ALLEN® Modern Physics 1

MODERN PHYSICS 6. An a particle and a proton are accelerated from

1. Given below are two statements : rest by a potential difference of 200 V. After
Statement-I : Two photons having equal linear this, their de Broglie wavelengths are la and lp
momenta have equal wavelengths. l
Statement-II : If the wavelength of photon is respectively. The ratio p is :
la
decreased, then the momentum and energy of a
(1) 3.8 (2) 8 (3) 7.8 (4) 2.8
photon will also decrease.
7. Two radioactive substances X and Y originally
In the light of the above statements, choose the
have N1 and N2 nuclei respectively. Half life of
correct answer from the options given below.
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true X is half of the half life of Y. After three half
(2) Statement I is false but Statement II is true lives of Y, number of nuclei of both are equal.
(3) Both Statement I and Statement II are false N
The ratio 1 will be equal to :
(4) Statement I is true but Statement II is false N2
2. In the given figure, the energy levels of 1 3 8 1
hydrogen atom have been shown along with (1) (2) (3) (4)
8 1 1 3
some transitions marked A, B, C, D and E. The
8. The wavelength of the photon emitted by a
transitions A, B and C respectively represent :
+ eV hydrogen atom when an electron makes a
Continuum transition from n = 2 to n = 1 state is :
0 eV
n=5 –0.54 eV (1) 194.8 nm (2) 913.3 nm
n=4 –0.85 eV (3) 490.7 nm (4) 121.8 nm
–1.51 eV
9. An electron of mass me and a proton of mass mp =
n=3
B C D 1836 me are moving with the same speed. The ratio
n=2 –3.4 eV l
of their de Broglie wavelength electron will be :
A E lproton
n=1 –13.6 eV (1) 1836 (2) 1
(1) The ionization potential of hydrogen, second 1
member of Balmer series and third member (3) 918 (4)
1836
of Paschen series. 10. The stopping potential for electrons emitted
(2) The first member of the Lyman series, third from a photosensitive surface illuminated by
member of Balmer series and second light of wavelength 491 nm is 0.710 V. When
member of Paschen series. the incident wavelength is changed to a new
(3) The series limit of Lyman series, third value, the stopping potential is 1.43 V. The new
member of Balmer series and second wavelength is :
member of Paschen series. (1) 329 nm (2) 309 nm
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(4) The series limit of Lyman series, second (3) 382 nm (4) 400 nm
member of Balmer series and second 11. The wavelength of an X-ray beam is 10Å. The
member of Paschen series. mass of a fictitious particle having the same
3. The de Broglie wavelength of a proton and x
a-particle are equal. The ratio of their velocities energy as that of the X-ray photons is h kg.
3
is : The value of x is_________. (h = Planck's
(1) 4 : 3 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 4 : 2 (4) 1 : 4 constant)
4. An X-ray tube is operated at 1.24 million volt.
12. If l1 and l2 are the wavelengths of the third
The shortest wavelength of the produced photon
will be : member of Lyman and first member of the
(1) 10–3 nm (2) 10–1 nm Paschen series respectively, then the value of
(3) 10 nm
–2 (4) 10–4 nm l1 : l2 is :
5. According to Bohr atom model, in which of the (1) 1 : 9 (2) 7 : 108
following transitions will the frequency be (3) 7 : 135 (4) 1 : 3
maximum ?
(1) n = 4 to n = 3 (2) n = 2 to n = 1
(3) n = 5 to n = 4 (4) n = 3 to n = 2

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13. Given below are two statements : one is labelled 19. The de-Broglie wavelength associated with an
as Assertion A and the other is labelled as electron and a proton were calculated by
Reason R. accelerating them through same potential of 100
Assertion A : An electron microscope can V. What should nearly be the ratio of their
achieve better resolving power than an optical wavelengths ? (mP = 1.00727 u, me = 0.00055u)
microscope. (1) 1860 : 1 (2) (1860)2 : 1
Reason R : The de Broglie's wavelength of the (3) 41.4 : 1 (4) 43 : 1
electrons emitted from an electron gun is much 20. The half-life of Au198 is 2.7 days. The activity
less than wavelength of visible light. of 1.50 mg of Au198 if its atomic weight is
In the light of the above statements, choose the 198 g mol–1 is, (NA = 6 × 1023/mol)
correct answer from the options given below: (1) 240 Ci (2) 357 Ci
(1) A is true but R is false. (3) 535 Ci (4) 252 Ci
(2) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 21. Calculate the time interval between 33% decay
explanation of A. and 67% decay if half-life of a substance is
(3) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the 20 minutes.
correct explanation of A. (1) 60 minutes (2) 20 minutes
(4) A is false but R is true. (3) 40 minutes (4) 13 minutes
14. The recoil speed of a hydrogen atom after it 22. If an electron is moving in the nth orbit of the
emits a photon in going from n = 5 state to hydrogen atom, then its velocity (vn) for the nth
n = 1 state will be : orbit is given as :
(1) 4.17 m/s (2) 2.19 m/s 1
(1) vn µ n (2) vn µ
(3) 3.25 m/s (4) 4.34 m/s n
15. A radioactive sample is undergoing a decay. At 1
any time t1, its activity is A and another time t2, (3) vn µ n2 (4) vn µ 2
n
A 23. An electron of mass m and a photon have same
the activity is . What is the average life time
5 energy E. The ratio of wavelength of electron to
for the sample ? that of photon is : (c being the velocity of light)
ln5 t -t 1 æ 2m ö
1/ 2
1æ E ö
1/ 2
(1) (2) 1 2 (1) (2)
t 2 - t1 l n5 c çè E ÷ø c çè 2m ÷ø
t -t ln ( t 2 + t1 ) æ E ö
1/2

