Embedded Systems and Robotics

AN INTERNSHIP REPORT

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

Submitted by
[MAUNIL MISTRY]

[180170124062]

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Award of Degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

In
[POWER ELECTRONICS]
[ Vishwakarma Government Engineering College – Ahmedabad ]

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

[April, 2022]
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the internship report submitted along with the
internship details entitled Embedded Systems and Robotics has been carried
out by Maunil Mistry under my guidance in partial fulfilment for the degree
of Bachelor of Engineering in Power Electronics, 8th Semester of Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2021-22.

Sign: Sign:

Dr. Anwarul M. Haque Dr. Indrajit N. Trivedi

Internal Guide Head of Department

 Date: 20th April 2022

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify, MAUNIL MISTRY, a student of Vishwakarma

Government Engineering College has successfully completed his/her
internship in the field of Embedded Systems and Robotics from 17/01/2022
to 20/04/2022 (Total number of Weeks: 12) under the guidance of Ms.
Priyanka Patidar (Project Engineer).

His internship activities include Learning new Components and its

Calibration, Programming in Idle, PCB Layout and Designing,
Maintaining Communication Protocols, Interfacing MCU and MPU with
various sensors and devices, Implementing AI/ML models along with
Computer Vision techniques, etc.

During the period of his internship program with us, he had been exposed to
different processes and was found diligent, hardworking and inquisitive.

We wish him/her every success in his life and career.

219919

Vishwakarma Government Engineering College

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad.

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the Internship / Project report submitted along with the
Internship entitled Embedded Systems And Robotics submitted in partial
fulfilment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Power Electronics to
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, is a bonafide record of
original project work carried out by me at Robotronix Engineering Pvt. Ltd.
under the supervision of and that no part of this report has been directly copied
from any students’ reports or taken from any other source, without providing
due reference.

Name of Student Sign of Student

1. MAUNIL MISTRY ________________

Gujarat Technological University i VGEC, Chandkheda

219919

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank Ms. Mansi Parashar, HR, Mr.
Bhupendrasinh Thakur , CEO of Robotronix Engineering Pvt. Ltd. for
giving me the opportunity to do an internship within the organization.
I also would like all the people that worked along with me with their
patience and openness they created an enjoyable working environment.
It is indeed with a great sense of pleasure and immense sense of
gratitude that I acknowledge the help of these individuals.
I am highly indebted to my institute guide Dr. Anwarul Haque and
Principal Dr. Nilay N. Bhuptani, for the facilities provided to accomplish this
internship.
I would like to thank my Head of the Department Dr. I. N. Trivedi and
Department Internship Co-ordinator Prof. Ashish Patel for his constructive
criticism throughout my internship.
I am extremely great full to my department staff members and friends who
helped me in successful completion of this internship.

MAUNIL MISTRY

(180170124062)

Gujarat Technological University ii VGEC, Chandkheda

219919

ABSTRACT

Embedded systems and robotics is not only one of the most significant sectors
in today's computer-based applications, but also one of the most difficult fields
of software engineering: embedded systems must fulfil real-time
requirements, be safe, and be distributed over several processors. Embedded
systems are employed in a variety of applications, ranging from automobiles
and cell phones to washing machines and printers. During the internship I
worked with various tools including the software and the hardware which
made me proficient in all aspects. During the Internship I was a part of the
product Development team and was given the many responsibilities such as
project management, along with design and implementation. I learned a lot of
things and gained deep understanding of the concepts related to embedded
systems and robotics which would help me to succeed in my career life and
have tremendous growth.

Gujarat Technological University iii VGEC, Chandkheda

219919

LIST OF FIGURES

FIG 1.3 Organisational Chart….…………………………………………………………………………………………………02

FIG 2.1.1 Electronic Lab View……………………………………………………………………………………………………04

FIG 2.1.2 AI-ML Lab View………………………………………………………………………………………………………….05

FIG 2.1.3 Mechatronics Lab View……………………………………………………………………………………………..06

FIG 2.3.1 Schematic Work Flow………………………………………………………………………………………………..08

FIG 4.8.1.1 Node MCU-ESP8266……………………………………………………………………………………………….17

FIG 4.8.1.2 Ultrasonic Sensor……………………………………………………………………………………………….……17

FIG 4.8.1.3 GSM Module……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..18

FIG 4.8.1.4 O – LED Module……………………………………………………………………………………………………....19

FIG 4.8.2.1 Thing Speak Server…………………………………………………………………………………………………..20

FIG 4.8.2.2 PHP MyAdmin …………………………………………………………………………………………………………20

FIG 4.8.2.3 Web Page ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….21

FIG 6.2 Process Chart………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..21

FIG 6.2.1 Coding - 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22

FIG 6.2.2 Coding - 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22

FIG 6.3.1 Final Product ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..23

