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Semantics Group4

This document provides an introduction to semantics from a presentation by Group 4. It begins with definitions of semantics and its importance in language understanding. It then outlines the main topics to be covered: 1) introduction to semantics, 2) the scope of semantics, 3) types of meaning, and 4) semantic categories. The scope of semantics involves the relationship between semantics and syntax, how meaning is constructed, and how meaning is organized. There are several types of meaning including denotative, connotative, social, affective, and thematic. Semantic categories include formal semantics, conceptual semantics, and the lexical relations of synonymy, antonymy, and collocation.

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Rizki Firda
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46 views15 pages

Semantics Group4

This document provides an introduction to semantics from a presentation by Group 4. It begins with definitions of semantics and its importance in language understanding. It then outlines the main topics to be covered: 1) introduction to semantics, 2) the scope of semantics, 3) types of meaning, and 4) semantic categories. The scope of semantics involves the relationship between semantics and syntax, how meaning is constructed, and how meaning is organized. There are several types of meaning including denotative, connotative, social, affective, and thematic. Semantic categories include formal semantics, conceptual semantics, and the lexical relations of synonymy, antonymy, and collocation.

Uploaded by

Rizki Firda
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© © All Rights Reserved
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INTRODUCTION TO

LINGUISTICS
SEMANTICS

A Presentation by Group 4
GROUP MEMBERS

1. HONEY RISMA SAPUTRI


J1E022002
2. SHIFA ULLINAFI N.
J1E022017
3. MUHAMMAD FARIS ZUHAIR
J1E022029
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREVIEW OF TOPICS TO BE COVERED

1. INTRODUCTION TO SEMANTICS
2. THE SCOPE OF SEMANTICS
3. TYPES OF MEANING
4. SEMANTIC CATEGORY
5. CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION TO SEMANTICS
Definition of Semantics:
• Semantics is the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of
meaning in language. It deals with how words and phrases acquire
meaning, how meaning is conveyed through sentence structure, and
how context affects meaning.
• Semantics is concerned with the relationship between words and
their referents in the real world. In addition, Semantics is
concerned with how meaning is created and interpreted in
conversation, discourse, and other forms of communication.
Importance of Semantics in language understanding and
communication:
• It helps us to understand the meaning of words and phrases and how
they are used in different contexts.
• It enables us to convey meaning effectively in our own communication.
• Semantics is important in cross-cultural communication, as it helps us
to understand how different cultures may use language differently and
how meaning can be affected by cultural factors.
• Semantics is important in language learning, as it helps learners to
understand the meaning of new words and how they are used in
different contexts.
THE SCOPE OF SEMANTICS

Semantics is the study of meaning in language. It focuses on


understanding how words and sentences convey meaning and how
people interpret that meaning. The scope of semantics is quite
broad and involves many different aspects of language.
• One aspect of the scope of semantics is the relationship
between semantics and syntax. Syntax refers to the rules that
govern how words are combined to form sentences. Semantics,
on the other hand, focuses on the meaning of those sentences.
• Another aspect of the scope of semantics is the study of
how meaning is constructed in language. This includes
understanding the different types of meaning that exist in
language. There are several types of meaning, including denotative
(literal) meaning, connotative (associative) meaning, figurative
(metaphorical) meaning, etc.
• The scope of semantics also involves understanding how meaning is
organized in language. This includes the study of semantic
categories, which are groups of words that share similar meanings.
TYPES OF MEANING IN SEMANTIC
1. CONCEPTUAL MEANING
It refers to the dictionary meaning which
indicates the concepts. In reading we can find
many different words have the same conceptual
meanings.
EX: MOVE FORWARD = WALK
2. CONNOTATIVE MEANING
It refers to the associations that are connected
to a certain word or the emotional suggestions
related to that word.
EX: SNAKE = CRIME = DANGER
3. SOCIAL MEANING
It refers to the usage of language in and by society which
has big proportions in determining the meaning that certain
speaker has to use and wants to convey, those factors
include social class of the speaker and hearer and the degree
of formality. Ex: Greeting to be friendly and polite
4. AFFECTIVE MEANING
What is communicated of the feeling and attitudes of the
speaker/writer. It refers to the speaker’s feeling/attitude
towards the content or the ongoing context.
Ex: Refers to feelings and attitudes
5. REFLECTED MEANING
7. THEMATIC MEANING
It refers to terms which have more than
It relates to or constitutes a
one meaning surfaces at the same time,
topic of discourse, the meaning
so there is a kind of ambiguity.
that the word conveys is that
Ex: Chronic = Bad
of something that is connected
6. COLLOCATIVE MEANING
with the theme of something.
It is that part of the word-meaning
Ex: We remind you once again
suggested by the words that go before
that registration for seminar
or come after a word in question. Ex:
participants will be closed this
heavy news (a piece of sad news); heavy
afternoon.
schedule (a very tight schedule)
SEMANTIC CATEGORY
1. FORMAL SEMANTICS
This type of semantics applies techniques in mathematics, then
philosophy, and also logic to be able to analyze the relationship of
language, then reality, then truth, and also chance, in a much
wider scope.
2. SEMANTICS
This semantics dissects words and phrases in a text to
understand the context of the entire text, includes understanding
verbs, nouns, adjectives, prefixes, suffixes or idioms.
THE TYPES OF LEXICAL RELATIONS:
• Synonymy
Synonyms are two or more forms with very closely related meanings,
which are often, but not always, intersubstitutable in sentences.
• Antonymy
Two forms with opposite meanings are called antonyms.
• Homophones
When two or more different written have the same
pronunciation.
• Homonyms
Homonyms are words which have quite separate meanings, but
which have accidentally come to have exactly the same form. For
example:
bank (of a river) bank (financial institution).
• Polsemy
If a word has multiple meanings, that is called polysemic.
• Mentonymy
There is another type of relationship between words based simply
on a cose connection in everyday experience.
• Collocation
Frequently occurring together is known as collocation. Words tend to
occur with other words.

3. CONCEPTUAL SEMANTICS
Conceptual semantics is all about the dictionary definition of a word
before any context is applied. For Example: At its most basic we know a
cougar to be a large wild cat. but, the word cougar has also come to
indicate an older woman who's dating a younger man.

THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

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