(3) 2 1 (4) (3) ç ÷ (4) c (2mE)

1/2
l n5 2 è 2m ø
16. Two stream of photons, possessing energies 24. Which level of the single ionized carbon has the
equal to twice and ten times the work function same energy as the ground state energy of

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of metal are incident on the metal surface hydrogen atom?
successively. The value of ratio of maximum (1) 1 (2) 6 (3) 4 (4) 8
velocities of the photoelectrons emitted in the 25. If 2.5 × 10–6 N average force is exerted by a
two respective cases is x : y. The value of x is light wave on a non-reflecting surface of 30 cm2
............... area during 40 minutes of time span, the energy
17. The stopping potential in the context of flux of light just before it falls on the surface is
photoelectric effect depends on the following ____ W/cm2. (Round off to the Nearest Integer)
property of incident electromagnetic radiation : (Assume complete absorption and normal
(1) Phase (2) Intensity incidence conditions are there)
(3) Amplitude (4) Frequency 26. The atomic hydrogen emits a line spectrum
18. The first three spectral lines of H-atom in the consisting of various series.Which series of
Balmer series are given l1, l2, l3 considering hydrogen atomic spectra is lying in the visible
the Bohr atomic model, the wave lengths of first region ?
(1) Brackett series (2) Paschen series
æl ö
and third spectral lines ç 1 ÷ are related by a (3) Lyman series (4) Balmer series
è l3 ø
factor of approximately 'x' × 10–1. The value of
x, to the nearest integer, is ________.

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27. Two identical photocathodes receive the light of 33. The speed of electrons in a scanning electron
frequencies f1 and f2 respectively. If the microscope is 1 × 107 ms–1. If the protons having
velocities of the photo-electrons coming out are the same speed are used instead of electrons, then
v1 and v2 respectively, then the resolving power of scanning proton
2h microscope will be changed by a factor of:
(1) v12 – v22 = [f1 – f2] 1
m (1) 1837 (2)
2h 1837
(2) v12 + v22 = [f1 + f2] 1
m (3) 1837 (4)
1 1837
é 2h ù2
(3) v1 + v2 = ê ( f1 + f2 ) ú 34. A radioactive material decays by simultaneous
ëm û emissions of two particles with half lives of
1/ 2

(4) v1 – v2 = éê ( f1 – f2 ) ùú
2h 1400 years and 700 years respectively. What
ëm û will be the time after the which one third of the
28. A particle of mass m moves in a circular orbit in material remains ? (Take ln 3 = 1.1)
a central potential field U(r) = U0r4 . If Bohr's (1) 1110 years (2) 700 years
quantization conditions are applied, radii of (3) 340 years (4) 740 years
possible orbitals rn vary with n1/ a , where
35. A nucleus of mass M emits g-ray photon of
a is___________.
29. Imagine that the electron in a hydrogen atom is frequency 'n'. The loss of internal energy by the
replaced by a muon (µ). The mass of muon particle nucleus is :
is 207 times that of an electron and charge is equal [Take 'c' as the speed of electromagnetic wave]
to the charge of an electron. The ionization (1) hn (2) 0
potential of this hydrogen atom will be :-
(1) 13.6 eV (2) 2815.2 eV é hn ù é hn ù
(3) hn ê1 - 2ú (4) hn ê1 + 2ú
(3) 331.2 eV (4) 27.2 eV ë 2Mc û ë 2Mc û
30. A particle is travelling 4 times as fast as an
36. The radiation corresponding to 3 ® 2 transition
electron. Assuming the ratio of de-Broglie
wavelength of a particle to that of electron is of a hydrogen atom falls on a gold surface to
2 : 1, the mass of the particle is :- generate photoelectrons. These electrons are
1 passed through a magnetic field of 5 × 10–4 T.
(1) times the mass of e–
16 Assume that the radius of the largest circular
(2) 8 times the mass of e– path followed by these electrons is 7 mm, the
(3) 16 times the mass of e– work function of the metal is : (Mass of electron
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1 = 9.1 × 10–31 kg)

(4) times the mass of e–
8 (1) 1.36 eV (2) 1.88 eV
31. A proton and an a-particle, having kinetic (3) 0.16 eV (4) 0.82 eV
energies Kp and Ka, respectively, enter into a
37. An electron having de-Broglie wavelength l is
magnetic field at right angles.
incident on a target in a X-ray tube. Cut-off
The ratio of the radii of trajectory of proton to that
wavelength of emitted X-ray is :
of a-particle is 2 : 1. The ratio of Kp : Ka is :
2m 2 c 2 l 2
(1) 1 : 8 (2) 8 : 1 (1) 0 (2)
(3) 1 : 4 (4) 4 : 1 h2
32. The decay of a proton to neutron is : 2mcl 2 hc
(3) (4)
(1) not possible as proton mass is less than the h mc
neutron mass
(2) possible only inside the nucleus
(3) not possible but neutron to proton
conversion is possible
(4) always possible as it is associated only with
b+ decay