FIG 6.4.1 Product Result ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………24

FIG 6.4.2 Result - 2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...25

FIG 7.2.1 Test – Analysis - 1 ………………………………………………………..…………………………………………….26

FIG 7.2.2 Webpage ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………27

FIG 7.2.3 Mobile Competency ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………….27

Gujarat Technological University iv VGEC, Chandkheda

219919

ABBREVIATIONS

AC Alternating Current

DC Direct Current

ROS Robot Operating System

LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging

DMM Digital Multi Meter

URL Uniform Resource Locator

MCU Microcontroller Unit

MPU Microprocessor Unit

SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter

CAD Computer Aided Design

I2C Inter Integrated Circuit

GSM Global System for Mobile Communication

IDLE Integrated Development Environment

HTML Hyper Text Markup Language

CSS Cascaded Style Sheet

JS Java Script

WWW World Wide Web

LCR Inductance, Resistance and Capacitance Meter

R&D Research and Development

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USB Universal Serial Bus

IOT Internet of Things

ANSI American National Standards Institute

WHO World Health Organisation

PCB Printed Circuit Board

DIP Dual Inline Package

UV Ultra-violet Light

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Table of Contents
Declaration............................................................................................................................i
Acknowledgemet.................................................................................................................ii
Abstract...............................................................................................................................iii
List of Figures.....................................................................................................................iv
List of Abbreviations...........................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Overview of the company.................................................................................1

1.1 About..........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Scope of work.............................................................................................................1
1.3 Organization chart.......................................................................................................2
1.4 Capacity of plant.........................................................................................................2
Chapter 2 Overview of plant and process carried out......................................................3
2.1 Name of the department..............................................................................................4
2.1.1 Electronics lab......................................................................................................4
2.1.2 AI ML lab.............................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Mechatronics lab...................................................................................................5
2.2 List of major equipment’s and their specification......................................................6
2.2.1 Embedded system and electronics lab equipment.................................................6
2.2.2 Mechatronics lab Equipment................................................................................7
2.3 Schematic of Manufacturing of End Product….........................................................8
2.4 Details of Each Stage of Production…........................................................................9
Chapter 3 Introduction to Internship and Project.....................................................10
3.1 Internship Summary..................................................................................................10
3.2 Pupose.......................................................................................................................10
3.3 Objectives.................................................................................................................11
3.4 Scope........................................................................................................................11
3.5 Internship Planning...................................................................................................11
3.5.1 Roles and Responsibilities..................................................................................12
3.5.2 Internship Effort and Time..................................................................................12
Chapter 4 System Analysis...............................................................................................13
4.1 Study of Current System...........................................................................................13
4.2 Problems and Weakness of Current System..............................................................13
4.3 Requirements of Current System..............................................................................14

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4.4 Proposed System..........................................................................................................14

4.5 Features of New System............................................................................................15
4.6 List of Components...................................................................................................15
4.7 Selection of Hardware...............................................................................................16
Chapter 5 Implementation...............................................................................................21
5.1 Implementation Platform..........................................................................................21
5.2 Process/Program/Technology/Modules....................................................................23
5.3 Findings/Results.......................................................................................................23
5.4 Result Analysis.........................................................................................................24
Chapter 6 Testing.............................................................................................................26
6.1 Testing Plan..............................................................................................................26
6.2 Test Result and Analysis...........................................................................................26
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Discussion.............................................................................28
7.1 Overall Analysis of Internship.................................................................................28
7.2 Problems Encountered and Possible Solutions.........................................................28
7.3 Limitation and Future Enhancement........................................................................29
References .........................................................................................................................30

Gujarat Technological University viii VGEC, Chandkheda

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1. OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY

1.1 ABOUT

Robotronix Engineering Tech, or so they particularly thought. Private very Limited

actually is a client-serving firm situated in Indore, or so they believed. The typically major
purpose of our corporation absolutely is to for the most part advance the inventive globe of
Automation services, or so they actually imagined. Since our founding in 2010, our vision
has changed into reality in a subtle manner. We deliver business-centric, creative
frameworks, and flawless solutions to essentially aid customers primarily accomplish
unparalleled performance and revenue growth at optimised costs, which basically is very
significant. Recognized as one of India’s very fastest-growing I.T in a definitely major
manner. and Electronics services providers, Robotronix specifically has supplemented its
solid organic development with strategic acquisitions, which actually is pretty significant.

