< BACHELOR OF TESL WITH HONOUR >

< MAY / 2021 >

< HBET 2203 >

< TEACHING OF GRAMMAR IN ESL >

MATRICULATION NO : < 880202135308-001 >

IDENTITY CARD NO. : < 880202135308 >
TELEPHONE NO. : < 010-9797092 >
E-MAIL : < [email protected] >
LEARNING CENTRE : < OUM MIRI LC >

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 CONTENT

Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 3

Task 1
1.0 Compared and Contrast Online Learning Vs Face-to-face
1.1 Online Learning Vs Face To Face Similiar………………………..4
1.2 Differences Between Online Learning And Face To Face………...5 - 6

Task 2
2.0 Teaching Approaches And / Or Methods Teaching Grammar Online……7
2.1 Meet Students Where They Are…………………………………..7 - 8
2.2 Use Mini-Lessons Video………………………………………….8
2.3 “ Hand - On ” Practice…………………………………………….8
2.4 Play Grammar Game……………………………………………...8 - 9
2.5 Read Through The Grammar Notes Together…………………….9
2.6 Assign The Grammar Note For Homework………………………9
2.7 Advantages of Rising Awareness / Noticing……………………..9

Task 3
3.0 Modifications or Change To Make
In The Selection Of Teaching Materials……………………………………10
3.1 Google Docs……………………………………………………..11
3.2 Google Slides…………………………………………………….11
3.3 Online Quizzes and Self-Access Materials………………………11
3.4 Via Zoom…………………………………………………………11

4.0 Conclusion………………………………………………………………..12
5.0 References………………………………………………………………...13

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Introduction

With the onset of the COVID - 19 pandemic came many changes for people
all over the world. We’ve all had to adapt to numerous distruptions to our lives
example socially, physically, emotionally, and financially to name a few. All people
around the world have to be affected by a coronavirus, which has changed everything
including education. So the Ministry Of Education In Malaysia notice that they will
change the way to teach from face to face learning to online learning. Althrough the
school was ordered to close, the learning sessions continued through online teaching
and learning.

Online learning is a growing educational alternative for all students and

educator regardless of age who, due to time and space cannot attend face-to-face
classes during this pandemic. Since its beginning, online education has maintained a
crescent demand ( Estevez, Castro Martinez & Rodriquez, 2015 ) and it has evolved
as technology itself has more to offer in terms of educational tools.

This paper contains 3 task and will elaborate on each question found in the
task namely compared and contrast how teaching grammar online, teaching
approaches and / or methods, and selection of teaching materials.

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1.0 Compared And Contrast Online Learning Versus Face To Face Teaching In
English Grammar

1.1 Online Learning Versus Face To Face Teaching Similiar

There are no significant differences in the outcomes face to face students when
compared to online ( Ni, 2013 ), or that face to face students performed better than
online students ( Heppen et al.,2017 ). Face to face learning can take many forms, as
can online learning. For the purpose of this, face to face learning means a live, two
way interaction. Online learning here is where a students sits down and learns through
a self-paced system completely on their own. There might be content delivered
through video, but it’s a one way interaction.

Live learning allows the teacher to connect with students and engages them
more by adding a human element. It is especially good for learners who are not self-
taught or who are used to the face to face model of education where they have a
teacher in front of them. This element is particularly important in any course, as it
gives the teacher the chance to give feedback and correct students in a way it is not
possible through a quiz.

In many ways, live online lessons are similar to traditional face-to-face

classes, as the teacher can present information and interact with a group of students in
real time. In other ways, however, there are some important differences. Based of my
experience teaching online during this pandemic has a big differences between online
learning and face to face learning. For example, students sending homework pass
hand by hand for face to face learning to their teacher. In other hand, must send
homework picture to your teacher so tha can prove that you did homework.

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1.2 Differences Between Online Learning And Face To Face learning

In this context, the first difference is classroom management. In a physical

classroom, the teacher is free to move the learners around and group them as he/she
feels fit. This gives them the freedom to engage students with activities where they
can interact with each other. In an online setting, it is up to the teacher to create
activities that have the same amount of engagement between them, usually through
different online resources. This is paramount in the case of lessons one-on-one where
the student-teacher interaction is direct.

The second difference is the resources. In online classes, the lack of visual
feedback is a common challenge for teachers. When presenting directly in a
classroom, a teacher is able to adapt his/her delivery based on the visual feedback
from the class. Teachers who are not used to using technology in the classroom do not
have a problem in a live setting, as they can replace this resource such interesting
activities. However, things change when they want to transition to online education as
they feel clueless regarding what tools to use to create the same amount of
engagement.

The third differences is the way students interact with the teacher and the
subject matter, as well as how they consume information. Face to face learning is
real time or synchronous learning, while online learning can be both synchronous and
asynchronous. In aphysical classroom, are engaging with students in real time, while
in the online world can deliver real time lectures through streams and zoom calls, or
you can record your lectures for your students check out a later date.

The forth differences is online learning is easier with interactive platforms.

