Lesson 1: Nature of Mathematics I. Objectives

Lesson 1: Nature of Mathematics
I. Objectives
 Determine the regularities and patterns present in the natural world

 Discuss the value of mathematics in daily life
 Appreciate the different aspects of mathematics
 See the relevance of nature in mathematics
II. Overview
Mathematics in Nature is a science and mathematics unit that gives students chance to investigate
and learn about mathematical patterns that may be discovered in the natural world, like tessellations
and the Fibonacci sequence. The unit includes transdisciplinary links to other topic areas as well.
Mathematics is the science of patterns and relationships. As a theoretical discipline, mathematics

explores the possible relationships among abstractions have counterparts in the real world.
Mathematics helps control nature and occurance in the world. Mathematics can help us control
our nature. Mathematics has numerous application in the world. Math is everywhere in finance,
industry, arts, sports, travelling, time and lastly our daily live.
Patterns of Nature
Natural patterns include symmetries, trees, spirals, meanders, waves, foams, tessellations, cracks and
stripes. Early Greek philosophers studied pattern, with Plato, Pythagoras and Empedocles attempting to
explain order in nature. The modern understanding of visible patterns developed gradually over time.
III. Content
Types of Patterns
 Symmetry - In mathematics, especially in geometry and its applications, an object is said

to have symmetry if it can be divided into two identical halves.
 Trees, Fractal - Fractals occur in many places in nature. For example, the tree from which
the leaf fell is full of fractals. If you look at a tree, you will see a shape the looks like a Y.
This simple shape repeats itself within a branch, into another branch, and into the full
shape of the tree.
 Spiral - Spiral is a curved pattern that focuses on a center point and a series of circular
shapes that revolve around it. Examples of spirals are pine cones, pineapples,
hurricanes. The reason for why plants use a spiral form like the leaf picture above is
because they are constantly trying to grow but stay secure.
 Chaos, Flow, Meanders - The term 'Chaos, Flow, Meander' is a facet of the complex world
of pattern; speaking to the tricky patterning found in nature that is not quite perfectly
replicated- often featuring fractals. Beyond decorative, pattern serves as a function on
the eye and mind, but can act out in any of the senses.
 Waves, Dunes - Dunes may form a range of patterns including crescents, very long
straight lines, stars, domes, parabolas, and longitudinal or seif ('sword') shapes.
Barchans or crescent dunes are produced by wind acting on desert sand; the two horns
of the crescent and the slip face point downwind. Waves are disturbances that carry
energy as they move. Wind waves are created as wind passes over a large body of
water, creating patterns or ripples. When wind passes over land, it creates dunes. Dunes
may form a range of patterns as well.
 Bubbles, Foams - Bubbles and foams are patterns in nature that are formed from
repeating spheres. Foams are a volume of bubbles of many sizes, where the spaces
between each larger bubble contain smaller bubbles. In some ways, foams can be
fractal.
 Tessellations - Tessellations form a class of patterns found in nature. The arrays of

hexagonal cells in a honeycomb or the diamond-shaped scales that pattern snake
skin are natural examples of tessellation patterns.
 Cracks - Cracks form when wet earth dries up and shrinks. The cracks form over a range
of scales and share the same characteristic shapes. These cracks form perfect sites for
seeds to sprout. A dry old log shows a similar fractal cracking pattern.
 Spots, Stripes - Both patterns are created by wave-like structures in the chemistry.
Long, parallel waves produce stripes. A second system of waves, at an angle to the first,
can cause the stripes to break up into series of spots. Mathematically, stripes turn into
spots when the pattern of parallel waves becomes unstable.
At the end of the activity, the students will be able to:

a) Identify the different type of patterns in nature
b) Enumerate the pictures below
IV. Activity
Direction: Identify the picture and write the type of pattern below:
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
V. Conclusion
Mathematics is so important in our modern culture, some basic learning and understanding of
its nature is required for scientific literacy. To do so, students must see mathematics as an
integral part of the scientific endeavor and as an important part of solving some scientific
equations, understand the nature of mathematical thinking, and become acquainted with key
mathematical ideas and skills.
Lesson 2: Mathematical language and symbol

I. Objectives
 Improve your mathematical ideas to be more structured.

 Put an equation into a familiar language to make the subject easy
 Understand the nature of mathematics as a language
 Appreciate that mathematics is a useful language.
II. Overview
Mathematical language and symbols in mathematics, a symbol language is a language

that uses characters or symbols to represent ideas, such as mathematical operations,
expressions, and definitions, as well as the objects or operands on which the operations are
carried out.The important mathematical symbols used in math allow us to conceptually reason
about mathematical ideas. Simply put, without symbols, humans cannot perform
mathematics.The mathematical signs and symbols are thought to be value representations.The
basic mathematical symbols are used to express mathematical ideas.
The Mathematics language are more precise than any other language, it has it own
grammar, syntax, vocabulary, word order, abbreviations, sentence structure and paragraph
structure. It has a certain language features unparalleled in other languages such as
representations Learning mathematical language. Similar to other subject areas, mathematics
has its own specialized language that students need to comprehend in order to make sense of it
and advance their understanding. Mathematical problem solving requires the ability to recognize
language in a variety of mathematical settings and for a variety of goals.
Mathematical symbol
- A character that is used to indicates a mathematical relation or operation.
Example:
III. Content
Characteristics of modern Mathematics
 Applicability and effectiveness

 Abstraction and generality
 Simplicity
 Logical derivation, axiomatic arrangement
 Precision, correctness, evolution, through dialectic

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Lesson 1: Nature of Mathematics

 Determine the regularities and patterns present in the natural world

Mathematics is the science of patterns and relationships. As a theoretical discipline, mathematics

 Symmetry - In mathematics, especially in geometry and its applications, an object is said

 Tessellations - Tessellations form a class of patterns found in nature. The arrays of

At the end of the activity, the students will be able to:

Lesson 2: Mathematical language and symbol

 Improve your mathematical ideas to be more structured.

Mathematical language and symbols in mathematics, a symbol language is a language

 Applicability and effectiveness

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