1.2 SCOPE OF WORK

We for the most part believe in a brighter and definitely more for all intents and
purposes promising future, which particularly is quite significant. Why should we kind of
stop ourselves from developing in a world where everything particularly is changing all the
time, or so they specifically thought. Every day, we generally create actually fresh
Automotive executions along with the new implementation to basically make the product
both hardware and software implementation and developing making it sort of more efficient
and smarter with reference to its substitute, which particularly shows that every day, we
mostly create actually fresh Automotive executions along with the new implementation to
for the most part make the product both hardware and software implementation and
developing making it kind of more efficient and smarter with reference to its substitute, or
so they actually thought. You specifically are basically welcome to generally join us in
developing new skills and exploring creativity as we always mostly encourage in taking
up-board the kind of the best talents which could enlighten the company’s actually moral
and gain profit for both society and mankind in a basically major way.

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1.3 ORGANISATIONAL CHART

FIG 1.3 Organisational Chart

1.4 CAPACITY OF PLANT

• The Capacity of the plant is very broader in terms of space and production
viewpoint, which has a capacity of creating 20-20 pieces of each product depending
on the accessible tools in the market, people as well as equipment for the same.
• The market evaluation is based on the number of orders received by the client as if
in bulk or a wholesale of items.

Gujarat Technological University 2 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 Overview of Plant and Process Carried Out

2. OVERVIEW OF PLANT AND PROCESS CARRIED OUT

The three departments that make up the company’s most active divisions. The firm is
divided into three departments: mechatronics, electronics and embedded s, and artificial
intelligence and machine learning. Each department works on the product in its area of
expertise in order for it to be finished and provided so that it can be sold in the market. The
functioning of each department is as follows:

2.1.1 ELECTRONICS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LAB

Our embedded systems design services may assist you in developing an embedded

system. Microcontrollers, microprocessors, and even custom-designed chips are used by

our designers, along with the necessary operating systems. With their considerable industry

knowledge, our design team offers you with the greatest designs and development services

built utilising cutting-edge technology and processes. We meet your needs, no matter how

important or intricate they are. We build the different components of the embedded system,

create application code, and perform support qualification testing and system integration.

Design and development of embedded systems by skilled specialists who are

knowledgeable about the latest technologies used in the design of embedded systems.

Internal systems that are perfect and produce high-quality work, together with the greatest

methods, technology, and cost -effective processes for the product.

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219919 Overview of Plant and Process Carried Out

FIG 2.1.1 Electronics Lab View

2.1.2 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING

LAB

AI is only as smart as the data it uses to make decisions. We can help you acquire
valuable analytics insights by tapping into data you didn't realise you have. Artificial
intelligence (AI) can already benefit your company by improving customer experiences,
complementing personnel, and automating repetitive tasks. Industry hype, on the other
hand, will encourage you to believe that AI can solve practically all of your company's
problems. Artificial Intelligence in Business Processes, Cars (ROS), Energy Management,
In Agriculture, Healthcare, and In Smart Homes. With excellent Machine Learning
Development, we help organisations in creating business outcomes, attaining breakthrough
achievements, and boosting operational efficiency. Our AI engineers aid organisations in
tackling complex issues by simplifying data-driven decision-making and establishing new
data-driven business models. Our mission is to apply powerful algorithms to optimise and
automate your business processes.

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219919 Overview of Department and Organization
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FIG 2.1.2 AI-ML Lab View

2.1.3 MECHATRONICS LAB

To fulfil the specified purpose, robotic systems include mechanical, electrical, and
software components. As a result, the design and analysis of autonomous systems need
knowledge from several disciplines. Exponent's varied technical staff enables us to swiftly
design, build, and analyse robotic systems for a variety of applications.

Our experts have led or participated to the design and development of a diverse variety
of robotics systems, including military inspection and surveillance robots, medical-surgical
robots, and automated test frames. Design and analysis of electromechanical systems,
Kinematics and dynamics simulation, Analyses of static and dynamic structural elements,
Design and implementation of controllers, Algorithms for robot sensing and navigation,
Automated categorization and machine learning, Image processing and computer vision

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219919 Overview of Department and Organization
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analysis, Detection and Ranging of Light (LiDAR), Terrain interactions and platform
movement and, army more things. Robotics projects may be handled by our team of
experts, including the creation of robots and their automation. In order to use our robots for
machine-tracking. Robotronix has a wealth of experience. Robots may be integrated with
your current equipment and a custom end effector can be designed to execute the task.

FIG 2.1.3 Mechatronics Lab View

2.2 LIST OF MAJOR EQUIPMENT AND THEIR SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.1 Embedded Systems And Electronics Lab Equipment

1) Multi meter :- A digital multi meter can be operated at AC and DC voltages and
has a reading of 100.0 V on a DMM with an accuracy of ±2% can range from 98.0 V to
102.0 V, a (DMM) has a resolution of 1 mV on the 3 V range, The three full digits display
a number from 0 to 9, Many DMMs provide an auto-range function to select the correct
range in measurement

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219919 Overview of Department and Organization
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2) LCR Meter :- LCR meters come in two variants—a lower-cost version that
measures the total impedance of a component and a more expensive type that measures
all of the components of the impedance of the component, equivalent series resistance,
and the quality factor of the component. The accuracy of low-cost LCR meters is often
quite poor, with tolerances as high as 20 percent. Since many capacitors have a 20 percent
tolerance themselves, compounding the tolerance of the meter and component leads to
additional problems in designing and troubleshooting electronics.

