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    (L1) - (JLD 3.0) - Alcohol, Ether & Phenol - 24 Sept

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    ram kumar
    The document discusses the preparation and properties of alcohols. It describes several methods for preparing alcohols from alkenes including hydroboration-oxidation, oxymercuration-demercuration, and hydration reactions. It also discusses some physical properties of alcohols such as their boiling points, solubility in water, and melting points.

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    (L1) - (JLD 3.0) - Alcohol, Ether & Phenol - 24 Sept

    Uploaded by

    ram kumar
    29 views48 pages
    The document discusses the preparation and properties of alcohols. It describes several methods for preparing alcohols from alkenes including hydroboration-oxidation, oxymercuration-demercuration, and hydration reactions. It also discusses some physical properties of alcohols such as their boiling points, solubility in water, and melting points.

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    Notes Alcohol phenol

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    [L1] - (JLD 3.0) - Alcohol, Ether & Phenol - 24 Sept

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    The document discusses the preparation and properties of alcohols. It describes several methods for preparing alcohols from alkenes including hydroboration-oxidation, oxymercuration-demercuration, and hydration reactions. It also discusses some physical properties of alcohols such as their boiling points, solubility in water, and melting points.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views48 pages

    (L1) - (JLD 3.0) - Alcohol, Ether & Phenol - 24 Sept

    Uploaded by

    ram kumar
    The document discusses the preparation and properties of alcohols. It describes several methods for preparing alcohols from alkenes including hydroboration-oxidation, oxymercuration-demercuration, and hydration reactions. It also discusses some physical properties of alcohols such as their boiling points, solubility in water, and melting points.

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    3.

    Preparation and Properties of


    Alcohol
    Alcohol, Ether & Phenol 1

    Anupam Gupta
    Anupam Gupta
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    3.0

    Preparation and Properties of


    Alcohol
    Alcohol, Ether & Phenol 1

    Anupam Gupta
    Alcohols

    Alkyl alcohols Phenols


    Methods of preparation of Alcohol : From Alkenes
    From Alkenes - Hydroboration – Oxidation

    Reagent : (i) B2H6 + THF (ii) H2O2, OH-

    Regiochemistry: Anti-Markovnikov

    Stereochemistry : syn
    From Alkenes - Hydroboration – Oxidation
    From Alkenes - Hydroboration – Oxidation

    6H3C - CH = CH2 + B2H6

    (Propene)
    The compound X is

    A. B.

    C.
    D. Both (b) and (c)
    1 - Methylcyclopentene can be converted into 2-methylcyclopentanol by

    A. acid catalysed hydration


    B. hydroboration
    C. epoxide formation followed by reduction with LiAlH4
    D. oxymercuration-demercuration
    From Alkenes - Oxymercuration and Demercuration

    Reagent : (i) Hg(OAc) (ii) NaBH4

    Regiochemistry: Markovnikov without rearrangement

    Stereochemistry : undefined
    From Alkenes - Oxymercuration and Demercuration
    From Alkenes - Oxymercuration and Demercuration
    Preparation reactions covered in Organic Reaction Mechanisms

    Aq KOH reaction
    Hydrolysis reaction

    Hydration reaction
    Ethanol can be prepared more easily by which reaction?
    i. CH3CH2Br + H2O ⟶ CH3CH2OH
    ii. CH3CH2Br + Ag2O (in boiling water) ⟶ CH3CH2OH

    A. By (i) reaction
    B. By (ii) reaction
    C. Both reactions proceed at same rate
    D. By none
    Commercial method of preparation of Alcohol

    Cr2O3 – ZnO
    CO + 2 H2 H3C – OH
    673K,
    Methanol
    Pressure
    (Wood
    Alcohol)
    Preparation reactions covered earlier

    Haloalkanes and
    Haloarenes - L5 Grignard Reagent

    Organic Reduction
    Oxidation and Hydrolysis - H2+cat, LiAlH4, NaBH4, Bayer’s
    L1, L2, L3, L4 Reagent, OsO4
    Product is ?

    A. B.

    C. Mixture of (a) and (b) D.


    Physical Properties

    Boiling point

    Intermolecular Forces - VDW and H Bonding


    Physical Properties - Boiling Point

    E.g.

    CH3OH < C2H5OH < H3C - CH2 - CH2 - OH < H3C - CH2 - CH2 - OH < H3C - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 -CH2-OH
    (Methanol) (Ethanol) (Propan-1-ol) (Butan-1-ol) (pentan- 1-ol)
    Which of the following alcohol has higher B.P.

    I. Ethylene glycol
    II. Glycerol
    Physical Properties - Solubility in water

    ● As alkyl or aryl chain increases solubility in water decreases.


    ● For practical purpose we consider that the borderline between solubility and
    insolubility in water occurs at about four to five carbon atoms for normal primary
    alcohols.
    ● Amongst isomers, as branching increases, the surface area of hydrocarbon part
    (hydrophobic part) decreases so solubility increases.
    Compare the water solubility of

    I. Ethylene glycol
    II. Glycerol
    Arrange following compounds in decreasing order of solubility in water

    i. CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

    OH OH

    ii. ,
    Which member of each pair will be more soluble in water

    A. 1-Hexanol and cyclohexanol


    B. 1-Hexanol and 4-Methyl phenol
    C. 3-Ethyl -3-hexanol and 2-Octanol
    D. 2-Hexanol and Cyclooctane-1,4-diol
    Sucrose (C12H22O11) has a large carbon chain yet it is highly soluble in
    water. What functional group in sucrose may lead to it’s high solubility ?
    Physical Properties

    Melting point (M.P.)

    The effect of branching on melting point is difficult to predict. Generally branching that
    produces highly symmetrical structures results in abnormally high melting points.
    Which has higher M.P.?

    Phenyl methanol and diphenyl methanol


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