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HY POT ENU S E
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P Y T H A GOR E A N
 Define Pythagorean Theorem
 Prove the Pythagorean Theorem
 Show respect and cooperation in the group activity
 Help others who has difficulty in solving/proving Pythagorean Theorem
 Right Triangle – A triangle that includes
one right angle that’s usually marked
with the square ‘right-angle-symbol’ to
help you identify it.
 Hypotenuse – The longest side of a right
triangle; always the side that is opposite c
of the right angle. C
a
 Legs – The two sides of the triangle are
the ones that form the right angle. a and b
90 °
b
Group yourselves. Follow the steps to
understand the concept of the Pythagorean
Theorem.
You have 10 minutes for discussion
 A triangle whose sides have lengths of 3, 4 and 5:

 Form squares on each side of the triangle. Side a is 3 squares long, side b is 4 squares
long, and side c is 5 squares long.
 Now, “square” each side: Side a has a 3 by 3 group of squares and so on.
 Count up the squares associated with side a. Do the same with side b and side c.
 Side a: ____________ squares
 Side b : _____________squares
 Side c: ________________squares

1. Do you notice the relationship between these numbers? __________

2. Add side a and side b. ____________
3. Compare the sum of side a and side b to side c.______________
4. From item 3, what do you find?_________________
5. What mathematical statement / formula can you form out from the activity? ____________
 52
42
32

+ =
52 52

=
 In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
of the legs.

c2- b2
 The
Pythagorean
Theorem, which
is mine and About 2,500 years ago, a
invented by me, Greek mathematician
is an original
idea of mine. named Pythagoras
discovered a special
relationship between
If someone tells
you that some silly the sides of the right
Babylonian
thought of it first, triangles.
you tell him to
shave off!

But don’t
forget I did it
… by the way, you can
first.
discover it yourself.
 Being able to find the
length of a side, given
the lengths of the two
other sides makes the
Pythagorean Theorem a
useful technique for

construction and
navigation.
 Given two straight lines, the
Pythagorean Theorem allows you to
calculate the length of the diagonal
connecting them. This application is
frequently used in architecture,
woodworking, or other physical
construction projects. For instance,
say you are building a sloped roof. If
you know the height of the roof and
the length for it to cover, you can use
the Pythagorean Theorem to find the
diagonal length of the roof's slope.
You can use this information to cut
properly sized beams to support the
roof, or calculate the area of the roof
that you would need to shingle.
 The Pythagorean Theorem is also used
in construction to make sure buildings
are square. A triangle whose side
lengths correspond with the
Pythagorean Theorem – such as a 3 foot
by 4 foot by 5 foot triangle – will always
be a right triangle. When laying out a
foundation, or constructing a square
corner between two walls, construction
workers will set out a triangle from three
strings that correspond with these
lengths. If the string lengths were
measured correctly, the corner opposite
the triangle's hypotenuse will be a right
angle, so the builders will know they are
constructing their walls or foundations
on the right lines.
 The Pythagorean Theorem is useful for two-
dimensional navigation. You can use it and two
lengths to find the shortest distance. For
instance, if you are at sea and navigating to a
point that is 300 miles north and 400 miles west,
you can use the theorem to find the distance
from your ship to that point and calculate how
many degrees to the west of north you would
need to follow to reach that point. The distances
north and west will be the two legs of the
triangle, and the shortest line connecting them
will be the diagonal. The same principles can
be used for air navigation. For instance, a plane
can use its height above the ground and its
distance from the destination airport to find the
correct place to begin a descent to that airport.
 Surveying is the process by which
cartographers calculate the numerical
distances and heights between different points
before creating a map. Because terrain is often
uneven, surveyors must find ways to take
measurements of distance in a systematic way.
The Pythagorean Theorem is used to calculate
the steepness of slopes of hills or mountains. A
surveyor looks through a telescope toward a
measuring stick a fixed distance away, so that
the telescope's line of sight and the measuring
stick form a right angle. Since the surveyor
knows both the height of the measuring stick
and the horizontal distance of the stick from the
telescope, he can then use the theorem to find
the length of the slope that covers that distance,
and from that length, determine how steep it is.
 c
5

12

a2 + b2 = c 2 169= c2

√169= √ c 2
52 + 122 = c2
13 = c
25 + 144 = c2
 In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
of the legs.

c2- b2
 Answer the following problems using the Pythagorean relation for 8 minutes.
 Connect your ideas and ways in solving the problems with your partner.
 Share it to the class when your name is randomly called!
 a=2 and b=3, find the length of c.
 b= 15 and c=25, what is a?
 If a foot of 10-meter ladder is placed 6 meters away from a building, how high up
the building will the ladder reach?
 Bert rides his bike 9 km south and then 12 km east. How far is he from his starting
point?
1. 22 + 32 = c2 3. 62 + b2 = 102
4+9 = c2 b2 = 100-36
c2 =√ 13 √b2 =√ 64
c = √13 b= 8

2. a2 + 152 = 252 4. 92 + 122 = c2

a2 = 625-225 81 + 144 = c2
√a2 =√ 400 √225 =√ c2
a = 20 c=15
I. Answer the following in your quiz notebook for 10 minutes SILENTLY.
 Complete the table. Use the Pythagorean relation upon finding the missing lengths
of the triangle
A B C
5 8 (1.)
6 (2.) 12
10 5 (3.)
25 10 (4.)
(5. ) 14 15

II. Show your solution.

 Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 150 m and the diagonal is 170 m.
I. Answer the following in your quiz notebook for 10 minutes SILENTLY.
 Complete the table. Use the Pythagorean relation upon finding the missing lengths
of the triangle
A B C
5 8 (1.) √89
6 (2.)6√3 12
10 5 (3.)5√5
25 10 (4.)5√29
(5. ) √29 14 15

II. Show your solution.

 Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 150 m and the diagonal is 170
m.
 Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is
150 m and the diagonal is 170 m.

a2 = 1702 - 1502
a2 = 28900 -22500
√ a2 =√6400
a=80

P =2L+2W
P=2(150)+2(80)
P=300+160
P=460
A. A soccer field is a rectangle 100 meters wide and 130 meters long. The coach
asks players to run from one corner to the other corner diagonally across. What
is the distance?
B. The size of a TV screen is given by the length of its diagonal. If the dimension of a
TV screen is 16 inches by 14 inches, what is the size of the TV screen?