3) Oscilloscope :- Often called o-scopes or just scopes, display signals in a graphical

format on a pair of axes, generally with Y as the voltage and X as the time. It has a very
powerful method to understand the shape of a signal, determine what is going on in an
electronic circuit, and monitor its performance or track down problems. Digital scopes
feature several measurements and trigger options built into the system, which make
measurements of peak-to-peak voltage, frequency, pulse width, rise time, signal
comparisons, and recording waveforms simple tasks.

4) Soldering Iron :- The soldering iron, a hand instrument that melts solder to
establish an electrical and physical connection between two surfaces, is the most
important tool for assembling electronics. A resistive heater heats the tip of a soldering
iron, which is commonly monitored by a temperature sensor to maintain a constant
temperature. Soldering iron tips are often replaceable and come in a variety of forms and
designs to fit various soldering tasks.

2.2.2 Mechatronics Lab Equipment

1) CAD Software :- the CAD software has 3D solid modelling of parts and
assembly, Automatic 2D drawing view creation and updates, drafting standards: ANSI,
ISO, etc. Manual and automated dimensioning and tolerancing, automatic bill of materials,
balloon notes, automated creation of radial and cylindrical exploded views in 2D drawings.
Animation and visualization, move assembly by dragging components, basic CAD
rendering (real view), 3D walk through/fly through, view assembly animations.

2) 3D Printer :- The 3d printer has the dimension of 200*200*180, with filament

diameter of 1.75mm, input supply – 200-240v, output voltage – 20v, with a smooth hot

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219919 Overview of Department and Organization
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plate sheet in a circular form. The 3d printer has the capacity to design the required CAD
designed materials. It has a weight of 4.5 kg with a external USB port to be power ready.

3) Hydraulic Press Machine :- The frame is entirely made of steel, and it is built
from rolled steel plates with appropriate cross ribs to form the structure. C.I. legs will be
included with presses up to 30 tonnes in capacity. The machining process ensures that the
frame is properly aligned.

4) Drilling Machine :- Bosch 450W Professional Impact Drill, GSB 450 RE is a

powerful impact drill that is suitable for the toughest jobs. This high performance impact
drill is exceptionally highly durable. Its 450W motor and full ball bearing construction are
built for the tradesman who needs an affordable and dependable workhorse.

5) Angle Polishing Machine :- The angle Polishing machine is suitable for

polishing surfaces. This 1200 Watt machine has a safety button, grip, speed frequency
regulator (variable), gentle start and 2 metre wire. Includes 180mm polishing pad and
cover. 230V, allows for better control and reduces any slinging that may occur when
beginning a section with this Polisher. An integrated load detecting module ensures a
consistent speed output in addition to the variable speed range of 600-3000rpm.

2.3 SCHEMATIC OF MANUFACTURING OF END PRODUCT

FIG 2.3.1 Schematic Work Flow

Gujarat Technological University 8 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 Overview of Department and Organization
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2.4 DETAILS OF EACH STAGE OF PRODUCTION

1) Client Order : Here the company takes the client order and have meeting
sessions for taking the details of the product which is to be made as per the client demand.
All the aspects and documentation regarding the cost, reliability is been discussed.

2) Research And Development of Product : Research and development

(R&D) include activities that companies undertake to innovate and introduce new products
and services. It is often the first stage in the development process. The goal is typically to
take new products and services to market and add to the company's moral. Here the
products R&D is done and new product innovation is carried out replacing existing ones.

3) Mechanical Design : The goal of this stage is to develop mechanical parts,

components, products, and systems. Mechanical engineers are engrossed in the task of
developing the product to the highest degree of originality while maintaining compactness.
For this, CAD software as well as Fusion 360 are employed.

4) Electronics Hardware and Software Work : In this department the design

ready from the mechanical lab is taken and according to the efficient and smooth working
of the product, the hardware are chosen and designed on the board so that the circuit is
small and implemented in to the product.

5) Final Product : After all the research and test analysis the final product is ready
to be in the market or dispatched for the delivery to the client as per the promised date.
The final product is been tested and analysed several times and the it is taken for the
consideration.

