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External Faults: Power Supply Operating Conditions Installation Conditions

The document discusses various types of motor faults including external faults from power supply issues, overload states, installation conditions, and internal motor faults. It then lists some common measurements used to monitor motors such as temperature, voltage and current, insulation resistance, winding resistance, vibrations, speed, and dielectric loss angle. Finally, it discusses motor protection and coordination including short circuit protection using fuses or circuit breakers, overload protection using overload relays or PTC probes, and the functions of a load break switch or isolator and thermal relay.

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Contract 42154
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43 views10 pages

External Faults: Power Supply Operating Conditions Installation Conditions

The document discusses various types of motor faults including external faults from power supply issues, overload states, installation conditions, and internal motor faults. It then lists some common measurements used to monitor motors such as temperature, voltage and current, insulation resistance, winding resistance, vibrations, speed, and dielectric loss angle. Finally, it discusses motor protection and coordination including short circuit protection using fuses or circuit breakers, overload protection using overload relays or PTC probes, and the functions of a load break switch or isolator and thermal relay.

Uploaded by

Contract 42154
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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External

Faults

Operating Installation
Power Supply
conditions Conditions

Power Failure Overload states misalignment

Excessive no.
Inverted or
of starting and unbalance
unbalanced phases
braking

Abnormal
Voltage surge Stress on shaft
starting state

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 21


Statistical Data about Motor Faults

5% 10%
12%
Over Load
Moisture
18% 10%
Contamination
Aging
Single Phasing
10%
35% Bearing
Miscellaneous

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 22


Measurements used for motors

● The following are the measurements used for a motor:

- Temperature: thermocouple/resistance element/thermistors measure


temperatures of windings, bearing, etc.
- Voltage and current: using portable voltmeter, recording voltmeter,
ammeters- clamp type, CRO, etc.
- Insulation resistance: Meggers
- Winding resistance: Kelvin bridge, wheatstone bridge, resistance meters.
- Vibrations: Vibration metering, monitoring, and analyzing equipment
- Speed: Stroposcope, tachometer, etc.
- Dielectric loss angle: Tan-delta measurement

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 23


Motor Protection
and
Coordination

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 24


MOTOR PROTECTION
Types of faults
Faults due to
the power
supply

Faults due to
the load

Motor internal
faults

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 25


Associated functions to Motor Switching

Low voltage distribution

Isolation Isolate equipment from electrical supply

Disconnection Interrupt current through equipment

Short circuit protection Protect against human and material damages

Overload protection Protect motors against overload current effects

Switching ON / OFF loads

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 26


MOTOR PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

11. SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION.

A. FUSES

B. CIRCUIT BREAKERS.

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 27


MOTOR PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

2. OVERLOAD PROTECTION.

A. OVERLOAD RELAYS (thermal or electronic)

B. PTC THERMAL PROBES

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 28


The load break switch / isolator

● This device has disconnection and isolation capability

● Can be used safely « on load »

● It does not include any protection mechanism

● May be used as an emergency stop button (with yellow


cover and red handle)

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 29


The Thermal Relay

● Overload is the most common fault on machines

● Overload creates an increase in current drawn by the


load and leads to dangerous overheating of the load.
LRD Relay
● Overheating can affect the isolating materials and thus
the lifetime of the motor

● The relay is made of 3 bimetal elements, each being


surrounded by a heating coil carrying its phase current.

● As the motor draws current, the bimetal will bend and the
amount of bending is linked to the level of current

Schneider Electric - Customer Training Center – Amr Magdy 30

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