The online world has certainly revolutionzed the way we convey information and
deliver knowledge to our students, and it has facilited the rise of numerous digital
platforms that make learning fun, engaging, and rewarding for the teach savy
students. However, it’s not just the students that benefit from online learning, as
established profesionals have a chance to leverage e-learningto advance their careers
and obtain the necessary certifications to move forward in their industries.

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 The fifth differences is the personal online course vs group classroom
lectures. Another major difference between traditional and online learning is that the
latters allow you to take a more personalized approach to conveying knowledge and
information. While forced to address the entire classroom or auditorium in an attempt
to enggage the whole village. Online teaching allow you address the individual and
tackle their unique needs, knowledge gaps and to put the learner in the centre.

Next the differences is assessments the Classroom Learning method of

assessing a student’s capabilities is usually through quizzes and exams, most often
one in a physical setting invigilated by an examiner. Covid-19 has made this method
of assessment (temporarily) redundant. In Online Learning, assessments are
undertaken via assignments, which can be either individual or group-based, providing
an opportunity for students to form study groups that support each other and learn
from their differing experiences. In rarer cases, online, open-book exams are also
used as an assessment medium, however the latter is more popular.

( words 1021 )

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Task 2
2.0 Teaching Approaches And / Or Methods Teach grammar online.

Grammar teaching is an essential aspect of education. Without proper

grammar, writing, reading, and speaking all lose meaning and value. Grammar is an
important subject for teachers to impart to their students. Unfortunately, it is also one
of the most boring subjects in the eyes of many students, and typically teachers do not
enjoy endless grammar drills either. Educators, therefore, are looking for ways to
make grammar teaching more fun and engaging. When students are able to enjoy the
lessons, they are more likely to pay attention.

Teaching grammar online is a very challenging challenge for a teacher. This is

because through my teaching experience while teaching in the classroom, students
quickly get bored and not interested in learning English specially on grammar.
Therefore, to attract students to learn grammar should have a interesting and
effectively approaches or methods. Moving grammar into a online digital format can
certainly have its challenges.

I will using method of teaching grammar is to incorporate interactivity into

lessons. Using games to teach grammar not only engages students but also helps them
to remember what they’ve learned. This method allows teachers to tailor their lessons
to the different learning styles of students. For instance, each student can be given a
large flashcard with a word on it, and the students must physically arrange themselves
into a proper sentence. Other games can include word puzzles or fun online quizzes.
Here some approaches or methods can use to make this learning become easier;

2.1 MEET STUDENTS WHERE THEY ARE

 
Before begin planning how to incorporate grammar into your lessons,
make sure you are meeting students where they are.   In order to plan out what
grammar topics you want to address, you’ll need to assess their current
understanding. For example, if you only want to assess their understanding of a
particular grammar topic, you can create a Google Forms multiple choice quiz (

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make sure to make it self-grading ).  This works well for a quick check of a
specific topic, but there are some draw-backs.   For starters, students may be
able to guess the correct answer. Also, sometimes students will be able to
correct errors when they are searching for them in a question, but they don’t
always transfer that new knowledge to their own writing seamlessly.

2.2 USE MINI-LESSON VIDEOS

Use mini-lessons to introduce students to grammar rules in a focussed

way. Doing this digitally can work even better because you can create concise,
yet thorough, video lessons that will allow students to learn a particular
grammar concept. What's great is that they can learn them at their own
individual pace. If they don't understand something, they can replay the video,
take notes, and ask questions in an attempt to apply that knowledge to their
own writing. 

You can also easily teach a mini-lesson over Zoom or Google Meet if
that is something you are using with your students, but try to keep the lesson to
10 minutes max.  Grammar is a subject that students can tune out on pretty
quickly, so you'll want to keep direct instruction to a minimum.

2.3 “ Hand On ” Practice

Put students into a small groups in zoom breakout rooms. They work on
an activity together. For instance, if you are teaching the grammar rule on
fragments, run-ons, and complete sentences it is and the drag it into the correct
place in the chart.

2.4 Play Grammar Game

Gamification means making something feel like a game. It’s enjoyable to learn
and easier to remember. Teachers are skilled at using this approach to transform dull

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 lessons. If something feels fun, students won’t notice that they’re learning something
difficult. Example;

 Bingo games
 Odd one out
 Dice games

2.5 Read Through The Grammar Notes Together

Before begin the grammar practice task, walks your students through the
grammar presentation notes while screensharing the notes or while they follow
along on their own devices. Have students take turns reading the examples out
loud so you can also work on their pronunciation ( and so they’re not only
listening your voice the whole time ).

2.6 Assign The Grammar Notes For Homework

The day before start a new grammar lesson, assign the grammar note
task as a homework. Have a students read through them and write down any
question they have to ask you the next day.

2.7 Advantages of raising awareness / noticing

Ogeyik ( 2017 ) argues there is connection between noticing what your read or
hear and then noticing your own grammar in writing and speaking. Provide
opportunities for guided noticing. For example,

* Select the structure you want to higlight.