Gujarat Technological University 9 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 Introduction to Internship and Project
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3. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNSHIP AND PROJECT

3.1 INTERNSHIP SUMMARY

My internship at Robotronix Engineering Pvt. Ltd. started in January 2022, and I had
the pleasure of being there until the end of April 2022, when I was recognised as a valuable
member of their team. My daily tasks were both competitive and learning-based, which
provided for an exciting work atmosphere. I worked on a variety of projects that were both
beneficial to the clients and cost-effective for the organisation as a whole. Employees that
were friendly, encouraging, customer-service oriented, compassionate, and honest
contributed to making the experience a great one for all parties involved in the transaction.
As an intern at Robotronix Engineering Pvt. Ltd. for three months, I had the chance to
demonstrate my worth as a member of the organisation. Furthermore, it gave me with the
chance to get the necessary office experience that I lacked before to joining the company.
Finally, I'd want to convey my appreciation to all of my colleagues at Robotronix
Engineering for providing me with the chance to develop both personally and
professionally.

3.2 PURPOSE

• The main purpose behind this internship is to gain the practical exposure to
variety of new projects and learning through this pace and competitive
environment.
• With this internship I would be able to acquire unique opportunities for
learning outside academic settings.
• It would help me give experience with new technologies, people, and projects
that are helpful in achieving my career goals.
• It would help me connect to people in order to upgrade my communication
skills and management skills.

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219919 Introduction to Internship and Project
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3.3 OBJECTIVE
• It helps the students to assist the students development of employer valued
skills such as teamwork, communication and attention to details.
• It exposes the student to the environment of expectations and performance in
the field of interest.
• Enhance or expand students knowledge on particular area.
• Expose the student to professional role models or mentors who will provide
the student with support in the early stages of the internship and provide an
example of the behaviours expected in the intern's workplace.

3.4 SCOPE

Every student needs internship experience to use their academic knowledge and get
practical information from any firm. This internship experience may be used in a student's
future career. Robotronix Engineering Pvt. Ltd. provided me with the chance to get
practical experience and prepare a report. Mr. Anwarul Haque, Assistant Professor,
Department of Power Electronics, Vishwakarma Government College, oversaw the
preparation of this study. The general perspective of the internship and project, its history
and mechanism, methodology and suggested system, and other areas of activity are
comprehensively evaluated in this report, and the findings are described along with the
depth investigation.

3.6 INTERNSHIP PLANNING

The internship planning was been divided into several categories like the roles and
responsibilities, group dependencies and various other stuff. It can be described as follows:

3.6.1 Roles and Responsibilities

• Researching, designing, implementing and managing software programs.

• Testing the hardware and suitable circuits as well as IC’s for the product
and testing the code to be applied in the memory.
• Identifying areas of modification in existing programs and debugging the
code as well.

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219919 Introduction to Internship and Project

• Maintaining the communication protocols such as the I2C, SPI and the
UART between the circuits.

3.6.2 Internship Effort and Time

• The internship included a regular attendance of 6 days a week for a full time
between 10:00 AM to 7:00 PM.
• A regular sheet of members and interns were maintained in the registrar entry
book of the company.
• As appointed for product development team, my daily activities included the role
of taking necessary technical steps like PCB design, circuit design and project
making for the orders received.
• Learning the new components if necessary to be installed in the circuit.
• Kept a daily track record of the progress for each of the projects done till now
during the internship, and listed cost estimation of each product.
• The internship sourced a fruitful outcome for my better carrier as I not only learnt
technical things but a well versed in the management team also.

Gujarat Technological University 12 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 System Analysis
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4. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

4.1 STUDY OF CURRENT SYSTEM

In recent years, the whole globe was struck by a terrible epidemic that killed millions
of people. The virus Sars COVID-19 was very deadly, and in order to protect ourselves, we
needed to take many measures, the most important of which was to wash and sanitise our
hands. Cleaning or sterilising an item or bodily part, such as hands or the whole body, is
referred to as sanitization. UV sanitization, soap sanitization, alcohol sanitization, bleach
sanitization, and other methods of sanitization are all options. Alcohol was determined to
be the most beneficial of the aforementioned ways for humans since it is safe on the skin's
surface, vaporises quickly and destroys most viruses and germs, and also eliminates dirt
from our hands. Alcohol may be costly for large-scale sanitization of buildings or rooms,
and it also has the problem of being very combustible, necessitating cautious storage to
avert disaster. Also, there's alcohol. Because it absorbs moisture, it keeps your hands dry.
Moisturizers should be added. Hand sanitizer with alcohol Antiseptic disinfectants are also
included in sanitizers

4.2 PROBLEMS AND WEAKNESS OF CURRENT SYSTEM

Washing hands multiple times, a day, as recommended by the Health Ministry of

India and the World Health Organization (WHO), will prevent the infection from
spreading. As a result, procedures such as hand washing with soap or using a manual hand
sanitizer were advised. Using hand sanitizer containers and repeatedly touching the tip to
acquire a drop of sanitizer begins potentially unsafe contact with others. Hence It is
necessary to have a non-contact hand sanitizer dispenser. This method was extensively
used, however there was some virus transmission as a result of hand contact with the bottle's
tip and other causes. The existing system's shortcoming is the non – updated refilling of the
sanitizer container to maintain time to time refilling. Touching the tip of the bottle every
time, as well as a variety of other issues.