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38. For a certain radioactive process the graph 44. A particle of mass 4M at rest disintegrates into
between In R and t(sec) is obtained as shown in two particles of mass M and 3M respectively
the figure. Then the value of half life for the having non zero velocities. The ratio of de-
unknown radioactive material is approximately :
Broglie wavelength of particle of mass M to
that of mass 3M will be :
(1) 1 : 3 (2) 3 : 1
(3) 1 : 3 (4) 1 : 1
45. Some nuclei of a radioactive material are
undergoing radioactive decay. The time gap
between the instances when a quarter of the
nuclei have decayed and when half of the nuclei
have decayed is given as :
(1) 9.15 sec (2) 6.93 sec (where l is the decay constant)
(3) 2.62 sec (4) 4.62 sec
1 ln2 ln2
39. A certain metallic surface is illuminated by (1) (2)
monochromatic radiation of wavelength l. The 2 l l
stopping potential for photoelectric current for 3
ln
this radiation is 3V0. If the same surface is 2l n 2 2
(3) (4)
illuminated with a radiation of wavelength 2l, l l
the stopping potential is V0. The threshold 46. The half-life of 198Au is 3 days. If atomic weight
wavelength of this surface for photoelectric of 198Au is 198 g/mol then the activity of 2 mg
effect is_____l. of 198Au is [in disintegration/second] :
th
æ 1 ö (1) 2.67 × 1012 (2) 6.06 × 1018
40. A radioactive substance decays to ç ÷ of its
è 16 ø (3) 32.36 × 10 12
(4) 16.18 × 1012
initial activity in 80 days. The half life of the 47. When radiation of wavelength l is incident on a
radioactive substance expressed in days is____. metallic surface, the stopping potential of
41. A nucleus with mass number 184 initially at rest ejected photoelectrons is 4.8 V. If the same
emits an a-particle. If the Q value of the surface is illuminated by radiation of double the
reaction is 5.5 MeV, calculate the kinetic previous wavelength, then the stopping
energy of the a-particle. potential becomes 1.6 V. The threshold
(1) 5.0 MeV (2) 5.5 MeV wavelength of the metal is :
(3) 0.12 MeV (4) 5.38 MeV (1) 2 l (2) 4 l (3) 8 l (4) 6 l

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42. An electron of mass me and a proton of mass mP 48. A light beam of wavelength 500 nm is incident
are accelerated through the same potential on a metal having work function of 1.25 eV,
difference. The ratio of the de-Broglie placed in a magnetic field of intensity B. The
wavelength associated with the electron to that electrons emitted perpendicular to the magnetic
with the proton is :- field B, with maximum kinetic energy are bent
mP into circular arc of radius 30 cm. The value of
(1) (2) 1
me B is _______ × 10–7 T.
mP me Given hc = 20 × 10–26 J-m, mass of electron
(3) (4) = 9 × 10–31 kg
me mp
49. From the given data, the amount of energy
43. What should be the order of arrangement of required to break the nucleus of aluminium
de-Broglie wavelength of electron (le), an 27 –3
13 Al is _____ x × 10 J.
a-particle (la) and proton (lp) given that all Mass of neutron = 1.00866 u
have the same kinetic energy ? Mass of proton = 1.00726 u
(1) le = lp = la (2) le < lp < la Mass of Aluminium nucleus = 27.18846 u
(3) le > lp > la (4) le = lp > la (Assume 1 u corresponds to x J of energy)
(Round off to the nearest integer)
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 ALLEN® Modern Physics 5
50. The nuclear activity of a radioactive element 56. Consider the following statements :
th
æ1ö A. Atoms of each element emit characteristics
becomes ç ÷ of its initial value in 30 years. The
è8ø spectrum.
half-life of radioactive element is ______ years. B. According to Bohr's Postulate, an electron in
51. If 'f' denotes the ratio of the number of nuclei a hydrogen atom, revolves in a certain
decayed (Nd) to the number of nuclei at t = 0 stationary orbit.
(N0) then for a collection of radioactive nuclei,
C. The density of nuclear matter depends on
the rate of change of 'f' with respect to time is
given as : [l is the radioactive decay constant] the size of the nucleus.
(1) –l (1 – e –lt) (2) l (1 – e –lt) D. A free neutron is stable but a free proton
(3) le –lt (4) –le –lt decay is possible.
52. In Bohr's atomic model, the electron is assumed E. Radioactivity is an indication of the
to revolve in a circular orbit of radius 0.5 Å. If instability of nuclei.
the speed of electron is 2.2 × 166 m/s, then the Choose the correct answer from the options
current associated with the electron will be given below :
22 (1) A, B, C, D and E (2) A, B and E only
___________ × 10–2 mA. [Take p as ]
7 (3) B and D only (4) A, C and E only
53. A radioactive sample has an average life of 30 57. The Ka X-ray of molybdenum has wavelength
ms and is decaying. A capacitor of capacitance
0.071 nm. If the energy of a molybdenum atoms
200 mF is first charged and later connected with with a K electron knocked out is 27.5 keV, the
resistor 'R'. If the ratio of charge on capacitor to
energy of this atom when an L electron is
the activity of radioactive sample is fixed with
knocked out will be ______ keV. (Round off to
respect to time then the value of 'R' should be
the nearest integer) [h = 4.14 × 10–15 eVs, c = 3
______W.
× 108 ms–1]
54. A particle of mass 9.1 × 10–31 kg travels in a
58. A particular hydrogen like ion emits radiation
medium with a speed of 106 m/s and a photon of
of frequency 2.92 × 1015 Hz when it makes
a radiation of linear momentum 10–27 kg m/s
transition from n = 3 to n = 1. The frequency in
travels in vacuum. The wavelength of photon is
_______ times the wavelength of the particle. Hz of radiation emitted in transition from n = 2
55. An electron and proton are separated by a large to n = 1 will be :
distance. The electron starts approaching the (1) 0.44 × 1015 (2) 6.57 × 1015
proton with energy 3 eV. The proton captures (3) 4.38 × 1015 (4) 2.46 × 1015
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the electrons and forms a hydrogen atom in 59. In a photoelectric experiment ultraviolet light of
second excited state. The resulting photon is wavelength 280 nm is used with lithium
incident on a photosensitive metal of threshold cathode having work function f = 2.5 eV. If the
wavelength 4000 Å. What is the maximum wavelength of incident light is switched to 400
kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron? nm, find out the change in the stopping potential.
(1) 7.61 eV (h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js, c = 3 × 108 ms–1)
(2) 1.41 eV (1) 1.3 V (2) 1.1 V
(3) 3.3 eV (3) 1.9 V (4) 0.6 V
(4) No photoelectron would be emitted 60. The de-Broglie wavelength of a particle having
kinetic energy E is l. How much extra energy
must be given to this particle so that the de-
Broglie wavelength reduces to 75% of the
initial value ?
1 7 16
(1) E (2) E (3) E (4) E
9 9 9

