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Sec 2 Math Revision

Example 1 (Congruency and Similarly)

In the diagram, ABC is congruent to BDE . Given that DE = 6 cm, AB = 8 cm and

BAC  35  . Find
(a) BD,
(b) BED ,
(c) the area of ABC .

35
E

8 cm
F
6 cm

B
C D

(a) BD = AB = 8 cm

(b) DBE = BAC = 35

BED = 180  90  35  55

(c) BC = DE = 6 cm
1
 6  8  24 cm2
2

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Example 2 (Pythagoras Theorem)

The figure below shows two right-angled triangles. Given that PQ = x cm, PR = ( x + 8) cm,
QR = ( x + 4) cm and SQ = 5 cm,

x (x + 8)

5 (x + 4)
S Q R

(a) using triangle PQR, form an equation in x and solve it.

(b) find the length of PS.

(a) By Pythagoras Theorem,

( x  8)2  x 2  ( x  4)2
x2 16x  64  x2  x2  8x 16
x2  8x  48  0
( x 12)( x  4)  0
x  12 or x  4 (rejected)

(b) By Pythagoras Theorem,

PS 2  122  52
PS 2  169
PS  13 cm

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Example 3 (Trigonometry)
o
In the triangle ABC, ABC = 90 . The point D on BC is such that AD bisects BAC.
If AB = 6 cm and AC = 10 cm, calculate
(a) ADB
(b) the length of AD, A
(c) the length of CD.

6 cm 10 cm

o
x
B C
D

6
(a) cos(BAC ) 
10
6
BAC  cos1 ( )  53.13
10
BAD  53.13  2  26.57
ADB  180  90  26.57  63.43
 63.4

6
(b) sin(63.43) 
AD
6
AD 
sin(63.43)
 6.71 cm

(c) By Pythagoras Theorem,

BC 2  102  62
BC 2  64
BC  8 cm
6
tan(63.43) 
BD
6
BD 
tan(63.43)
 3.00 cm
CD = 8 – 3.00 = 5.00 cm

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Example 4 (Mensuration)

A cone is cut from a solid hemisphere of diameter 30 cm such that O becomes the centre of
1
the two bases. The diameter of the base of the cone is found to be that of the hemisphere’s.
3
Find
a) the radius of the cone,
b) the slanted height of the pyramid,
c) the volume of the remaining solid,
d) the total surface area of the remaining solid.

30
cm

(a) 30 ÷ 3 ÷ 2 = 5 cm

(b) Let the slanted height be x

x2  152  52
x  15.81
 15.8 cm
2 1
(c)  (15)3   (5)2 (15)
3 3

= 6675.88
 6680 cm3

(d) 2 (15) 2  1413

 15    5   628.3
2 2

 (5)(15.81)  248.3
1413 + 628.3 + 248.3 = 2289.6
 2290 cm2

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Question 1

In the diagram below, ABC is congruent to PQR . AC = 10 cm, QR = 12.5 cm,

CR = 2 cm, ACB  23  and PQR  50 . Find the value of x, y and z.

Question 2

In the diagram, ABC is similar to EBD . AD = 7 cm, DB = 2 cm, BE = EC = 3 cm

and AC = 12 cm. BDE  47 and BAC  29 .

29o
7 cm

2 cm 12 cm
47o
B

3 cm
E
3 cm
C

(a) Find ABC .

(b) Calculate the length of DE.

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Question 3
ABC is a triangular plot of land in which ACˆ B is a right angle. The length of AB is
(2 x  1) m , the length of AC is ( x  1) m and the length of BC is (2x  5) m .

2x  1
x 1

C 2x  5 B

(a) Using Pythagoras Theorem, form an equation involving x and show that it reduces to
x 2  26x  25  0.
(b) Solve x 2  26x  25  0.
(c) Calculate the area of the triangular plot ABC.

Question 4
ABCD is a rectangle in which CD = 12 cm and AD = 6 cm. P is a point on AB such that
AP = 8 cm and CQ is perpendicular to DP

8 cm P
A B
Q

6 cm

D C
12 cm

Calculate
(a) DP,
(b) the area of triangle PDC,
(c) CQ.

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Question 5
At a point A on the level ground, Natasha looked up to the top of a vertical mast T
positioned at point B.

(a) Given that AT = 8 m and BAT  40  , calculate the height of the mast BT.
(b) Natasha moved to another point C and looked up to the top of the mast. Given that
ATC  90 , calculate the distance
(i) TC.
(ii) BC.

Question 6
T

68 
17 m
11 m S
3m

P Q R

At an adventure camp, the students tried the zip line where they slid from the tower, TQ to
the steps, SR hanging from the cable TS. P, Q and R are three points lying on the horizontal
ground. TQ is 11 m, SR is 3 m, TP is 17 m and
QTS is 68 . Calculate
(a) TPQ ,
(b) PQ,
(c) TS.

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Question 7

A, B and C are three points lying in a horizontal straight line. BT is a vertical flagpole.
TA and TC are supporting wires. TA  12 m , TB  7 m , and BTC  72 . Calculate
(a) TAB
(b) AB,
(c) TC.

Question 8
A model consists of a solid hemisphere attached to a solid cylinder is shown in
Diagram 1. The height of the cylinder is 26 cm and the base area is 198 cm2.

26 cm

Diagram 1

(a) Find the radius of the base.

(b) The model in diagram 1 is full of water. Calculate the amount of water in the model
in litres, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(c) If the water drains from the model at a constant rate of 0.05 litres per second,
calculate the time taken to empty the water in the model, in mintues and seconds.
(d) Part of the cylinder in the shape of a right circular cone is removed as shown in
Diagram 2.

26 cm
Removed

Diagram 2

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Given that the volume of the cone removed from the model is 630 cm3, calculate the
height of the cone.
(e) Calculate the total surface area of the remaining model as shown in Diagram 2.

Question 9
The diagram shows a solid formed by joining together a hemisphere and a cone with base
radius 6 m. The height of the cone is 8 m.

6m

h
8m
l

(a) Calculate h, the total height of the solid.

(b) Show that the slant height, l, of the cone is 10 m.
(c) Calculate the total volume of the solid, leaving your answer correct to 2 decimal
places.

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Question 10
A open cylindrical container has a hollow in the shape of a cone. The height of the
cylinder is 1.4 m and the radius of the circular base is 0.6 m.

0.6 m

1.4 m
lm

(a) Prove that the length of the cone, l is 1.52 m.

(b) Calculate the total surface area of the container when it is empty.
(c) Cement is added into the container until it is full. Find the amount of cement in the
container.
Cement is poured into the pyramid mould below to form solid square pyramids of height
0.5 m and side 0.4 m.

0.5 m

0.4 m

(d) Find the volume of a pyramid mould.

(e) Find the maximum number of pyramids formed.

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