8

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 8:
Finding the Probability of a
Simple Event

CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4–Module 8: Finding the Probability of a Simple Event
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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 8

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 8:
Finding the Probability of a
Simple Event
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher‘s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the skills in describing and calculating the probability of a simple
event. You are provided with varied activities to process the knowledge and skills
learned and to deepen and transfer your understanding of the lesson. The scope of
this module enables you to use it in many different learning situations. The lesson
is arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module contains lesson on finding the probability of a simple

event(M8GE-IVh-1).

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the probability of simple event,
2. calculate the probability of simple event, and
3. relate the concept of probability of simple event to real-life situations.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT
Directions: Answer each of the following items. Write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you call an event that can happen in a unique way?
A. Complementary Event C. Independent Event
B. Dependent Event D. Simple Event

2. The local weather forecaster said that there is 70% chance of rain tomorrow.
What is the probability that it will not rain tomorrow?
A. 0.3 B. 0.7 C. 30 D. 70

3. Rica‘s chance of winning a game is . What is the likelihood that Rica will
win the game?
A. certain B. impossible C. likely D. unlikely
BLUE

4. If the spinner at the right is spun once, what is the RED GREEN

probability that it will land on red?

YELLOW
A. B. C. D. 1

5. A committee has 4 female and 7 male members. If they randomly elect an

officer from among themselves, what is the probability that the elected officer
a female?

A. B. C. D.

6. What is the probability of getting a tail when a fair coin is tossed once?
A. B. C. D. 1

7. A fair die is rolled once. What is the probability of rolling a number that is not
0?
A. or 0 B. C. D. or 1

8. If one letter is chosen at random from the word UNCERTAINTY, what is the
probability that the letter chosen is a vowel?
A. B. C. D. 4

9. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Flipping a coin twice has 3 possible outcomes.
B. The true/false-type question has one possible outcome.
C. The probability of getting a 0 when a die is rolled is certain.
D. The probability of getting a club if you draw one card from standard deck
of 52 cards is .
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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
10. Alex asked his 40 classmates of their favorite snacks. These are the
responses of his classmates; 10 students chose banana cue; 12 chose
cassava cake and 18 chose pancakes. If one of his classmates is chosen at
random, what is the probability that the chosen classmate prefers cassava
cake?
A. B. C. D. 30

11. If you draw a card from the standard deck of 52 cards, what is the
probability of getting a heart or a number 7?
A. B. C. D.

12. The numbers 4 to 10 are written on separate pieces of paper, folded and
placed in a box. One number (piece of paper) is drawn from this box. What is
the probability that the number chosen is a composite number?
A. B. C. D.

13. There are 7 blue marbles, 12 red marbles, 15 green marble, and 2 black
marbles in a bag. Suppose you select 1 marble at random, what is the
probability that you get a red marble?
A. B. C. D. 14

14. Your bag contains 45 candies which include chocolate, strawberry and
durian flavors. The probability of getting a chocolate candy at random is .
How many strawberry candies and durian candies do you have?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 30

15. The blood type of a group of 200 people is distributed as follows: 50 have A
blood type, 65 have B blood type, 70 have O blood type and 15 have AB blood
type. If a person from this group is selected at random, which of the following
has the correct table of probabilities for all blood type?

A. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

Blood Type A B O AB
B. Probability

C. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

D. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 Lesson
Finding The Probability of a
1 Simple Event

Begin this module by assessing what you have learned on the counting
methods and techniques in an experiment.

What’s In

Directions: Read the situation carefully and answer the given questions below.

Every morning around 9:00 – 10:00 AM, Mrs. Reyes sells affordable
homemade snacks. Each serving contains food and drink. Foods consist of banana
cake (B) and pancake (P) while drinks consist of juice (J), hot chocolate (H), and
fresh milk (M).

Foods Drinks

Juice(J)

Banana Cake(B) Hot Chocolate(H)

Fresh Milk(M)

Juice(J)

Pan Cake(P) Hot Chocolate(H)

Fresh Milk(M)

Questions:

1. How many choices of foods are there?

2. How many choices of drinks are there?
3. What are the different possible servings Mrs. Reyes can offer to her
customers?
4. How many different possible servings are there in all?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What’s New

Activity 1: What is my Level of Certainty?

Directions: Study the figure below then identify whether each given statement is
impossible, unlikely, even chance, likely, or certain to happen.

