Vidyamandir Classes

Vectors
Level – 0 CBSE Pattern

 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 1

1. c 
3
2. (i)
3
(ii)
37
 ˆj  6 kˆ 
 
 2iˆ  3 ˆj  6kˆ 3a  b
3.
7
4.
2
5. k  2 6. 
 2 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ 
 1 
7. 4iˆ  6 ˆj  12kˆ 8.  2iˆ  4 ˆj  4kˆ 9.   cos 1  
 2 39 
 
2 1
11. 12. 21 units 13. 274 sq units
7 2
     
a b  b  c  c  a
16. Unit vector to the plane ABC       
a b  b  c  c  a
1 1
17.
2
62 sq units 18.
3
5iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ 
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. D

26. A 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B

FILLERS
  
32. a and b are equal vectors 33. 0 34. 
4
 1    1 
35. k a  a is parallel to a holds true when k  1, 1    .  
2  2 
2  2  
36. a b 37. b 3 38. a

TRUE or FALSE

39. True 40. True 41. True 42. False 43. False

Mathematics | Vectors 1 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 JEE Main Pattern

dx
1.(B)  2t  4
dt t 2

dy
4
dt t 2

dz
 4t  6  2  Unit vector 
 4iˆ  4 ˆj  2kˆ   2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ 

dt t2 6 3

   
2.(D) a || b  a  kb
2 1 3
 
4  6
  2
   
3.(D)  D1  4 a  3b ;  D2  2a  5b

 2  2  
 D1  16 a  9 b  24 a  b  16  36  9  64  24  6  8  1

 576  576  1152  2304  48

 2  2  
 D2  4 a  29 b  20 a  b  4  36  25  64  20  6  8  1  144  1600  960  784

  
Longer diagonal  D1  48

4.(C) cx 2  12  6cx  0  x  R
D0 & c0
4
36c 2  48c  0   c0
3
  
5.(B) Clearly  u  v    is not meaningful as dot product of scalar & vectors is not defined.

6.(C)   
Work  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  3iˆ  2 ˆj  5kˆ  9 units

 2  2
7.(A) a b  c
 2  2  2
a  b  c
 
8.(D) Moment = r  F  (9iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ )  (3iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )  (5iˆ  kˆ )
 

iˆ ˆj kˆ
 ˆ ˆ ˆ  ˆ ˆ
 6i  j  k  (5i  k )  6 1 1  iˆ  ˆj  5kˆ
 
5 0 1

Mathematics | Vectors 2 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes


9.(A) Let vector be a  xiˆ  xjˆ  ykˆ [ It makes equal angles with X and Y axes]

a .( iˆ  2 ˆj  2k̂ )  0  –x + 2x + 2y = 0  x = – 2y
1 1
 Also, x2 + x2 + y2 = 1  9y2 = 1  y   a  (2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )
3 3

ˆ ˆj kˆ
1   1 i 1
10.(B) Area = |AC  BD |  1 2 1  |8iˆ  4 ˆj | 2 5 sq. Units
2 2 1 2 5 2

  2  
a b 1     1  a b 
11.(A)  (| a |2  |b |2  2a .b )  (1  1  2 cos )  sin 2   sin
2 4 4 2 2 2

 
12.(A) p  kq  [3ax 2i  2( x  1) j ]  k [b ( x  1)i  x j ]  3ax2 = kb(x – 1) and –2(x – 1) = kx

 3ax3 + 2b(x – 1)2 = 0

Let f(x) = 3ax3 + 2bx2 – 4bx + 2b = 0

f(0) = 2b ; f(1) = 3a + 2b – 4b + 2b = 3a
As ab < 0 ; at least one root exists in (0, 1)
f(–1) = –3a + 2b + 4b + 2b ( No conclusion) ; f(2) = 24a + 2b (No conclusion)
        
13.(C) | u | 1 ; | v |  2 ; | w|  3 ; v . u  w . u and v .w  0
              
|u  v  w |2  | u |2  | v |2  | w |2  2u . v  2v .w  2u . w = 1 + 4 + 9  | u  v  w|  14
 
14.(D) u . n  0 ; v . n  0

   1 1 0
[u v w]  1 1 0   6  0
1 2 3
  
Hence, u , v, w are non-coplanar
       
n  l u  mv  pw  n . u  l (2)  m(u .v)  p u . w    0  2l  0  p(3)
 2l  3 p  0 . . . .(i)

and v . n  l (0)  m(2)  p (1)  0  2m  p    2l = –3p = – 6m

3  p   3 1 
n   p u  v  pw  p   (i  j )  (i  j )  (i  2 j  3k )   p 3k 
2 2  2 2   
1 
As n is a unit vector, p    n   k  | w . n |  |  3 |  3
3
   
15.(B) a  i  j  k ; r . i , r . j , r . k are positive integers.
  
Let r  i  m j  nk where , m, n > 0  r . a    m  n  12
  + m + n  12

  + m + n + p = 12 where p  0    1 ; m  1; n  1 ; p0

 =  + 1, m = m + 1, n = n + 1  + m + n + p = 9

   0, m  0, n  0, p  0

9 + 4 – 1C 12C
4–1= 3

Mathematics | Vectors 3 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

     
16.(A) | a|  | c |  1 and a . c   1  a and c are collinear 
         
b   a  3c  | b |2   2 | a |2  9 | c |2  6 a . c   2  9  6 a . c  36
 
  2  6 a . c  27  0
 
a . c   1 : consider + ive sign :  2  6  27  0    3,  9
2
consider – ive sign :   6  27  0    9,  3
 
17.(B) 2a  b  iˆ  ˆj  k̂
 
a  2b  iˆ  ˆj  k̂
Solve to get:
 iˆ ˆj  iˆ ˆj
 a    kˆ and b    kˆ
3 3 3 3
 1  1   1  1 
            1 1
a b  3  3   3  3 
cos     
a b  2 2  2 2 
  1    1  1  1    1  1
 3      3     
   3    3 
  
7  7 
 cos     cos 1  
11  11 
 
18.(C) If angle between a and b is acute, then longer diagonal is at the common vertex.

 
However, if the angle between them is obtuse, then the longer diagonal is a  b (another diagonal)

   
As two side are: 5a  2b,a  3b
      1
  
We have, 5a  2b  a  3b  5  8  6  9  13a  b  40  54  13  2 2  3 
2
0

 the angle is obtuse.

     
  
Now, longer diagonal is given as: 5a  2b  a  3b  4a  5b 
 
The length of longer diagonal is 4a  5b

  1
 16  8  25  9  40 a  b  128  225  40  2 2  3   593 units
2
                 
19.(B)        
AB  CD  BC  AD  CA  BD  b  a  d  c  c  b  d  a  a  c   d  b  
                       
 b d  d a  c b  a  c  c  d  d b  a  c  b a  a  d  d  c  b a  c b
     
 2 b  a  c  b  a  c  4 area of ABC

Mathematics | Vectors 4 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

1     
20.(A) Area of  OAB  
2

a  10a  2b   a b

1     
Area of  OBC  
2
10a  2b   b  5 a b
   
 Area of parallelogram a and b as sides  a  b  q
 p  6q . Hence, k  6

21.(B) As the hexagon is regular,

   
OA   OD ….. ( OA  OD and OA and DO are parallel)
   
Similarly, OB   OE and OC   OF
     
 d   a ,e   b and f   c
        

Now, AD  EB  FC  d  a  b  e  c  f     
  
 
  2a  2b   2c  … (i)
    
Also OA  CB  a  b c
       

Now (i) becomes 2a  2b  2 b  a  4 AB  4 ED    ED  AB    
   

22.(C) Let A a  , B b ,C  c  and D d   be the vertices of the parallelogram ABCD.

Using section formula,

   
 b c  c d
a1  and b1 
2 2
   
   b c  c d   
AA1  AB1   AC 
2
a 
2
a   c a 
      
 b  c  c  d  4a  2  c  a 
 
Using AD  BC (Property of parallelogram)
           
 d  a  c b  b  2c  a  c  b  4a  2 c  a 
   
3  c  a   2 c  a 
3

2
Another approach:
     
AB1  AD  DB1 and AA1  AB  BA1
       1  1 
 
AA1  AB1  AB  AD  BA1  DB1  AC  AD  AB
2 2
  1   1  
 BA1  AD , DB1  AB 
 2 2 
 1  3
 AC  AC   
2 2
           
23.(C) a .b  c .r  a . c  b .r  a  r  . b  c  0   … (i)
           
 
a .b  c .r  b . c  a .r  b  r .  c  a   0 ... (ii)
           
b .c  a .r  c .a  b .r  c  r  . a  b  0 … (iii)
     
Using (i), (ii) and (iii), AP  BC, BP  AC and CP  AB , respectively
Hence P is the orthocenter of ABC

Mathematics | Vectors 5 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

      2 2  
24.(A) 
a b  c  a b c  c 
 c  a b c 
 
      2 2  
b c  a  a  b c  a 
 a  a b c 
 
      2 2     

c a  b  c  a b  b 
 b  a b c   a  b  c
 
    
25.(AD) a  b  a b cos   1 2 2 cos      
3

Let c  xiˆ  yjˆ  zk̂
        
a  c  b  c  a  b as the angel is same and a  b  c
 x y  y z 1  x z
2
Also c  2  x 2  y2  x 2  2  2x 2  y 2  2
Solving x  y  1 and 2x 2  y 2  2, we get:
1
 3x 2  2x  1  0   3x  1 x  1  0  x  1,
3
 11 4
 c  iˆ  kˆ or iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
3 3 3
         
   
26.(AB) a  b  2 a  c   a  b  2c  0  b  2c   a … (i)

    1
Also, b .c  b c cos   1  4   1
4
Squaring (i), we get:
2 2   2
b  4 c  4b .c   2 a  16  4  4   2     4
   
27.(A) a  b  c  d … (i)
   
And a  b  c   d
   
  a  b  c  d … (ii)
Using (i) and (ii)
     
  a  b  c  a  b  c
  
Now as a ,b, c are non- coplanar, comparing coefficients on both sides.
  1,    1    1
        
Hence a  b  c   d  a b  c d  0

28.(AC) We know G divides S (circumcentre) and O (orthocenter) in the ratio of 1:2

  
 2S  0 2S
 G   … (i)
2 1 3
      
Now, SA  SB  SC  a  b  c  3s
  
 a  b  c
But G 
3
     
 SA  SB  SC  3G  3S  3SG
     
Also 3G  3S  2S  3S   S  SO …(Using (i))
          
29.(A) a  b  c  0 and m  a .b  b . c  c.a
        
|a  b  c |2  | a |2  | b|2  | c |2  2m ; 0 – 2m =| a |2  | b |2  | c |2  0  m  0

Mathematics | Vectors 6 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
30.(B) A  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ; B  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ; C  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
  
|AB |  | BC |  |CA |   is equilateral.
  
a .(b  c )  0 
         
31.(D) b .(c  a )  0   2(a .b  b . c  c .a )  0
   
c .(a  b )  0 

              
|a  b  c |2  | a |2  |b |2  | c |2  2(a .b  b . c  c.a ) = 16 + 16 + 25 + 0  | a  b  c |  57
    2      
32.(A) |u  v |2  u .v |u|2|v |2 and u .v  | a |2 |b |2  0 
   
  |u  v |2  | u |2 .|v |2
             
| u |2  | a |2  |b |2  2a .b  8  2a .b  |v |2  | a |2  |b |2  2a . b  8  2a . b
         
| u  v|  |u||v |  4  (4  a . b )(4  a . b )  2 16  ( a .b )2
     
33.(A) a, c,b form RHS System means [a c b ]  0

c  ˆj  ( xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ )  ziˆ  xkˆ is one of the solutions
  
34.(C) s |r  i |2  |r  ˆj |2  |r  kˆ |2
      
| r  iˆ |2  (r  iˆ) . (r  iˆ)  (r .r ) (iˆ .iˆ)  (r .iˆ)(iˆ .r )  | r |2  ( rx ).(rx )
 
Similarly, find for others. s  3|r |2  (rx2  ry2  rz2 )  2|r |2
  
35.(D) a .b  0  2x 2  3x  1  0  (2x 1)( x 1)  0, b . ˆj  0  x  0

  Common solution: x < 0

               
36.(A) [(a  b ), 2 b, c ]  [a 2 b c ]  0   [a b c ]    4 [a b c ]   [a b c ]   4   1  (Not possible)
            
37.(C) a  (b  c )  ( x 2  2x  6)b  sin y c  (a . c ) b  (a . b ) c  ( x 2  2x  6)b  sin y c
     
As b and c are non-collinear  a . c  x 2  2x  6 and a . b   sin y
  
Also, a . (b  c )  4   x2 – 2x + 6 – siny = 4  (x – 1)2 + (1 – sin y) = 0
Sum of two non-negative numbers is zero if x = 1 and sin y = 1
 x = 1 and y = (4n + 1)   (x, y) lies on line x = 1
    
38.(C) AB  2BC  3CD  4DE  5EA

         
(b  a )  2(c  b )  3(d  c )  4(e  d )  5(a  e )

         
= 4a  b  c  d  e [ a  b  c  d  e  0]

  
= 4a  ( a )  5a

          1               
39.(A)   x (a  b )  y (b  c )  z (c  a ) and [a b c ]  ;  .a  y [a b c ] ;  . b  z [a b c ] ;  .c  x [a b c ]
8
       1    
 . (a  b  c )  ( x  y  z )[a b c ]  ( x  y  z )  x  y  z  8(  .(a  b  c ))
8

Mathematics | Vectors 7 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

             
 (a . a )b  (a . b ) a   (a . a ) b .a  (a . b )(a .a )
40.(B) b1    a . b1   0
|a |2 |a |2
 
    b . a  2
a . b 2  (a . b )   | a |  0 Hence C and D are not possible.
| a |2
               
    b . a     (c . a )  c .b   (b . a )(c . b )(a . b ) (b . a )(a . c )
b 1 .c1  b   a . c   a   b 
        0

 | a |2   | a |2 |b |2  | a |2| b |2 | a |2
       
     c a  c b1   c a a b1  
b1 .c 2  b1 .  c   a   b1    0 [ a . b1  0]

 | a |2 | b1 |2  | a |2
   
     c .a  c .b1     
a . c 2  a .  c   a   b1   0 ; a, b1, c 2 Hence, are mutually  r .
 2 2 
 |a | | b1 | 

  1 0 1
41.(A) [ a b c]  x 1 1 x = (1 + x – y – x + x2) – (x2 – y) = 1
y x 1 x  y

 3a  4b  5c 
2
42.(B) 0
     

9  16  25  2 12a  b  20b  c  15a  c  0 
         

50  24 a  b  10 4b  c  3a  c  0   a b  0  ab
       
3 a  4b   5 c  with c ; 3 a  c  4b  c   5

43.(D) 14 x 2  8x  x  0
14 x 2  7 x  0
 1
7 x  2 x  1  0  x   0, 
 2
7iˆ  2 ˆj  xkˆ

   3 
   0,  ; cos    , 1
 6  2 
 
3 x 3 x2
 1   1  4 x 2  159  3x 2  x 2  159
2 53  x 2 4 53  x 2
  
44.(B) d  6iˆ  12 ˆj  2 a  3b
   
45.(C)     a b
     
 1  b   1  a    0  b  1 ; a  1      0

46.(B) c  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ
1
x y  2
2
1 1
x y  ,y x
2 2

Mathematics | Vectors 8 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

1 1 1
x 2  y 2  z 2  1, y 2   x2  2 x  z 2  1  x2   x2  2 x   2 x2  2 x
2 2 2

k̂  c  z
1
x 2  y 2  2 xy 
2
2 3  3 3
zman   z   , 
4  2 2 
           
         a b c  b c a c b a a b c
 a b c   b c a   c a b        1 1  
47.(B)             2 1  1
      b c a  c a b  a b 
c  a b c
       
     
48.(D) a b c sin  cos   a b c
 
 : b / w a & b
  
 : b / w c & a  b

sin   1  
2
     
cos   1    a  b and a  b  c
2
        
 a b c  a b  b c  c  a  0
      
49.(D) a  (b  c )  (2b  3c )  (b  c )
          
a  2b  3c  a b  c  a  b c  6b c  6
        
50.(A) If a, b & c are coplanar, then 2 a  b , 2 b  c & 2 c  a are coplanar too.
     
