vertical pour height h = 8 m
Concrete temperature T = 32 degree
Temperature coefficient K = [36/(T+16)]2 = 0.6
Rate at which concrete rises vertically up the form R = 0.7 m/h

Maximum concrete pressure on formwork

Concrete pressure on formwork P = D x {C1 x sqrt(R) + C2 x K x SQRT[H-C1 x SQRT(R) ]}

= 43.18 kN/m2
Static pressure on formwork Pstat = Dxh
= 204 kN/m2

Maximum concrete pressure on formwork Pmax = Smaller of (P, Pstat)

= 43.18 kN/m2
Height of Hydrostatic Zone Hz = 1.69 m

Concrete pressure diagram H=8m

H-Hz=6.306m

Pmax=43.18kN/m2
A. Checking of Plywood

P' =43.93kPa S14 =0.2m

Live load (BS5975 CI. 27.3.1) LL = 0.75 kN/m2

Concrete Pressure Pmax = 43.18 kN/m2
Design total load P' = 43.93 kN/m2
Breadth of Secton B = 1000 mm
Loading on Plywood w14 = 43.93 kN/m
Spacing between Support S14 = 0.2 m

Max. Span Moment Mmax = 0.107 x w14 x S142

= 0.19 kNm per meter width
< Allowable Bending Resistance = 0.38, OK
Max. Shear Force V = 0.607 x w14 x S14
= 5.33 kN per meter width
< Allowable shear Resistance = 5.64,OK

Check deflection
Allowable Deflection, Y' = S14/270 = 0.75 mm

Max. Deflection y = 0.0065 x w14 x (S144)/(E x I)

= 0.205 mm
< Allowable deflection = 0.75,OK
B. Checking of Soldier Timber

S15=0.75m

S14=0.2m

SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Live load (BS5975 CI. 27.3.1) LL = 0.75 kN/m2

Concrete Pressure Pmax = 43.18 kN/m2
Design total load P' = 43.93 kN/m2
Spacing between Soldiers S14 = 0.2 m
Loading on Stringer w15 = 8.79 kN/m
Effective Span of Soldiers S15 = 0.75 m

Max. Span Moment Mmax = 0.107 x w15 x S152

= 0.53 kNm per meter width

Max. Shear Force V = 0.607 x w15 x S15

= 4.00 kN per meter width

SECTION PROPERTIES
50 x 100 mm TIMBER x 1 Nos
Width of Section B = 50 mm
Depth of Section D = 100 mm
Modulus of Elasticity E = 8600 N/mm2
Moment of Inertia I = 4166667 mm4
Section Modulus Z = 83333 mm3

CHECK BENDING STRESS

Allow. Bending Stress Pbc = 8.90 N/mm2

Max. Bending Stress Fbc = Mmax/Z

= 6.35 N/mm2
< Allowable Bending Resistance = 8.9,OK
CHECK SHEAR STRESS
Allow. Shear Stress Pq = 1.40 N/mm2

Max. Shear Stress Fq = 1.5 x V/ (B x D)

= 1.20 N/mm2
< Allowable shear Resistance = 1.4,OK

CHECK DEFLECTION
Allowable Deflection, Y' = S15/270 = 2.78 mm

Max. Deflection y = 0.0065 x w15 x (S154)/(E x I)

= 0.504 mm
< Allowable deflection = 2.78,OK
C. Checking of Waling

S16=0.6m S15=0.75m

Spacing of Soldier
S14=0.2m

SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Live load (BS5975 CI. 27.3.1) LL = 0.75 kN/m2

Concrete Pressure Pmax = 43.18 kN/m2
Design total load P' = 43.93 kN/m2
Spacing between Studs S15 = 0.75 m
Point load P16 = 6.59 kN
Effective Span of Studs S16 = 0.6 m
n = S16/S14 = 3

Max. Span Moment Mmax = (n2-1) x P16 x S16 / 8n

= 1.32 kNm

Max. Shear Force V = (n-1) x P16 / 2

= 6.59 kN

SECTION PROPERTIES
50 x 100 mm TIMBER x 2 Nos
Width of Section B = 100 mm
Depth of Section D = 100 mm
Modulus of Elasticity E = 8600 N/mm2
Moment of Inertia I = 8333333 mm4
Section Modulus Z = 166667 mm3

CHECK BENDING STRESS

Allow. Bending Stress Pbc = 8.90 N/mm2

Max. Bending Stress Fbc = Mmax/Z

= 7.91 N/mm2
< Allowable Bending Resistance = 8.9,OK
CHECK SHEAR STRESS
Allow. Shear Stress Pq = 1.40 N/mm2

