Expt24 PDF
Expt24 PDF
Expt24 PDF
EXPERIMENT 3
THE BUNSEN BURNER
The Bunsen burner is the most common source of heat or flame in the chemistry laboratory.
Natural gas enters the burner near the base, rises through a barrel, mixes with air, and burns.
By proper adjustments the most efficient flame can be obtained.
Objectives:
To manipulate and recognize the use of Bunsen burner.
To detect the different parts of the Bunsen burner.
To determine the types of flames produced by the Bunsen burner.
For safety:
1. Wear PPE when working in the laboratory.
2. When using a Bunsen burner:
Restrict long hair and loose clothing.
Never leave a burner unattended.
Do not reach over the burner.
Make sure no flammables are near the burner.
3. When heating test tubes:
Do not point the open end toward any person.
Do not heat the bottom of the test tube.
Procedure:
Setting the flame
1. Ensure that the hose is tightly attached to the burner and gas outlet.
2. Turn on the gas and light the burner.
3. Adjust the height of lame by turning the needle valve.
4. The flame color can be adjusted by turning the barrel (or opening the air vents).
a. If the flame is a yellow color, it is not getting enough air. Use the barrel and air ports
to adjust it until it is completely blue and shows an inner cone.
Too much air will cause the flame to be noisy and possibly blow out.
b. If the flame is blue without the inner cone, adjust the barrel or air ports until an inner
cone is visible.
2. Using a thermometer measure the temperature of the water in the beaker. Once the
temperature reaches 75° C turn off the gas and let beaker cool.
EXERCISE 3.1
1. Describe the flame when there is NOT enough oxygen present (valve closed)?
2. What are the advantages of using a blue flame instead of a yellow one for heating objects in
the laboratory?
3. Where is the hottest part of the blue flame?
4. When heating a substance over a Bunsen burner, where will the object be placed for most
efficient heating?
Non-luminous flame
luminous flame