 2 a  b 2 b  c 2 c  a   0
 
        
51.(D)    
a  b  p  b  c  q  c  a   r  1  1  1  3

  2            
52.(C) ab c  0   
9  1  16  2 a  b  b  c  c  a  0  a  b  b  c  c  a   13

53.(D) Let   xiˆ  yiˆ
 
 v  0
4x  3 y  0
4
y x
3
 4
   xiˆ  xjˆ
3
 x ˆ

3
  
3i  4 ˆj  3iˆ  4 ˆj 

  4iˆ  3 ˆj

Let v  xiˆ  yjˆ

Mathematics | Vectors 9 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

   
v  v
1  & 2 
 

4x  3 y 3x  4 y
1 2
5 5
4x  3 y  5
 solve
3 x  4 y  10
x  2, y   1

 v  2iˆ  ˆj
        
54.(D) d a  ; d b  ; d c 
8 8 8
   

      8d  a  b  c 
                
55.(C)         
a  b  c   a  c  b  a  b c  4  a  b b  a  b c  x 2  2 x  6 b  sin y c 
 
x2  2 x  6  4  a  b
 
sin y   a  b  x 2  2 x  6  4  sin y  x 2  2 x  2  sin y   x  12  1  sin y

Possible value: x  1, y   2n  1
2
  
56.(B) AB  OB  OA
  
BC  OC  OB
  
CD  OD  OC
  
DE  OE  OD
  
EA  OA  OE
    
So, AB  2BC  3 CD  4 DE  5EA
         

  OB  OC  OD  OE  4OA   OB  OC  OD  OE  4 OA 
        
 
  OB  OC  OD  OE  OA  5 OA   O  5 OA  5 a
   
a b a c xy  2 zy  3xz 2 xz  3xy  yz
57.(B)       2 xy  yz  xz  0 …… (i)
b c y2  4 z 2  9x2 4 z 2  9 x2  y 2
 
ad  0  x  y  2z  0 …… (ii)
Putting x  y  2 z in (i)
2  y  2 z  y  yz   y  2 z  z  0

 2 y 2  4 zy  2 z 2  0  y 2  z 2  2 zy  0   z  y 2  0  z y
So, x  z

a   x,  x,  x  & 3 x 2  2 3  3 x 2  12  x2  4  x  2

a   2,  2,  2  [obtuse angle with y-axis]

Mathematics | Vectors 10 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

58.(A)

      2  

  
DB  AB  AB  AD  AB  AB  AD  AB

 b2  a 2  c 2  2a 2  b2  a 2  c 2 3a 2  b 2  c 2
 a 2  ab cos   a 2  ab   
 2ab  2 2

59.(B) From the condition given,

       
a  d r b  c  AD r BC & b  d  r c  a  BD r CA
So, it is an orthocentre of  ABC

60.(B)  iˆ ;
x̂   ˆj
ŷ 

Then  kˆ
xˆ  yˆ 

So, aiˆ  ajˆ  ckˆ, iˆ  kˆ, ciˆ  cjˆ  bkˆ are in a plane
a a c
 1 0 1 0   ac  a  b  c   c 2  0   ac  ac  ab  c 2  0  c 2  ab
c c b
  
61.(A) r a b
     
Take cross with a  a  (r  a )  a  b
   
         (a .r )  a  b
  (a . a ) r  (a .r ) a  a  b   r   a   
|a |2 | a |2
   
a .r   a  b
 Let   x  r  x a  
| a |2 | a |2
           
If we take cross with b : b  (r  a )  b  b  0  (a .b )r  (b . r ) a  0
   
This will give no condition as a  r b and b  r r . You will only prove 0 = 0.

Alternative approach:
   
Hence, r , a and a  b are coplanar.
   
 r  a .l  m (a  b )

Take cross with a
   
 r  a  0  m (a  b )  a
       0 
 b  m [(a . a )b  ( a . b ) a ]
   1   1  
 b  m | a |2 b  m     r  l a   (a  b )
| a |2 | a |2
   
    a.r   a .r   1  
Take dot with a : a . r  l| a |2  0  l    r      a   (a  b )
2
| a |2 | a | 
  | a |2

Mathematics | Vectors 11 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  

62.(C) AB   2i  3 j  3k ; AC  4i  5 j  (  10) k ; AD  6i  2 j  3k

1 2 3 3
Volume  4 5   10  11
6 6 2 3

 –2(–15 –2( – 10)) –3 [– 12 – 6 ( – 10))–3 (– 22) = 66   = 7 or 1

           
63.(C) |a  b |2  2 ; a . b 1 ; As |a  b |2  | a . b |2  | a |2|b |2  2  1  (3)| b |2  |b |  1

Only (C) has magnitude 1.

 
Another approach: a  b  j  k
   
a  (a  b )  a  ( j  k )

      i j k    1 
 (a . b ) a  (a . a )b  1 1 1 a  3b   2i  j  k  b  [a  2i  j  k ]  i
0 1 1 3

64.(C) AB2 + AC2 = BC2 = (2BD)2 = 4AD2  AB  AC  2 AD

 1   1 
AM  . AC ; AN  AB ;
AC AB
1  1  1  1 
Fresultant = . AC  . AB = AC  AB
AC AB AC 2 AB 2

 1 
2
2  1 
2
2  
|Fresultant | =  2 
AC   2
AB 2  2 2
. AC . AB
 AC   AB  AC AB

1 1 AB 2  AC 2 4 AD 2 1
 2
 2
  2

AC AB AB . AC 2 AD AD
Check: Option (D) is the square of the magnitude of Fresultant.
     
65.(C) (a  b)  c  a  (b  c)
              
(a . c) b  (c . b ) a  (a . c)b  (a . b)c and a . b  0 ; b . c  0 
 
  a and c are collinear.
      1   
66.(D) ( a . c ) b  (b . c ) a  | c || b |a
3
    1     1 2 2
 a . c  0 and  (b . c)  | b || c |   | b || c | cos   cos     sin  
3 3 3
       
67.(B) a . b  0 ; r . a  0, r . b  1, [r a b ]  1

 
a r b
   
Make 3 vector which are non-coplanar. (a, b, a  b)
         
r  la  mb  n (a  b) ; r . a  l  m(0)  0  l  0 as r . a  0
   
r . b  l (a . b)  m(1)  0  0  m  m  1
        
(a  b) . r  0  0  n | a  b |2  1  n(1)  n  1  r  b  (a  b)

Mathematics | Vectors 12 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

        
68.(A)   (a .a)a  (a . b) b  (a .c)c
       
  (a .b) a  (b .b) b  (a.c) c
         
  (a . c)a  (b . c) b  (c . c) c
     
(a . a ) (a .b) ( a . c) 
            
[   ]  ( a .b) (b .b ) (b . c )   a b c 
       
( a .c) (c .b) (c . c ) 

[ using Ill - 53]

 
2   
= a b c a b c [ using standard result 9]
   
  3 3
= a b c  V
 
1  
69.(A) V1  [ a b c]
6

1    1    1   
g1  (0  b  c ) ; g 2  (0  c  a ) ; g3  (0  a  b)
3 3 3
   1       2  
V  [ g1 g 2 g 3 ]  [b  c ca a  b]  [a b c ]
27 27
2
V2   6V1  4V1  9V2
27
 
70.(D) a  r  ĵ
 
 a and r are in Z  X plane or in the plane parallel to Z  X plane
 
( ĵ is perpendicular to plane of a and r )
 
Such that a r sin   1
     
 a r cos   cot   a  r  cot , where   angle between a and r
 
Now  can be arbitrary number  a  r is arbitrary scalar.
2 2
71.(B) a  4 p 2  1   p  1  1 …..( length of vector is fixed irrespective of co-ordinate system]

 3p 2  2p  1  0
1
  p  1 3 p  1  0  p  1, 
3

a a2 1  a3 1 a a2
72.(D) b b 2 1  b 3  1  abc  1 b b 2  0 …..(by using the properties of determinants)
c c2 1  c3 1 c c2

 
 1  abc  a b c   0
    
 but a b c   0 [ a ,b,c are non-coplanar]
 
 abc   1

Mathematics | Vectors 13 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

73.(B) By using the definition of vector triple product

       2 
  
c  k a  a  b  k a b a  a b    … (i)
    2     
d   a  c  such that d  1   kl a a  b   k ' a  b     ( substitute the value of c from (i))
 1  1

 k '' ˆj  k̂  where d 1  k ''  
2
 d 
2

ˆj  kˆ

      2  2   
74.(C)   
a  a b  a b a  a b   a b  … (i) 
 a b  0 

Take cross of (i) with a
    2  
 
a  a  a b   a a b  
…. (ii) 

Take cross of (ii) with a
     2    2 2  4
  
a  a  a  a  b    a a  a  b   a  a b  a b
     
    

75.(A) pr  r . b a  c  … (i)
    
So taking dot of (i) with b   
p r .b  0  b .c  a . b  0 
 
  b .c
r .b  … (ii)
p
Substitute (ii in (i), we get
  
 b . c   c
r   a 
 p2  p
 
         
 
76.(A) a . dˆ  0  b c dˆ   b  c .dˆ  d̂ is perpendicular to a and b  c  d̂ is parallel to a  b  c
   
  
 
Hence dˆ  a  b  c where  is any scalar
     
      
dˆ   a  c  b  a  b c    1 ˆj  kˆ   1 kˆ  iˆ      iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
1 1
As d̂ is a unit vector; dˆ  
6
 iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ   dˆ  
6
iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
 
77.(B) a  d  .a  b  c  a  can be expressed as:
      
a  d  .a  b  a  c  b  c  a   a  d  .b  a  a  c   0  a  a  0 
        
 b  a  a  a  c   b  a  d  a  c   0  b  a  d a c   0
 
( a , c, d are coplanar)

       2        
78.(C) a  a  c   b  a  c  a  a c  b  0  a  c  a  c  b  0 … (i)

Take dot of (i) with a
       

a  c   a  c   a  b  0   a .b  0

Take dot of (i) with b
         
   
a  c  a  b  b  c  1  0   
0  b c 1  0  b c  1

Take dot of (i) with c
     
 a  c 2  4  b  c  0  a  c 2 3
    3 
 a  c  a c cos   3  cos    
1 2 6

Mathematics | Vectors 14 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
79.(B) a  iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ,b  2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ and c   5iˆ  2 ˆj  6k̂

AB   2  12  1  12   2  3 2  6 units

AC   5  12   2  12   6  3 2  3 6 units
As AD is the angle bisector of angle A.
Hence D divides BC in the ratio of AB : AC
 
 c  3b iˆ  5 ˆj  12kˆ
 d  
1 3 4
ˆ ˆ
 i  5 j  12k ˆ 3 9
AD 
4

 iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ 
4

iˆ  ˆj
4
 3
The length of angle bisector AD is given as: AD  10 units
4
       
a b a  mb a mb a  mb
         1       
80.(A)   a .a a .b a . a  mb   
m
a .a ma .b 
a . a  mb  [ operate C1  C1  C2  C3 ]
          
a .c b.c c . a  mb   a .c mb.c 
c . a  mb 
  
mb0 a  mb
 1       

m
0 ma .b a . a  mb   hence:   0 is the only possibility
   
0 mb.c c . a  mb  
 
81.(C) We have, from the property of angle bisectors that D divides BC in the ration of AB : AC
   
 AB c  AC b
Hence d   
AB  AC
   
   AB c  AC b 
AD  d  a     a
AB  AC
             

AB c  AC b  AB a  AC a
  
AB  c  a   AC b  a
 
 
AB  AC AB  AC
 
AB  AC 
   AC    AB
AB  AC AB  AC
 
   AC AB
Hence AD   AB   AC where     and    
AB  AC AB  AC
   
82.(B) a  b   c  a  b c sin 30

      2 2 2  
a  c  c and c  a  2 2  c  a  c  a  2a  c  8
2  
 c 2 c 98  0  c 1
   
a  b  2iˆ  2 ˆj  k̂  a b  3

 a  b   c 1 3
  3 1   
2 2

Mathematics | Vectors 15 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

83.(CD) We know that bisector is parallel to aˆ  b̂

Hence unit vector along aˆ  bˆ  

aˆ  bˆ 
aˆ  bˆ
2 2 2
Also aˆ  bˆ  aˆ  bˆ  2aˆ  bˆ

2  
 aˆ  bˆ  1  1  2 cos   2  2 cos2 
 2 


 aˆ  b̂  2 cos

 unit vector along aˆ  bˆ  
aˆ  bˆ 
2 
2cos
2
      
84.(D) a  2b  3c  0  a   2b  3c … (i)

Take cross of (i) with a
   
0   2 a  b   3  a  c  … (ii)

Take cross of (i) with b
     
a  b   3c  b  3b  c … (iii)
Combing (ii) and (iii), we have
    3  
 
a  b  3 b  c  c  a 
2
             
    
Hence a  b  b  c  c  a  3 b  c  b  c  2 b  c  6 b  c   
Hence   6
     
 b c  c a  a b
85.(C) p     ,q     ,r    
a b c  a b c  a b c 
     
        
 
      a  b  c  b  c  a   c  a  b  
Hence, a  p  b  q  c  r  
a b c 
 
                 
       
a  c  b  a  b c  b  a c  b  c a  c  b a   c  a  b
  0
a b c 
 
           
       
86.(D) b  c  a  d  c  a   b  d  a  b  c  d
                       
 a  b c  d   b  d   c  a   b  c a  d   a  b  c  d   a  c  b  d   b  c a  d   0
           
87.(C) We know, a  b   c  d    a  c  b  d   b  c a  d 
 
a  b  c .a  b   c  0 (given: both vectors are perpendicular)
   
a  a  b   b  c  c    b  c  a  b  a  c   0
         

              2
 0  b  c   a  b  a  c   0  a  c  0 or a  b b  c   a  c  b  0
 

Mathematics | Vectors 16 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

iˆ  ˆj    ˆj  kˆ   iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   n

88.(D) Unit vector perpendicular to plane of iˆ  ˆj and ˆj  k̂    is 1
iˆ  ˆj    ˆj  kˆ  3

iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   n
Unit vector perpendicular to plane of ˆj  k̂ 
 and kˆ  iˆ is 3 2

Unit vector perpendicular to plane of kˆ  iˆ  and iˆ  ˆj  

 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   n
3
3
1 1 1
   1 1 4
Volume  n1 n 2 n 3   1 1 1  202 
3 3 3 3 3
  3 1 1 1

89.(A) Using section formula,

     
 3 p  2q 3 p  2q  3 p  2q  
r   and s   3 p  2q
32 5 32
 
As OR is perpendicular to OS .
  2 2
r .s  0  9 p 4 q  0  9 p 2  4q 2
      
90.(C) AB  AC  BC  BA  CA  CB  pr sin   pq cos   qr cos
2
     
AB  AC  BC  BA  CA  CB  r 2  q 2  p 2 ( p sin   r , p cos   q )
Another approach:
       2 
AB  BC  CA  0  AB  BC  CA  0
 2  2  2      
 
AB  BC  CA  2 AB.BC  BC.CA  CA.AB  0 
        2  2    2  2  2 
  

2 AB  AC  BC  BA  CA  CB   AB  AB 

 AB  AC  CB 
 
      2
 AB  AC  BC  BA  CA  CB  p

Level - 2 JEE Advanced Pattern

 
91.(D) a  3iˆ  4 ˆj,b   iˆ  ˆj  k̂ , unit vector cˆ  xiˆ  yjˆ  zk̂
   
b c b a
Now     
b c b a
  
c  b .a 1
But   cˆ b .cˆ    x  y  z  … (i)
c a 5

Also, if we consider aˆ  cˆ  , it will be a vector parallel to b
 3 ˆ 4 ˆ
  i 
5 5 

j   xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ  
  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ 
3 4
As iˆ, ˆj,k̂ are non-coplanar,  x   ,y    ,z   
5 5
1 3 4 1 2 11 10 2 ˆ
Using (i),  x  y  z          cˆ  iˆ  ˆj  k
5 5 5 5 15 15 15 15

Mathematics | Vectors 17 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

           
 
92.(AC) u  a  a  b b  b  b a  a  b b     ( b is a unit vector)
  

 b  a b 
 
Take dot of u with b
       
 
u b  b  b  a b  0   u and b are perpendicular vectors
        
u  b  a b    b a b  a b
   
Hence, v  a  b  u
     
Also u b 0  v  u  u b
 
93.(AB) b  c  0  tan 2   tan   6  0
Solve to get: tan    2,3
 
Also a makes an obtuse angle with Z-axis  a  k̂  0

 sin 2  0    2  2       tan   0
2
 tan    2    n   tan 1 2
 
Also, sin  n     2n 
0 
2 2
Clearly option (A) and (B) satisfy and (C) and (D) do not satisfy the above condition.
     
94.(C) a1,b1 and c1 from the reciprocal system of a ,b and c .
     
 b c  c a  a b
Hence, a1     ,b1     ,c1    
a b c  a b c  a b c 
     
        
  b c
a1  b1         
 c a  

b c a c  b c c  a

    c


 b c c   0 
a b c  a b c     2  
   
a b c  a b c 
       
 
  a   b
Similarly, b1  c1     and c1  a1    
a b c  a b c 
   
      1       1   
Hence, a1  b1  b1  c1  c1  a1     a  b  c  a b c 
a b c 
     
a b  c
 
                 
95.(A) a  p b  q c  r   a  q b  r c  p   a  r b  p c  q 
     
                 
  
 a  p  .  b  q   c  r    a  q b  r c  p   a  r b  p c  q 
    
                 
 a  p  . b q r  c  b q c  r   a  q b  r c  p   a  r b  p c  q 
        
                 
 a p c  b q r   b q c  a p r   a  q b  r c  p   a  r b  p c  q 
       
                 



 
 
 
 a p c  b q r  b q c a q r    c  p   a  q    b  r  a  r b  p c  q  
 
                  
    
 a p c  b q r   b q c  a p r    c p q  a  c p a  q  . b  r  a  r b  p c  q 
  
                    
 a p c  b q r   b q c  a q r   c p q  a b r   c p a  q b r   a  r b  p c  q 
         
                   
 a p c  b q r  b q c a p r   c p q  a b r  a p c  b q r  a  r b  p c  q 
        
         
             
    

  b q c  a p r   c p q  a b r   a  r   b  p .  c  q   
 

Mathematics | Vectors 18 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

              

   
  bqc  a p r   c p q  a b r   a r p  b  a r b p  c  q 
   
            
  b q c  a p r   c p q  a b r   a r p  b c q   a r b   p c q 
       
                 
  b q c  a p r   c p q  a b r  a p r  b q c   c p q  a b r   0
       
     
96.(A) The two sides are 3 a  b and b  a .b a    
Take dot of both the vectors
     
  
3 a b . b  a b a  0  
  is right angled triangle.
    

