Formula Sheet
Formula Sheet
Formula Sheet
Vector product: A × B = (Ay Bz − Az B y , Az Bx − Ax Bz , Ax B y − Ay Bx )
∂F ∂Fy ∂Fx ∂Fz ∂Fy ∂Fx
∇ × F = z − , − , −
∂ y ∂z ∂ z ∂x ∂ x ∂y
r = r rˆ ; v = r rˆ + rφ φˆ ; a = (r − rφ ) rˆ + (rφ + 2rφ) φˆ
2
;
L2
U eff (r ) = + U (r ) ;
2µ r 2
2 1 1
Moment of inertia: Sphere: I = MR 2 ; Cylinder: I = MR 2 ; Stick w.r.t. end: I = ML2
5 2 3
x( t )
m dx '
One-dimensional motion: t = ∫
2 x( 0) E − U ( x ')
GMm dv(t ) dm(t )
Gravity force: Fg ( r ) = Rocket motion: m(t ) =
− vex − m(t ) g
r2 dt dt
Variants of formula for Kepler orbits:
γ 2µ 2
r (φ ) =
rc
1 + ε cos φ
2
; rc = ; E = 2 ε − 1 ; rmin =
γµ 2
2
= c
r
γ µ (1 + ε ) 1 + ε
( )
rmax 1 + ε 2 4π 2
ε=
rc
rmin
− 1; =
rmin 1 − ε
;T =
Gmzwaar
b
a3 ; =
a
(1 − ε ) ;2
Rotating system:
dQ dQ
= + Ω ×Q
dt S0 dt S
ma = Fext + FCoriolis + Fcentrifugal + Finertial
dΩ
FCoriolis = − 2mΩ × v ; Fcentrifugal = − mΩ × (Ω × r ) ; Finertial = −m ×r
dt
Inertia tensor:
=
L I ω
∑ mα ( yα2 + zα2 ) ; I xy =
I xx =
α
−∑ mα xα yα ; etc.
α
Theory of relativity:
c ±V
(v x ', v y ', vz ')= (( v x − V ) / (1 − Vvx / c 2 ) , v y / γ (1 − Vvx / c 2 ) , vz / γ (1 − Vvx / c 2 ) ; ) f=
c V
f0