* Higlight it using the highlighting feature in google docs / slides.
* Avoid highlighting too many different structures.
* Keep learners attention on the meaning.
* In theory, no explicit rule teaching, ( Richards & Reppen, 2014 ).
( Words 834 )

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3.0 Modifications Or Change To Make In The Selection Of Teaching
Materials When Teach Grammar Online.

Teaching aids are tool and equipment used in teaching as a supplement in

class room instruction to enhance the interest of students. Teaching materials are
important catalysts of effective instructions. Besides the traditional teaching methods,
there are wide varieties of teaching aids available to the teacher. They help students to
improve reading and other skill. Teaching materials are key factor in creating
effective teaching and learning environments. These aids directly address to the five
senses so the chances of forgetting become less and process of learning becomes more
effective. The use of teaching materials in English Language class is important
because English has gained much more attention around the world. As a result,
effective materials become need of the time.

Nowdays, with the Coronavirus outbreak occurs as pandemic, a teacher faces

unique challenges in teaching English. This outbreak virus has changed all activities
and systems in all sectors in the world. Health protocol established to avoid
transmission of the virus by requiring everyone to do social distancing, so that the
educator sector change the way of learning from face-to-face class to online class.
Therefore, teachers should have also change the way they learn and teach as well.
This is because teaching grammar online is not like teaching face to face. In teaching
language, teaching aids/ materials are important because every individual has
tendency to forget but proper use of these aids, help to remember lessons
permanently. All teachings aids can be effectively used in class to motivate the
students to learn better. One other important factor about teaching materials is that the
materials should meet students’ needs as every person has its own level of
understanding. Here are the types of teaching materials that can be used in grammar
teaching online;

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3.1 Google Docs

Sharing and commenting provide students withopportunities to receive

immediate feedback on their writing from teachers. Establish a link between Google
and classroom teaching.

3.2 Google slides

The benefits using google slides for teaching online replacement whiteboard;
* Easy to share ( e.g via link or embedded on a site ).
* Easy to collaborate with others.
* Easy to add drawings, image and video.

3.3 Online Quizzes And Self-access Materials

As for online quizzes, there are a wide range of activities available for free at
various web sites. One easily accessible and user-friendly web site is The Internet
TESL Journalâs Self-Study Quizzes for ESL students.

3.4 Via Zoom

Benefits of using via zoom is the mute featured where we can

controlled nature of discussions and debates can lack some of their energy on Zoom,
but the dynamics of conducting discussions this way can also help students focus on
practicing discussion phrases. So we can avoid the students to interrupt and speak out
of turn in lessons. To complement the mute feature on Zoom, you also have the raised
hand feature. Students can click this button and a little blue hand will appear in their
viewing box for the host.

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4.0 Conclusion

When comparing the same course delivered online and face to face, several
onclusions can be reached. Teaching online is a big challenge to teacher especially
during this pandemic Coronavirus especially moving teaching grammar from
traditional classroom to online classroom need to use some approaches. Teaching
Approaches And / Or Methods Teach grammar online should have interesting and
effectively so that can attract the students online learning attention. Here are a few of
teaching approaches online; use mini video lessons, play grammar online, read
through the grammar together, assign the grammar notes for homework and noticing.

Apart that from review study on this paper, Teaching materials are important
catalysts of effective instructions and more important factor about teaching materials
is that the materials should meet students’ needs as every person has its own level of
understanding. The suitable materials for teaching grammar effectively namely
Google Docs, Google slides, online quizzes

As they say, ‘necessity is the mother of invention’, and being forced into
adapting to this new situation has highlighted some ways that teaching can actually be
done more effectively. Teaching online with platforms like has suddenly highlighted
ways in which freelance teachers can work remotely and provide a great service to
their students without the financial anchor of a physical building.

( Words 727 )

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5.0 REFERENCES

Ogeyik, M.C. ( 2017 ). The compractive effectiveness of noticing in language

learning. International Review Of Applied Linguistic In Language Teaching, 56
( 4 ), 3 - 14. Doi : https://doi.org/10.1515/iral/2016-0049

Heppen, J., Sorensen, N., Allensworth, E., Walters, K., Rickies, J., Taylors, S.,
& Michelman, V. ( 2017 ). The struggle to pass algebra : Online vs face to face
credit recovery for at-risk urban students. Journal of Research of Educational
Effectiveness, 10(2), 272 - 296.

Ni, A. ( 2013 ). Comparing the effectiveness of classroom and online learning :

Teaching research methods. Journal of Public Affair Education, 19(2), 199 -
215

Estévez, J. A., Castro-Martínez, J., & Granobles, H. R. (2015). La educación virtual

en Colombia: Exposición de modelos de deserción. Apertura, 7(1). Retrieve from :
https://www.scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=6445&content=etd

Tanya Trusler ( 2020 ). How To Teach Grammar Online.

Retrieve from : https://www.esllibrary.com/blog/teaching-grammar-online-
with-esl-library

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