BC  3 a  b  3 a  b 
            
 
AB  b  a  b a  a  a  b  a  b  a  a  b  a  
         
 
AB  a  b  a  a  b a sin  a  b
2

AB 1 
tan      
BC 3 6
  
Hence, angles are , and
2 6 3
97.(AC) By using the definition of reciprocal system,
     
 b c  c a  a b
a1     ,b1     ,c1    
a b c  a b c  a b c 
     

Any vector r can be expressed as a linear combination of three non-coplanar vectors.
   
Hence r  a  mb  nc … (i)
  
Take dot of (i) with a1,b1 and c1
 
r  a1   1  0  0
             
Similarly, r .b1  m and r  c1  n  r  r  a1  a  r  b1 b  r  c1  c  
     
As a ,b, c are noncoplanar, a1,b1 and c1 are also non-coplanar.
          
Hence r can also be expressed as: r  r  a  a1  r  b b1  r  c  c1  
2
a1 b1 c1
  2
98.(A) We have, a 2 b2 c2  a b c 
 
a 3 b3 c3
     
But c is perpendicular to a and b  c is parallel to a  b
   
 
c  k a  b where c  1  … (i)

      2
 c  k a b  1  k a b sin  k   
4 a b
      2

a b c   a  b  c  k a  b
   … [  using (i)]

2 2 2 1   2 1  2 1 2
    a b   a b c   a 2 b  
2  a 2 b2  b2  b2
a1  a 2 1  
  3 2 3
a b 2 2 2

Mathematics | Vectors 19 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

99.(ABCD)
        
Given: a .b  0,c .a  c a cos   cos  and b.c  b c cos   cos 
    
c  a   b   a  b   … (i)

Take dot of (i) with a
        
a .c  a .a  a .b  a . a  b  
cos     0  0    cos 

Take dot of (i) with b
 cos   0    0    cos 
    
Using (i), c  a  b   a  b  1  
Squaring the above equation, we get:
2 2  2
 2 a  2 b  2 a  b  0  0  0  1
2 2
 2 1  2 1   2 a b 1  1   2  1  22   cos 2

1  cos 2 2 cos2 
Also   2
2 2
1  cos 2
Hence,   ,  2  1  22 ,  2   cos 2, and 2 
2
     
 BC a  CA b  AB c           
100.(A) we know I    
BC  CA  AB
 BC a  CA b  AB c  BC  CA  AB I  0  
               
  
BC a  I  CA b  I  AB c  I  0     BC IA  CA IB  AB IC  0

101.(A) As aˆ , bˆ and aˆ  b̂ are non-coplanar.


Hence r  aˆ  mbˆ  n aˆ  bˆ   … (i)
Take dot of (i) with â
  
r  a   aˆ  aˆ    0   0    r  aˆ
Similarly take dot of (i) with b̂
 
 
r  bˆ    0   m bˆ  bˆ  0  m  r  b̂
 2 
And take dot of (i) with aˆ  b̂   
r  aˆ  bˆ  n aˆ  bˆ  
 n  r  aˆ  bˆ 
   
    
r  r  aˆ  aˆ  r  bˆ bˆ  r  aˆ  bˆ  aˆ  bˆ 
  
 a  b  c  1    1         
102.(D) g    | g |2  | a  b  c |2  [| a |2  |b |2 | c |2  2a . b  2b . c  2c . a ]
3 9 9

1 2 1 2
=  (3 cos )   cos 
3 9 3 3

  2 1 2 1 1 1 1  2
  0 cos      | g |2    |g| 
3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3

Mathematics | Vectors 20 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

      
103.(CD) d  x (b  c )  y (c  a )  z (a  b )
               
d . a  x [a b c ]  0  0 ; d . b  y [a b c ] ; d . c  z [a b c ] (given)
         
 
 d . a  b  c  0   ( x  y  z )[a b c ]  0 and[a b c ]  0  x + y + z = 0  x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz
  2
  2
  2
104.(B) A  | a  b |  | b  c |  | c  a |
                 
| a |2  | b |2  2a . b  | b |2  | c |2  2b . c  | c |2  | a |2  2c . a  
6  2 a .b  b . c  c .a 
     
Max. value occurs when a . b  b . c  c . a  0
           
| a  b  c |2  | a |2  | b |2  | c |2  2(a . b  b . c  c . a )  0
            3
 2(a . b  b . c  c . a )   3  a . b  b . c  c . a  
2
      3  3
Hence, max. value of A occurs if : a . b  b .c  c . a    A max .  6  2     9
2  2
                      
105.(B) [a b c] r  [a b r ]c  [b c a ] r  [b c r ]a  [c a b]r  [c a r ]b
       
= 3[a b c] r  ([a b r ] c  [b c r ] a  [c a r ] b) . . . . (i)
   
Consider r  a  mb  nc
              
(a  b) . r  n[a b c] ; (b  c) . r  l [b c a ] ; (c  a ) . r  m[c a b]
 1       
  r     ([b c r ]a  [c a r ]b  [a b r ]c ) . . . . (ii)
[a b c ]
     
Using (ii) in (i), we have  3[a b c] r  [a b c ] r  2[a b c] r 
   
106.(ABC) w  u  v  w ... (i)
           
v . ( w  u )  v . v  v . w  [u v w]  1  v . w . . . . (ii)
        2
Take dot of (i) with w :  0  w .v  w . w  v . w  | w |
   
  [u v w ]  1  | w |2
  2 2  2     2   
using (i), | w  u |  | v |  | w |  2v . w  |V |  | w | ( v . w  | w |2 )
         2  2  2   2   
 1  | w |2  [u v w]   [u v w]  | w  u |  |w| | u |  (u . w) | w |2  (u .w )2 
107.(D) When the coordinate system is rotated about oz, the z component will remain un allured.

Let components of a in oxyz coordinate system be
 x, y, 4 

 a  xiˆ  yjˆ  4kˆ

a  2 3 iˆ  3 2 ˆj  4kˆ
x  x cos   y sin 
x y
x 
2
x y
2 3
2

Mathematics | Vectors 21 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

x y  2 6 …… (i)
y    x sin   y cos 
x  y
y 
2
 yx  6 …… (ii)
Adding (i) & (ii)
2y  2 6  6
y  6 3

x  6 3  Components of a in oxyz is  
6  3, 6  3, 4 .
      
   
108.(B) r  x a  b  y b  c  z  c  a 
    
r a  1  1  y  a b c 
 
 y  1 , r b  2 , 2  z
        
r c  3  3  x     
r  3 a  b  b  c  2 c  a 

109.(C) Let cube is of unit length.

     1 
OA  OB  OC  OD  ?  AM  
 2
 
OM   OM1

  
 OM    MM1  OM   OM    MM1
 1  

 OM  (as MM1  1 )
 1
t (say)
   1 1
OA  OM  MA  t iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2
 1 1
OB  t iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2
 1 1
OC  t iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2
 1 1
OP  t iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2
    
OA  OB  OC  OD  4 t iˆ  OM1   t  1 iˆ  4t  t 1  3t  1

1  1
 t    3  1  
3 1  3
1
 4  1  
4

Mathematics | Vectors 22 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
110.(D) V1   a b c 
                    

V2   p q r    a  b  2c 3a  2b  c a  4b  2c    a  b  2c  3a  2b  c   a  4b  2c
      

  2a  b  a  c 
                
  
   3b  a  b  c   a  4b  2c   5 a  b  7c  d  3b  c  a  4 b  2c
    
 
  6c  a  4c  b 
 
                    
     
  10 a  b  c  28 c  a  b  3 b  c  a   10  a b c   28  a b c   3 a b c   15 a b c 

V2
 15 :1
V1
 
111.(C) a  b  0 …… (i)
          
a  c b  c  0   
a  c  b  c 1  0  a  b c  1 …… (ii)  
    
c   a  b   a  b  
            
         
a  b  c   a  b  a   a  b  b   a  b  a  b   1  0     0  1    0  0 
    
 1        1    c  1    a  b   a  b  
 (1   )2  2  2  1  2(  1)  2  0

112.(C) A   x1 , y1  ; B   x2 , y2  ; C   x3 , y3 

 ax  bx2  cx3 ay1  by2  cy3 

I  1 , 
 a b c a b c 
 ax  bx2  cx3 ˆ ay1  by2  cy3 b  x1  x2   c  x1  x3  ˆ b  y1  y2   c  y1  y3  ˆ
IA  x1iˆ  y1 ˆj  1 i  i j
abc a b c a b c abc
 a  x2  x1   c  x2  x3  a  y2  y1   c  y2  y3 
Similarly, IB  iˆ  ˆj
abc a b c
 a  x3  x1   b  x3  x2  a  y3  y1    y3  y2 
IC  iˆ  ˆj
a b c a b c
  
So, a IA  b IB  c IC
1

abc

a b  x1  x2   c  x1  x3   b a  x2  x1   c  x2  x3   c a  x3  x1   b  x3  x2  iˆ  .....  ˆj 

 0 iˆ  0 ˆj  0

113.(C) Clearly, magnitude of faces F1 , F2 , F3 & F4 are same as it is a regular tetrahedron and for a closed figure which is
regular.
   
v1  v 2  v 3  v 4  0

114.(ABCD) a1  a 2 cos 2x  a 3 sin 2 x  0, x  R or (a1  a 2 )  sin 2 x (a 3  2a 2 )  0

 a1  a 2  0 and a 3  2a 2  0

a1 a2 a3
   (  0)  a1  , a 2  , a 3  2
1 1 2

Mathematics | Vectors 23 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  

115.(ABC) AB  BC  AC
    
2u u v u v
BC          
|u | | u | | v | | u | | v |

   u 
v   u
 
v 
AB  BC              (u  v )  (u  v )  1  1  0
| u | |v | |u | | v |
   

 B  90  1  cos 2 A  cos 2B  cos C  0

116.(ABC)
  
(a) Since, a , b, c are non-coplanar, option (a) is true.
     
Since b  c, c  a , a  b are also non-coplanar

(b) is also correct

      
Since, x  (b  c )  (c  a )  v (a  b )
 
a x
We have,      , (on taking dot product with a)
[a b c ]

 and v have similar values.

2
     a
Also, | x |  | a  x |  a  x  , etc.  Option (c) is correct.
2
If (c) is correct (d) is ruled out.
 
117.(BCD) Let angle between a and b be 

       
We have, | a || b | 1 Now, | a  b | 2 cos and | a  b |  2 sin
2 2

3     
Consider, F ( )   2 cos   2  2 sin   F ( )  3 cos  4 sin ,   [0 ]
2  2  
 2  2 2

Plot graph and conclude from it that the range of F ( ) is 3, 5 

118.(A) 119.(C) 120.(B)

    
Taking dot products with a , b, c respectively with given equation [abc ]  p  (q  r ) cos  … (i)
 
0  ( p  r ) cos   q … (ii) [abc ]  ( p  q ) cos   r … (iii)

1 cos  cos 
 
Also, [abc ]2  cos  1 cos   2 cos2   3 cos3   1  (1  cos )2 (1  2 cos )
cos  cos  1

  
 v |[abc ]||1  cos  || 1  2 cos   2sin 2 1  2 cos 
2
from equation (i) and (iii) p = r; substituting in equation (ii) we get:

q
 2 p cos   q  0   2 cos   0
p

Mathematics | Vectors 24 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
121.(D) Since, a ,b, c are non-coplanar vectors, then
     
a a b a c a
           
[abc ]  0  [abc ]2  0  [abc ]2  a  b b  b c  b  0
     
a c b c c c

Since, any vector r in space can be expressed as a linear combination of three non-coplanar vectors.
   
So, let r  la  mb  nc … (i)
          
Taking dot product by a ,b, c successively, we get r  a  la .a  mb  a  nc  a … (ii)
       
r  b  la  b  mb  b  nc  b … (iii)
       
r  c  la  c  mb  c  nc  c … (iv)
   
r a b c
       
r a a a b a c a
Now, eliminating l, m and n from above 4 relations, we get          0
r b a b b b c b
       
r c a c b c c c

       
Now, expanding along first row, we get r   1  a   2  b   3  c
        
     
  
122.(C) Since, a ,b, c are three non-coplanar vectors, then
   
there exists scalars x, y, z, such that r  xa  yb  zc … (i)
   
Taking dot product by b  c , c  a and a  b successively, we get
         
r  (b  c )  ( xa  yb  zc )  (b  c )  x [abc ]
    
r  (c  a )  y[bca ]
     
    [rbc ] [rca ] [rab ]
r  (a  b )  z [cab ]  x     , y     and z    
[abc ] [abc ] [abc ]
     
  [rbc ]    [rca ]    [rab ]  
On substituting the values of x, y, z in equation (i), we get r       a       b       c
 [abc ]   [abc ]   [abc ] 

 1        
Or 
r     [rbc ] a  [rca ] b  [rab ] c
[abc ]

       
123.(D) We know that, [a  b b  c c  a ]  [abc ]2
             

Clearly [a  b b  c c  a ]  [abc ]  0   a  b b  c c  a are non-coplanar.

We also know that any vector in space can be expressed as a linear combination of any three non-
coplanar vectors, so let.
      
a  l (b  c )  m (c  a )  n (a  b ) … (i)
      
On taking dot product on both sides by a , b, c successively, we get a  a  l [abc ]
  
a  b  m [cab ]

Mathematics | Vectors 25 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

     
    a a a b a c
c  a  n [cab ]  l     , m     and n    
[abc ] [abc ] [abc ]
     
 a a   a b   a c  
On substituting these values in equation (i), we get a     (b  c )  
  (c  a )     (a  b )
[abc ] [abc ] [abc ]

 1            
Or 
a     a  a (b  c )  a  b(c  a )  a  c (a  b )
[abc ]

 
124.(D) Let a  a1i  a 2 j  a 3k, b  b1i  b2 j  b3 k ,

  
c  c1i  c2 j  c 3 k , p  p1i  p2 j  p 3 k , and q  q1i  q2 j  q3 k ,

  
a b c
     
Then, a  p b  p c  p
     
a q b q c q

a1i  a 2 j  a 3 k b1i  b2 j  b3 k ci i  c 2 j  c 3k

a1p1  a 2 p 2  a 3 p 3 b1p1  b2 p 2b3 p 3 c1p1  c 2 p2  c 3 p3
a1q1  a 2q2  q3q3 b1q1  b2q2  b3q3 c1q1  c2q2  c3q3

i j k a1 a 2 a 3
               
p1 p 2 p3  b1 b2 c 3  ( p  q ) [abc ]  [abc ]2 ( p  q )  [a  b b  c c  a ] ( p  q )
q1 q2 q3 c1 c 2 c3

 1
125.(C) y  log1/2  x    log 2 (2 x  1)2
 2 


1  1
But, x   log1/2  x    log 2 (2x  1) ; y  1 ; P  (3,1)
2  2 


126.(A) OP  3i  j

Q  (1, 1) or (2, 1)

OQ  i  j and 2i  j
 
OP  OQ  3  1  4 and 6  1  7
  
127.(D) PQ  OQ  OP   2i or i

| PQ |  2 or 1

128.(C) 129.(A) 130.(B)

     
We have | x || y || z |  2 and x , y, z make angle of 60 with each other.

    1
 x  y | x || y |cos 60  2( 2 )   1
2

    1     1
y  z  | y || z |cos 60  2( 2 )    1 and x  z | x ||z |cos 60  2( 2 )    1
2 2
   

Mathematics | Vectors 26 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
x  x  | x |2  2

     
y  y  | y |2  2 and z  z | z |2  2
       
Now, x  (y  z )  a and y  (z  x )  b (given)
                   
 ( x  z )y  ( x  y )z  a and (y  x )z  (y  z )x  b  y  z  a and z  x  b
   
 y x a b
         
Thus, we have y  z  a … (i); z  x  b … (ii); y x a b … (iii)
  
Now, x  y  c (given)
     
 x  ( x  y )  x  c (taking cross-product with x )
           
 ( x  y )x  ( x  x )y  x  c  x  2y  x  c …(iv)
  
Again, x  y  c
             
 y  ( x  y )  y  c (taking cross product with y )  (y  y )x  (y  x )y  y  c
   
 2x  y  y  c … (iv)
     
On subtracting equation (iv) and (v), we get x  y  (y  c )  ( x  c )
         
 x  y  (y  x )  c  x  y  (a  b )  c … (vi)

       1     
Adding equation (iii) and (vi), we get 2y  (a  b )  (a  b )  c, y  [(a  b )  (a  b )  c ]
2

Substituting the value of y in equation (iii) in equation (i), we get

 1         1     
x  [(a  b )  (a  b )  c ]  (a  b )  x  [(a  b )  c  (a  b )]
2 2

 1        1     
z  [(a  b )  (a  b )  c ]  a ; z  [(b  a )  (a  b )  c ]
2 2

131.(D)  g '( x )  3x 2  2x  9  0, x  0  g( x ) is an  ing function.

