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GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY 1ST SEMESTER AY2019-2020

NAME _____________________________________PMY1____ DATE______________

EXPERIMENT 3
THE BUNSEN BURNER
The Bunsen burner is the most common source of heat or flame in the chemistry laboratory.
Natural gas enters the burner near the base, rises through a barrel, mixes with air, and burns.
By proper adjustments the most efficient flame can be obtained.

Objectives:
To manipulate and recognize the use of Bunsen burner.
To detect the different parts of the Bunsen burner.
To determine the types of flames produced by the Bunsen burner.

Seatwork: Draw a bunsen burner and label its parts.

For safety:
1. Wear PPE when working in the laboratory.
2. When using a Bunsen burner:
Restrict long hair and loose clothing.
Never leave a burner unattended.
Do not reach over the burner.
Make sure no flammables are near the burner.
3. When heating test tubes:
Do not point the open end toward any person.
Do not heat the bottom of the test tube.

Procedure:
Setting the flame
1. Ensure that the hose is tightly attached to the burner and gas outlet.
2. Turn on the gas and light the burner.
3. Adjust the height of lame by turning the needle valve.
4. The flame color can be adjusted by turning the barrel (or opening the air vents).
a. If the flame is a yellow color, it is not getting enough air. Use the barrel and air ports
to adjust it until it is completely blue and shows an inner cone.
Too much air will cause the flame to be noisy and possibly blow out.
b. If the flame is blue without the inner cone, adjust the barrel or air ports until an inner
cone is visible.

Heating a test tube


1. Half fill a test tube with tap water.
2. Apply heat to the side of the test tube.
3. Observe that the top of the test tube is at an angle and pointed away from all people in
the area. If heat is applied directly to the test tube, the contents will shoot out of the tube
or "bump". A slow smooth movement of the tube in and out of the flame should be used
to heat the contents evenly. Once the water is boiling, remove the test tube from the
boiling, remove the test tube from the flame, discard the water into the sink and set the
tube and holder aside to cool.

Heating a larger volume of liquid


1. To heat larger amounts of water use the set-up shown below. Place the bottom of the
wire gauze about 15.0 cm above the top of the Bunsen burner.

2. Using a thermometer measure the temperature of the water in the beaker. Once the
temperature reaches 75° C turn off the gas and let beaker cool.

EXERCISE 3.1
1. Describe the flame when there is NOT enough oxygen present (valve closed)?
2. What are the advantages of using a blue flame instead of a yellow one for heating objects in
the laboratory?
3. Where is the hottest part of the blue flame?
4. When heating a substance over a Bunsen burner, where will the object be placed for most
efficient heating?
Non-luminous flame

luminous flame

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