POLITEKNIK TUANKU SULTANAH BAHIYAH

KEMENTERIAN PENGAJIAN TINGGI

Kulim Hi-Tech Park
09000 Kulim, TUANKU SULTANAH BAHIYAH
KEDAH, MALAYSIA

LAB CONTROL SYSTEM

DJM40092
TITLE LAB 2 : SIGNAL IN CONTROL SYSTEM
EXPERIMENT
PROGRAMME DEM
LECTURER NAME PN.NORSHAHIDAH BIN MANAF
DATE 21 SEPTEMBER 2021

STUDENT NAME :

NO. NAME REGISTRATION

NUMBER
1. MUHAMMAD ADIB AIMAN BIN ISHAK 16DEM19F1015
2. NUR AZHANI BINTI ALIAS 16DEM19F1044
3. NUR SYAHIRAH BINTI AZMI 16DEM19F1034
4. MUHAMAD FARIS SYAHIRAN BIN MOHD NAZRI 16DEM19F1050

MARKS :

TECHNICAL REPORT SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE

RUBRIC
1 2 3 4
PROCEDURES
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
RESULTS
ANALYSIS/DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
TOTAL MARKS (%)
1.0 EXPERIMENT OUTCOME

The expected outcome for Lab 1 are for the students to have the
ability to
i. Define and explain the types of signals
ii. Compute basic signals
iii. Create and demonstrate plotted signals
iv. Compute transfer function plot

2.0 EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS

i. Computer Unit with Ms Windows or Linux operating system

installed
ii. Scilab version 6 and above

3.0 ABSTRACT

Control systems are aimed to modify the behavior of an existing system to

perform in a desired way. Several examples can be found in the real life in
which certain control actions are needed to achieve the wanted results. For
example the temperature of a room may change due to external and
unexpected perturbations, e.g. somebody opens/closes a window, sunshine
heats the walls, etc. An airconditioned system can be installed to help in
keeping a given temperature in spite of any external change in the system. The
air-conditioned system includes elements to modify the current temperature
(also called actuators, since they act on the system), sensors to measure the
current temperature, and some control logic to determine the actuation to be
carried out in order to achieve the target temperature. In this chapter we will
introduce the basis of the control systems, their influence on real life systems,
and their design to modify the behavior of a given plant to fulfill particular
specifications.
4.0 INTRODUCTION

Control systems are an integral part of modern society. Numerous

applications surrounding us such as robots, machines and even radio
transmissions are types of automatically controlled systems that can be
created by man.

A control system by definition consists of subsystems and processes

(or plants) assembled for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
with desired performance, given by a specified input. This can be
easily by drawing a basic block diagram form as in Figure 1.1 below.

Figure 1.1 : Basic Control

System Block

What is the importance of test signals in control system :

➢ Test signals helps in predicting the performance of the system as
the input signals which we give are known hence we can see the
output response of the system for a given input and can understand
the behavior of the control system. The commonly used test signals
are impulse, ramp, step signals and sinusoidal signals
5.0 LAPLACE TRANSFORM

Basically, representing a Laplace transform‟s system

response in Scilab is by giving thecommand “csim(‘string’,
time, linear system)”.

tf =

syslin(„c‟,num,

den) t = 0

:0.01:100

y = csim(„impulse‟,t,tf)

impulse as string for impulse response, step as string for step response
or create your ownvector string
Other related Scilab commands to be introduced :
If “ fx ” is your output string result, then

max(fx) – shows the

maximum value in your “fx”
fx($) – shows the last
number in your “fx

RESULT IN SCILAB
 A Scilab text command as follows:

Impulse,Step and Ramp Responses

a. Impulse

-->t=linspace(0,5,500);
-->imp_res=csim('imp',t,TF);

-->plot(t,imp_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Impulseresponse','time','response');
b. Step

-->step_res=csim('step',t,TF);
-->plot(t,step_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Stepresponse','time','response');

c. Ramp

-->ramp_res=csim(t,t,TF);
-->plot(t,ramp_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Rampresponse','time','response')
6.0 RESULT SCILAB
Impulse,Step and Ramp Responses

d. Impulse

-->t=linspace(0,5,500);
-->imp_res=csim('imp',t,TF);

-->plot(t,imp_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Impulseresponse','time','response');
 e. Step

-->step_res=csim('step',t,TF);
-->plot(t,step_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Stepresponse','time','response');

f. Ramp

-->ramp_res=csim(t,t,TF);
-->plot(t,ramp_res),xgrid(),xtitle('Rampresponse','time','response');

7.0 DISCUSSION

What is the importance of test signals in control system?

➢ Test signals helps in predicting the performance of the system as the

input signals which we give are known hence we can see the output
response of the system for a given input and can understand the
behavior of the control system. The commonly used test signals are
impulse, ramp, step signals and sinusoidal signals.

What is input signals?

➢ input signal - signal going into an electronic system. input. signal,

signaling, sign - any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a
message; "signals from the boat suddenly stopped" Based on
WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection
8.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, in this lab 2 learnt about important property of

system i.e convolution. Convolution means how system responfs to
the input. It is the product pf two input signal. I take on signal as x[n]
and other signal as h[n] which is impulse response. I used conv
command to determine the convoulution output of two signals.

9.0 REFERENCES

➢ https://www.docsity.com/en/conclusion-of-signals-and-system/2656606/
➢ https://engineeringinterviewquestions.com/what-are-test-signals-and-their-
significance-control-systems-lab-viva
➢ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_system
➢