If circumcentre lies outside, then triangle is obtuse angle triangle and angle containing the given sides is
obtuse angle.

Therefore, ( f ( x )i  g( x ) j )  ( g( x )i  f ( x ) j )  0

 f ( x )  g( x )  0 … (i)

 g( x )  for x  0  g ( x )  g (0)x  0, Also, g (0)  0

 g ( x )  0x  0, (i )  f (x )  0  f ( x )  0 and g ( x )  0x  0

f ( x ) g ( x )
   
   
  
   2 
132.(A) If x   then g(x)   and f ( x ) is some negative number, then lim lim  cot (1
t)   0
t  0 x  4  
    
1
    
  
  1 

Mathematics | Vectors 27 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

         

133. (a) SA  SB  SC  a  b  c  3s  3g  3s  3SG
         
(b) OA  OB  OC  a  b  c  30  a  b  c
    
2(O )  1(O ) a  b  c
  
2 1 3
       
   O  a  b  c  OA  OB  OC  OO  
               
(c) OA  OB  OC  a  b  c  3o   a  b  c  3(a  b  c )  2[O  (O )]  2OO
        
(d) AO   O B  O C  (o   a )  (b  o )  (c  o )
          
= ( a  b  c )  (a  b  c )   2a  ( a )  a  p  a  AP

     
134. 3p  2b  c . . . . (i) 3q  a  2c . . . . (ii)
  
3r  2a  b . . . . (iii)
Make RHS of (i) and (ii) same.
         
6p  a 3q  4b a  4b  2c a  4b  2c
   X 
6 1 34 7 7
      
6q  b 3r  4c 2a  b  4c
Now, make RHS of (ii) and (iii) same,  
6 1 34 7
     
2a  b  4c  4a  2b  c
Hence Y  ; Similarly, Z 
7 7
     
 7a  7b  7c   a  b  c 
Centroid of XYZ is   
 73   3 
   
 
135. OQ  a (iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ) . AR  a (  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ )
   
OQ . AR  |OQ||AR|cos 

1
 a 2 ( 1  1  1)  a 3 .a 3 cos     cos1  
3
 

136. Let three conterminous edges be of length a, b and c,

and the corresponding direction be pˆ , qˆ and rˆ .

Hence, the diagonals are apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ,  apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ , apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ and apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ.
|apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ|2  | apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ |2  | apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ|2  | apˆ  bqˆ  crˆ |2  4(a 2  b 2  c 2 )

Mathematics | Vectors 28 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

        
137. [x  y yz z  x ]=[x y z ]2 
     
 u  v  v  w  w u
x    ; y    ; z    
|u  v | |v  w | |w  u |
          
 | u  v |2  |u |2 |v |2  2u .v  2  2 cos   2  2 cos2     | u  v |  2 cos 
 2  2

 1     1     1   
x  sec (u  v ) ; y  sec (v  w ) ; z  sec (w  u )
2 2 2 2 2 2
   1          
[x y z ]  sec (u  v ) sec (v  w ) sec (w  u )
8  2 2 2 

1       1      
= sec . sec . sec [u v w ]  2  sec .sec .sec [u v w ]
8 2 2 2 4 2 2 2
   1      
 [x y z ]2  sec 2 . sec2 .sec 2 [u v w ]2
16 2 2 2
   
      b  c  2p  q
138. Consider ‘A’ to be origin, then B( p ) ;C( p  q ) and D (q  p ), E  
 2  2
 
   
 4e  d 4  2 p  q  1   3  
f      (q  p ) = ( p  q )
4 1 5  2  5 5
 
  3   3 
AF  f  (p  q)  AC  A, F, C are collinear.
5 5
          
139. (b  a ) . (c  a )  0  b . c  a . b  a . c  |a |2  0 . . . . (i)
            
|AB|2  |AC |2  | b  a |2  | c  a |2 = | b |2  | c |2  2| a |2  2(a .b  a . c )
     
= | b |2  | c |2  2| a |2  2(b . c |a|2 ) [using (i)]
      
2 2 2 2
= | b |  | c |  2b . c  | b  c|  | BC |
 
c b 1  
Clearly, PB = PC =   |c  b |
2 2 2

  2
b c  1    1         
2
| PA |  a  |b  c  2a |2  [| b |2  | c |2  4| a |2  2b . c  4(a . c  a . b )]
2 4 4
1        1  
 [|b |2  | c |2  2b . c  4b . c ]  PA  | c  b |
4 2
        
140. (i) [3a  7b  4c 3a  2b  c a  b  2c ]
                 
 12[a b c ]  3[a b c ]  42[a b c ] – 7[a b c ]  12[a b c ]  8[a b c ]  0
  
 [a b c ] are coplanar
        
(ii) [5a  6b  7c 7a  8b  9c 3a  20b  5 c ]
                       
200[a b c ]  900[a b c ]  210[a b c ]  162 [a b c ]  980[a b c ]  168[a b c ]  1310[a b c ] +1310[a b c ] = 0
  
 [a b c ] are coplanar

Mathematics | Vectors 29 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Numerical Value Type JEE Main Pattern

141.(6) Since, a  2b  3c  0 …(i)

 a  c  2b  c  3c  c  0 taking cross product with c
  c  a  2(b  c )  0  0

 c  a  2(b  c ) …(ii)
Again from equation (i)
a  b  2b  b  3c  b  0 taking cross product with b
 a  b  3(b  c ) …(iii)
Given a  b  b  c  c  a  (b  c )
 3(b  c )  (b  c )  2(b  c )  (b  c ) [From equations (ii) and (iii)]
 6(b  c )  (b  c )   6

     
142.(0) ( r  b )  a  0  r  b and a are parallel vectors
  
So, r  b  a
     
c  r  b  c  a  c  0
 
 b c       
   a  c ( a  b )  b  c (a  b )  0
 
a c

      
143.(4) As a  b  b  c  pa  qb  r c
  
Taking dot product of vector with a , b and c
      q r
[a b c ]  pa 2  q( b  a )  r ( c  a )  p  
2 2

p r    p q
0 q  and [a b c ]    r
2 2 2 2
     
a a a b a c
1 1/2 1/2
         1
Also, [a b c ]2  b  a b b b c
 1/2 1 1/2 
     
2
1/2 1/2 1
ca cb c c
   1
 [a b c ] 
2
q r 1 p r
Thus, p   ; q   0
2 2 2 2 2
p q 1
 r 
2 2 2
On solving, we get p = –q = r

p 2  2q 2  r 2
q2

Mathematics | Vectors 30 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

p 2  2p 2  p 2
Hence,  4
p2

   
144.(4) | d  a |2  | b  c |2  4 R 2  2[a  d  b  c ]  4 R 2  2R 2[cos   cos ]
  
  [Use figure]
2 2 2
      cos    cos 

 |d  a |2  |b  c |2  4 R 2

145.(0) BC  u  v, AC  2u [where u  v ]

Consider C to be origin  B(b )  v  u, A(a )  2u, AB  v  u

AB  CB  (v  u )  (u  v )  |u |2  |v |2  1  1  0

Hence,  is right angled at B
 
1 + cos2A + cos2B + cos2C = 1 + [–1 – 4cosA cosB cosC] = –4cosA cosB cosC = 0  b  
 2

     
146.(9) Since x and y are non-collinear vectors, therefore x , y and x  y are non-coplanar vectors.

  
[(a  2) 2  (b  3)  c ]  [(a  2)2  (b  c )  c ] y  [(a  2)2  (b  3)  c ]( x  y )  0

   
Coefficient of each vector x , y and x  y is zero.

(a  2) 2  (b  3)  c  0

(a  2)2  (b  3)  c  0

(a  2) 2  (b  3)  c  0
The above three equations will satisfy if the coefficients of , and  are zero because , and  are
three distinct real numbers.
a 2  0  a  2
b  3  0  b  3 and c = 0

 a 2  b 2  c 2  22  32  02  4  9  13

      
147.(1) Given, u  v  u  w and w  u  v

            
 (u  v  u )  u  v  (u  v )  u  v  v  (u  v )  v

    
 (u  v ) u  0  (u  v )  0

   
Now, [u v w ]  u  ( v  w )

                   
 u  ( v  ( u  v  u ))  u  ( v  ( u  v )  v  u )  u  (v 2 u  ( u  v ) v  v  u )  v 2 u 2  1

 
148.(6) 2 V  V  (i  2 j )  (2i  k ) …(i)
  
 2 V  (i  2 j )  0  (2i  k )  (i  2 j )  2 V  (i  2 j )  2  |V  (i  2 j )|2  1

Mathematics | Vectors 31 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 
 | V |2 |i  2 j |2 cos2   1 (  is the angle between V and i  2 j )

 | V |2 5(1  sin 2 )  1
 
 | V |2 5sin 2   5| V |2 1 …(ii)
From equation (i)
   
 |2 V  V  (i  2 j )|2  |2i  k |2  4| V |2  |V |2 |i  2 j |2 sin 2   5
   
 4| V |2  |V |2 |i  2 j |2 sin 2   5  4| V |2  5|V |2 sin 2   5
    
 4| V |2  5|V |2 1  5  9| V |2  6  3| V |  6  3| V |  6  m m 6

   
149.(1) a  b  0  a  b
   
ac 0a  c
  
 a  b c
           
| a  b  a  c |  | a  ( b  c )|  | a || b  c |  | b  c |
       1
Now, | b  c |2  | b |2  | c |2  2| b || c |cos  2  2  1
3 2
 
|b  c | 1

      
150.(6) Here OA  a , OB  10 a  2 b , OC  b
q = Area of parallelogram with OA and OC as adjacent sides
 
 q |a  b | …(i)
p = Area of quadrilateral OABC
= Area of OAB + are of OBC

1    1       
 | a  (10 a  2 b )|  |(10 a  2 b )  b |  | a  b |  5| a  b |
2 2
 
 p  6| a  b |  p  6q [From equation (i)]
 k 6

       
151.(2) L.H.S.  d  a  d  b  h  c  3( g  h )
  
    (a  b  c )      
 2 d  (a  b  c )  3  2 h  2 d  2 h  2( d  h )  2HD  2
3


   |u |
152.(1) Since angle between u and i is 60°, u  i  | u ||i |cos 60 
2
     
Given that | u  i |,| u |,| u  2i | are in G.P., so | u  i |2  | u || u  2i |

    
Squaring both sides, [| u |2  |i |2 2 u  i]2  | u |2 [| u |2  4|i |2 4 u  i]

Mathematics | Vectors 32 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

 
 2| u | 2   |u |
[| u |2  1  ]  | u |2 [| u |2  4  4 ]
2 2
   22 2 
 | u |2  2| u | 1  0 ]  |u |    |u | 2 1
2

  
153.(4) a  i  2 j  3k , b  i  2 j  2k, c  2i   j  k

      
{( a  b )  ( b  c )}  ( c  a )  0

           

 {[ a b c ] b  [ a b b ] c }  ( c  a )  0  {[ a b c ] b  ( c  a )  0

       
 {[ a b c ] (( a  b ) c  ( b  c ) a )  0
  
[a b c ]  0 ( a and c are not collinear)

154.(7) Let the vertices are A, B, C, D and O is the origin.

   
 OA  i  6 j  10k , OB  i  3 j  7k, OC  5i  j  k, OD  7i  4 j  7k
  
 AB  OB  OA  2i  3 j  3k
  
AC  OC  OA  4i  5 j  (   10)k
  
AD  OD  OA  6i  2 j  3k
1   
Volume of tetrahedron  [ AB AC AD ]
6
2 3 3
1 1
 4 5   10  {2( 15  2  20)  3( 12  6  60)  3(8  30)}
6 6
6 2 3
1 1
 {4  10  144  18  66}  (22  88)  11 (Given)
6 6
 2  8  6   7


155.(6) Let R  xi  y j  zk

  
u  i  2 j  3k ; v  2i  j  4k ; w  i  3 j  3k

      
( u  R  15) i  ( v  R  30) j  (w R  25)k  0 (Given) …(i)

 
So u  R  15  x  2y  4 z  30 …(ii)

 
v  R  30  2x  y  4z  30 …(iii)

 
w R  25  x  3y  3z  25
Solving, we get x = 4, y = 2, z = 5

Mathematics | Vectors 33 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Vectors
Archive JEE Main


1.(A) Let u  xiˆ  yi  zk̂ gives 2 x  3y  z  0 … (i)
gives y  z  24 … (ii)
   
Also, u is coplanar with a and b, so u a b   0
 
x y z
Which yields 2 3 1  0
0 1 1
i.e. 4 x  2y  2z  0 …. (iii)
(ii) and (iii) gives 2 x  2z  24 i.e. x  z  12
From (i), we get z  16 and thus x   4 and y  8

Hence, u   4iˆ  8 ˆj  16k̂
 2
u  4 12  22  4 2  4 21  u  336

     
2.(D) Given, a  2b  2c  0  a  2c   2b
2 2   2
Squaring both sides, we get a  4 c  4a  c  4 b


 
1  4  4 a  c   4  a 
 b  c 1 
  1   1 1
 a c   a  c cos    cos  
4 4 4
1 15     15
Now, sin2   1  cos2   1    a  c  a b sin  
16 16 4

3.(B) Position vector of A,B and C are respectively 4iˆ  7 ˆj  8kˆ,2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ and 2iˆ  5 ˆj  7kˆ

 AB  2  4 2   3  7 2   4  82  4  16  16  6

BC   2  2 2   5  32   7  4 2  4  9  13

CA   2  4 2  5  7 2  7  8 2  4  4 1  3

Let D be the bisector of A which meets BC.

BD AB 6 2
   
DC AC 3 1
Using section formula, we have
2  2  2 1 6 5  2  3 1 7  2  4  1 18
x   ,y  ,z  
3 3 3 3 3
1
So, position vector of D is
3
6iˆ  13 ˆj  18kˆ 

Mathematics | Vectors 34 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 
4.(A) Here, a  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ, c  ˆj  kˆ
  
Now, a  b  c (given)
            
   
a  a  b  a  c  a  b a  a  a  b  a  c 
  
 
3a  3b   2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  3 iˆ  j  kˆ  3b   2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ 

 3iˆ  3 ˆj  3kˆ  3b   2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
 1  25  4  4  11
 b 
3

5iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ  b 
3
  b 
3
 
5.(A) ˆ ˆ ˆ
a  2i  j  2k  a  3 and b  i  j ˆ ˆ

iˆ ˆj kˆ
   
Now, a  b  2 1 2  2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ  a  b  3
1 1 0
   
We also have, a  b   c  1
 a  b c sin 30 nˆ  3 c  n
2
 1 
 33c   c 2
2
 
Since, c  a  3 … (i)
       
On squaring (i), we get c  a  2c  a  9  4  9  2a  c  9  a  c  2
 
6.(A) Let a  8iˆ  6 ˆj and b  3iˆ  4 ˆj  12k̂
1  
Area of parallelogram, A  a b
2
iˆ ˆj kˆ
 
 a  b  8 6 0  72iˆ   96  ˆj  50kˆ
3 4 12
 
 a  b  5184  9216  2500  16900  130

1   1
A  a  b   130  65
2 2
 
7.(D) b  3 ˆj  4kˆ, a  iˆ  ˆj
 
Given that b1 is parallel to a .
 


b1 
    
b  a aˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  iˆ  ˆj   iˆ  ˆj  3 iˆ  ˆj
    
3 iˆ  ˆj    
a  2   2  2 2 2
 
      3
Also, b1  b2  b  b2  b  b1  3iˆ  4kˆ  iˆ  ˆj
2
   
iˆ ˆj kˆ
 3 3   3 3 9 9 9
 b2   iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ now, b1  b2  0  iˆ  6   ˆj  6   kˆ     6iˆ  6 ˆj  kˆ
2 2 2 2  4 4  2
3 3
 4
2 2

Mathematics | Vectors 35 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

   3        3  
8.(D) 
We have, a  b  c   2

b c   a  c  b  a  b  c 
2

b c 
  3 5
On comparing a  b   . Then  
2 6

9.(D) We have, AB   4iˆ  2 ˆj   p  1 k̂

AC  2iˆ  q  1 ˆj  3k̂
ABC is a right angled triangle, right angle at A.
   
 AB  AC  AB  AC  0
 8  2  q  1  3  p  1  0  3 p  2q  13  0

  p, q  lies on the line 3 x  2y  13  0

3
Now, slope of line 
2
 the point  p, q  lies on a line making acute angle with the positive direction of x-axis.
  
 a b c
10.(C) Position vector of centroid G 
3
  
 a b c
Position vector of circumcentre p 
4

Let r be the orthocenter of the triangle.
 
