7 Compliance

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Examine Real-World Implementations of U.S.

Compliance Laws
Given the following list of U.S. compliance laws, choose three laws and write a summary report describing
their real-world implementations in the public or private sector.
 Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
 Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA)
 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
 Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act

(2 pg. max)

Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA): The CIPA addresses concerns about children's access to
obscene or harmful content over the Internet. Since the CIPA was enacted in 2001, technological
equipment usage has grown significantly in schools and libraries. Today, 63% of classrooms use
technology every day and 58% of teachers use educational apps.
The CIPA helps in the following way;
(1) Internet Filtering: preventing access to certain materials and websites such as pornography, and
content that are deemed harmful and obscure.
(2) Internet Monitoring: This helps in preventing cyberbullying and other form of harassment.
(3) Unauthorized Access: This prevent hacking and other illegal activity that could potentially be harmful
to teachers and students.
In today’s world, many consider the CIPA to be doing more harm than good. This may feel like a
restriction on freedom to information. One question that is always asked is what happens outside the
classrooms? Who protects the student? The CIPA only works when the children are at school and does
nothing when they elsewhere with internet connection.
The restriction on social media may also be considered internet filtering. This does little in today’s world
since most children have one form of internet access. In today’s reality, more needs to be done from the
government, to social media company in order to protect the children.

Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA): Since the act was enacted in 2002, FISMA
requires all federal agency to develop, document, and implement an agency-wide program to provide
information security for the information and systems that support the operations of the agency.
The FISMA Act requires each federal agency to provide security protections to;

(1) information collected/maintained by or on behalf of an agency


(2) Information systems used or operated by an agency or by a contractor of an agency or other
organization on behalf of an agency.

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Examine Real-World Implementations of U.S.
Compliance Laws
The FISMA act has allowed government agencies to security conscious. Despite this act being available,
several government agencies have been attacked. In the 4th quarter of 2020, US officials suspect that
Russian-linked hackers were behind data breach of multiple federal agencies, including the Departments
of Homeland Security, Agriculture and Commerce.

In the Private sector, Equifax, data breach that exposed the personal information of over 147 million
people. This shows that as technology continue to improve, citizens are susceptible to data breaches. It
cannot be totally prevented but with the right security laws and security systems available, government
and private agencies can minimize such risk.

Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act: Duping regulators by resorting manipulating accounting practices and
incorporating fake holding the Enron Scandal of 2001 was the beginning of government willingness to
pass the SOX Act. The Act protects investors by preventing fraudulent accounting and financial
practices at publicly traded companies.

In 2012, Walmart was accused of breaching the SOX. The company was accused of cover-up in
Mexico bribe. The company was able to settle the case with Securities and Exchange Commission in
2019.

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