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61. At time t = 0, a material is composed of two 63. In a photoelectric experiment, increasing the
radioactive atoms A and B, where NA(0) = intensity of incident light :
2NB(0). The decay constant of both kind of (1) increases the number of photons incident
radioactive atoms is l. However, A disintegrates and also increases the K.E. of the ejected
to B and B disintegrates to C. Which of the electrons
following figures represents the evolution of (2) increases the frequency of photons incident
NB(t) / NB(0) with respect to time t ? and increases the K.E. of the ejected
é N A ( 0 ) = No. of A atoms at t = 0 ù electrons.
ê ú (3) increases the frequency of photons incident
ëê N B ( 0 ) = No. of B atoms at t = 0 ûú and the K.E. of the ejected electrons
remains unchanged
(4) increases the number of photons incident and the
K.E. of the ejected electrons remains unchanged
64. A monochromatic neon lamp with wavelength
(1) of 670.5 nm illuminates a photo-sensitive
material which has a stopping voltage of 0.48
V. What will be the stopping voltage if the
source light is changed with another source of
wavelength of 474.6 nm?
(1) 0.96 V (2) 1.25 V
(3) 0.24 V (4) 1.5 V
65. X different wavelengths may be observed in the
spectrum from a hydrogen sample if the atoms
(2) are exited to states with principal quantum
number n = 6 ? The value of X is _______.
66. A sample of a radioactive nucleus A
disintegrates to another radioactive nucleus B,
which in turn disintegrates to some other stable
nucleus C. Plot of a graph showing the variation
of number of atoms of nucleus B vesus time is :
(Assume that at t = 0, there are no B atoms in
the sample)
(3)

(1) (2)

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(4)

(3) (4)

62. There are 1010 radioactive nuclei in a given

67. A moving proton and electron have the same
radioactive element, Its half-life time is 1 de-Broglie wavelength. If K and P denote the
minute. How many nuclei will remain after 30 K.E. and momentum respectively. Then choose
the correct option :
seconds ? ( 2 = 1.414 ) (1) Kp < Ke and Pp = Pe
(2) Kp = Ke and Pp = Pe
(1) 2 × 1010 (2) 7 × 109 (3) Kp < Ke and Pp < Pe
(4) Kp > Ke and Pp = Pe
(3) 105 (4) 4 × 1010