 2p  r   
Now, we know that, G   3G  2P  r
3
     
      a b  c  a b c
 
r  3G  2 P  a  b  c  2 
 4




2
 
      1            
 
11.(C) Expanding a  c  b  b  c a  b c a  a  c  b   b  c  b c  a  0  
3  3 
 
As a and b are non-collinear, the coefficients must vanish
    1  
 
Thus, a  c  0 and b  c   b c
3
 
b c 1 2 2
Again cos      cos     sin  
b c 3 3
 
12.(A) Given that a  b  3
Squaring (i) both sides, we get
 2 2 2   1
a  b  3  a  b  2a  b  3  1  1  2 cos   3  cos      60
2
        
a  b is perpendicular to plane containing a and b c  a  2b  3 a  b   … (ii)
Squaring (ii) both sides, we get
2 2 2   2        
  
c  a  4 b  9 a  b  4 a  b  6a  a  b  12b  a  b     
3 1 2 27 55 
 1  4  9 sin2   4 cos   0  0  5  9  4  c 7   2c  55
2 2 4 4

Mathematics | Vectors 36 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  

13.(D) Now, AB  AD  AC
  
AB  AD  AC
 2  2    2
 AB  AD  2 AB  AD  AC
    
 a 2  b 2  2 AB  AD  c 2  a 2  b 2  2 AB  AB  AD  c 2
 
    3a 2  b 2  c 2
 a 2  b 2  2a 2  2 AB  BD  c 2  AB  DB 
2
     
14.(B) Now, a  b b  c c  a 
 
     

 a  b . b  c  c a
    
  
  

a b . k c a  [Here, k  b  c ]
       
 a  b . k . a  c  k . c  a 
 
         
 a  b  .  b  c . a  c  b  c . c  a 
        
 a  b  .  b c a  c   0  b  c . c   0 
     
           
 a  b . c b c a   a b c  b c a 
     
        
 a b c 
  
 a b c   b c a 
    
         2    2    2
Hence, a  b b  c c  a    a b c   a b c    a b c    1
       
15.(C) We know that, the sum of three vectors of a triangle is zero.
  
 AB  BC  CA  0
    
 BC  AC  AB  AC  CA 
 
 
 AC  AB
 BM  [ M is mid-point of BC]
2
  
Also, AB  BM  MA  0 [By properties of a triangle]
 
 AC  AB   
 AB   AM  AM   MA 
2  
 
 AB  AC ˆ ˆ ˆ
3i  4k  5i  2  4kˆ 
 AM    4iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ  AM  42  12  4 2  33
2 2

16.(C) Given that,

   
(i) a and b are unit vectors, i.e., a  b  1
     
(ii) c  a  2b and d  5a  4b
   
(iii) c and d are perpendicular to each other, i.e., c .d 0
 
To find angle between a and b .
     
Now, 
c . d  0  a  2b . 5a  4b  0   
            1
 5a . a  4a . b  10b . a  8b . b  0  6a . b  3  a .b 
2
  
So, the angle between a and b is .
3

Mathematics | Vectors 37 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

17.(B) Given,
   
(i) A parallelogram ABCD such that AB  q and AD  p .

(ii) The altitude from vertex B to side AB coincides with a vector r .
  
To find the vector r in terms of p and q .
Let E be the foot of perpendicular from B to side AD.
 
    q . p
AE = Projection of vector q on p  q . p  
p

AE = Vector along AE of length AE
       
  
 AE AE  AE
 
 q r 
q .p p  
 r 

q . p p 
q
     q . p  
 r  q      p
 2  2 p .p 
p p  

 1  1
18.(D) a 
10
3iˆ  kˆ  and b 
7
2iˆ  3 ˆj  6kˆ 
             
 2a  b  .    a  b  a  2b    a  b   a  a  b   2b 
 2a  b .
             
  2a  b  . a . a  b  b . a  a  2 a . b  b  2 b . b  a 
           
  2a  b  . 1 b    0  a  2  0  b  2 1 a  [As a . b  0 and a . a  b . b  1 ]

      2    2 

  
 2a  b b  2a    4 a  4a . b  b    4  0  1  5
 
   
19.(C) Given, a . b  0, a . d  0 . . . .(i)
         
and b c b d 
 b  c d  0   b || c  d  0  
     
 c  d  b  d  c  b . . . .(ii)
          
Taking dot product with a , we get : a . d  a . c  a . b  0  a . c   a . b  
 
a .c
     . . . .(iii)
a .b
 


  
a . c 
d  c    b



a .b

 
20.(A) Given, a  piˆ  ˆj  kˆ, b  iˆ  qjˆ  kˆ and c  iˆ  ˆj  rk̂ are coplanar and p  q  r  1 .
  
Since, a , b and c are coplanar,

p 1 1
  
 a b c   0
 
 1 q 1 0    
p qr  1  1 r  1  1 1  q  0   
1 1 r

 pqr  p  r  1  1  q  0  
pqr  p  q  r  2 
  
21.(D) As, a  3b is collinear with c .
  
 a  3b  c . . . .(i)
  
Also, b  2c is collinear with a .

Mathematics | Vectors 38 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  
 b  2c  a . . . .(ii)
From equation (i), we get :
   
a  3b  6c     6  c . . . .(iii)

From equation (ii), we get :

   
a  3b  6c  1  3  a . . . .(iv)

From equations (iii) and (iv), we get :

 
    6  c  1  3  a
 
Since, a is not collinear with c .
   6  1  3  0
  
From equation (iv), we get : a  3b  6c  0
  
22.(A) We have, a  b  c  0
                
 
a  a b a c  0 
 
a .b a  a . a b a  c  0     3a  2b  a  c  0
    
 2b  3a  a  c  2b  3 ˆj  3kˆ  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  2iˆ  2 ˆj  4kˆ

 b  iˆ  ˆj  2k̂
23.(A) Since, the given vectors are mutually orthogonal, therefore
 
a .b 242  0
   
a . c    1  2  0 . . . .(i) and b . c  2  4    0 . . . .(ii)
On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get :   2 and   3
Hence,  ,     3, 2 
24.(D) 3u pv pw    pv w qu   2w qv qu   0

 
 3 p 2 u . v  w   pq v . w  u    2q 2 w . v  u    0  3 p 2  pq  2q 2 u . v  w    0
 
But u v w   0

 3 p 2  pq  2q 2  0
 p q 0
 
25.(A) Given that, b  iˆ  ˆj and c  ˆj  k̂
 
The equation of bisector of b and c is

    iˆ  ˆj ˆj  k̂ 
r   b c    
 2

2 




2
iˆ  2 ˆj  k̂  . . . .(i)
  
Since, vector a lies in plane of b and c .
  
 a  b  c


2
    
 1 iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  ˆj   ˆj  kˆ 

Mathematics | Vectors 39 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes


On equating the coefficient of iˆ both sides, we get : 1    2
2

On putting   2 in equation (i), we get : r  iˆ  2 ˆj  k̂
 
Since, the given vector a represents the same bisector equation r .    1 and   1
Alternate solution:
  
Since, a , b and c are coplanar.

 2 
 1 1 0 0     
 1 0  2 10   1 0  0  
0 1 1

     2 , which is possible for   1,   1

   
26.(A) Since, a  8b and c  7b
     
So, a is parallel to b and c is anti-parallel to b .  a and c are anti-parallel.
 
So, the angle between a and c is  .


27.(D) Since, 2u  3v is a unit vector. 
 2u  3v  1  6 u v sin   1

1
 sin    u  v  1
6  

Since,  is an acute angle, then there is exactly one value of  for which 2u  3v is a unit vector.  
  
28.(D) Since, given vectors a , b and c are coplanar.

1 1 1
 1 1 2 0
x x  2 1

    
1 1  2 x  2  1 1  2x  1 x  2  x  0   
 1  2x  4  1  2x  2x  2  0  2 x  4  x  2
    
29.(C) Since, a  b   c  b  c 
 
                   
a .b  
    
a .c b  b .c a  a .c b  a .b c        
b .c a  a .b c   a    . c

 

b .c 
Hence, a is a parallel to c

30.(D) Since, position vectors of A, B, C are 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ, iˆ  3 ˆj  5kˆ and aiˆ  3 ˆj  k̂ , respectively.

Now, 
AC  ajˆ  3 ˆj  kˆ  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   

  
 a  2 iˆ  2 ˆj and BC  aiˆ  3 ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  3 ˆj  5kˆ  a  1 iˆ  6k̂
  
 
Since, the ABC is right angled at C, then : AC . BC  0

 a  2 iˆ  2 ˆj . . . a  1 iˆ  6k̂  0  a  2a  1  0  a  1 and a  2

Mathematics | Vectors 40 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

31.(D) Let P be the origin outside of AB and C is mid-point of AB, then :

 
 PA  PB   
PC   2 PC  PA  PB
2

  
32.(C) Line is parallel to planes as : iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ . iˆ  5 ˆj  kˆ  1  5  4  0 

General point on the line is   2,    2, 4   3 

For   0 , a point on this line is 2,  2, 3 and distance from. 
 2  5 2  3  5 10 10  
 
r . iˆ  5 ˆj  k̂  5 or x  5y  z  5 is d 
1  25  1
 d
3 3

3 3
  
33.(B) Since, a  b  c  0
           
 a  b  c  a  b  c  c  c    b c  c a
         
Similarly a  b  b  c Hence, a  b  b  c  c  a
  
34.(A) Given, vectors are a  iˆ  kˆ, b  xiˆ  ˆj  1  x kˆ and c  yiˆ  xjˆ  1  x  y k̂
   
   1 0 1
 a b c   x 1 1 x
 
y x 1 x y
1 0 0
Applying C3  C3  C1 , we get :  x 1 1 1 1 x  x 1  
y x 1 x
  
Thus, a b c  depends upon neither x nor y.
 

35.(D) Since, the given vectors lie in a plane.

a a c
 1 0 1 0  
1 ab  c 2  0   c 2  ab Hence, c is GM of a and b.
c c b

36.(C) Given that,  a  b 2b

  c   a b  c b 
 


 a1  b1    a 2  b 2    a 3  b3  a1 a2 a3
2 2 2
  b1  b2  b3  b1  c1 b2  c 2 b 3  c 3
c1 c 2 c 3 b1 b2 b3

a1 a 2 a 3 a1 a 2 a 3
4
  b1 b2 b3   b1 b 2 b3  4  1
c1 c2 c3 c1 c2 c3

So, no real value of  exists.

Mathematics | Vectors 41 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

37.(A) Since, the vector iˆ  xjˆ  3k̂ is doubled in magnitude, then it becomes

4iˆ  4 x  2 ˆj  2k̂
 
 2 iˆ  xjˆ  3kˆ  4iˆ  4 x  2 ˆj  2kˆ
 
2 2
 2 1  x 2  9  16  4 x  2   4  40  4 x 2  20  4 x  2    3x 2  4 x  4  0

2
  x  2  3x  2   0  x  2, 
3
 
38.(A) Total force,     F  7iˆ  2 ˆj  4k̂
F  4iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ  3iˆ  ˆj  kˆ

The particle is displaced from A iˆ  2 ˆj  3k̂  to B  5iˆ  4 ˆj  k̂ 


Now, displacement, AB   5iˆ  4 ˆj  kˆ   iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ   4iˆ  2 ˆj  2k̂
 
 Work done = F . AB   7iˆ  2 ˆj  4kˆ  .  4iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ   28  4  8  40 units

   
39.(C) The three vectors a  2b  3c , b  4c and 2  1 c are non-coplanar, if  
1 2 3
1
0  4 0  2  1    0    0,
2
0 0 2  1
So, these three vectors are non-coplanar for all except two values of  .

40.(A) Given, two vectors lie in xy-plane. So, a vector coplanar with them is a  xiˆ  yk̂

Since, a  iˆ  ˆj  
 
  xiˆ  yjˆ  . iˆ  ˆj   0  x  y  0  x y  a  xiˆ  xjˆ and a  x2  x2  x 2

a x iˆ  ˆj 1 ˆ ˆ  
 Required unit vector   
a x 2

2
i j  
1      
41.(D) Given that,
3
b c a  a  b c  
         1         
 
We know that, a  b  c  a . c b  b . c a  
3
 
b c a  a .c b  b .c a     
 
On comparing the coefficients of a and b , we get :
1       1    
b c  b . c and a . c  0  b c   b c cos 
3 3
1 1 8
 cos     1  sin 2    sin 2  
3 9 9
2 2  
 sin    0    
3  2 

42.(A) Vector perpendicular to face OAB is n1.

  iˆ ˆj kˆ
 OA  OB  1 2 1  5iˆ  ˆj  3k̂
2 1 3

Mathematics | Vectors 42 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Vector perpendicular to face ABC is n2

  iˆ ˆj kˆ
 AC  AC  1 1 2  iiˆ  5 ˆj  3k̂
2 1 1
Since, angle between faces is equal to the angle between their normals.

 cos  
n1 . n 2

       
5  1  1  5  3  3

5 59

19  19 
   cos1  
35 
n1 n 2 2 2 2
5   1   3  12   5    3 
2 2 35 35  35 

a a2 1  a3 a a2 1 a a2 a3 a a2 1 a a2 1
43.(B) Since, b b 2 1  b3  b b2 1  b b2 b3  0  b b 2 1  abc b b 2 1  0
c c2 1  c3 c c2 1 c c2 c3 c c2 1 c c2 1

a a2 1  a a2 1 
 
2 2
 1  abc  b b 1  0  b b 1  0
 
2
c c 1  c c2 1 
 
 1  abc  0  abc  1

      

44.(B) u  v  w  . u  v   v  w 
          
 u  v  w  . u  v  u  w  v  v  v  w 
 
                    
 u . u  v   u . u  w   u . v  w   v . u  v   v . u  w   v . v  w   w . u  v 
     
 w . u  w   w . v  w 
        
 u . v  w v . u  w w . u v a , ab   0  
           
 u . v w  w . u  v w . u  v  u . v w
  
45.(D) Given that, OA  7iˆ  4 ˆj  7kˆ, OB  iˆ  6 ˆj  10kˆ, OC  iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ

and OD  5iˆ  ˆj  5k̂
2 2 2
Now, AB   7  1   4  6   7  10   36  4  9  49  7

2 2 2
BC  1  1   6  3  10  4   4  9  36  49  7

2 2 2
CD   1  5   3  1   4  5   36  4  1  41

2 2 2
and DA   5  7    1  4   5  7   4  9  4  17

Hence, option (D) is correct.

a b
46.(A) Key Idea: Use the angle between two non-zero vectors a and b is given by cos   and coordinate of
a b

 x  x 2  x 3 y1  y2  y3 z1  z 2  z3 
the centroid i.e.,  1 , ,  of a triangle formed with vertices; ( x1, y1, z1 ) ,
 3 3 3 
( x 2, y2, z2 ) and ( x 3, y3, z 3 ).

Mathematics | Vectors 43 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Given vertices of a ABC are A(3, 0, –1), B(2, 10, 6) and C(1, 2, 1) and a point M is mid-point of AC. An
another point G divides BM in ratio 2 : 1, so G is the centroid of ABC.
 3  2  1 0  10  2 1  6  1 
 G , ,   (2, 4, 2).
 3 3 3 
OG  OA
Now, cos( GOA)  , where O is the origin,
OG OA

4 1
 OG = 2iˆ  4 ˆj  2kˆ  cos(GOA )  
24 10 15

 
47.(D) Given unit vector a makes an angle with iˆ , with ĵ and   (0,  ) k̂ .
3 4

Now, we know that cos2   cos2   cos2   1, where , ,  are angles made by the vectors with

respectively. ˆi, ˆj and k̂.

  
 cos2    cos2    cos2   1
3
  4
1 1 1    2 
   cos2   1  cos2    cos   cos   or cos  
4 2 4 3
   3 
 2 2
  or So,  is , according to options.
3 3 3

48.(A) According to given information, we have the following figure.

ba
Clearly, projection of b on a 
a

(b1iˆ  b2 ˆj  2kˆ )  (iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ ) b  b2  2 b1  b2  2

  1 
2 2
1  1  ( 2) 2 4 2

But projection of b on a = |a|

b1  b2  2
  12  12  ( 2)2
2
b1  b2  2
  2  b1  b2  2 … (i)
2
Now, a  b  (ˆi  ˆj  2k
ˆ )  (b ˆi  b ˆj  2 k
1 2
ˆ )  (b  1)ˆi  (b  1)ˆj  2 2k
1 2
ˆ

 ( a  b )  c, therefore ( a  b )  c  0

 {(b1  1)ˆi  (b2  1)ˆj  2 2k

ˆ }  (5ˆi  ˆj  2k
ˆ)  0

 5 b1  1  1 b2  1  2 2  2  0
 5b1  b2  10 … (ii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii), b1  3 and b2  5

 b  3ˆi  5ˆj  2k
ˆ  b  ( 3)2  (5)2  ( 2)2  36  6

Mathematics | Vectors 44 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

49.(C) Let 1st line is x  ay  b, z  cy  d.

x b z d x b z d
  y, y y 

a c a c
ˆ ˆ
The direction vector of this line is b1  ai  j  ckˆ.
Let 2nd line is x  a ' z  b ', y  c ' z  d '.
x b' y d' x b' y d'
  z, z   z
a' c' a' c'
The direction vector of this line is b2  a ' i  c ' ˆj  k
ˆ.

 The two lines are perpendicular, therefore, b1  b2  0.