Impossible Unlikely Even Chance Likely Certain

1. There is 50% chance that I will win the game.

2. The weather forecast gives 25 % chance of rain tomorrow.
3. The chance that Jay is chosen to represent his class in the Student Council is
0.6.
4. A week has 8 days.
5. There are 12 months this year.
6. The month of December has 31 days.
7. A 5 turning up in rolling a die once.
8. A tail facing up in tossing a coin once.
9. A pig flies.
10. Noel getting a score of 10 in a 25-item test.

Questions:

1. Which among the statements

a. are certain to happen?
b. have even chance to happen?
c. are impossible to happen?

2. How do you describe the certainty of an event?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What is It

In our daily life, we always make decisions even if we are not certain of the
outcomes. Most of the time, we are taking chances despite not knowing the
possible results or consequences. This certainty or uncertainty is what we call
probability.

Probability is the measure of likelihood or chance that an event will happen

or occur. For experiments where each outcome is equally likely to occur, it is the
ratio of the number of ways an event can occur to the number of all possible
outcomes. Experiment broadly refers to a situation that involves random results.
Experiment is any activity that can be done repeatedly whose results vary even
conditions are the same. Experiment has a well-defined set of possible outcomes,
known as the sample space. Some examples of experiments are rolling dice,
tossing coins, random selection using spinners, drawing a card from a shuffled
deck of cards, randomly choosing numbers, choosing a random letter from the
alphabet, and many more.

Looking back at the activity presented in the ―What‘s New‖ part of this
module, statements such as ―there is 50% chance that I will win the game; the
weather forecast gives 25 % chance of rain tomorrow; and the chance that Jay is
chosen to represent his class in the Student Council is 0.6, are few examples of
statements about probability.

Probabilities are written as fractions or decimals from 0 to 1 or as percent

from 0% to 100%. The higher an event‘s probability, the more likely that the event
is to happen.

Presented below is the probability line showing the probability of an event

followed by the probability rules.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
Probability Rules

1. If an event has a probability of 0, or 0%, then it will never happen or it is

impossible to happen.
Example: A 7 turning up in a rolling a die once.
It is impossible for 7 to turn up in rolling a die once because the only
numbers in the faces a die are 1, 2, 3, ,4, 5, and 6. Therefore, the probability
for 7 to turn up is zero, P(7) = = 0, Hence, the occurrence of 7 in rolling a
die once is an impossible event.
2. If an event has a probability of 0.5 or 50%, then the event has the same
chance or even chance to happen or not to happen.

Example: Winning in playing chess with your friend.

Usually, in playing a game, the player may either win or lose. So,
when you play chess with your friend, you have 50% chance of winning and
50% of losing the game. Therefore, P(win) = P(lose) = ½ = 50%. Hence, your
chance of winning or losing the game is an even event.

3. If an event has a probability of 1, or 100%, then the event is certain to

happen.
Example:
 If today is Monday, the probability that tomorrow is Tuesday is 1.
Therefore, the event that tomorrow will be a Tuesday if today is a
Monday is a certain event.
 If an employer chooses an employee at random from a group of 50
male employees, the probability that the chosen employee is a male is
1 since all the employees in the group are males. Hence, ( )
. Therefore, the event of choosing a male employee from a group
of male employees is a certain event.

4. The sum of the probabilities of all the outcomes of an experiment is 1.

Example: If you flip a fair coin once, there are two possible outcomes, a
head or a tail. The probability of getting a tail is and the probability of
getting a head is . Therefore, the sum of the probabilities of the outcomes
is 1.

Some types of Probability

1. Experimental Probability

It is based on the number of possible outcomes by the total number

of trials. When tossing a coin, the total possible outcomes are two, heads
and tails. The total number of trials is determined by the total times the
coin is flipped. If the coin is flipped 50 times and it lands on heads 28
times, then the experimental probability of head is 28/50.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 2. Theoretical Probability
It is an approach that bases the probability on the possible chances
of something to happen. For example, if you want to know the theoretical
probability that a die will land on a number ―3‖ when rolled, you must
determine how many possible outcomes there are. On a die, there are six
numbers that are equally likely to occur, offering six possibilities. To land
on a three, you have a one-in-six, or 1:6, chance of it landing on a ―3‖. So,
the P(3) = 1/6.

3. Subjective Probability

It is based on a person‘s own personal reasoning and judgment. It is

the probability that the outcome a person is expecting will actually occur.
There are no formal calculations for subjective probability but instead it is
based on a person‘s own knowledge and feelings. For example, during a
sport‘s game, a fan of one team may state that the team they are rooting for
will win. The person bases his decision on facts or opinions regarding the
game, the two teams and the likelihood of the team winning.

