1 THE PAST SIMPLE - EL PASADO SIMPLE Afirmativa: Sujeto + raiz del verbo + ed They talked. Negativa: Sujeto + did not/didn’t+ raiz del verbo He did not talk. Interrogativa: Did + sujeto + raiz del verbo Did you talk? A El pasado simple se emplea para expresar acciones que ocurrieron en un momento definido del pasado. Este momento queda definido por expresiones temporales como yesterday, last year, in 1995, last November, etc. She finished school last year. When I was a child, we lived in Brazil. B_ Con la palabra ago. Three years ago | went to London. (Hace tres afios fui a Londres.) He left the room an hour ago. (Sali de la habitacién hace una hora.) Nota: Como ves la expresi6n con ago, puede ir al principio 9 al final de la frase. Fijate que decimos three years ago, pero en espafiol "hace tres afios". C Para contar una sucesién de hechos, acciones que ocurrieron una tras otra. She ran down the street but there was no one around. She called for help and then she saw the red car again. D Para acciones acabadas que ocurrieron en el pasado, aunque no mencionamos el momento preciso. Who wrote that letter? Reglas ortograficas Los verbos irregulares tienen una forma propia de pasado. Con el uso y haciendo un esfuerzo de memoria, los iras aprendiendo, En el apéndice 5 encontraras una lista de los verbos irregulares. Los verbos regulares forman el pasado afiadiendo ed. Debes tener en cuenia los siguientes cambios ortograficos: a_ Si un verbo acaba en e, sélo afiadiremos la d. change + changed love + loved type + typed b Sila titima silaba del verbo esta formada por consonante + vocal + consonante y es una silaba acentuada, doblamos la Ultima consonante. stop -> stopped prefer -+ preferred Si no va acentuada, no dobla. open -+ opened ¢ Si el verbo acaba en consonante + y, cambiamos la y por i y afiadimos ed. try + tried fry > fried Pero si un verbo regular acaba en vocal + y se le afiade ed. play — played enjoy —* enjoyed‘The Past Simple and Past Co EXERCISE 1 Write the past form of the regular verbs below. 4. worry wWonied., 6. employ 2. invent 7. step 3. cook 8. die 4. want 9. repeat 5. open 10. copy EXERCISE 2 Complete the following table of irregular verbs. Present Past Present Past 4. begin 11. be 2. catch 12. write 3. 13. build 4, felt 14. see 5. send 15. know 6. bought 16. 7. go 17. hear 8. think 18. took 9. ran 19. come 10. 20. forgot EXERCISE 3 Fill in the blanks with a time expression from the list below. Some time expressions can fit more than one sentence. in 1789 longago —_ two minutes ago last year when while Last ye she was 11 years old. Now she's 12. The French Revolution took place He played the trumpet he was younger. Brian, your sister called Please call her back. gs ero , people made fire by rubbing two sticks together.. it was snowing, we stayed inside and drank hot chocolate. 7. The accident occurred ... .. . Now there's a huge traffic jam. 8. Andy stopped studying French .. .. . He said he was too busy. EXERCISE 4 Fill in the blanks with the Past Simple form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Because Jerry Urry... (not hurry) to the bus-stop, he ..... (miss) the bus. 2. When you... place to place or .... (be) in France, (you / drive) from . (you / take) the train? 3. Pamela ..... .. (dive) into the pool and..... .-. (rescue) the child. Last night lan . .. (dream) about flying. Joe was so hungry that he 6. The children ... (eat) four plates of food. (make) such a mess that their mother (be) very angry. 7. He us ... (not copy) the information into his notebook. 8. He... . (wear) his new suit to the conference. 9. The Bensons .. . (fly) to Rome last night. 10. (Brian / take) a picture of a camel? 11. Alan... (not put) the clothes in the washing-machine. 12. Karen. .. (choose) the green dress, not the yellow one. 13. Last month, Mrs Silver ..... (buy) a new one. .. (Sell) her house and 14. (John / win) a medal in the athletics competition? 