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68. A free electron of 2.6 eV energy collides with a 70. The temperature of an ideal gas in 3-dimensions
H+ ion. This results in the formation of a is 300 K. The corresponding de-Broglie
hydrogen atom in the first excited state and a wavelength of the electron approximately at 300
photon is released. Find the frequency of the K, is :
emitted photon. (h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js) [me = mass of electron = 9 × 10–31 kg
(1) 1.45 × 1016 MHz (2) 0.19 × 1015 MHz h = Planck constant = 6.6 × 10–34 Js
9
(3) 1.45 × 10 MHz (4) 9.0 × 1027 MHz kB = Boltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10–23 JK–1]
69. Consider two separate ideal gases of electrons (1) 6.26 nm (2) 8.46 nm
and protons having same number of particles. (3) 2.26 nm (4) 3.25 nm
The temperature of both the gases are same. 71. The half life period of radioactive element x is
The ratio of the uncertainty in determining the same as the mean life time of another
position of an electron to that of a proton is radioactive element y. Initially they have the
proportional to :- same number of atoms. Then :
æ mp ö
3/2
me mp mp (1) x–will decay faster than y.
(1) ç ÷ (2) (3) (4) (2) y– will decay faster than x.
è me ø mp me me
(3) x and y have same decay rate initially and
later on different decay rate.
(4) x and y decay at the same rate always.
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SOLUTION 7. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
1. Official Ans. by NTA (4) Sol. Tx = t ; Ty = 2t
Sol. If linear momentum are equal then wavelength
also equal 3Ty = 6t,
h hc N1' = N2'
p= ,E=
l l
On decreasing wavelength, momentum and N1e-l1 6t = N2e -l2 6t
energy of photon increases. æ1 1 ö
N1 l n 2ç - ÷ ´ 6t
2. Official Ans. by NTA (3) = e( l1 -l2 )6t = e è t 2t ø = e (l n 2)´3 = e l n 8 = 8
Sol. A ® Series limit of Lymen series. N2
B ® Third member of Balmer series.
N1 8
C ® Second member of Paschen series. =
3. Official Ans. by NTA (2) N2 1
h 8. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. l =
mv
1 æ1 1 ö
lP = la Sol. = Rç 2 – 2 ÷
l è1 2 ø
mPvP = mava
mPvP = 4mpva (ma = 4mP) l = 121.8 nm.
9. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
vP
=4 (Option 2) is correct h
va le m ev
Sol. = = 1836
4. Official Ans. by NTA (1) lp h
1240 m pv
Sol. l min = (nm)
DV 10. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
1240 hc
= = 10 -3 nm Sol. = f + eVs
1.24 ´10 6
l
Option (1) is correct. 1240
= f + 0.71. ...(1)
5. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 491
é1 1ù 1240
= f + 1.43 ...(2)
Sol. DE = 13.6 ê 2 - 2 ú = hn
l
ë n1 n 2 û
\ l = 382 nm Ans.
It is maximum if n1 = 1 and n2 = 2
n = 5 ............................................ –0.544 eV 11. Official Ans. by NTA (10)
n = 4 ............................................ –0.850 eV hc

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n = 3 ............................................ –1.511 eV Sol. = mc2
l
n = 2 ............................................ –3.4 eV
n = 1 ............................................ –13.6 eV h
m=
Option (2) is correct. cl
6. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 12. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
h h 1 é1 1 ù
Sol. l= = Sol. = Rê 2 - 2 ú
p 2m qV l1 ë1 4 û
1 é1 1 ù
lp m a qa 4m p ´ 2e = Rê 2 - 2 ú
= = = 8 =2 2 l2 ë3 4 û
la m p qp mp ´ e
é1 1 ù
-
l1 êë 9 16 úû 7
= 2 2 = =
l2 é 1 ù 9 ´ 15
lp ê1 - 16 ú
= 2 × 1.4 = 2.8 ë û
la
l1 7
=
l 2 135
Ans. (3)

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13. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 17. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
1 Sol. Stopping potential changes linearly with
Sol. Resolving power µ frequency of incident radiation.
l 18. Official Ans. by NTA (15)
Since wavelength of electron is much less than Sol. For 1st line
visible light, its resolving power will be much more. 1 æ 1 1ö
= Rz2 ç 2 - 2 ÷
14. Official Ans. by NTA (1) l1 è2 3 ø
n=5 0.54eV
1 5
n=4 0.85eV = Rz2 .....(i)
l1 36
Sol. n=3 1.51eV For 3rd line
n=2 E = –3.4eV 1 æ 1 1ö
Emit = Rz 2 ç 2 - 2 ÷
Photon n=1 E = 3.6eV l3 è2 5 ø
(DE) Releases when photon going from n = 5 to 1 21
= Rz 2 .....(ii)
n = DE = (13.6 – 0.54) eV = 13.06 eV. l3 100
(ii) + (i)
Photon P = h/l
l1 21 36
M = × = 1.512 = 15.12 × 10–1
l3 100 5
Mass of atom x » 15
19. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Pi = Pf (By linear momentum conservation)
h h h
h h Sol. l = = =
0= - Mv = VRe coil = …(i) mv 2mK 2mqV
l lM
l1 m2
hc hc =
& DE = = ´ M Þ McVRecoil l2 m1
l lM
DE 13.06 ´ 1.6 ´ 10 -19 le mP
VRe coil = = = 4.17 m / sec = = 1831.4 = 42.79
Mc 1.67 ´ 10 -27 ´ 3 ´ 108 lP me
15. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol. Let initial activity be A0 20. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
-lt1
A = A0 e …(i)
A Sol. A = lN
= A 0 e -lt 2 …(ii)
5
(i) ÷ (ii) æ ln 2 ö
N = nNA ç t1/2 = l ÷
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5 = el( t 2 -t1 ) è ø
ln5 1 t -t
l= = t= 2 1 æ 1.5 ´ 10 -3 ö
t 2 - t1 t
; ln5 N= ç ÷ NA
è 198 ø
16. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Sol. KEmax = hn – f
1 æ ln 2 ö
mv 2 = hn - f A= ç ÷N
2 è t1/2 ø
2 ( hn - f )
v= 1 Curie = 3.7 × 1010 Bq
m
Given hn1 = 2f A = 365 Bq
hn2 = 10 f
v1 hn1 - f
\ =
v2 hn 2 - f
v1 2f - f 1
= =
v2 10 f - f 3