The focus of this module is the theoretical probability of simple event.

A simple event is one that can only happen in one way - in other words, it has a
single outcome. If we consider our previous example of tossing a coin: we get one
outcome that is a head or a tail.

An event can include several outcomes.

 Choosing a "King" from a deck of cards (any of the 4 Kings) is also an event.
 Rolling an "even number" in rolling a die once (2, 4 or 6) is an event.

Probability of simple event can be calculated using the formula

( ) ( )
,

( )
in symbol ( ) , where E is the event, n(E) is the number of
( )
favourable outcomes, while n(S) is the total number of possible outcomes of an
experiment or the total number of outcomes in the sample space. To find the
probability of an event to occur, first we should know the total number of possible
outcomes, and second is to know the number of times the event can occur. Then
use the formula. If the probability is expressed in fraction, it is desired to express it
in simplest form for the uniformity of answers.

Let's take a look at a few examples of probability of simple events.

Example 1- Probability in Experiment Involving Coin

If you flip a coin once, what is the probability of getting a head?
Solution:

When you flip a coin once, there are two possible outcomes, either a head
or a tail. So, to calculate the probability of getting a head, we use the formula
for getting the probability of simple events.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 ( )
( ) where: ( ) is the probability of the event (H).
( )
( ) is the number of getting a head.
( ) is the total number of possible outcomes.
( ) . So, the probability of getting a head in flipping a coin once is
.

Example 2 – Probability in Experiment Involving Spinner BLUE

RED GREEN
Given the spinner at the right, what is the probability that it
will land on blue if it is spun once? YELLOW

Solutions:

The spinner is divided into 4 congruent regions colored blue, green, yellow
and red. The number of favorable outcome that the spinner will land on color
blue is 1 out of 4. Using the formula;
( )
( ) , where: P(E) is the probability that it will land on blue (B).
( )
( ) is the number of landing on color blue.
( ) is the total number of regions in the spinner.
P(B) = . Therefore, the probability that it will land on blue is .

Example 3 - Probability in Experiment Involving Die

Given a standard die, find the probability of the following events when
rolling a die once:
a) getting a 4
b) getting an odd number
c) getting a 7
Solutions:
A fair die has 6 faces and contains the numbers 1, 2, 3 ,4 ,5 and
6. Therefore, our sample space has six elements because there are six possible
outcomes that could occur when we roll a die once.

a. The probability of getting a 4

There is only one desired outcome of “rolling 4” on a die and there are six
possible outcomes. Using the formula, we get,
P (4) = therefore the probability of getting a 4 in rolling a die once is .

b. The probability of getting an odd number

There are three odd numbers in a die (1, 3, 5) and there are six possible
outcomes. Using the formula, we get,

P(odd number) = = , therefore the probability of getting an odd

number in rolling a die once is .

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
c. The probability of getting a 7

Notice that there is no 7 since a die has only six faces containing the six
numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Hence, it is impossible to get a 7. In this case, the
probability of getting a 7 is zero. Using the formula, we get,
P(7) = = 0, therefore the probability of getting a 7 in rolling a die once is
0.

Example 4 – Probability in Experiment Involving Standard Deck of Cards

A card is drawn from a well-shuffled standard deck of 52 playing cards.
Find the probability of drawing:
a. the ‗2‘ of hearts
b. a red king
c. a club
d. a black face card
e. neither a heart nor a red king
Solution:
In a standard deck of 52 playing cards, there are 4 suits namely: spades
♠, hearts ♥, diamonds ♦, clubs ♣. Each suit has 13 cards such as ace, king,
queen, jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2. Spades and clubs are black cards.
Cards of hearts and diamonds are red cards. The face cards are King, Queen
and Jack. There are a total of 12 face cards in the deck of 52 playing cards.

a) The probability of drawing the „2‟ of hearts

There is only one ―2‖ of hearts in a deck of cards out of 52. Using the
formula, we get,
P(2 of ♥) = , therefore the probability of picking the ―2‖ of hearts from a
deck of cards is .

b) The probability of drawing a red king

There are only two “red kings” out of 52 cards, the king of heart and the
king of diamond. Hence, there are 2 favorable outcomes out of 52 possible
outcomes. Using the formula, we get,
P(king of red color) = = , therefore the probability of getting a red king
from a deck of cards is .

