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    History Reaction

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    Rica Pulongbarit
    Industrialization led many African Americans and Europeans to migrate to urban areas of the US in search of jobs during the 19th century. Nearly 2 million African Americans moved north to escape racism and violence in the south, though they still faced discrimination through unequal employment and housing. Europeans similarly moved to escape hardship abroad and pursue opportunities in America, but as culturally and physically different groups, they faced prejudice and restrictions through laws like the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924. Both groups underwent the challenges of urbanization while struggling against racism and nativism.

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    History Reaction

    Uploaded by

    Rica Pulongbarit
    73 views3 pages
    Industrialization led many African Americans and Europeans to migrate to urban areas of the US in search of jobs during the 19th century. Nearly 2 million African Americans moved north to escape racism and violence in the south, though they still faced discrimination through unequal employment and housing. Europeans similarly moved to escape hardship abroad and pursue opportunities in America, but as culturally and physically different groups, they faced prejudice and restrictions through laws like the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924. Both groups underwent the challenges of urbanization while struggling against racism and nativism.

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    HISTORY REACTION

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    Industrialization led many African Americans and Europeans to migrate to urban areas of the US in search of jobs during the 19th century. Nearly 2 million African Americans moved north to escape racism and violence in the south, though they still faced discrimination through unequal employment and housing. Europeans similarly moved to escape hardship abroad and pursue opportunities in America, but as culturally and physically different groups, they faced prejudice and restrictions through laws like the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924. Both groups underwent the challenges of urbanization while struggling against racism and nativism.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    73 views3 pages

    History Reaction

    Uploaded by

    Rica Pulongbarit
    Industrialization led many African Americans and Europeans to migrate to urban areas of the US in search of jobs during the 19th century. Nearly 2 million African Americans moved north to escape racism and violence in the south, though they still faced discrimination through unequal employment and housing. Europeans similarly moved to escape hardship abroad and pursue opportunities in America, but as culturally and physically different groups, they faced prejudice and restrictions through laws like the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924. Both groups underwent the challenges of urbanization while struggling against racism and nativism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Pulongbarit 1

    Rica Pulongbarit

    Scott Wade

    US History 122

    20 September 2020

    19th Century: The Great Migration

    Industrialization was a huge success as it made America the largest industrial power in

    the world. As the country progresses, it became a large urban industry from being rural. As new

    inventions and advanced technology flooded the market, it gave way for the rise of factories,

    skyscrapers, and offices in the country especially in big cities such as New York and Boston.

    More factories mean more job opportunities. These opportunities not only attracted foreigners

    but also the Americans working in rural area of the country. During nineteenth century,

    immigration is no longer a new phenomenon to America. This essay will identify the factors that

    prompted African Americans and Europeans immigration to America. It will also explain the

    discrimination and anti-immigration legislation that immigrants faced in the late nineteenth

    century.

    According to the book, nearly two million African Americans fled the rural south to seek

    new opportunities elsewhere. They came to these new cities not only for job opportunities but

    also to escape the racism of the farms and former plantations in the South. Africans Americans

    were still subjected to racial hatred, violence, death threats, and lynching even after the passage

    of Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. Hence, to escape these dangers, they went

    up north.

    During this time, African Americans who migrated in the North were still fighting for

    equality. They were still being discriminated. Most of them were banished to work as lower-
    Pulongbarit 2

    paying unskilled occupations because of their color and lack of formal education (p. 549). They

    worked as janitors, waiters, cooks, construction, nothing wrong this kind of job but they were

    underpaid. African American women were not exception to racism, they worked as maids, some

    worked in garment industries. They were harshly discriminated by landlords and homeowners,

    they would not sell them house nor rent them properties. Banks denied them of taking house

    loans.

    In 1800’s, new wave of immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe. They kind

    of had similar circumstances with African Americans as they moved away from their countries to

    escape famine, religious, political and racial persecution. They were also attracted to the idea of

    better job opportunities and consistent wage-earning work in America (p.551). Most Americans

    saw these new immigrants as racially inferior as they had darker skin tone. They practiced

    unfamiliar religions such as Catholicism and Judaism, these differences scared them.

    Economically, they saw them as threat. They feared that they would take jobs away from them.

    American feared these differences, hence the rise of American nativism and nationalism.

    Activist groups pushed for legislation of Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of

    1924. Emergency Quota Act of 1921 restricted the number of immigrants to admit in the

    country, the Immigration Act of 1924 did the same, it limited the number of immigrants allowed

    into the United States through a national origins quota (“Emergency Quota Act”).

    In conclusion, African Americans and Europeans came to urban area of United States for

    hope of better life and better paying job. They did it to escape from racism, famine, and

    persecution from their old placed. Being culturally and physically different to Americans, they

    faced discrimination and racism.


    Pulongbarit 3

    Works Cited

    “The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900.” U.S. History, by P. Scott Corbett et al.,

    OpenStax, Rice University, 2017.

    “Emergency Quota Act.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 14 Sept. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/

    wiki/Emergency_Quota_Act.

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