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10 Modern Physics ALLEN®
21. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 27. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Sol. N1 = N 0 e - lt 1 1
Sol. (1) mv12 = hf1 – f
N1 2
= e -lt1 1
N0 mv 22 = hf2–f
2
0.67 = e -lt1 2h
ln(0.67) = –lt1 v12 – v22 = ( f1 – f2 )
m
N 2 = N 0 e - l t2 28. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
N2 –dU mv2
= e -lt 2 Sol. F = = –4U0 r3 =
N0 dr r
0.33 = e - lt 2 mv2 = 4U0r4
ln(0.33) = –lt2
v µ r2
ln(0.67) – ln(0.33) = lt1 – lt2
nh
æ 0.67 ö mvr =
l(t1 – t2) = ln ç ÷ 2p
è 0.33 ø
r3 µ n
l (t 1 - t 2 ) @ ln 2
ln2 r µ n1/3 = 3
t1 - t 2 ; = t1/2 29. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
l
Half life = t1/2 = 20 minutes. 1 1
22. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Sol. Eµ rµ
r m
Sol. We know velocity of electron in nth shell of
hydrogen atom is given by Eµm

v=
2pkZe2
\vµ
1
Ionization potential = 13.6 ×
( Mass ) eV
m
nh n
23. Official Ans. by NTA (2) ( Masse )
h hc l1 1 æ E ö
1/ 2
= 13.6 × 207 eV = 2815.2 eV
Sol. l1 = l2 = = ç
2mE ; E ; l 2 c è 2m ÷ø 30. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
24. Official Ans. by NTA (2) h
Sol. Energy of H-atom is E = – 13.6 Z2/n2 Sol. l=
p
for H-atom Z = 1 & for ground state, n = 1
12 lp pe m e ve
Þ E = – 13.6 × 2 = – 13.6 eV = =
le

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1 p p m p vp
Now for carbon atom (single ionised), Z = 6
Z2 me æ ve ö
E = – 13.6 2 = – 13.6 (given) 2= ç ÷
n m p è 4ve ø
Þ n2 = 62 Þ n = 6
25. Official Ans. by NTA (25) me
\ mp = Ans. (4)
IA 8
Sol. F=
C
FC 2.5 ´10 -6 ´ 3 ´108
I= = = 25 W/cm2
A 30
26. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. (4) Conceptual

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 ALLEN® Modern Physics 11
31. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 3 ´ 0.693
Þ 1.1 = t Þ t » 740 years
mv p ma 1400
Sol. r= = =4
qB qB mp Hence option 4.
35. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
rp pp qa 2 Sol. Energy of g ray [Eg] = hn
= =
ra qp pa 1 h hn
Momentum of g ray éë Pg ùû = =
pp 2q p l C
æ1ö
= = 2ç ÷ Total momentum is conserved.
pa qa è2ø r r
Pg + PNu = 0
pp r
=1 Where PNu = Momentum of decayed nuclei
pa
Þ Pg = PNu
Kp p p2 m
= p a = (1) (4) hv
K a pa m p Þ = PNu
C
32. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Þ K.E. of nuclei
( PNu ) = 1 é hn ù
2 2
Sol. It is possible only inside the nucleus and not 1
= Mv =
2
otherwise. 2 2M 2M êë C úû
33. Official Ans. by NTA (1) Loss in internal energy = Eg + K.ENu
1 2
Sol. Resolving power (RP) µ 1 é hn ù
l = hn +
2M êë C úû
h h
l= = é hn ù
P mv = hn ê1 +
ë 2MC úû
2
mv
So (RP) µ 36. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
h
RP µ P Sol.
RP µ mv
RP µ m
34. Official Ans. by NTA (4)

3 ® 2 Þ 1.89 eV
Sol. 5 × 10–4 T r = 7mm
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P 2 ( qRB)
2
mv
r= Þ mv = qrB Þ E = =
qB 2m 2m
(1.6 ´10 ´ 7 ´ 10 -3 ´ 5 ´ 10-4 )
-19 2
ln2 ln2
Given l1 = / year , l 2 = / year =
700 1400 2 ´ 9.1´ 10-31 Joule
é 1 1 ù 3136 ´10-52
\ l net = l1 + l 2 = ln2 ê + = eV
ë 700 1400 úû 18.2 ´10-31 ´1.6 ´10-19
3ln2 = 1.077 eV
= / year We know work function = energy incident –
1400 (KE)electron
Now, Let initial no. of radioactive nuclei be
f = 1.89 – 1.077 = 0.813 eV
No.
N0
\ = N 0e - lnet t
3
1
Þ ln = -l net t
3