Max. Shear Stress Fq = 1.5 x V/ (B x D)

= 0.99 N/mm2
< Allowable shear Resistance = 1.4,OK

CHECK DEFLECTION
Allowable Deflection, Y' = S16/270 = 2.23 mm

Max. Deflection y = (P16 x S163/192EI) x (n-(1/n)) x (3-(1/2) x (1-(1/n2)))

= 1.958 mm
< Allowable deflection = 2.23,OK
D. Checking of Tie Rod

S15=0.75m

S16=0.6m

Design Total Load P' = 43.93 kN/m2

Load Area (hatched area) S15 = 0.75 m vertical (waling spacing)
S16 = 0.6 m horizontal (tie spacing)
Max. Axial Force T = S15 x S16 x P x 1.4
= 27.68 kN

Use 12mm tie bar with min. SWL = pi x 6 x 6 x 275 / 1000

= 31.10 kN
> Maximum Tensile Stress = OK
E. Checking of Cantilever Portion

Max. Cantilever
Height Lc=0.5m

Average concrete
Pressure,
P*=12.75kN/m2

S14=0.2m

SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Live load (BS5975 CI. 27.3.1) LL = 0.75 kN/m2

Concrete Pressure Pmax = 43.18 kN/m2
Average concrete Pressure P* = 12.75 kN/m2 Based on concrete pressure diagram
Design total load P' = 13.50 kN/m2
Spacing between Soldiers S14 = 0.2 m
Loading on Soldier w15 = 2.70 kN/m
Max. Cantilever height Lc = 0.5 m

Max. Span Moment Mmax = 0.5 x w15 x Lc2

= 0.34 kNm

Max. Shear Force V = w15 x Lc

= 1.35 kN

SECTION PROPERTIES
50 x 100 mm TIMBER x 1 Nos
Width of Section B = 50 mm
Depth of Section D = 100 mm
Modulus of Elasticity E = 8600 N/mm2
Moment of Inertia I = 4166667 mm4
Section Modulus Z = 83333 mm3

CHECK BENDING STRESS

Allow. Bending Stress Pbc = 8.90 N/mm2

Max. Bending Stress Fbc = Mmax/Z

= 4.05 N/mm2
< Allowable Bending Resistance = 8.9,OK
CHECK SHEAR STRESS
Allow. Shear Stress Pq = 1.40 N/mm2

Max. Shear Stress Fq = 1.5 x V/ (B x D)

= 0.41 N/mm2
< Allowable shear Resistance = 1.4,OK

CHECK DEFLECTION
Allowable Deflection, Y' = Lc/270 = 1.86 mm

Max. Deflection y = 0.125 x w15 x Lc4 / (EL)

= 0.589 mm
< Allowable deflection = 1.86,OK
4. Appendix
12MM TIE ROD @ 600C/C
100 x 50 HORIZONTAL STUD @ 200 C/C
TWIN 50 X 20 X 1.6MM RHS WALING @ 750 C/C

600 600 MIN.16 MM PLYWOOD

200

Max. 600 200

TYPICAL PLAN VIEW FOR COLUMN FORMWORK FOR

COLUMN SIZE LARGER THAN 300MMX300MM
(NTS)
12MM TIE ROD @ 600C/C
100 x 50 HORIZONTAL STUD @ 200 C/C
TWIN 50 X 20 X 1.6MM RHS WALING @ 750 C/C

600
MIN.16 MM PLYWOOD

200

Max. 600 200

TYPICAL PLAN VIEW FOR COLUMN FORMWORK FOR

COLUMN SIZE SMALLER OR EQUAL TO 300MMX300MM
(NTS)
 FORMWORK SYSTEM FOR 50 X 100MM VERTICAL TIMBER

700

VARIES 250

(MAX. CANTILEVER = 500mm)

600

12MM S275
12MM TIE TIE@ROD
ROD @ 600 C/C
700C/C

600

8000
Max. 5000
50(W) 100 x 50 VERTICAL
x 100(D) STUD STUD
SC4 VERTICAL @ 250 @200
C/C C/C

600

MIN.16 MM PLYWOOD

600
KICKER

TWINTWIN
20(W)50XX50(D) X 1.6MM
25 X 1.6MM S275
RHS RHS WALING
WALING @ 700 C/C
@ 700 C/C
or TWIN
or TWIN 50 50 X 100 MM
X 100dp MM TIMBER @ 700@
SC4 TIMBER C/C
600 C/C

350

SECTION VIEW FOR COLUMN / WALL FORMWOR SIDE VIEW FOR COLUMN / WALL FORMWORK