c) The probability of drawing a club

There are thirteen cards of club in a deck of cards which are the ace,
king, queen, jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 2. So, the number of favorable
outcomes is 13 out of 52. Using the formula, we get,
P(club) = = or 25% or 0.25. Therefore, the probability of getting a club
from a deck of cards is or 25%.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
d) The probability of drawing a black face card
The black cards are spades and clubs. In each of these suits (spade and
club), there are three face cards namely king, queen and jack. Hence, the total
number of black face cards is 6 out of 52 cards. Using the formula, we get,
P(black face card) = = , therefore the probability of drawing a black
face card from a deck of cards is .
e) neither a heart nor a red king
Only cards of hearts and diamonds are red in the deck of cards. There are
13 cards of heart including the king of heart. Additionally, there is only one
―red king‖ card that is not counted yet—the king of diamond. Hence, we have a
total of 14 cards which is a heart or a red king. Since these cards are the cards
which are NOT chosen, we can subtract this number from the total number of
cards in the deck. Hence, there are 52 – 14 = 38 choices of cards to be drawn.
So, the probability of picking neither a heart nor a red king is
P(E) = = , therefore the probability of drawing neither a heart nor a red
king in a deck of cards is

Example 5 - Probability in Experiments involving Marbles

In Ana‘s bag, there are 5 blue marbles, 4 red marbles, 1 green marble, and
2 black marbles. Suppose you draw 1 marble at random, calculate the
probability of:
a) drawing a black marble.
b) not drawing a green marble.
c) drawing a blue or a red marble.
Solution:

In the problem, there are 5 blue marbles, 4 red marbles, 1 green marble
and 2 black marbles, or a total of 12 marbles. Hence, there are 12 possible
outcomes when we draw 1 marble from Ana‘s bag.

a. The probability of getting a black marble

The number of favorable outcomes is 2 because there are 2 black marbles

out of 12. Using the formula, we get,
P(black) = = , therefore the probability of drawing a black marble is .

b. The probability of not getting a green marble

Note that there is only 1 green marble out of 12. Hence, the remaining
number of marbles that is not green is 11. Using the formula, we get,
P(not green) = , therefore the probability of getting a marble that is not
green is

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
c. The probability of getting a blue or a red marble
Note that there are 5 blue marbles and 4 red marbles. Hence it gives us 9
favorable outcomes for the two colors out of 12 possible outcomes. Using the
formula, we get,
P(blue or red) = = = , therefore the probability of getting a blue or
red marble is .

Example 6 - Probability involving Numbers

The numbers 1 to 12 are written separately on pieces of paper. Each paper is

folded and placed in a box. A piece of paper with a number is drawn from this box.
Find the probability of getting an
a. even number. b. an odd number divisible by 3.
Solution:

Possible outcomes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10,11 and 12. Therefore,

there are 12 elements of the sample space.

a. The probability of getting an even number

In the problem, the number of favorable outcomes is 6 because there are 6
even numbers such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12. To find the probability of getting
an even number, we use the formula
P(even number) = = , therefore the probability of getting an even number
is

b. The probability of getting an odd number divisible by 3

In the problem, the odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. Among these
numbers, only 3 and 9 are divisible by 3. It means that the total number of
favourable outcomes is 2 out of 12. Using the formula, we get,
P(odd number divisible by 3) = = , therefore the probability of getting
an odd number divisible by 3 is

Example 7 – Other Probability Problems involving simple events

a. In the word MATHEMATICS, what is the probability that the letter chosen is
a consonant if one letter is chosen at random?
Solution:

In the word MATHEMATICS, there are eleven letters and seven of which
are consonants. Using the formula, we get,
P(consonant) = , therefore the probability of choosing a consonant is .

b. Suppose that a fruit is chosen at random from a box containing 120 fruits
which are apples, oranges and mangoes. If the probability of getting an apple
at random is , how many oranges and mangoes are there in the box?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 Solution:
In the problem, the probability of getting an apple is . The total number
of fruits in the box is 120. So, of 120 is 30, hence there are 30 apples.
Subtracting 30 from 120, the result is 90. Therefore, there are 90 oranges
and mangoes in the box.

What’s More

Activity 1. Time to Judge!

Directions: Determine whether each of the following is an example of a simple event
or not. Put a check inside the box if it is.