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12 Modern Physics ALLEN®
37. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 42. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
h Sol. KE = eDV
Sol. l =
mv h
le =
P2 h2 hc 2m e ( eDV )
kinetic energy, = =
2m 2ml 2
lc h le mP
lP = Þ =
2ml 2 c 2m p ( eDV ) lP me
lC =
h
38. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 43. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol. R = R0 e -lt h h 1
Sol. l = = µ
lnR = lnR 0 - lt p 2mE m
–l is slope of straight line ma > m p > m e
3 so le > lp > la
l= 44. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
20
ln2 h
Sol. l=
t1/2 = = 4.62 p
l
39. Official Ans. by NTA (4) both the particles will move with momentum
hc same in magnitude & opposite in direction.
Sol. KE = - f hc So De-Broglie wavelength of both will be same
l
hc i.e. ratio 1 : 1
e(3V0 ) = -f …(i) 45. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
l0 3N 0
hc Sol. = N 0 e – lt1
eV0 = -f …(ii) 4
2l 0 N0
Using (i) & (ii) = N 0 e – lt 2
2
hc hc ln(3/4) = –lt1 .....(i)
f= = lt = 4l0
4l 0 l t ln(1/2) = –lt2 .....(i)
40. Official Ans. by NTA (20) ln(3/4) – ln(1/2) = l(t2–t1) .....(i)
t1
N t1
N t1
N t1
N ln(3 / 2)
Sol. N 0 ¾¾ 2
® 0 ¾¾ 2
® 0 ¾¾ 2
® 0 ¾¾2
® 0 Dt =
2 4 8 16 l
4 ´ t1/2 = 80 46. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. A = lN
t1/2 = 20 days ln 2 ln 2
41. Official Ans. by NTA (4) l= = sec -1 = 2.67 ´ 10 -6 sec -1
t1/2 3 ´ 24 ´ 60 ´ 60

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N = Number of atoms in 2 mg Au
2 ´ 10 -3
= ´ 6 ´ 10 23 = 6.06 ´ 1015
198
A = lN = 1.618 × 1013 = 16.18 × 1012 dps

Sol.
2
1 1 4v ö
( 4m ) v 2 + (180m ) æç ÷ = 5.5MeV
2 2 è 180 ø

1 é æ 4 ö ù
2

Þ 4mv 2 ê1 + 45 ç ÷ ú = 5.5MeV
2 ëê è 180 ø ûú
5.5
Þ K.E a = 2
MeV
æ 4 ö
1 + 45. ç ÷
è 180 ø
K.E a = 5.38MeV

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 ALLEN® Modern Physics 13
47. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Nd
= f = 1 - e -lt
Sol. VS = hn - f N0
hc df
4.8 = -f … (i) = le -lt
l dt
hc 52. Official Ans. by NTA (112)
1.6 = -f … (ii)
e ew eV
2l Sol. I = = =
Using above equation (i) – (ii) T 2p 2 pr
hc hc 1.6 ´ 10 -19 ´ 2.2 ´ 106 ´ 7
3.2 = - I=
l 2l 2 ´ 22 ´ 0.5 ´ 10 -10
hc = 1.12 mA
3.2 = … (iii) 112 × 10–2 mA
2l 53. Official Ans. by NTA (150)
é hc ù Sol. Tm = 30 ms
êë l = 6.4 úû C = 200 mF
æ 1 ö
Put in equation (ii) q Q 0e - t/RC Q 0 tçè l- RC ÷ø
f = 1.6 = = e
N N 0 e -lt N0
hc Since q/N is constant hence
= 1.6
l th 1
l=
hc æ hc ö RC
l th = =ç ´ 4 = 4l
1.6 è 6.4 ÷ø R=
1 T
= m =
30 ´ 10 -3
= 150 W
48. Official Ans. by NTA (125) lC C 200 ´ 10 -6
Sol. By photoelectric equation 54. Official Ans. by NTA (910)
hc h 6.6 ´ 10 -34
- f = k max Sol. For photon l1 = =
l P 10 -27
1240 h 6.6 ´ 10 -34
k max = - 1.25 » 1.25 For particle l 2 = =
500 mv 9.1 ´ 10 -31 ´ 10 6
2mk l
r= \ 1 = 910
eB l2
2mk 55. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
B= = 125 × 10–7T Sol. Initially, energy of electron = +3eV
er
finally, in 2nd excited state,
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49. Official Ans. by NTA (27)

(13.6eV)
Sol. Dm = (ZmP + (A – Z)mn) – MAl energy of electron = –
32
= (13 ×1.00726 + 14 × 1.00866) – 27.18846 = –1.51eV
= 27.21562 – 27.18846 Loss in energy is emitted as photon,
= 0.02716 u hc
So, photon energy = 4.51 eV
E = 27.16 x × 10–3 J l
50. Official Ans. by NTA (10) Now, photoelectric effect equation
Sol. A = A0e–lt hc æ hc ö
KEmax = – f = 4.51 – ç ÷
A0 l è lth ø
= A0 e-lt Þ lt = ln8
8 12400 eVÅ
lt = 3ln2 = 4.51 eV–
4000 Å
ln 2 t 30
= = = 10 years
l 3 3
51. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol. N = N 0 e-lt
Nd = N0 – N
Nd = N0 (1 – e–lt)
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14 Modern Physics ALLEN®
56. Official Ans. by NTA (2) l2 E1 3
Sol. (A) True, atom of each element emits = = , l2 = 0.75 l1
characteristic spectrum. l1 E2 4
(B) True, according to Bohr's postulates E1 æ 3 ö
2