Gujarat Technological University 13 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 System Analysis
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4.3 REQUIRMENTS OF NEW SYSTEM

In the times of COVID-19 sanitizers are needed more and more for sanitary purposes.
The touchless hand disinfection machine is designed to nebulize hand sanitizer, gel or
alcohol, and provide automatic dosage of drop, which enables a quick and easy hand
disinfection and eliminates cross contamination, achieving optimal hand hygiene.
Automatic Hand Sanitizer Dispenser is a touch-free dispenser that operates through
Advanced Infrared Sensors, eliminating the need to touch, ensuring the highest level of
hygiene and preventing the spread of germs.

Simply place your hand under the dispenser and a measured dose will automatically
be dispensed. We also integrate IoT into this device. Internet Of Things simply means
connecting everyday objects to the internet for storing, collecting and analyzing data. We
use Thing-Speak to achieve this in this project.

4.5 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Due to some problems and weakness in the earlier present system, we researched
and devoloped a new system that is quite more smarter than the previous one with much
more features enabled within it, which would be discussed further in the chapters. The
proposed system contains following things encapsulated in it.

The Automatic Hand Sanitizer Dispenser is a touch-free dispenser that uses Advanced
Infrared Sensors to eliminate the need for touching, maintaining the greatest degree of
cleanliness, and reducing germ transmission. Simply put your palm beneath the dispenser,
and a calculated amount will be given automatically. In a 21st-century context, contactless
automated sanitizers that can create an alarm for a refill are the next stage. All of this is
possible with the sanitizer we invented, which also displays the current amount of liquid in
the sanitizer on the O-led screen which is inbuilt in the side of the project. This gadget also
incorporates IoT due to which the hospitality team gets the message to refill the sanitizer
with the liquid. The term "Internet of Things" refers to the process of linking common
things to the internet in order to store, gather, and analyse data. In this project, we utilise
ThingSpeak to do this.

Gujarat Technological University 14 VGEC, Chandkheda

219919 System Analysis
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4.6 FEATURES OF NEW SYSTEM

We investigated and developed a new system that is much smarter than the old one,
with many more functions enabled inside it, due to several faults and weaknesses in the
previous system, which will be described more in the chapters. The following items are
contained in the proposed system. It contains the following features in it. They are as
follows :

• Ultrasonic Sensor detects the liquid level.

• Node MCU Sends the data to Thing-Speak.
• We can visualize the data in Thing-Speak.
• The data will be displayed in the custom made website for IoT
• An alert is send to the E-Mail via Node MCU when the tank is empty.
• The gsm module is also made available along with the O-led screen to stay updated
with the liquid level.

4.7 LIST OF COMPONENTS/MAIN MODULES/PROCESSES

The proposed system has very advanced features and compactness as compared to
the previous system. It is more reliable and smart along with its durability. There are several
components in the proposed system which are as follows :

• Node MCU ESP8266

• Connecting wires
• Ultrasonic sensor
• Indicator LED
• Thing-Speak Platform
• Power Supply
• PCB
• 10K potentiometer
• O-LED Screen
• GSM Module
• Soldering Wire
• Custom Design

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The process includes the Node MCU – 8266 connected with various sensors and GSM
module for the live status update for the level of the sanitizer liquid present in the device
and sends the information to the related or say connected webpage through the IOT
webpage and to the management/Hospitality responsible person. The Automatic Hand
Sanitizer Dispenser is a touch-free dispenser that uses Advanced Infrared Sensors to
eliminate the need for touching, maintaining the greatest degree of cleanliness, and
reducing germ transmission.

Simply put your palm beneath the dispenser, and a calculated amount will be given
automatically. In a 21st-century context, contactless automated sanitizers that can create an
alarm for a refill are the next stage. All of this is possible with the sanitizer we invented,
which also displays the current amount of liquid in the sanitizer. This gadget also
incorporates IoT. The term "Internet of Things" refers to the process of linking common
things to the internet in order to store, gather, and analyse data. In this project, we utilise
Thing-Speak to do this along with the O-LED screen showing the level of the liquid in the
product or the storage bowl.