Event Simple Not

Event
1. A perfect square number turning up in rolling a die once.
2. Choosing a vowel from the word ―HONESTY‖.
3. Getting 2 heads in flipping a coin twice.
4. Drawing a red ball from a bag containing 6 blue and 4 red balls.
5. Drawing a jack or an ace card from a deck of 52 cards

Question:
1. How do you describe simple events?
2. Is it difficult to determine an event if it is simple or not? Why?
3. What is your basis in determining whether an event is simple or
not?

Activity 2. Compute Me!

Directions: Read the given situation carefully and answer what is asked.

A. Given the spinner at the right, if it is spun once, compute the probability
that it will land on
1. a number 5
2. a number less than 8
3. an even number divisible by 4

B. From a standard deck of 52 playing cards, one card is drawn at random,

compute the probability of getting
1. an ace card
2. a non-face card
3. neither a spade nor a jack

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 C. Your bag contains 3 chocolate candies, 5 orange candies and 7 durian
candies. If one candy is drawn at random from the bag, find the probability of
getting:
1. Durian candy
2. Chocolate candy
3. Durian or Orange candy

Questions:
1. How did you compute the probability of an event?
2. What formula did you use?

Activity 3. Involve Me!

Philippines is facing a COVID-19 pandemic which prompted DepEd to

change their learning modalities to cater the students‘ need and safety as well. In
Pag-Asa National High School, teacher Angel is a grade 8 adviser. She conducted a
survey on on all of her 50 students regarding their most preferred learning
modalities on which the students can choose (a) Online learning; (b) Modular; (c)
Face to face; and (d) Blended learning. After the survey, the following results were
obtained:

Number of Grade 8
Learning Modalities
Students
Online learning 3
Modular 30
Face to face 7
Blended 10
Total

Questions:
1. How many grade 8 students answered the survey?
2. What is the least preferred learning modality? Most preferred?
3. If a student is chosen at random, what is the probability that he/she prefers
a) Online learning? b) Modular learning?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What I Have Learned

Directions: To summarize the things you have learned.

Define Probability

1. _________________________

Probabilities can be written in

2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________

Describe simple event.

5. ________________________

Examples of Simple Event

Formula to find Probability
6. __________________ of Simple Event
7. __________________
8. __________________ 10. __________________
9. __________________

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What I Can Do

Directions: You are ready now to apply what you have learned in finding the
probability of simple event. Read carefully and analyze the situation
below, then answer the questions that follow.
Hannah is a student and an online seller. She sells Personal Preventive
Equipment (PPE) like face mask (cloth), alcohol, and hand sanitizer to prevent the
spread of the COVID-19 virus. The table below shows the sold out product in a
week.

Product (PPE) Number of product

sold out in a week
Face mask (cloth) 45
Alcohol 15
Hand sanitizer 5
Total 60

Questions:

1. What is the probability that the purchased product is an alcohol?

2. What is the probability that the purchased product is a hand sanitizer?
3. What is the probability that the purchased product is a face mask?
4. What is the bestselling product?
5. If you are the seller, based on the information presented above, which
product will you prefer to sell? Why?

Assessment

Post-Assessment:
Directions: Answer each of the following items accurately. Write the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is referred to as the likelihood or chance that an event will happen or

occur?
A. Event B. Experiment C. Probability D. Outcome

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
2. There is chance of rain today. How is this probability written in decimal
form?
A. 0.007 B. 0.07 C. 0.7 D. 7.0

3. If the spinner at the right is spun once, what is the probability that it will
land not on B?
A. C. 3
B. D. 5

4. A module reproduction team has 9 male and 6 female members. If every

member is equally likely to be elected as the chairperson of the team, what is
the probability of electing a male?
A. B. C. D.

5. Which of the following spinner below has the probability of 0.25 that it will
land on black?
A. B. C. D.

6. Carlo is asked to choose a number from 1 to 20. What is the probability of

choosing a number that is divisible by 5?
A. 80% B. 60% C. 40% D. 20%

7. A fair die is rolled once. What is the probability that the number turning up is
not divisible by 3?
A. B. C. D.

8. Jessa asked her 30 classmates of their most favorite snack. The results were
10 students chose banana cue, 5 chose cassava cake, and 15 chose pan
cake. What is the probability that a chosen classmate prefers banana cue?
A. B. C. D. 1

9. Marie‘s pencil case contains 7 blue pencils, 8 yellow pencils and 3 red
pencils. If a pencil is randomly chosen from the case, what is the probability
of getting a blue or yellow?