15. The Titanic .... (sink) after hitting an iceberg in 1912, EXERCISE 5 Fill in the blanks with the Past Simple form (positive or negative) of the verbs in brackets. Make sure your sentences make sense. There may be more than one correct answer. wo. he Mace (understand) -. work at nine, but Joe . .. the Italian film last night, but I .... ... the Dutch one. 54ov o ‘The Past Simple end Past Continuous Jill... .. to go to London, but her friend .... . to. go there. (want) Marilyn .. ... the concert last night, but Alan .. . itat all. (enjoy) ... a lot of tennis, but she When Tina was younger, she .. .... any hockey. (play) Lynn .. ... Jack a present yesterday, but she . Ronnie one. (give) When she to the bakery last night, she .. .. some buns, but she . any cakes. (go, buy) 8. The noise ... Brian, but it ..... .. Jimmy. (frighten) 9. Emma..... to do her project again, but Rita .... sae (Os (have) 10. Dave.... . his leg when he .. ... down the stairs three weeks ago; he .. ... his arm. (break, fall) EXERCISE 6 Practise the Past Simple by answering the following questions using the words in brackets and your own ideas. Make positive or negative sentences. al Did Joan get Tom’s message? (write) A Did Dora understand yesterday's homework? (do) Did everyone remember Eric's birthday? (forget) Did she have enough money? (borrow) Did Eve have any visitors? (come) Did Alan stay home from work? (catch a cold) Did she read the article? (read last night)9. Did he buy the supplies for the trip? (forget) 10. Did he go downstairs? (go outside) 11. Do you know my friend Ben? (meet) 12. Did his girlfriend bring any refreshments? (buy) EXERCISE 7 Change the following sentences into Yes / No questions. 1. Andy had a birthday party last week. Did And a birthday. party last.week?. 2. Rachel lost her camera while she was on holiday last week. 3. The baby cried all night. 4. The criminal escaped from the police. 5. The workers went on strike for more money. 6. Alan and Joe went to Greece last summer. 7. Princess Diana spoke on TV last night. 8. Marie used to live in Paris, EXERCISE 8 Write Wh-questions in the Past Simple using the words given below. 1. Why / Colin / leave / his job Wh 2. Where / you / go / for your holiday‘The Past Simple and Past Continuous 3. What/ the teacher / say / to you » Who / eat / all the cake o Whose coat / you / borrow 7. Which film / you / like / best 8. Why/you/ take / my atlas 9. When / Mr and Mrs Ames / come /to live here 10. How/ you / know / what to do EXERCISE 9 Jack is asking Jill about a film. Fill in Jack’s questions. Jack: (1)... Jill: Yes, | saw the new film last night. Jack: (2)... Jil: | went with Martha and Betty. Jack: (3)... dill: It was showing at the “Rio” Cinema. Jack: (4)... Jill: We got there by bus. Jack: (5)... Jill: Yes, it was a wonderful film. 573 EXERCISE 10 Fill in the blanks with the Past Simple form of the verbs in brackets. Include the negative and question forms. There may be more than one correct answer. 1. When we were in London, we ...$faved.... at a big hotel. | know you didn't Slay...... there, so where ......id...... you .......Sf4V.....? (stay) 2. The car .. out) and .... (come) to a complete stop. Three men .... - (get (run) to the building. The café owner across the street (want) to get involved, so he . . (phone) the police. he .... .. (make) the right decision? 3. When my parents were at school, they ..... French. Which languages ... +. YOU .. 4. Martin .... .. the pen he lost, but Karen ..... John .... .. his glasses? (find) 5. They... .. over £6,000 on their new car! | know you .. . that much. How much ++ YOU .., 2 (spend) it. Who .. 6. Moliére .. Macbeth, Shakespeare .... Treasure Island? (write) 7. My husband and! . +. at six o'clock this morning, but the children your children .-. until nine o'clock. What time... ? (get up) 8. Mrs Jones her. Where .. .. to Paris yesterday, but her husband .... . he ., .? (go) ... Second in the class, she ... ... third? (come) . with 9. Brenda ... first. Who .. very hard at school, but Dad hardly ..... .- at all. ... hard when you were at school, Grandma? (work) 58