Ecosystem

GROUP 7
TOPIC: ECOSYSTEM
NAME OF THE GROUP: RESTY TRONIADO
ALQUIN SAREN
JESSIEL DON A TEJANO
What is a Food Chain?

A food chain refers to the order of events in an ecosystem, where one living organism eats another
organism, and later that organism is consumed by another larger organism. The flow of nutrients
and energy from one organism to another at different trophic levels forms a food chain.
The food chain also explains the feeding pattern or relationship between living organisms. Trophic
level refers to the sequential stages in a food chain, starting with producers at the bottom, followed
by primary, secondary and tertiary consumers. Every level in a food chain is known as a trophic level.
The food chain consists of four major parts, namely:
 The Sun: The sun is the initial source of energy, which provides energy for everything on the
planet.
 Producers: The producers in a food chain include all autotrophs such as phytoplankton,
cyanobacteria, algae, and green plants. The producers utilize the energy from the sun to
make food. Producers are also known as autotrophs as they make their own food.
 Consumers: Consumers are all organisms that are dependent on plants or other organisms
for food. This is the largest part of a food web, as it contains almost all living organisms.
 Decomposers: Decomposers are organisms that get energy from dead or waste organic
material. This is the last stage in a food chain. Decomposers are an integral part of a food
chain, as they convert organic waste materials into inorganic materials, which enriches the
soil or land with nutrients.
Decomposers complete a life cycle. They help in recycling the nutrients as they provide nutrients to
soil or oceans, that can be utilised by autotrophs or producers. Thus, starting a whole new food
chain.
Certainly! Here are 10 easy questions about food chains, along with their answers:
Enumeration:
1: What is a food chain?
A: A food chain is a series of organisms in which each one is eaten by the next organism in the chain.
2: What is a producer in a food chain?
A: A producer is an organism, such as a plant, that makes its own food through photosynthesis.
3: What is a consumer in a food chain?
A: A consumer is an organism that eats other organisms for food.
4: What is a decomposer in a food chain?
A: A decomposer is an organism, such as a fungus or bacterium, that breaks down dead organic matter
and returns nutrients to the soil.
5. what is a sun in a food chain?
A: The sun is the initial source of energy, which provides energy for everything on the planet.
6-10. Draw a chart about the food chain
Food Web
A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-
eats-what in an ecological community. Another name for food web is consumer-resource
system . Each food chain is one possible path that energy and nutrients may take as they move
through the ecosystem.
Tropic Level :
1.Producers ( Autotrophs ) are any kind of green plant. Green plants make their food by taking
sunlight and using the energy to make sugar.
2. Primary consumers make up the second trophic level. They are also called herbivores. They
eat primary producers—plants or algae—and nothing else. For example, a grasshopper and a
squirrel
3. Secondary consumers are mostly carnivores, from the Latin words meaning “meat eater.” For
example , a frog and a snake .
4. Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. They break
apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary
producers. For Example , worm.
Questions :
1. It consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact.
* Ecosystem
2. What componets that soil , weather and air belong in the ecosystem ?
*Abiotic
3. What is the other name for Food Web ?

*Consumer-resource system
4. 5. Give only 2 Tropic Level in the ecosystem .

5.
6-10 Draw a diagram that shows food web .
Trophic levels and Ecological Pyramids
Trophic Levels
Each successive level of nourishment as represented by the links of the food chain is known as a
trophic level. The plant producers within an ecosystem constitute the first trophic level, the herbivores
form the second trophic level, and the carnivores represent the third level. Additional links in the main
food chain, and inside chains such as those formed by parasites constitute further trophic levels.
Example:
1.Mice eat plant seeds
2.Snakes eat mice
3.Hawks eat snakes

Ecological Pyramids
Ecological pyramids represent the trophic structure and also the trophic function of an ecosystem. In
an ecological pyramid, the first trophic level forms the base and successive trophic levels the tiers which
make up the apex. Ecological pyramids may be of three general type’s (Park, 1936)
Example:
1. Producer
2. Primary consumer
3. Secondary consumer
4. Tertiary consumer
Pyramid of numbers
It represents the numerical relationship between different trophic levels of a food chain. In such a
pyramid, the more abundant species form the base of pyramid and the less abundant species remain
near the top. The pyramid of numbers can be best understood by taking lake or grassland as an
example.
Example:
1.900kg of grass
2.100kg of mice
3. 50kg of snake
4. 10kg of owl
Questioner
1. Why do we need ecological pyramids?
Answer: Ecological pyramids are important because they graphically illustrate the relationship between
producers and consumers.
2. Give me at least two example about Trophic Levels?

Answer: 1.Mice eat plant seeds
2.Snakes eat mice
3.Hawks eat snakes
3. What are those example about Ecological Pyramids?
Answer: 1. producer
2. Primary consumer
3. Secondary consumer
4. Tertiary consumer
4. In a food chain, what are organisms on the second trophic level called?
A. producer
B. primary consumer
C. carnivore
D. secondary consumer
Answer: B
5. What is my full name.
Answer: Jessiel don A. Tejano

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GROUP 7

NAME OF THE GROUP: RESTY TRONIADO

JESSIEL DON A TEJANO

What is a Food Chain?

The food chain consists of four major parts, namely:

1: What is a food chain?

2: What is a producer in a food chain?

3: What is a consumer in a food chain?

A: A consumer is an organism that eats other organisms for food.

4: What is a decomposer in a food chain?

6-10. Draw a chart about the food chain

3. What is the other name for Food Web ?

4. 5. Give only 2 Tropic Level in the ecosystem .

Trophic levels and Ecological Pyramids

1.Mice eat plant seeds

2.Snakes eat mice

3.Hawks eat snakes

1. Why do we need ecological pyramids?

2. Give me at least two example about Trophic Levels?

2.Snakes eat mice

3.Hawks eat snakes

3. What are those example about Ecological Pyramids?

5. What is my full name.

Answer: Jessiel don A. Tejano

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