AIR-BORNE SOUND.

Airborne sound refers to sound waves that travel through the air
and are capable of being heard by the human ear. These sound
waves
are created when an object vibrates and causes air particles to
vibrate,
which then creates a series of compression and rarefaction that
travel
through the air.
Airborne sound can be categorized into two types: continuous
and impulsive. Continuous airborne sound is sound that is
produced
continuously over time, such as the sound of a fan or a person
speaking.
Impulsive airborne sound, on the other hand, is sound that is
produced
suddenly and lasts for a short period of time, such as a door
slamming
or a gunshot.
Airborne sound can be measured in decibels (dB), with the
threshold of human hearing at 0 dB and the threshold of pain at
120 dB.
Excessive exposure to high levels of airborne sound can cause
hearing
damage and other health issues.
Soundproofing materials can be used to reduce the amount of
airborne sound that enters or exits a space. These materials work
by
absorbing or blocking sound waves, which reduces the amount of
sound that can travel through walls, floors, and ceilings.

STRUCTURE-BORNE SOUND.
Structure-borne sound refers to the sound that is generated by
vibrations transmitted through a solid structure, such as a wall,
floor, or
ceiling. This type of sound can be caused by a variety of sources,
including machinery, footsteps, and even music.
The structure-borne sound is created when an object or surface is
set into motion, causing vibrations that travel through the
material and
into surrounding objects. As the vibrations travel, they can cause
other
objects to vibrate and create additional noise.
One of the main characteristics of structure-borne sound is that it
can be difficult to pinpoint the exact source of the noise. This is
because
the sound can travel through walls, floors, and other structures,
making
it challenging to determine where it is originating from.
To reduce the impact of structure-borne sound, it is important to
take steps to isolate the source of the noise. This can include
using
sound-absorbing materials, adding insulation, and creating
barriers to
prevent vibrations from traveling through the structure.
Overall, structure-borne sound is an important consideration in
many industries, including construction, transportation, and
manufacturing, and understanding its properties and sources is
critical
for effective noise control.

IMPACT SOUND.
Impact sound is the sound produced when two objects collide or
when an object is struck. It is a type of transient sound that is
short
lived but can be quite loud and piercing. Impact sound is
commonly
heard in everyday life, such as when a door slams shut or when a
ball is
bounced on the ground.
The impact sound can be characterized by its intensity, frequency
spectrum, and duration. The intensity of the impact sound
depends on
the force of the collision or strike and the mass of the objects
involved.
The frequency spectrum of the sound is determined by the shape
and
material of the objects involved and can range from low-pitched
thuds
to high-pitched pings. The duration of the sound is usually short,
but it
can be prolonged if the objects involved are vibrating.
The impact sound can have a significant impact on our
environment and well-being. Excessive impact sound can lead to
noise
pollution, which can cause stress, anxiety, and hearing damage.
To
mitigate the impact sound, measures such as sound insulation,
sound
absorbing materials, and sound barriers can be used.

DEAD ROOM.
A "dead room" is a term used to describe an acoustic
environment that lacks natural reverberation or echoes, resulting
in a
sound that is dull and lifeless. Dead rooms are often used for
audio
recording, mixing, and mastering purposes, as they provide a
neutral
acoustic environment that allows engineers to hear audio signals
with
greater clarity and accuracy.
To create a dead room, acoustic materials are used to absorb
sound waves, reducing the amount of reverberation and echo in
the
room. This can be achieved by covering walls, ceilings, and floors
with
materials such as foam, fiberglass, or rockwool.
While dead rooms are useful for audio production, they can be
uncomfortable and disorienting for human occupants. The lack of
natural sound reflections can create a feeling of being in a
vacuum or
isolated from the surrounding environment. As a result, dead
rooms are
typically not used as living or working spaces, and are instead
designed
specifically for audio purposes.

LIVE ROOM.
In acoustics, a live room is a recording space or performance
venue with a high degree of reverberation or reflected sound.
This is
achieved by using hard, reflective surfaces such as walls, floors,
and
ceilings, which bounce sound waves around the room and create
a
lively, natural sound.
Live rooms are commonly used in music production, where they
can capture a full, rich sound for instruments and vocals. They are
also
used in broadcast and film production, where they can add depth
and
dimension to audio recordings.
However, it's worth noting that not all recording spaces benefit
from a live room setup. In some cases, a dead room with minimal
reverberation may be more suitable for certain types of
recordings,
such as voice-overs or close-mic'd instruments.
Designing a live room requires careful consideration of acoustics
and materials. The room dimensions, surface materials, and
placement
of acoustic treatments such as absorption panels and diffuser all
play a
role in creating the desired sound. It's also important to consider
the
intended use of the room and adjust the acoustics accordingly.

If the transmission loss of a wall is 45dB. What is the transmission