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PRACTICAL

RESEARCH

Kinds of
Qualitative
Research
Phenomenology
- it is the study of how people give meaning to
their experiences, like the death of loved ones,
care for the people, and friendliness of the
people.

Ethnography

- it is understanding of how a particular


cultural group goes about their daily lives
which includes their organizational set-up,
internal operations, and lifestyle.
Grounded theory
-this occurs when a researcher discovers a
new theory based on the data collected. It
is a research methodology for discovering
theory in a substantive area.

Case study

-this study involves an investigation of a


person, group, organization, or situation
for a long period of time to explain why
such things occur to the subject under
study.
Content and Discourse Analysis
-this method requires the examination or
analysis of the substance or content of the
communication that takes place.

Historical Analysis

-this is the study of primary documents to


explain the connection of past events to the
present time. An example of this is explaining
the happenings during the Marcos regime.
Characteristics of
Qualitative
Research
1. Qualitative research takes place in a natural
setting like home, school, institution, or
community. Researchers gain actual experiences
of the research participants.
2. It focuses on participants’ perceptions and
experiences (Franenkel and Wallen, 1988 in
Creswell, 2013)

3. Researchers are sensitive to participants’ needs


and participants are actively engaged in the
process.
4. Data are collected through observation,
interviews, documents, e-mails, blogs, videos,
etc.
5. It may result in changes in research questions
after new discoveries occur.
6. It develops from a specific to a general
understanding of concepts.
7. It is a process of describing a situation, analyzing

data for themes or categories, and making


interpretations or drawing conclusions.
8. It may be subjected to the researcher’s personal
interpretation.
9. The researchers, as a primary instrument in data
collection, view social phenomena and situations
holistically.
Strengths of
Qualitative
Research
1. Issues can be analyzed through detailed and

deep examination.

2. Interviews are not being delimited to specific

questions and can be guided/redirected by the

researcher along the process.

3. The research framework and direction can be

easily revised as new information emerges.


4. The obtained data from human experience is

powerful and sometimes more interesting than

quantitative data.

5. Data usually are collected from a few cases or

individuals so findings cannot be generalized to a

larger population. Findings can however be

transferable to another setting.


Weaknesses of
Qualitative
Research
1. Research quality is heavily dependent on the

researcher’s skills and may be influenced by the

researcher's outlooks.

2. The volume of data makes analysis and

interpretation time-consuming.

3. It is sometimes hard to prove.


4. The researcher's presence during data
gathering, which is often unavoidable in
qualitative research, can affect the subjects'
attitudes towards the process.
5. Issues of anonymity and confidentiality can
bring/result in problems when presenting
findings.
6. Findings can be more difficult and take time
to visualize.
Resource Page
Baraceros, Esther L. 2016. Practical Research 1. First Edition. Sampaloc,
Metro Manila: Rex Book Store
Naval, Victoria C. et.al. 2017. Practical Research for Senior High School.
Cubao, Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing House

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