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GNED08 Lesson3 PDF

The document summarizes several prominent psychological theories about the self, including: - William James' theory that the self consists of the "I" (thinking, acting, feeling) and the "me" (physical and psychological characteristics). - Carl Rogers' distinction between the "I" as the actor and decision maker, and the "me" as the object one thinks about oneself. - Sigmund Freud's concepts of the id, ego and superego. - George Herbert Mead's theory that the self develops through social interaction and seeing oneself through the perspectives of others in society. - The concepts of private self, public self, actual self, ideal self, and ought self in relation to self-

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Nathaniel Salamatin Roño
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19 views13 pages

GNED08 Lesson3 PDF

The document summarizes several prominent psychological theories about the self, including: - William James' theory that the self consists of the "I" (thinking, acting, feeling) and the "me" (physical and psychological characteristics). - Carl Rogers' distinction between the "I" as the actor and decision maker, and the "me" as the object one thinks about oneself. - Sigmund Freud's concepts of the id, ego and superego. - George Herbert Mead's theory that the self develops through social interaction and seeing oneself through the perspectives of others in society. - The concepts of private self, public self, actual self, ideal self, and ought self in relation to self-

Uploaded by

Nathaniel Salamatin Roño
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Self as

Cognitive
Construct
Objectives

Identify the different Create your own Analyze the effects of


ideas in psychology definition of the "Self" various factors identified
regarding the self based on the definitions in psychology in the
from Psychology formation of the self
William James

Self = I + Me

I - thinking, acting, feeling


Me- physical characteristics
and psychological capabilities
Carl Rogers

Theory of Personality

I- the one who acts and decides

Me - what you think or feel about


yourself as an object
Carl Rogers

Self - Schema
Sigmund Freud

Id - Instincts

Ego – Reality

Superego - Morality
George Herbert
Mead
Theory of Symbolic Interactionism

Self is created and developed through human interaction

Self and identity are social products because


1. Society helps in creating the foundations of who we
are.
2. We Actually need others to affirm and reinforce who
we think we are and need them as reference points
about our identity
3. What we think is important to us may have been
influenced by what is important in our social and
historical context
Self – Awareness

When we are aware of our self -concepts

There are 2 types of self that we can be aware of

1. Private Self - our internal standards and private thoughts and feelings

2. Public Self- out public image commonly geared toward having a good

presentation of yourself to others.


Self – Awareness

This presents us with 3 other self

1. Actual Self - who we are at the moment

2. Ideal Self - who you like to be

3. Ought Self - who you thick you should be

1. Positive Self – Awareness

2. Negative Self – Awareness


Social Comparison
Theory
According to this theory, we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness our
behaviors, as well as our social status by comparing aspects of ourselves with other
people.

2 Types:

1. Downward Social Comparison - we create a positive self-concept by comparing


ourselves with those who are worse off than us.

2. Upward Social Comparison - comparing ourselves with those who are better off
than us.
Self -Evaluation
Maintenance Theory

We can fee threatened when someone out-performs us, especially when that
person is close to us.

We usually react in 3 ways:

• We distance ourself from that person or redefine our relationship with them
• Reconsider the importance of aspect or skill in which you were outperformed
• Strengthen our resolve to improve that certain aspect of ourselves.
Narcissism

• A trait characterized by overly high self-esteem, self -admiration, and self-


centeredness.

• Although self esteem is a very important concept related to the self, studies
have shown that it only has correlation, not causality, to positive outputs and
outlooks.

• It can be argued that high or healthy self esteem may result to an overall good
personality, but it is not and should not be the only source of a person's healthy
perspective of him/herself.
Thank You
For
Listening!!

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