=
mvr =
nh
and hence electron resides into E 2 çè 4 ÷ø
2p 16 16
orbits of specific radius called stationary orbits. E 2 = E1 = E (E1 = E)
9 9
(C) False, density of nucleus is constant
(D) False, A free neutron is unstable decays into 16 7
Extra energy given = E-E= E
proton and electron and antineutrino. 9 9
(E) True unstable nucleus show radioactivity. Ans. 2
57. Official Ans. by NTA (10) 61. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol. E ka = Ek –EL Sol. A ® B, B ® C
hc dN B
= Ek – EL = l N A - lN B
l ka dt
hc dN B
EL = E k – = 2lN B0 e -lt - lN B
lka dt
æ dN B ö
12.42 ´ 10 –7 eVm e -lt ç + lN B ÷ = 2 lN B0 e -lt ´ e lt
= 27.5 KeV – è dt ø
0.071 ´ 10 –9 m
d
58.
EL = (27.5 – 17.5) keV = 10 keV = 1.41 eV
Official Ans. by NTA (4) dt
( )
N B e lt = 2lN B0 , on integrating

æ1 1 ö N B e lt = 2l tN B0 + N B0
Sol. nf1 = k ç - 2 ÷
è1 3 ø N B = N B0 [1 + 2 lt]e -lt
æ 1 ö
nf 2 = k ç1 - 2 ÷ dN B -lt -lt
= 0 at -l[1 + 2lt)e + 2le = 0
è 2 ø dt
f1 8 / 9 1
= Þ f 2 = 2.46 ´1015 N Bmax at t =
f2 3 / 4 2l
Option (4) 62. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
59. Official Ans. by NTA (1) t
N æ 1 ö t1/2
hc Sol. =
KE max = eVS = -f N0 çè 2 ÷ø

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Sol.
l 30
1240 N æ 1 ö 60
Þ eVS = - 2.5 = 1.93eV 10
= ç ÷
280 10 è2ø
® VS = 1.93V … (i) 1
10
1
æ 1 ö 2 10
1240
10
Þ N = 10 × ç ÷ = » 7 × 109
® eVS2 = - 2.5 = 0.6eV 2
è ø 2
400 63. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Þ VS = 0.6V … (ii)
2 Sol. ® Increasing intensity means number of
DV = VS1 - VS2 = 1.93 - 0.6 = 1.33V incident photons are increased.
Option (1) ®Kinetic energy of ejected electrons depend on the
60. Official Ans. by NTA (2) frequency of incident photons, not the intensity.
h h
Sol. l = = , mv = 2mE
mv 2mE
1
lµ
E

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 ALLEN® Modern Physics 15
64. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 68. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
hc Sol. For every large distance P.E. = 0
Sol. kEmax = +f
li & total energy = 2.6 + 0 = 2.6 eV
hc Finally in first excited state of H atom total
or eVo = +f
li energy = –3.4 eV
when li = 670.5 nm ; Vo = 0.48 Loss in total energy = 2.6 – (–3.4)
when li = 474.6 nm ; Vo = ? = 6eV
1240 It is emitted as photon
So, e(0.48) = +f ...(1)
670.5 1240
l= = 206 nm
1240 6
e(Vo) = +f ...(2)
474.6 3 ´ 108
f= = 1.45 × 1015 Hz
(2) – (1) 206 ´ 10 -9
æ 1 1 ö = 1.45 × 109 Hz
e(Vo – 0.48) = 1240 ç - ÷ eV
è 474.6 670.5 ø 69. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
æ 670.5 – 474.6 ö h
Vo = 0.48 + 1240 ç ÷ Volts Sol. Dx.Dp ≥
è 474.6 ´ 670.5 ø 4p
Vo = 0.48 + 0.76 h 3KT
Vo = 1.24 V ; 1.25 V Dx = v=
4 pmDv m
65. Official Ans. by NTA (15)
n(n - 1) Dx e mp
Sol. No. of different wavelengths = =
2 Dx p me
6 ´ (6 - 1) 6 ´ 5
= = = 15 70. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
2 2
66. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Sol. De-Broglie wavelength
Sol. h h
l= =
Initially no. of atoms of B = 0 after t = 0, no. of mv 2mE
atoms of B will starts increasing & reaches Where E is kinetic energy
maximum value when rate of decay of B = rate
3kT
of formation of B. E= for gas
2
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After that maximum value, no. of atoms will starts

decreasing as growth & decay both are h 6.6 ´ 10 -34
l= =
exponential functions, so best possible graph is (2) 3mkT 3 ´ 9 ´ 10 -31 ´ 1.38 ´ 10 -23 ´ 300
Option (2) l = 6.26 × 10–9 m = 6.26 nm
67. Official Ans. by NTA (1) Option (1)
h h
Sol. lP = le = 71. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
PP Pe
Sol. ( t1/2 )x = ( t )y
Q l P = le
ln2 1
Þ PP = Pe Þ = Þ lx = 0.693 ly
lx ly
PP2
( K )P = Also initially Nx = Ny = N0
2mP
Activity A = lN
2
P As lx < ly Þ Ax < Ay
( K )e = e

2m e Þ y will decay faster than x

KP < Ke as mP > me Option (1) Option (2)