 (aˆi  ˆj  ck
ˆ )  (a ' ˆi  c ' ˆj  k
ˆ )  0  aa ' c ' c  0  aa ' c  c '  0

50.(B) Given vectors are a  3iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ and b  iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ

Now, vectors a  b  4iˆ  4 ˆj and a  b  2iˆ  4k
 A vector which is perpendicular to both the vectors a + b and a  b is
iˆ ˆj kˆ
 a  b    a  b   4 4 0  iˆ(16)  ˆj (16)  kˆ( 8)  8(2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )
2 0 4

8(2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )
Then, the required vector along (a + b) × (a  b) having magnitude 12 is 12   4(2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )
8 4  4 1

51.(B) Given three vectors are a = ˆi + ˆj + 3k

ˆ , b = 2ˆi + ˆj  k
ˆ , and c = ˆi  2ˆj  3 k
ˆ

 1 3
Clearly, [a b c]  2 1   (3  2)  1(6  2 )  3( 4   )  32  18  3( 2  6)
 2 3
 1 3
2
 There is no value of  for which 3(  6) becomes zero, so  2 1  [a b c]  0
 2 3
 Vectors a, b and c are not coplanar for any value a  R.
So, the set S = {; a, b and c are coplanar} is empty set.
x y 1 z 1
52.(C) Equation of given line is   … (i)
1 0 1
Now, one of the point on line is P(0, 1, –1) and the given point is Q(, 0, ).
From the figure, the length of the perpendicular
3
QM  l  (given)
2
PQ  PM 3
  … (ii)
PM 2

and PM = a vector along given line (i )  ˆi  k

ˆ
ˆi ˆj ˆ
k
So, PQ × PM   1   1  ˆi  ˆj(     1)  k
ˆ  ˆi  (2  1)ˆj  k
ˆ
1 0 1

PQ × PM 1  (2  1)2  1
Now,  … (iii)
PM 2

Mathematics | Vectors 45 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

1  (2  1)2  1 3 1  (2  1)2  1 3

From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get    [Squaring both sides]
2 2 2 2
 (2  1)2  1  2  1  1  2  1  1 or 2  1 = –1    0 or   1
       
53.(B) Given   3iˆ  ˆj and   2ˆi  ˆj  3 k
ˆ and      such that  is parallel to 
1 2 1 and 2 is perpendicular to 

So, 1  a  (3iˆ  ˆj )
  
Now, 2  1    (3ˆi  ˆj)  (2ˆi  ˆj  3 k
ˆ )  (3  2)ˆi  (  1)ˆj  3k
ˆ
 
 2 is perpendicular to , so 2    0

[since if non-zero vectors a and b are perpendicular to each other, then a.b = 0]
1
 (3  2)(3)  (  1)(1)  0  9  6    1  0  10   5   
2
 3 1  3 1
  ˆ   1 ˆi  3 ˆj  3 k
So, 1  ˆi  ˆj and 2    2  ˆi    1  ˆj  3 k ˆ
2 2 2  2  2 2

ˆi ˆj ˆ
k
  3 1  3   9  ˆ 9 1 3ˆ 9ˆ 5 ˆ 1
 1  2  0  ˆi    0   ˆj    0   k      i j k  3ˆi  9 ˆj  5 k
ˆ  
2 2  2   2  4 4 2 2 2 2
1 3
3
2 2

54.(D) Given vectors are a  3ˆi  2ˆj  xk

ˆ and b  ˆi  ˆj  k
ˆ
ˆi ˆj ˆ
k
 a×b  3 2 ˆ  3  2    x  2  ˆi   x  3  ˆj  5k
x  ˆi  2  x   ˆj 3  x   k ˆ
1 1 1

2
 1 1  1 75
 a b   x  2 2   x  32  25  2 x 2  2 x  4  9  25  2  x 2  x     38  2  x   
4 2 2 2
 
75 1
So, a × b  [at x  , a × b is minimum]
2 2
3
 r 5
2

 1 1
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
55.(D) Given vectors, i  j  k, i  j  k, i  j  k will be coplanar, if 1  1  0
1 1 

 (2  1)  1(  1)  1(1  )  0  (   1)[(  1)  1  1]  0

 (  1)[2    2]  0  (   1)(   2)(  1)  0    1 or –2
So, sum of the distinct real value of   1  2  1.

56.(A) We know that a, b, c are coplanar vectors, then [a b c] = 0

1 2 4
 1  4 0
2
2 4  1

      
1  2  1  16  2 2  1  8  4  4  2   0

 3    16  22  18  16  8  0  3  22  9  18  0

Mathematics | Vectors 46 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 2 (  2)  9(  2)  0  (  2)(2  9)  0
 (   2)(   3)(   3)  0    2, 3 or  3
ˆi
k ˆj
If  = 2, then a  c  1 2 4  ˆi  6  16   ˆj 3  8   k
ˆ  4  4   10ˆi  5ˆj
2 4 3

k ˆi ˆj
If   3, then a  c  1 2 4  0 (because last two rows are proportional).
2 4 8

57.(B) We have, (a  c)  b  0
 a  (a  c)  a  b  0 (taking cross product with a on both sides)
ˆi ˆj k
ˆ
 (a  c)a  (a  a )c  1 1 0  0  a  ( b  c)  (a  c)b  ( a  b)c 
1 1 1

 4(ˆi  ˆj)  2c  (ˆi  ˆj  2k

ˆ)  0 [ a.a  (ˆi  ˆj)(ˆi  ˆj) = 1 + 1 = 2 and a.c = 4]
 2c = 4 i  4 j  ˆi  ˆj  2k
ˆ

3ˆi  5ˆj  2kˆ 2 9  25  4 19

 c  c  
2 4 2
1 1
58.(A) Given, a × (b × c) = b  (a.c)b – (a.b)c = b [ a × (b × c) = (a.c)b – (a.b)c]
2 2
On comparing both sides, we get
1
a.c = … (i) and a.b = 0 … (ii)
2
 a, b and c are unit vectors, and angle between a and b is  and angle between a and c is , so
1
|a||c|cos   [from Eq. (i)]
2
1
 cos    a  1  c 
2  
   1
  …(iii)  cos  
3  3 2
and |a||b|cos  = 0 [from Eq. (ii)]

  … (iv)
2
  
From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get        30
2 3 6
59.(D) Two vectors c and d are said to be collinear if we can write c = b for some non-zero scalar .
Let the vectors  = ( – 2) a + b and  = (4 – 2)a + 3b are collinear, where a and b are non-collinear.
 We can write   k , for some k  R  {0}
 (  2)a  b  k (4   2)a  3 b   [(   2)  k (4   2)]a  (1  3k )b  0
Now, as a and b are non-collinear, therefore they are linearly independent and hence ( – 2) – k(4 – 2) = 0
and 1 – 3k = 0.
   2  k (4   2) and 3k = 1
1  1
  2  (4   2)  3k  1  k  
3  3
 3  6  4   2    4

Mathematics | Vectors 47 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

60.(C) We have, a  2ˆi  1ˆj  3k

ˆ ; b  4ˆi  3    ˆj  6 k
2
ˆ and c  3ˆi  6 ˆj     1 k
3
ˆ such that b = 2a

Now, b = 2a
 4ˆi   3   ˆ ˆ
2 j  6k  2(2ˆi  1ˆj  3k
ˆ)  ˆ = 4ˆi  2 ˆj  6 k
4ˆi   3  2  ˆj  6 k 1
ˆ

 3  21  2  ˆj  0  21  2  3 … (i)

Also, as a is perpendicular to c, therefore a.c = 0
 (2ˆi   ˆj  3k
1
ˆ )  (3ˆi  6 ˆj  (  1)k
ˆ)  0
3
 6  61  3(3  1)  0  61  33  3  0
 21  3  1 … (ii)
Now, from Eq. (i) 2  3  21 and from Eq. (ii)
3  21  1
 (1, 2 , 3 )  (1,3  21,  21  1)
1
If 1   , then 2  4, and 3  0 .
2
 1 
Thus, a possible value of (1, 2 , 3 )    , 4, 0 
 2 
  
61.(B) Since a bisects the angle between b and c ,

  iˆ  ˆj iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ    4iˆ  2 ˆj  4kˆ    2iˆ  4 ˆj  4kˆ 

 a  (bˆ  cˆ )       a    or a    
 2 3 2   3 2   3 2 
    

On comparing, we get   4,   4 or   1,    2
   
 a  4iˆ  2 ˆj  4k̂ or a  iˆ  2 ˆj  2k̂  a k  2   2  2  0
  
62.(C) a  b  c 1

      
a b c  0  a b c  0

2 2 2     
 
a  b  c  2 a .b  b.c  c.a  0 
3  2  0   3 / 2.
            
d  a b  b  c  c a  a b  b a  b a
  

d  3 a b 

63.(D) Volume of parallelepiped  [u v w]  1

1 1 
1 1 3  1
2 1 1
(–2  5   )  1
  2 or 4

w  2i  j  k

Mathematics | Vectors 48 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 
u w
cos  
 
u w

2 4
   
u  i  j  2k u  iˆ  j  4k
2 1  2 2 1  4
cos   cos  
6 6 18  6
5 7
 
6 6 3
 
64.(30) b. c  10
    1 
 b c cos  10  5. c  10  c  4
3 2
  
 
Also, a . b  c  0
        
  
a  b  c  a b  c sin =
2
3 b . 4 sin  1  30
3
      
65.(C) 
b  c  b  a b  c  a  0 
         3
c  a  b ; a .c  a .a  b .a ; 0  6   4 ;   
2
 
  3        3         3
2
  2
  
c  a   i  j  k ; c.b  a .b   i  j  k i  j  k ; c.b  4    3
2
  9   9 1
c.b  4   ; c.b  4   
2 2 2
66.(8)

Projection of AB on CD
 
AB  CD (4iˆ  4 ˆj  7kˆ ) 4  12  56 72
   (iˆ  3 ˆj  8kˆ )    8
|CD | 81 9 9
  
67.(1)  p, q, r are coplanar vectors
  
 p, q, r   0
a 1 a a
1
a a 1 a 0  a 
3
a a a 1
  1 2 1 2 1
p  q  a (a  1)  a (a  1)  a 2  a 2  a  a 2  a 2  3a 2  2a  3      
9 3 3 3 3

Mathematics | Vectors 49 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

2
  2  2  2   2 2 2  1 4 1 3 1
| r  q |  |r | | q |  |r  q |          
3 3  3 9 9 9 3
2
  2    1  1 1 
3  p  q    |r  q |2  3        0 ;  1
 3  3 3 3
   ˆ  ˆ 
68.(18) i  (a  i )  (i .i ) a  (i . a )i  a  2i  ˆj  2k̂
ˆ
Similarly
ˆj  (a  ˆj )  2iˆ  2k̂ , kˆ  (a  kˆ )  2iˆ  ˆj
  
|iˆ  (a  iˆ)|2 |iˆ  (a  ˆj )|2 |kˆ  (a  kˆ )|2  5  8  5 18
   
69.(2) | a  b |2  | a  c |2  8
          
2| a |2  | b |2  | c |2 2( a  b  a  c )  8  a  b  a  c  2
   
| a  2 b |2  | a  2 c |2
      
2| a |2  4 | b |2  4| c |2  4( a  b  a  c )
10 – 8 = 2
k k k
70.(C) Let a  ,b  
cos   2   4 
cos     cos    
 3   3 
 
  2   4  
R 2  cos   cos      cos    
ab  bc  ca   3   3  
  
cos    ab  bc  ca 
a 2  b2  c2  2   4 
cos  cos     cos    
 
3   3 
 
  /2
71.(5) Plane x  y  z  1
 1 0 x 1 (1  0  1  1)  4 1 2
     ,    ,   
1 1 1 2 2 2  3 3 3 
1 1 1 
3(    )  5
1 0 0
72.(A) 2 0 1 0  lines are skew
1 1 1

x 2 3
73.(C) f ( x )  2 x 1
7 2 x

x (x 2  2)  2 2x  7  3 4  7x  x 3  2x  4 x  14  12  21x  x 3  27 x  26
   
f x  x 3  27x  26 ;
  f   x   3x 2  27  0 ; x  3

f   x   6x maxima at x  3
Now a b + b.c + c.a = 3x – 13 = – 22

Mathematics | Vectors 50 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  
74.(A) Volume of Parallelopiped = a . b  c  158  
1 1 n
2 4 n  158
1 n 3

 
1 12  n 2  1 6  n  n 2n  4  158 ; 12  n 2  6  n  2n 2  4n  158
   
3n 2  5n  152  0 ; 3n 2  24n  19n  152  0 ; 3n n  8  19 n  8  0
     
n 8
 
b. c  2  4n  3n  2  n  10
   
75.(6) b  aˆ  c  aˆ and b  c  0
    
(b  c )  aˆ  0  (b  c )  a  0
           
| a  b  c | | a |2  | bˆ |2  | c |2  2a  b  2a  c  2b  c  | a |2  | b |2  | c |2  (2)2  (4)2  (4)2  6
 2  
 a  b 

76.(4)  a 2  b 2  2a  b  1  1  2 cos   4 cos2
2
    2 2 2   
a  b  2 cos ; a  b  a  b  2a  b  2  2 cos   4 sin2
2 2
         2
a  b  2 sin
2
; 3 a  b  a  b  2 3 cos  2 sin  maximum value 
2 2
2 3   (2)2  16  4
  
77.(1) | x  y |2  | x |2
        
x 2  y2  2x  y  x 2 ; 2 x  y  y  y  0 ; (2x  y )  y  0   1

 
78.(0.8) OA  i  j  k 

OB  2i  j  3k
 
 OA  OB     2
OP  ; OB.OP  3 OA  OP  6
 1
    2
  OA  OB    OA  OB 
OB    3 OA    6
  1    1 
   
    2
OB.OA   2 OA  OB
 OB  3 6
 1  1  1

i  
j  k . 2i  j  3k   14 3 2   2
 OA  OB  6
 1  1 2
   1
i j k
6  14  2   2  
3 OA  OB  6 ; OA  OB  1 1 1  2i  j  k
 
 1
   12 2 1 3

6  14  3 2 3  7 9 2
 1

2
6   6 ;  1

2
3
   1    1
7 2  10   3  9 2  3 2  6  3 ; 0  5 2  4 
4
  0,    0.8
5

Mathematics | Vectors 51 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Vectors
Archive JEE Advanced
  
1.(C) Let v  1a   2 b

v   1   2  iˆ   1   2  ˆj   1   2  kˆ
  1
Projection of v on c 
3
 
v c 1  1   2    1   2    1  2   1       1
    2 1
c 3 3 3 3
 
 v  ( 1  2 )(iˆ  kˆ )  ˆj  v  3iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ is the only correct option.

2.(B) AB  2iˆ  10 ˆj  11kˆ

AD   iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ
 
Angle ‘  ’ between AB and AD is
 
AB  AD 2  20  22 8 17
cos        sin    
AB AD 153 9 9

17
Since     90 , cos     cos  90     sin    
9
1 1
3.(A) mPQ  , mSR  , mRQ   3, mSP   3
6 6
 Parallelogram, but neither PR  SQ nor PR  SQ.
 So, it is parallelogram, which is neither a rhombus nor a rectangle.

4.(A) Given, OP  aˆ cos t  bˆ sin t
 
  
OP   aˆ  aˆ  cos 2 t  bˆ  bˆ sin 2 t  2aˆ  bˆ sin t cos t  OP  1  aˆ  bˆ sin 2t
 
 OP  M  1  aˆ  bˆ at sin 2t  1  t
max 4
  1
At t  , OP 
4 2
aˆ  bˆ  
    aˆ  bˆ
Unit vector along OP at  t   
 4  aˆ  bˆ

     
5.(A) Let vector r be coplanar to a and b  r  t1a  t2 b

    
r  t1 iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ  t2 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  t1  t2   ˆj  2t1  t2   kˆ  t1  t2 
  1
The projection of r on c 
3
  1  t1  t2   1   2t1  t2   1  t1  t2 
r c 1 1
    
c 3 3 3

  2t1  t2    1  r  (t1  t 2 )(iˆ  kˆ )  ˆj
(A) is the only correct option

Mathematics | Vectors 52 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

      
  b  a    b a  
 
 c a  c b  
 
 c  a  c  b1 
6.(B) Since, b 1  b   a , b1  b   2 a and c 1  c   2 a   2 b , c 2  c   2 a   2 b1 ,
2
a a a b a b
     
  c a  c b2    c a 
c3  c   a   b 2 , c 4  a   a.
2 2 2
a b2 a
        
 
Which shows a  b1  0  a  c 2  b1  c 2 So, a , b1 , c 2 are mutually orthogonal vectors.
 
7.(C) Here,   
a  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  b 
 
   
a  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  b  0 
   
   
a  b  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  0  
a  b   2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  …… (i)
 
a  b  29    4  9  16  29
 
   1  
a  b   2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ 
 
Now,   
a  b  7iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ    14  6  12    4
         
8.(B) Since a, b , c are unit vectors and a  b  c  0 , then a, b , c represent an equilateral triangle.
      
 ab  b c  c a  0
 
9.(C) Since, PQ is not parallel to TR
  
 TR is the resultant of RS and ST vectors.
   
 
PQ  RS  ST  0 
But for Statement II we have
  
PQ  RS  0
 
Which is not possible as PQ not parallel to RS .
Hence, Statement I is true and Statement II is false.
       
10.(C) Let angle between a and b be 1 , c and d be 2 and a  b and c  d be .
   