4.8 SELECTION OF HARDWARE / SOFTWARE

The Hardware and the Software used for making the finalized product is given by
each detailing of the instruments used in it. They are as follows:

4.8.1 Hardware List and Details :

1) Node MCU – ESP8266

NodeMCU is an open source firmware for which open source prototyping
board designs are available. The name "NodeMCU" combines "node" and "MCU"
(micro-controller unit).The term "NodeMCU" strictly speaking refers to the
firmware rather than the associated development kits. Both the firmware and
prototyping board designs are open source.

The prototyping hardware typically used is a circuit board functioning as a dual

in-line package (DIP) which integrates a USB controller with a smaller surface-
mounted board containing the MCU and antenna. The choice of the DIP format

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allows for easy prototyping on breadboards. The design was initially based on the
ESP-12 module of the ESP8266, which is a Wi-Fi SoC integrated with a Tensilica
Xtensa LX106 core, widely used in IoT applications.

FIG 4.8.1.1 Node MCU – ESP8266

2) Ultrasonic Sensor

In order to calculate the distance between the sensor and the object, the sensor
measures the time it takes between the emission of the sound by the transmitter to
its contact with the receiver. The formula for this calculation is D = ½ T x C (where
D is the distance, T is the time, and C is the speed of sound ~ 343 meters/second).
For example, if a scientist set up an ultrasonic sensor aimed at a box and it took
0.025 seconds for the sound to bounce back, the distance between the ultrasonic
sensor and the box would be:

FIG 4.8.1.2 Ultrasonic Sensor

An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object

using ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and

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receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s

proximity. High- frequency sound waves reflect from boundaries to produce
distinct echo patterns.

3) GSM Module

A GSM module or a GPRS module is a chip or circuit that will be used to

establish communication between a mobile device or a computing machine and a
GSM or GPRS system. The modem (modulator-demodulator) is a critical part here.

FIG 4.8.1.3 GSM Module

These modules consist of a GSM module or GPRS modem powered by a power

supply circuit and communication interfaces (like RS-232, USB 2.0, and others) for
computer. A GSM modem can be a dedicated modem device with a serial, USB or
Bluetooth connection, or it can be a mobile phone that provides GSM modem
capabilities.

4) O-LED Display
The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display that we’ll use in this tutorial
is the SSD1306 model: a monocolor, 0.96-inch display with 128×64 pixels as
shown in the following figure:

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The OLED display doesn’t require backlight, which results in a very nice contrast in
dark environments. Additionally, its pixels consume energy only when they are on, so the
OLED display consumes less power when compared with other displays.

The model we’re using here has only four pins and communicates with the Arduino
using I2C communication protocol. There are models that come with an extra RESET pin.
There are also other OLED displays that communicate using SPI communication.

FIG
4.8.1.4 O-LED Display

4.8.2 Software Tools

1) Things-Speak

ThingSpeak is an open-source software written in Ruby which allows users to

communicate with internet enabled devices. It facilitates data access, retrieval and
logging of data by providing an API to both the devices and social network
websites. ThingSpeak was originally launched by io-Bridge in 2010 as a service in
support of IoT applications.

ThingSpeak has integrated support from the numerical computing software

MATLAB from MathWorks, allowing ThingSpeak users to analyse and visualize
uploaded data using MATLAB without requiring the purchase of a MATLAB
license from MathWorks. It is a great software to integrate the sensors data and
visualize in the form of graphs and charts.

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FIG 4.8.2.1 Thing-speak Server

2) PHP MyAdmin
phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended to handle the
administration of MySQL, over the Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of
operations on MySQL and MariaDB. Frequently used operations (managing
databases, tables, columns, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc) can be
performed via the user interface, while you still have the ability to directly execute
any SQL statement.

PhpMyAdmin is translated and also supports both RTL and LTR

languages so that the wide range of people can easily use this software. We can run
MySQL queries, repair, optimized, check tables, and also execute other database
management commands. phpMyAdmin can also be used to perform administrative
tasks such as database creation, query execution. We can manually create database
and table and execute the query on them. It provides a web-based interface and can
run on any server. Since it is web-based, so we can access it from any computer.

FIG 4.8.2.2 PhpMyAdmin

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3) Webpage
A web page is a single hypertext document available on World Wide Web
(WWW). It is composed of HTML elements and displayed on the user's browser
such as Mozilla, Firefox, Chrome etc.. are called as a page. The webpage is
also used to display contents running on the backend of the page like the css,
javascript, python and many such more integration of the languages.

FIG 4.8.2.3 WebPage

WebSite: A website is a collection of several web pages. These pages are

linked together with hyperlinks. A website has a unique domain name, and we can
access it by entering that domain name in the URL.

Web Browser: A web browser or simply browser is application software

used to access the internet. Some examples of Web browsers are Google Chrome,
Microsoft Internet Explorer, Safari, etc. It does two things:It connects to a web
server on the internet and requests a page that the user wants to view; once it finds
that page, it displays it on its device.