A. B. C. D.

10. A large box contains 365 tickets, one for each day of an ordinary year.
Suppose one ticket is selected at random, what is the probability that the
selected day is in December?
A. B. C. D.

11. Drawing a card from a deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of picking
neither a heart nor an ace?
A. B. C. D. 35

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
12. Ben, Alex, Ric, and Mae are arguing on the probability of a 5 turning up in
rolling on a fair die once. Who among them is correct?

A. Ben C. Alex
Event: 5 Event: 5
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} S = {5}
P(5) = P(5) =

B. D.

Ric Mae
Event: 5 Event: 5
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
P(5) = P(5) =

13. Which of the following situations is most likely to happen?

A. Drawing a consonant from the letters of the word ―HARMONY‖.
B. All members of a graduating class to be valedictorians.
C. For an item in a True-False test to be false.
D. Rain to fall during the summer season.

14. Teacher Mae is a grade 9 adviser. She conducted a survey on the preferred
learning modalities which the students can choose from which are (a) Online
learning, (b) Modular, (c) face to face, and (d) blended learning. There were 50
students who responded in the survey. The probability that a randomly
chosen student prefers modular learning modality is . What does this mean?

A. There are 15 students in the class who prefer modular learning modality.
B. There are 30 students in the class who prefer modular learning modality.
C. Modular learning modality is the least preferred from among the options.
D. There are more students who prefer the other learning modalities.

15. Only Grade 10, 11, or 12 students can represent Manila High School in the
National Press Conference. Four out of the 5 slots have been filled. The
remaining slot is to be filled by a randomly chosen student from those grade
levels. If the ratio of the number of Grade 10 students to the total number
students in the said grade levels is 81:250, and the ratio of the number of
Grade 11 students to the total number students in the said grade levels is
20:50, from which grade level does the student to fill the fifth slot have the
greatest chance to be chosen?

A. Grade 10 C. Grade 12
B. Grade 11 D. All grades levels are equally likely.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 Additional Activities

Directions: In answering this, use a separate sheet of paper. Give a scenario or

situation wherein you can apply your knowledge about probability of
simple events in real life.

Scenario
Application
Reflection

Rubrics

4 3 2 1
Situation Complete, Complete and Complete and Incomplete
Organize and organize disorganize and
clear disorganized
Application concrete, concrete and concrete and Not concrete
realistic and realistic unrealistic and
clear unrealistic
Reflection Complete, Complete and Incomplete Learning not
clearly clearly and not clearly summarized
summarized summarized summarized
the lesson and the the
connected to lesson lesson
real life
learning

19
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
20
What‘s More What‘s In What I know
ACTIVITY 1 1. 2 1. D
. 1. Simple event 2. 3 2. A
2. Simple event 3. (B,J), (B,H), (B,M) 3. C
3. Not Simple event (P,J), (P,H), (P,M) 4. A
5. C
4. Simple event 4. 6
6. B
5. Not Simple event
7. D
8. B
ACTIVITY 2 What‘s New 9. D
A. 1. 2. 3. 10. B
1. even chance 11. C
2. unlikely 12. D
B. 1. 2. 3.
3. likely
13. A
4. impossible
C. 1. 2. 3. 14. D
5. certain
6. certain 15. D
7. unlikely
ACTIVITY 3
8. even chance
1. 50 9. impossible
2. Online learning, modular 10. unlikely
3.
What I Have Learned What Can I Do Additional Assessment
Activities
1. The chance that an event will 1. C
1. 1. students may
happen 2. C
2. fraction have varied 3. B
2.
3. decimal answers 4. A
4. percent 5. B
3 .
5. all possible outcomes are 6. D
equally likely to occur 4. Face mask 7. D
6. flipping a coin 5. face mask 8. A
7. tossing a die 9. B
8. drawing a card from a 10. C
standard deck of 52 cards 11. B
9. choosing a marble at random 12. A
𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 13. A
10. 𝑃 (𝐸)
𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
14. B
15. B
Answer Key
References
Emmanuel P. Abuzo et.al, Mathematics Learner‘s Module, (Book Media Press,
2013), 562-579.
Jennie M. Bennett et.al, Mathematics Course 1, (Holt, Rinehart and Winston,
2007), 668-681.

Website Links

http://www.algebra-class.com/examples-of-probability.html
https://sites.google.com/site/mathclc/graphs
https://probabilityformula.org/simple-events.html
https://www.math-only-math.com/playing-cards-probability.html

21
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
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