REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
DIVISION OF CABADBARAN CITY

NORTHERN MINDANAO COLLEGES, INC.

Atega Street, Barangay 11 Poblacion, Cabadbaran City
8605 Agusan del Norte, Region XIII
NON-SECTARIAN

QUARTER 2
WEEK 1-2
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING (CSS)
MODULE

Applying 5s on your computer

You work with documents, presentations, graphics, and other files all day—and chances are, you have a
lot of them. And that means it takes time to find the documents you need. Even if it is just a couple of
minutes here, and a couple of minutes there, it all adds up.
But there is a better way to stop the file clutter—by managing your files more effectively. Digital files are
no different than paper files, and if you don't have a good method of organization, things get lost.
Whether you save your files in your computer's hard drive or a shared network location, this course will
help you save time and headache of searching for files .The purpose of this instruction is to help you
apply 5S concepts to the hard drive of your computer resulting in an increase to your daily productivity,
better organization of your computer, and further compliance with the Office 5S initiative. We will cover
the following topics as they relate to your hard drive: 5S provides the foundation for all quality
improvement programs. Thus, it is often said that the road to productivity starts with 5S and through 5S
you can create a highly productive company with highly productive people. 5S is not only a matter of
good housekeeping. It is a process to create more productive people and more productive companies
through motivation, education, and the practice of 5S. It involves the creation of a strong corporate
culture filled with the spirit filled with the spirit of high productivity.
1. Seiri Sorting/Putting things in order (Remove/discard what is not needed so that there are fewer
hazards and less clutter to interfere with work. Only keep what is needed.)
2. Seiton Orderliness/Proper Arrangement (Place things in such a way that they can be easily reached
whenever they are needed. "There must be a place for everything, and everything must be in its place.")
3. Seiso Clean/cleanliness. (Keep workplace and things clean and polished; no trash or dirt in the
workplace)
4. Seiketsu Standardize/Purity (Maintain cleanliness after cleaning, consistently- perpetual cleaning.
Such cleaning is part of every one's work.)
5. Shitsuke Sustaining/discipline/commitment (Maintain standards and keep the facility in safe and
efficient order day after day, year after year.)

You may have seen even worse. Keeping your desktop so cluttered like this creates many problems such
as:
It is difficult to find what you’re looking for.
Files, folders, and application shortcuts are grouped together without any logical separation.
You don’t know immediately where to place new files (downloaded files, attachments,
temporary working documents, etc)
When the desktop gets too full, you waste time cleaning temporary/downloaded files.
If you are only backing up My Documents, items on the Desktop may be skipped.
If you are migrating to a different computer or keeping multiple computers synchronized, the
Desktop folder is often missed.

What can you say about the desktop illustrated?

How can you make sure that the above problems will not be encountered? Consider setting up your
files in the tree structure format. A tree structure is an algorithm for placing and locating files in an
organized database. The algorithm finds data by repeatedly making choices at decision points called
nodes. A node can have as few as two branches (also called children), or as many as several dozen.
In a tree, records are stored in locations called leaves. This name derives from the fact that records
always exist at end points; there is nothing beyond them. The folder names do not necessarily tell the
user what is inside them, making it difficult for yourself and others to find. Also, the folders that are
inside don’t necessarily belong there or fit with the other files. Sort – it’s the best thing that you can do.
Tired of icon clutter on your desktop? Sure, you can organize your desktop shortcuts, programs, folders,
and the like by dragging and dropping, but eventually some game or other screen resolution-changing
app will undo all your hard work.
Make Yourself a Desktop Cleaner
Your desktop is the first thing you see when you start your computer. This should be the most organized
part of your electronic workspace. But what if your desktop looks like this? What will be the impressions
of your classmates?

The Desktop offers many features that make using your computer easier. You can easily start programs
or applications, copy and move files from one place to another and drag and drop files and program
where you want them on the computer or even on to a program's icon to open a file.
Manage Your Own Desktop
Numerous studies have shown that your environment affects your productivity, and that even
something as simple as color can influence your memory or creativity. Since most of our work now is
done in the digital realm, it stands to reason that your desktop environment can play an important role
in your productivity.
Your computer's desktop is a starting point for your entire computing experience, but—like anything
else if you let it get ugly and messy your productivity will take a dive. Here's how to design and create an
attractive desktop with built-in organization to keep your workspace nice, clean, and productive with
minimal effort.