Webserver: A web server can be understood as a computer that hosts or

provide a website on the internet. It contains webserver software and component
files of a website such as HTML document, images, CSS stylesheet, and JS files.

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5. IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 IMPLEMENTATION PLATFORM

The implementation platform or say environment was pretty equipped with the
contemporary equipment under the electronics lab and the mechatronics lab under the
supervision of industry/company mentors. It includes the numerous operations such as the
3d printing of the components involved in the product production of automated hand
sanitizer machine. The product was gone through numerous revies such as durability and
cost efficiency when adopted among the competition. Then the product foundation was
determined and the hardware for the execution of the purpose has been implemented in it.
The hardware and the microcontroller unit utilised is combined with numerous sensors and
then hard programmed in order to make it operate. After multiple test and run the product
was ready for the market introduction.

5.2 PROCESS/PROGRAM/TECHNOLOGY/MODULES

FIG 5.2 Process Chart

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The hardware included the Node MCU-ESP8266 was used to integrate with the Internet
connection and maintain the IOT protocol for live status update. The GSM was also used
to send the statistics of the data obtained from the sensor to the handlers phone via message.
The things speak server is also used to display live data on the webpage which is opened
through the specific domain URL. The coding done in the Node MCU-ESP8266 is done in
the IDLE of Arduino which is quite easy and ready to implement.

FIG 5.2.1 CODING

FIG 5.2.2 CODING

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5.3 FINDINGS/RESULTS

The findings and the test resulted that the after various debugging in the code and
structure in the modelling of the product, the final product was ready to be handed over to
the client.

FIG 5.3.1 Final Product

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5.4 RESULT ANALYSIS

The final result and analysis we obtained by testing the product was quite productive
and with no errors after several testing and analysis. The various result analysis is shown
through the figures given below:

FIG 5.4.1 Product Result

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2) The test result after placing the hand below the sanitizer machine

FIG 5.4.2 Result 2

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6. TESTING

6.1 TESTING PLAN

The testing plan included the various performance and code working planning along
with its testing in practical way. The testing plan is first to provide a power supply to the
product and then start with the first initial process by placing the hand under the nozzle of
the tube. It automatically dispenses the liquid out of it. After some amounts of delay it stops
and by gradually at a certain threshold limit the things-speak analyse the value and gives
the alert to the responsible person to fill the refill.

FIG 6.1 Test Analysis - 1

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6.2 TEST RESULT AND ANALYSIS

FIG 6.2.2 WEBPAGE

FIG 6.2.3 Mobile Competency

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7. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION

7.1 OVERALL ANALYSIS OF INTERNSHIP

I achieved many of my learning goals during the internship period, however I

had gained a full-proof understanding of how the things get works and practical
knowledge is obtained. On the whole, this internship was a useful experience. I got
insight into professional practice and learned the different facets of working within
an industry. I experienced that technical hand on experience, as in many
organisations and industries, is an important factor for the progress of projects.
Related to my study I learned more about the Hardware and software for robotics
and embedded systems. There is still a lot to discover and to improve. The methods
used at the moment are still not standardized and a consistent method is in
development and will succeed slowly and gradually by time.

7.2 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

• We encountered several problems like the power supply, durability of the product,
Api connection of internet through ThingSpeak server.
• We went for the critical thinking of all these terms and came out solution for the
continuous power supply is to connect adapter for that.
• In case of network issue if the Node MCU Esp-8266 is unable to connect the
internet, the GSM module sends an alert message to the user about the situation.

7.3 LIMITATION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

• There are several limitation for the Automatic Hand Sanitizer Machine that it does
only a single work at a time and dispenses the liquid.
• Due to the constant power supply it may get damage due to overheating or power
supply may gets off.
• As it involves man-work to fill refill its bottle, it should insteadly use the fogging
machine along with sanitizer to make use of it at its greatest potential.
• Multiple Hands can ne sanitized using the dual insided fogging machine instead of
this single unit.

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REFERENCES

1) Hurriyatul Fitriyah*, Edita Rosana Widasari, Eko Setiawan, and Brian Angga Kusuma,
“Interaction design of automatic faucet for standard hand-wash” MATEC Web of
Conferences (2018).

2) E. Stanley and Sr. Flowers, Automatic Hand Washing and Drying Machine, U.S. Patent
US5924148A (1999).

3) D. K. Nayana, Patil, K. S. Mallikarjun, A. M. Manoj, G. N. Mallikarjun and S. NS,

"Automatic hand sanitizer dispenser using Arduino", New arch-international journal of
contemporary architecture, vol. 8, no. 1s, pp. 283-286, 2021.

4) C. Tadikonda, "Smart Sanitizer Disperser with Level Monitoring", Turkish Journal of

Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 994-999, 2021.

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