Since,  
ab  c d  1 
       
 sin 1  sin 2  cos   1  1  90, 2  90,   0  a  b , c  d , (a  b ) || (c  d )
   
So, ab  k c d  
        
  a b c   0 and  a b d   0 because c  (c  d )  d  (c  d )  0
   
     
 a, b , c and a, b , d are coplanar vectors, so option (A) and (B) are incorrect.
   
Let b || d  b  d
       
As  
ab  c d  1   
a  b  c  b  1  
       
 a  b c b    1  c b a  b    1
   
          
 
c  b  a  b  1
    c  a  b  a b  1
   
 
 c  a  1

Mathematics | Vectors 53 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Which is a contradiction, so option (C) is correct.

Let option (D) be correct.
   
 d   a and c   b
       
As  
ab  c d  1  a  b  b  a  1   
Which is a contradiction, so option (D) is incorrect.
Alternatively, options (C) and (D) may be observed from the given figure.

11.(A) The volume of the parallelopiped with coterminous edges as aˆ, bˆ, cˆ is given by  aˆ bˆ cˆ   aˆ  bˆ  cˆ
   
aˆ  aˆ aˆ  bˆ aˆ  cˆ 1 1/ 2 1/ 2
2
Now, ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
 aˆ b cˆ   b  aˆ b  b b  cˆ  1/ 2 1 1/ 2
 
cˆ  aˆ cˆ  bˆ cˆ  cˆ 1/ 2 1/ 2 1

2
 1 11 1 11 1 1
  aˆ bˆ cˆ 
 1 1           
  4 2 2 4 2 4 2 2
1
Thus, the required volume of the parallelopiped  cu unit
2

12.(C) Since, given vectors are coplanar

 2 1 1
2
 1  2 1 0  6  32  2  0  1     
2 2

2  0   2
2
1 1 

     
13.(C) We know that, volume of parallelopiped whose edges are a, b , c  a b c  .
1 a 1
  
  a b c  0 1 a  1  a 3  a which is greater than zero for positive a.

 
a 0 1
3
Let f a  a  a 1  f   a   3a 2  1
For maximum or minimum, put f   a   0
1 1
 a , which shows f  a  is minimum at a  a 0
3 3

14.(BD) Let vector AO be parallel to line of intersection of planes P1 and P2 through origin.

 
n1   2 ˆj  3kˆ  4 ˆj  3kˆ   18iˆ
  
Normal to plane p 2 is

  
n 2  ˆj  kˆ  3iˆ  3 ˆj  3iˆ  3 ˆj  3kˆ
  
So, 
OA is parallel to  n1  n 2  54 ˆj  54kˆ      
Angle between 54 ˆj  kˆ and 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ is

 54  108  1
cos     
 3  54  2  2
 3
  , . Hence (B) and (D) are correct.
4 4

Mathematics | Vectors 54 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

  
15.(AD) Let a  iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ, b  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ and c  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
  
 A vector coplanar to a and b , and perpendicular to c
        
       
  a  b  c    a  c  b  b  c a  1  1  2  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ  1  2  1 iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
   
  4iˆ  8 ˆj  4kˆ  4iˆ  4 ˆj  8kˆ   4 ˆj  4kˆ  4 ˆj  kˆ  
1
For   Option (A) is correct.
4
1
and for     Option (D) is correct.
4
 
  u  v  1   | | u  v |  cos   1
16.(BC) w   |w
 
 cos   1    0   is  to plane of u & v 
w  is  u and w
w  is  v
 is  to u 
w u1  u2  2u3  0
If u in xy plane  u3  0
 u1   u2  | u1 |  | u2 |
If u in xz plane  u2  0
 u1  2u3  0  | u1 |  2 | u3 |
   
For v wv and | u  v |  1  | v | sin   1

 is angle b/w u and v
  
  v0
So v can take many values where | v |  1 and w
   
17. (ACD) a  12, b  4 3 , b  c  24
  
a b c  0
  
b c  a
2
48  c  48  144
2
c  144  96  48
     
c  4 3  b and Q  R  a b  a c
2
c 
 a  24  12  12
2
2
c 
 a  24  12  36
2
         
a  b  c  a  a b c (because a  (b  c )  0 )

 12  48  48  48  12 48  48 3
 
a  b  48  24  0
 
a  b   72

Mathematics | Vectors 55 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

18.(B) Taking 1st two

 
OP  OQ  OR  OS  OQ  OR  
  OP  OS    OQ  OR   0  PS  QR

Similarly QS  PR ; RS  PQ  S is orthocentre

19.(D)

   

| OX  OY |  | OX | | OY | sin (  R )
 1.1 sin R
 sin ( P  Q)

20.(A) cos ( P  Q)  cos (Q  R )  cos ( R  P )

In a  ABC
3
cos A  cos B  cos C 
2
 [cos P  cos Q  cos R ] has minimum value 3 / 2 .
     
   a b     a b  
21. Vector component of a along and perpendicular to b are    b and a     b
2 2
 b   b 
   
       
22.     
As, a  d  b  c  c  d   c  a   0

 AD  BC and BD  CA

Which clearly represents from figure that D is

Orthocenter of ABC

  
23. Given, A  3, B  4, C  5
        
Since,     
A  B C  B  C  A  C  A  B  0  … (i)
  2  2 2      
  
A  B  C  A  B  C 2 A  B  B  C  C  A  9  16  25  0
     
[from Eq. (i) A  B  B  C  C  A  0 ]
  2   
 A  B  C  50  A  B C  5 2
   
24. b,c and (b  c ) are 3 mutually orthogonal vectors.
    
Let a  xb  yc  z (b  c )
  
    a  (b  c ) 
Then x  a b ; y  a c ; z   Hence, LHS = a
2
b c

Mathematics | Vectors 56 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

25. A unit vector perpendicular to the plane determined by P, Q, R

 
PQ  PR
   
   
PQ  PR
 

PQ  PR
Unit vector    
   
PQ  PR
 
Where, PQ  iˆ  ˆj  3k̂ and PR   iˆ  3 ˆj  k̂
iˆ ˆj kˆ
 
 PQ  PR  1 1 3  iˆ  1  9   ˆj  1  3   k̂  3  1  8i  4 j  4k
1 3 1


 
PQ  PR  4 4  1  1  4 6  
4 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ


2iˆ  ˆj  k̂   
4 6 6
1  
26. Area of ABC  AB  AC
2
 
AB  iˆ  2 ˆj  3k̂ and AC  2iˆ
iˆ ˆj kˆ
  1   1

 AB  AC  1 2 3  2 3 ˆj  2kˆ  Area of triangle 
2

AB  AC   2  9  4  13 sq units
2
2 0 0
     
27. Since, q = area of parallelogram with OA and OC as adjacent sides  OA  OC  a  b

And p = area of quadrilateral OABC

1   1   1    1         

2
OA  OB  OB  OC  a  10a  2b 
2 2 2
  
10a  2b  b  a  b  5 a  b  6 a  b 
 p  6q  k 6

28. Since vectors are coplanar,

a 1 1
 1 b 1 0
1 1 c

Applying R2  R2  R1, R3  R3  R1,

a 1 1 a / 1  a  1/ 1  b  1/ 1  c 
1  a b 1 0  0  1 1 0 0
1a 0 c 1 1 0 1

a 1 1 a 1 1

1a
1  1  b  1  1  c 1  0 
1a

1b

1c
0

1 1 1 1 1 1
 1    0    1
1a 1b 1c 1a 1b 1c
                 
29.

A  B C B
    
  A  C   A B C  B A C 
  
         
 A B C   A B C 
  
  
 0
 
C A B C  A  B C A B  C A B 
   
C A B 
 

Mathematics | Vectors 57 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

a a2 1  a3
30. Since, b b 2 1  b 3  0
c c2 1  c3

a a2 1 a a2 a3 1 a a2
 b b2 1  b b2 b3  0  1  abc  1 b b2  0
c c2 1 c c2 c3 1 c c2

1 a a2
 Either 1  abc   0 or 1 b b2  0
1 c c2

   
But 1,a , a 2 , 1,b,b 2 , 1,c, c 2 are non –coplanar.

1 a a2
 1 b b2  0  abc   1
2
1 c c

    
31. Given, a  a  c   b  0
           
 a  c  a  a  a  c  b  0   2 cos  a  c  b 0
   2 2 2   2
  2 cos  a  c 2  b   4 cos2   a  c  2  2cos  a  c  b

3
 4 cos2   4  8 cos2   1  4 cos2   3  cos   
2
3 
For  to be acute, cos    
2 6

32. Equation of the plane containing iˆ and iˆ  ˆj is  r  iˆ iˆ iˆ  ˆj   0
    
 ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ 
    
r  i  i  i  j   0
 

 
xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ  iˆ  iˆ  i  iˆ  ˆj   0
  
  x  1iˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ  kˆ   0   x  1 iˆ  kˆ  yjˆ  kˆ  zkˆ  kˆ 0
 z 0 … (i)

Equation of the plane containing iˆ  ˆj and iˆ  k̂ is  r  iˆ  ˆj iˆ  ˆj iˆ  k̂   0
        
 ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
   
r  i  j  i  j  iˆ  k̂   0
         
xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ  iˆ  ˆj  iˆ  iˆ  iˆ  kˆ  ˆj  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   0
 
  ˆ   ˆ ˆ 
 ˆ ˆ ˆ 
x  1 i  y  1 j  zk )   j  k  i  0
  
   x  1  y  1  z  0 … (ii)

Let a  a1iˆ  a 2 ˆj  a 3kˆ

Since, a is parallel to Eqs. (i) and (ii), we obtain a 3  0
And a1  a 2  a 3  0  a1   a 2 ,a 3  0

Thus, a vector in the direction a is iˆ  ˆj .

If  is the angle between a and iˆ  2 ˆj  2k̂ , then
11   1 2  3 1  3
cos      cos      or
1 1 1  4  4 2 3 2 4 4

Mathematics | Vectors 58 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

33. Any vector coplanar with iˆ  ˆj  2k̂ and iˆ  2 ˆj  k̂ is given by


   
a  x iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ  y iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ   x  y  iˆ   x  2y  ˆj   2x  y  k̂

This vector is perpendicular to iˆ  ˆj  k̂ , if  x  y 1   x  2y 1   2x  y 1  0

 
 4 x  4y  0   x  y  a   xjˆ  xkˆ  x  ˆj  kˆ  a  2 x  
 1
Hence, the required unit vector is a  
2
  ˆj  kˆ  

34. Let c  aiˆ  bjˆ
   
Since b and c are perpendicular to each other, b  c  0 4iˆ  3 ˆj   aiˆ  bjˆ   0
 4a  3b  0  a : b  3 : 4

 
 c   3i  4 ĵ , where  is constant of ratio.

Let the required vectors be a  piˆ  qjˆ
 
  a b 4 p  3q
Projection of a on b is   1  4 p  3q  5 … (i)
b 5
 
  a c
Also, projection of a on c is  .
c
3p  4 q
 2  3 p  4q   10
5
2 11 
On solving above equations, we get p  2, q   1 and p   ,q   c  2iˆ  ˆj
5 5

35. Let B  xiˆ  yjˆ  zk̂
 
Given, A  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ,C  ˆj  kˆ
  
Also, given A  B  C
  z  y  iˆ   z  x  ˆj   y  x  kˆ  ˆj  kˆ  z  y  0, x  z  1, y  x   1
 
Also, AB  3  x y z  3
5   5 2 2 
On solving above equations, we get x  ,y  z   B   iˆ, ˆj, kˆ 
3 3 3 3 3 
 2  2  2
36.(3) Given, a  b  b  c  c  a  9
2 2   2 2    2  2  
 a  b  2a  b  b  c  2b  c  c  a  2c  a  9
      
 a  b  c  1
 
6  2 a b  b c  c  a  9   
      3
 a b  b c  c a   …… (i)
2
      1   2  2  2 
Also, a b  b c  c  a   a  b  c 
2  
3
 …… (ii)
2
           
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), a  b  c  0 as a  b  b  c  c  a is minimum when a  b  c  0
  
 a b c  0  2a  5b  5c  2a  5  b  c   2a  5a  3

Mathematics | Vectors 59 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

37.(5) From the given information, it is clear that

 iˆ  2 ˆj    
a  a  1, b  1, a  b  0
5
              
Now.              
2a  b   a  b  a  2b   2a  b   a 2b  a  b  a  2 b 2  a  2 b  a  b 

    2 2
  2a  b   b  2a   4 a  b  4.1  1  5
   
38.(9) s  4 p  3q  5r
         
Also s  x   p  q  r   y ( p  q  r )  z   p  q  r 
 x  y  z  4 ......(1) , x  y  z  3 ......(2) and x  y  z  5 ....(3)
Solving 1 ,  2  , and  3
9 7
x  4, y  , z    2x  y  z  9
2 2
    
39.(3) c  xa  yb  (a  b)

a.c  2cos   x

b.c  2 cos   y
  
| c | x 2  y 2  | a  b |2
2  4cos 2   4cos 2   1
8cos2   3

40.(0.50)

1 1 1
S , , 
2 2 2

  1 1 1
p  SP  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2 2
  1ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ
q  SQ   i  j  k
2 2 2
  1 1 1
r  SR   iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2 2
  1 1 1
t  ST  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
2 2 2
  iˆ  ˆj
p q 
2
  iˆ  ˆj
r t 
2
    kˆ
( p  q)  (r  t ) 
2
    1
| ( p  q)  (r  t ) |   0.5
2

Mathematics | Vectors 60 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

        
41. Let position vectors of points A, B and C be a  b,a  b and a  kb, respectively.
     k 1   
 a  b  a  b
   
a  kb  a  b  k  1 b   
2      
 
 2b  k  1 b  k  1   2  k   3 Hence, it is true statement.

   
42. Given, A  B  A  C  0
  
 A is perpendicular to both B and C .
  
 A   B C  
     
A   B  C , where A, B,C are unit vectors
1
      2    2
1  sin 30
  
 A   2 B C   Hence, given statement is true.

        
43. a  b   b  c   c  a   a  b . b  c  b  a  c  a   a  b  c   b  c  a   a b c   a b c   0
Hence, it is a false statement.
     
44. Since X  A  X  B  X  C  0 ,
   
A, B, C lie in the unique plane whose normal is X . Hence, given statement is true.
  
45. We have, v1  2, v2  2 and v3  29
 
If  is the angle between v1 and v2 , then
1
2 2 cos    2  cos       135
2
 
Since, any two vectors are always coplanar and data is not sufficient, so we can assume v1 and v2 in
x  y plane.

v1  2iˆ [Let]

v2   iˆ  ˆj

And v3  iˆ  j  kˆ
 
Since, v3  v1  6  2    3
 
Also, v3  v2   5          2
 
And v3  v3  29  2  2   2     4

Hence, v3  3iˆ  2 ˆj  4kˆ

46. Let AD be the angular bisector of angle A. Let BC, AC and AB are , and , respectively. Then,
BD 
 .
DC 
 
c   b
Hence, position vector of D  . On AD, there lies a point I which divides it in ratio    : 

  
a  b  c
Now, position vector of I 

  
Which is symmetric in a ,b, c, ,  and  .
Hence I lies on every angle bisector and angle bisectors are concurrent.
     
Here,   b  c ,   a  c ,   a  b .

Mathematics | Vectors 61 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

 
47. Let C be origin and the position vectors of A and B are a and b respectively. Since the point D divides

b 
BC in the ratio of 2:1, the position vector of D will be D   
3
 
And the point E divides AC in the ratio 3:1

a 
Therefore E    . Now, let P divides BE in the ratio l : 1 and AD in the ratio x : 1
4
 
Hence, the position vector of P getting from BE and AD must be the same.
 
a   b  
l b x   a
4 3 l 1 x 1
Hence, we have        and 
l 1 x 1 4(l  1) ( x  1) 3( x  1) l  1
3 l l 8 BP
  1  3  l 1  l  
l 1 4(l  1) 4 3 PE
 
48. Let a  cxiˆ  6 ˆj  3kˆ and b  xiˆ  2 ˆj  2cxkˆ .
 
a and b makes an obtuse angle.
 
 a  b  0  cx 2  12  6cx  0  c  0 and discriminant  0
2
 c  0 and 36c  4   12  c  0  c  0 and 12c  3c  4   0
 c  0 and c  4 /3  c   4/ 3,0 
   
49. Let O be origin and OA  a ,OB  b

 b 
OE  [Since E being mid-point of OB
2
 
 a  1  b  2
OD 
12

(since, D divides AB in the ratio of 2:1)
 
   a  2b 
 Equation of OD is r  t  
 3 
 

    b  
And equation of AE is r  a  s   a 
2 
 
  
If OD and AE intersect at P, then there must be some r for which they are equal.
  
 a  2b   b   t 2t s 3 4
 t   a s a   1  s and   t  and s 
 3  2  3 3 2 5 5
   
 
a  2b
 Point P is … (i)
5

Since P divides OD in the ratio of  : 1 ,
 
 a  2b 
   10  
 3   a  2b 
      … (ii)
 1  5 
 
 1
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 
3    1 5
3 OP 3
 5  3  3     
2 PD 2

Mathematics | Vectors 62 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

50. OACB is a parallelogram with O as origin. Let

      
OA  a ,OB  b,OC  a  b

 a
And OD 
2
 
CO and BD meets at P.
 