Computer Workstation Ergonomics

There are various health problems associated with the regular use of computers, such as stress,
eyestrain, and injuries to the wrists, neck, and back.
Employers must take steps to protect employees whose work involves the regular use of computers.
Computer ergonomics is the discipline of matching the task to the worker using the most appropriate
equipment to optimize human well-being and overall performance. This can be simplified to ―Modify
the workplace, not the individual".
Work surface height
Adjust the height of the work surface and/or the height of the chair so that the work surface allows your
elbows to be bent at 90 degrees, forearms parallel with the floor, wrist straight, shoulders relaxed.
Chair
Adjust the seat tilt so that you are comfortable when you are working on the keyboard. Usually, this will
be close to horizontal but some people prefer the seat tilted slightly forwards. Your knees should be
bent at a comfortable angle and greater than 90 degrees flexion. If this places an uncomfortable strain
on the leg muscles or if the feet do not reach the floor then a footrest should be used. The footrest
height must allow your knees to be bent at 90 degrees. Therefore the height of the footrest may need to
be adjustable. Adjust the backrest so that it supports the lower back when you are sitting upright.
Keyboard placement
Place the keyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the horizontal and the wrists to
be straight. That is, with the hand in line with the forearm. If this causes the elbows to be held far out
from the side of the body then re-check the work surface height. Some people prefer to have their
wrists supported on a wrist desk or the desk. Be careful not to have the wrist extended or bent in an up
position.
Screen placement
Set the eye to screen at the distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen. Usually, this
will be within an arm's length. Set the height of the monitor so that the top of the screen is below eye
level and the bottom of the screen can be read without a marked inclination of the head. Usually, this
means that the center of the screen will need to be near shoulder height. Eyes must be level with the
tool bar. People who wear bifocal or multi-focal lenses will need to get a balance between where they
see out of their lenses and avoid too much neck flexion.
Desk-top layout
Place all controls and task materials within a comfortable reach of both hands so that there is no
unnecessary twisting of any part of the body. Most people prefer the document holder to be between
the keyboard and the monitor. There are many different types of document holders available.

Document holder
Place this close to the monitor screen in the position that causes the least twisting or inclination of the
head.
Posture and environment
Change posture at frequent intervals to minimize fatigue. Avoid awkward postures at the extremes of
the joint range, especially the wrists. Take frequent short rest breaks rather than infrequent longer ones.
Avoid sharp increases in work rate. Changes should be gradual enough to ensure that the workload does
not result in excessive fatigue. After prolonged absences from work the overall duration of periods of
keyboard work should be increased gradually if conditions permit
Lighting
Place the monitor to the side of the light source/s, not directly underneath. Try to site desks between
rows of lights. If the lighting is fluorescent strip lighting, the sides of the desks should be parallel with the
lights. Try not to put the screen near a window. If it is unavoidable, ensure that neither the screen nor
the operator faces the window. The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least
75hz.
If the monitor is well away from windows, there are no other sources of bright light and prolonged desk-
work is the norm, use a low level of service light of 300 lux. If there are strongly contrasting light levels,
then a moderate level of lighting of 400 - 500 lux may be desirable.
Glare and reflection
It is important to detect the presence of glare and reflection. To determine whether there is glare from
overhead lights whilst seated worker should hold an object such as a book above the eyes at eyebrow
level and establish whether the screen image becomes clearer in the absence of overhead glare. To
detect whether there are reflections from the desk surface, the worker should hold the book above the
surface and assess the change in reflected glare from the screen.
Using a mouse
A well designed mouse should not cause undue pressure on the wrist and forearm muscles. A large
bulky mouse may keep the wrist continuously bent at an uncomfortable angle. Pressure can be reduced
by releasing the mouse at frequent intervals, by selecting a slim-line, low-profile mouse. Keep the
mouse as close as possible to the keyboard, elbow bent and close to the body.
Posture during Keying
Good posture is essential for all users of computers. It comprises of a natural and relaxed position,
providing opportunity for movement, and from which the operator can assume a number of alternative
positions. It is not a single, rigidly defined position.
Typing technique
Typing is a physical activity, and using a keyboard requires skill, hence the need to learn correct typing
technique. Unskilled ('hunt and peck') typists are particularly at risk of Occupational Overuse Injury
because they:
often use only one or two fingers which may overload the finger tendons;  are constantly looking from
keyboard to screen to keyboard, which may strain neck muscles; often adopt a tense posture (wrists
bent back and fingers 'poised to strike').
Speed of keying
The efficiency and speed of modern computers makes it possible for a skilled operator to type extremely
quickly. This capability, reinforced by workload pressures means the potential exists for operators to key
at speeds which may cause or contribute to Occupational Overuse Syndrome.
The role of the repetitive movement in injury is not fully understood, but is believed to interfere with
the lubrication capacity of tendons, and the ability of muscles to receive sufficient oxygen supplies.
10,000 - 12,000 keystrokes per hour is considered an acceptable standard.
Length of time on the keyboard
The maintenance of a fixed posture for long periods is tiring and increases the likelihood of muscular
aches and pains. In addition, long periods of repetitive movement and sustained visual attention can
also give rise to fatigue-related complaints.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
Computers –Ergonomic Guidelines
Viewing distance: The monitor should be 2 –2½ feet from the child’s eyes.
Time at computer: Encourage children to use their physical energy.
Seat and height posture: The child should sit high enough to have his arms bent at 90°
Footrest: Use it prevent dangling feet.
Mouse: Find one that fits small hands.
Keyboard: Child-sized keyboards with light pressure keying are recommended.