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Python Lists 1

The document discusses various methods for working with lists in Python. It covers creating, accessing, and modifying lists using indexes, slices, and list methods. Some key list methods covered include append(), insert(), remove(), sort(), and index(). It also discusses the tuple data type and how it is similar to but immutable unlike lists.

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Nicko Corto
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47 views

Python Lists 1

The document discusses various methods for working with lists in Python. It covers creating, accessing, and modifying lists using indexes, slices, and list methods. Some key list methods covered include append(), insert(), remove(), sort(), and index(). It also discusses the tuple data type and how it is similar to but immutable unlike lists.

Uploaded by

Nicko Corto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lists

>>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

>>> spam

['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

Getting Individual Values in a List with


Indexes >>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

>>> spam[0]

'cat'

>>> spam[1]

'bat'

>>> spam[2]

'rat'

>>> spam[3]

'elephant'

Negative Indexes
>>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

>>> spam[-1]

'elephant'

>>> spam[-3]

'bat'

>>> 'The {} is afraid of the {}.'.format(spam[-1],

spam[-3]) 'The elephant is afraid of the bat.'


Getting Sublists with Slices
>>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat',

'elephant'] >>> spam[0:4]

['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

>>> spam[1:3]

['bat', 'rat']

>>> spam[0:-1]

['cat', 'bat', 'rat']

>>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat',

'elephant'] >>> spam[:2]

['cat', 'bat']

>>> spam[1:]

['bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

Slicing the complete list will perform a copy:

>>> spam2 = spam[:]

['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

>>> spam.append('dog')

>>> spam

['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant',

'dog'] >>> spam2

['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']

Getting a List’s Length with


len() >>> spam = ['cat', 'dog',
'moose'] >>> len(spam)

3
Changing Values in a List with
Indexes >>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat',

'elephant'] >>> spam[1] = 'aardvark'

>>> spam

['cat', 'aardvark', 'rat',

'elephant'] >>> spam[2] = spam[1]

>>> spam

['cat', 'aardvark', 'aardvark',

'elephant'] >>> spam[-1] = 12345

>>> spam

['cat', 'aardvark', 'aardvark', 12345]

List Concatenation and List


Replication >>> [1, 2, 3] + ['A', 'B', 'C']

[1, 2, 3, 'A', 'B', 'C']

>>> ['X', 'Y', 'Z'] * 3


['X', 'Y', 'Z', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'X', 'Y',

'Z'] >>> spam = [1, 2, 3]

>>> spam = spam + ['A', 'B', 'C']

>>> spam

[1, 2, 3, 'A', 'B', 'C']

Removing Values from Lists with del


Statements >>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat',
'elephant']

>>> del spam[2]

>>> spam

['cat', 'bat', 'elephant']

>>> del spam[2]

>>> spam

['cat', 'bat']

Using for Loops with Lists


>>> supplies = ['pens', 'staplers', 'flame-throwers',

'binders'] >>> for i, supply in enumerate(supplies):

>>> print('Index {} in supplies is: {}'.format(str(i),


supply))

Index 0 in supplies is: pens

Index 1 in supplies is: staplers


Index 2 in supplies is: flame-throwers

Index 3 in supplies is: binders

Looping Through Multiple Lists with


zip() >>> name = ['Pete', 'John', 'Elizabeth']

>>> age = [6, 23, 44]

>>> for n, a in zip(name, age):


>>> print('{} is {} years old'.format(n, a))

Pete is 6 years old

John is 23 years old

Elizabeth is 44 years old

The in and not in Operators


>>> 'howdy' in ['hello', 'hi', 'howdy',

'heyas'] True

>>> spam = ['hello', 'hi', 'howdy', 'heyas']

>>> 'cat' in spam

False

>>> 'howdy' not in spam

False

>>> 'cat' not in spam

True

The Multiple Assignment Trick


The multiple assignment trick is a shortcut that lets you assign multiple variables with
the values in a list in one line of code. So instead of doing this:
>>> cat = ['fat', 'orange', 'loud']

>>> size = cat[0]

>>> color = cat[1]

>>> disposition = cat[2]

You could type this line of code:


>>> cat = ['fat', 'orange', 'loud']

>>> size, color, disposition = cat

The multiple assignment trick can also be used to swap the values in two

variables: >>> a, b = 'Alice', 'Bob'

>>> a, b = b, a

>>> print(a)

'Bob'

>>> print(b)

'Alice'

Augmented Assignment Operators


spam *= 1

Operator
spam /= 1

spam += 1
spam %= 1

spam -= 1
Examples:

>>> spam = 'Hello' spam = spam + 1 spam = spam

>>> spam += ' world!'


- 1 spam = spam * 1 spam =
>>> spam
spam / 1 spam = spam % 1
'Hello world!'
Equivalent
>>> bacon = ['Zophie']

>>> bacon *= 3

>>> bacon

['Zophie', 'Zophie', 'Zophie']

Finding a Value in a List with the index()


Method >>> spam = ['Zophie', 'Pooka', 'Fat-tail',
'Pooka']

>>> spam.index('Pooka')

Adding Values to Lists with the append() and insert()


Methods
append():

>>> spam = ['cat', 'dog', 'bat']

>>> spam.append('moose')

>>> spam

['cat', 'dog', 'bat', 'moose']


insert():

>>> spam = ['cat', 'dog', 'bat']

>>> spam.insert(1, 'chicken')


>>> spam

['cat', 'chicken', 'dog', 'bat']

Removing Values from Lists with


remove() >>> spam = ['cat', 'bat', 'rat',
'elephant']

>>> spam.remove('bat')

>>> spam

['cat', 'rat', 'elephant']

If the value appears multiple times in the list, only the first instance of the value will be
removed.

Sorting the Values in a List with the sort()


Method >>> spam = [2, 5, 3.14, 1, -7]

>>> spam.sort()

>>> spam

[-7, 1, 2, 3.14, 5]

>>> spam = ['ants', 'cats', 'dogs', 'badgers',

'elephants'] >>> spam.sort()

>>> spam
['ants', 'badgers', 'cats', 'dogs', 'elephants']

You can also pass True for the reverse keyword argument to have sort() sort the
values in reverse order:

>>> spam.sort(reverse=True)

>>> spam

['elephants', 'dogs', 'cats', 'badgers', 'ants']


If you need to sort the values in regular alphabetical order, pass str. lower for the key
keyword argument in the sort() method call:

>>> spam = ['a', 'z', 'A', 'Z']

>>> spam.sort(key=str.lower)

>>> spam

['a', 'A', 'z', 'Z']

You can use the built-in function sorted to return a new list:

>>> spam = ['ants', 'cats', 'dogs', 'badgers',

'elephants'] >>> sorted(spam)

['ants', 'badgers', 'cats', 'dogs', 'elephants']

Tuple Data Type


>>> eggs = ('hello', 42, 0.5)

>>> eggs[0]

'hello'

>>> eggs[1:3]

(42, 0.5)

>>> len(eggs)

The main way that tuples are different from lists is that tuples, like strings, are
immutable.

Converting Types with the list() and tuple()


Functions >>> tuple(['cat', 'dog', 5])

('cat', 'dog', 5)

>>> list(('cat', 'dog', 5))

['cat', 'dog', 5]
>>> list('hello')

['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

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