   0  1 a  b
OP 

[along
 
OC ]
 1
 
 a  b
 OP  … (i)
 1

a  

    1 b
2
 
Again, OP    [along BD ]
 1
 
 a  2b
 OP  … (ii)
2    1
Form Eqs, (i) and (ii),
   
a b a  2b 1  1 1
   and 
 1 2    1   1 2    1  1  1
On solving, we get     2 Thus, required ratio is 2:1

  f1 t  f 2 t 
51. A t  is parallel to B t  for some t  0,1 , if and only if  for some t  0,1
g1 t  g 2 t 

Or f1 t   g2 t   f 2 t   g1 t  for some t  0,1

Let h t   f1 t   g2 t   f 2 t  g1 t 

 h 0   2  2  3  3   5  0

and   
h 1  f1 1  g2 1  f 2 1  g1 1    6  6  2  2  32  0

Since, h is a continuous function and h  0   h 1  0 ,

Therefore, here is some t  0,1 for which h t   0

 
i.e. A t  and B t  are parallel vectors for this t.

       
52. Given, a  b  c  d and a  c  b  d
       
 a b a c  c d b d
     
    
a  b c  c b d

     
 a  b  c    c  b   d  0
     
 a  b  c   d  b  c   0
       
 a  d   b  c   0  a  d  || b  c  since a  d and b  c
 
 a  d   b  c   0
       
 a b  d c  d b  a c

Mathematics | Vectors 63 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

       
53. (i) Since u  v  u v cos  u  v  u v sin  n̂
and
 
Where,  is the angle between u and v and n̂ is unit vector perpendicular to the plane of
 
u and v .
 2  2  2  2 2 2 2 2
Again, u  v  u v cos2  and u  v  u v sin 2  u v sin 2 
 2  2 2 2  2 2
 
u  v  u  v  u v cos2   sin 2    u v … (i)
    2
(ii) u  v  u  v 
 2  2      2 2    2
 u  v  u  v  2 u  v   u  v   u  v  2u  v  u  v  0
   
[ u  v is perpendicular to the plane of u and v ]
    2  2  2 2    2    2
 u  v  u  v   1  u  v  u  v  2u  v  u  v  1  2u  v  u  v
 2 2 2 2
 u  v 1 u v [from Eq .(i)]
2 2 2 2 2

 u 1 v  1 v  
 1 v 1 u    
   
54. Let the position vectors of points A, B, C, D be a ,b, c and d respectively.
        
Then, AB  b  a , BC  c  b, AD  d  a
        
BD  d  b,CA  a  c,CD  d  c
     
Now, AB  CD  BC  AD  CA  BD
           
      
 b a  d  c  c b  d a  a  c  d b     
                       
 b  d  a  d  b  c  a  d  c d  c  a b  d  b a  a  d  a b  c  d  c b
     
 2| a  b  b  c  c  a | … (i)
Also, area of ABC
1   1    

2
AB  AC 
2
 
b  a  c  a 

1        
 b c b a  a c  a a
2
1      
 a b  b c  c a … (ii)
2
From Eqs. (i) and (ii)
     
AB  CD  BC  AD  CA  BD  2 (2 area of ABC )= 4 (area of ABC)
  
55. Since, OA1,OA 2 ,...OAn are all vectors of same magnitude and angle between any two consecutive vectors
is same i.e.,  2 / n  .
  2
 OA1  OA 2  a 2 .sin  pˆ … (i)
n
Where, p̂ is perpendicular to plane of polygon.
n 1 n 1
  2
Now,  OAi  OAi 1   a 2  sin  pˆ
n
i 1 i 1
2
 n  1  a 2  sin  pˆ
n
 
 n  1 OA1  OA 2 
 
 1  n  OA 2  OA1   RHS

Mathematics | Vectors 64 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 
 u v 1    
x     sec u  v  
u v 2 2 
  
 w v 1    
56. y     sec v  w   … (i)
v w 2 2 
  
 w  u 1   
z     sec w  u  
w u 2 2 

        2
Since,  x  y y  z z  x    x y z  [from Eq. (i)]
1          2
 sec2  sec2  sec2 u  v v  w w  u  … (ii)
64 2 2 2
       
And u  v v  w w  u   2 u v w  … (iii)
   
  x  y y  z z  x 
1      2 1   2   
 sec2  sec 2  sec2  4 u v w    u v w  sec2  sec2  sec2
64 2 2 2 16 2 2 2
  
57.  
V  a  b  c  a12  a 2
2  a2
3

b12  b22  b32 c12  c 2

2 2
 c3 … (i)
a1  a 2  a 3   b1  b2  b3   c1  c2  c 3 
Now, L 
3
1/ 3
 a1  a 2  a 3 b1  b2  b3  c1  c2  c3  
[using AM  GM]
 L3  a1  a 2  a 3 b1  b2  b3 c1  c 2  c3   … (ii)
2
Now, a1  a 2  a 3   a12  a 2
2 2
 a3  2a1a 2  2a1a 3  2a 2a 3  a12  a 2
2 2
 a3

 a1  a 2  a 3   a12  a 22  a 32

Similarly, b1  b2  b3   b12  b22  b32 and c1  c2  c3   c12  c 2

2 2
 c3
1/2




L3   a12  a 2 2
 a3 2

b12  b22  b32 c12  c 2
2
 2 
 c3    L3  V [from Eq. (i)]

   
58. Given equation is w  w  u   v … (i)
      
Taking cross product with u , we get u  w  w  u    u  v
                
 u  w  u  w  u   u  v  u  w  u  u  w  u  w  u  u  v
       
 u  w  w  u  w  u  u  v … (ii)
       
Now, taking dot product of Eq. (i) with u, we get u  w  u  w  u   u  v
      
 u w  u v [ u  w  u   0 ] … (iii)
       
Now taking dot product of Eq. (i) with v , we get v  w  v  w  u   v  v
            
 v  w  vwu   1  v  w  v w u   1  0   u  v   w  v  w  1  0
    
 1  v  w  u  v   w … (iv)

Taking dot product of Eq. (ii) with w, we get
           
u  w   w  w  w  u  w u  w   u  v   w … (v)
2   2         
 0  w  u  w   u  v   w  u  v   w  w 2  u  w 2
       
Taking dot product of Eq. (i) with w, we get w  w  w  u  .w  v  w

Mathematics | Vectors 65 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

2  
 w  0  v w … (vi)
2   
 w  1  u  v   w [from Eq. (iv)]
   2   2      2
 
Again, from Eq. (v), get u  v  w  w  u  w  1  u  v  w  u  w      
     2
 2 u  v   w  1  u  v  [From Eq. (iii)]
  
  2 1 1  u  v 2  0 
 u  v   w
1  u  v   

  
2 2
   
The equality holds if and only if u  v  0 or iff u is perpendicular to v

59. Here, AB   iˆ  5 ˆj  3k̂
 
AC   4iˆ  3 ˆj  3k̂ and AD  iˆ  7 ˆj     1 k̂
  
We know that, A, B, C, D lie in a plane if AB, AC, AD are coplanar i.e.
1 5 3
  
 AB AC AD   0  4 3 3 0
 
1 7  1
146
 1  3  3  21  5  4   4  3   3  28  3   0  17  146  0  
17
   
60. 
Now, A  B  A  C   
               
 A  A  B  A  A C  B C  B  A  A C  B C  A  A  0
 
     
 
 A  B  A  C   B C
      
               
 B  A  A  C  B  C   B  C  B  A  B  C  A  C
           B  C 
               
      
 B  A C B  B  A  B C  A C C B  A C  B     C
  
 a  b  c  a  c  b  b  c a 
     
       
 B A C  B   A C B  C
   
    
[ a b c   0 , if any two of a ,b, c are equal]
 
    
 A C B B  C
   
       
      
Now,  A  B  A  C   B  C  B  C
 
           
    
  ACB  B  C  B  C   ACB  B  C  B  C
      
     2  2   
  ACB   B  C   0 [ B  C , given]
  
   
61. Considering first part a  b  c  d    
  
Let c d  e
        
 a  b  c  a  c  b  b  c a 
  
  
a  b  e  a  e  b  b  e a
     
              
 a  c  d  b  b  c  d  a  a c d  b  b c d  a … (i)
   
        
Similarly, a  c    d  b   a d b  c  c d b  a
   
    
 a d b  c  b c d  a … (ii)
   

Mathematics | Vectors 66 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

       
Also, a  d   b  c   a b c  d  b c d  a
   
… (iii)

From Eqs. (i) (ii) and (iii),

           
    
a  b  c  d  a  c   d  b  a  d  b  c     
              
 a c d  b  b c d  a  a d b  c  b c d  a  a b c  d  b c d  a
           
         
  3 b c d  a  a c d  b  b c d  a  a b c  d
       
  
As b, c and d are non-coplanar,
        
    [a c d ] [a d b] [a b c]
a  1 b   2c   3d and 1     ,  2     ,  3    
[b c d ] [b c d] [b c d]
              
 [a c d ]b  [a b c ]d  [a d b ]c  [b c d ]a
                     
        
   
  
And a  b  c  d  a  c   d  b  a  d  b  c   3 b c d  a  a c d  b  b c d  a  a b c  d
 
  
 2 b c d  a
 

 Parallel to a .
   
62. (i) Given, A  B  A  B  0 … (i)
      
And A  X  B  A  B  0 and X  B  0 … (ii)
       
Now, X A A  B  X. A  A  B
    
              
  
 X  AB A  A  A B  A B X  A  A  A X B  0        
   
 X , A, A  B are coplanar.
   
So, X can be represented as a linear combination of A and A  B
   
Let us consider, X  lA  m A  B  
 
Since, A  X  c
    2 c
  
A  lA  m A  B  c  l A  0  c   l  
A
2

       
Also, A  X  B  A  lA  m A  B  B   
       2   1
  
l A  A m A  A  B     B   
0 m A B  B  m  
A
2

   
  c   1   
 X    A    A B
2 2  
 A   A 
   

(ii) Since, vector A has components A1, A2 , A3 in the coordinate system OXYZ .

 A  A1iˆ  A2 ˆj  A3kˆ
When the given system is rotated about an angle of  /2 , the new X-axis is along old Y-axis and
new Y-axis is along the old negative X-axis, whereas z remains same.
Hence, the components of A in the new system are  A2 ,  A1, A3  .

 A becomes A2iˆ  A1 ˆj  A3kˆ  

Mathematics | Vectors 67 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes


63. Since, v is unit along the incident ray and ŵ is the unit vector along the reflected ray.

Hence, â is a unit vector along the external bisector of v and ŵ .
 ˆ  vˆ  aˆ
w
On squaring both sides, we get
 ˆ  vˆ  2  2  2 cos 2  2
1  1  2w
   2 sin 
Where, 2 is the angle between v̂ and ŵ .
ˆ  vˆ  2sin   aˆ  2cos  90    aˆ    2aˆ  vˆ  aˆ
Hence, w
 ˆ  vˆ  2 aˆ  vˆ  aˆ
w
     
64. Let the position vectors of A, B, C be a ,b and c respectively and that of P, Q, R be p,q and r ,

respectively. Let h be the position vector of the orthocenter H of the PQR . We have, HP  QR .
  
Equation of straight lines passing through A and perpendicular to QR i.e. parallel to HP  P  h is
   
r  a  t1 p  h   … (i)
Where, t1 is a parameter.
   
Similarly, equation of straight line through B and perpendicular to RP is r  b  t 2 q  h   … (ii)
Again, equation of straight line through C and perpendicular to PQ is
   
r  c  t3 r  h   …. (iii)

If the lines (i), (ii) and (iii) are concurrent, then there exists a point D with position vector d which lies on
all of them, that is for some values of t1,t 2 and t 3 ,
Which implies that
1  1   
d  a  p h … (iv)
t1 t1
1  1   
d  b  q h …. (v)
t2 t2
1  1   
d  c r h … (vi)
t3 t3
From Eqs. (iv) and (v)
1 1  1  1   
   d  a  b  p q … (vii)
 t1 t 2  t1 t2
And from Eqs. (v) and (vii),
1 1 1  1   
  d  b c q r …. (viii)
t 
 2 t3  t2 t3

Eliminating d from Eqs. (vii) and (viii), we get
1 1   1  1     1 1   1  1   
   a  b  p  q      b  c  q r 
t  
 2 t 3   t1 t2   t1 t 2   t 2 t3 
       
    
t 3  t 2  t 2 a  t1 b  t1 t 2  p  q    t 2  t1 t 3b  t 2 c  t 2 t 3 q  r 
[multiplying both sides by t1t 22t 3 ]
    2   
    
t 2 t 3  t 2 a  t 2 t1  t 3 b t 2 t 2  t1  c  t1 t 2 t 3  t 2  p t 2 t1  t 3  q  t 2t 3 t 2  t1  r  0
Thus, lines (i) (ii) and (iii) are concurrent is
Equivalent to say that there exist scalars t1,t 2 and t 3 such that
      
t 2  t 3  a  t 3  t1  b  t1  t 2  c  t1 t 2  t 3  p t 2 t 3  t1  q  t 3 t1  t 2  r  0
On dividing by t1t 2t 3 , we get

Mathematics | Vectors 68 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

     
 2  3  p   3  1  q   1  2  r 1  2  3  a  2   3  1  b   3  1  2  c  0
1
Where, i 
ti
For i  1,2,3
So this is the condition that the lines from P
Perpendicular to BC, from Q, perpendicular to CA and From R perpendicular to AB are concurrent
(By changing ABC and PQR simultaneously)

iˆ  3iˆ
65. F is mid –point of BC i.e. F   2iˆ and AF  DE
2
Let E divides AF in  : 1 . The position vector of E is given by

2iˆ  1 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ


 2  1  ˆ
i 
1
ˆj 
1 ˆ
k
 1   1   1  1
1
Now, volume of the tetrahedron  (area of the base) height
3
2 2 1
  ( area of the ABC ) (DE)
3 3
1   1
But area of the ABC 
2 2
 
BA  BC  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  ˆj  i  kˆ  kˆ  ˆj  2

2 2 1

3 3
  
2  DE   DE  2

Since, ADE is a right angle triangle, then

AD 2  AE 2  DE 2   4 2  AE 2   2 
2
 AE 2  12
 2  1 1 1 ˆ   
But AE 
 1
iˆ 
 1
ˆj 
 1
k  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ 
 1
iˆ  1
ˆj 
 1
k̂
 2 1 3 2
 AE   2   2  2  
2  
   1    12
3 2
Therefore, 12 
   12
2
 4    1  2  4 2  4  8  2  32  8  4  0  32  6  2  4  0
 3    2   2    2   0   3  2    2   0     2 /3,    2
 2  1  ˆ 1
ˆj 
1 ˆ
When    2 /3, position vector of E is given by  i  k
  1   1  1
2   2/3   1 1 1 4 /3  1 1 1
 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  iˆ   kˆ
2/3  1 2/3  1 2/3  1 2  3 2  3 2  3
3 3 3
4  3

 3 i  1 ˆj  1 kˆ   iˆ  3 ˆj  3kˆ
1/3 1/3 1/3
And when    2 , position vector of E is given by,
2   2   1 1 1 4  1
iˆ  ˆj kˆ 
iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  3iˆ  ˆj  k̂
2  1 2  1 2  1 1
Therefore, iˆ  3 ˆj  3k̂ and 3iˆ  ˆj  k̂ are the answer.

Mathematics | Vectors 69 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

 
66. Let O be the origin of reference. Let the position vectors of A and B be a and b respectively.
  
Since, BC || OA, BC   OA   a for some constant 
  
Equation of OC is r  t b   a and 
   
Equation of AB is r  a   b  a  
Let P be the point of intersection of OC and AB. Then,
    
   
At point P, t b  a  a   b  a for some values of t and 
 
 t   1    a     t  b
 
Since, a and b are non-parallel vectors, we must have
t   1    0 and   t  t  1/    1
 
b   a 
1
Thus, position vector of P is r1 
 1
 1   1 
Equation of MN is r  a  k b     1 a  … (i)
2  2 
 
For k  1/    1 {which is the coefficient of b in r1 }, we get
 1  1  1 
r  a b     1 a 
2  1  2 
1  1 1  1  1  1 
 b     1  a a  b    1    1 a
   1 2  1 2    1 2    1

b   a   r1
1
  P lies on MN
   1
  
67. Since, a ,b, c are non-coplanar vectors,
 
 a b c   0
 
      
Also, a b b c  pa  qb r c
  
Taking dot product with a ,b and c respectively both sides, we get

 
p  q cos   r cos   a b c  … (i)
 
p cos   q  r cos   0 … (ii)
 
And p cos   q cos   r  a b c  … (iii)
 
On adding above equations,
 
2 a b c 
p q r    … (iv)
2 cos   1
On multiplying Eq. (iv) by cos  and subtracting
Eq. (i), we get
 
2 abc  cos   
p  cos   1     a b c 
2 cos   1  
 
a b c 
 p   
1  cos  2 cos   1
   
2 abc  cos  abc 
Similarly, q    and r   
1  2cos  1  cos   1  2 cos    cos  
1

Mathematics | Vectors 70 Workbook-6 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

     
a a a b a c 1 cos  cos 
  2      
Now, a b c   b  a b  b b  c  cos  1 cos 
 
      cos  cos  1
c a c b c c

1 1 1
Applying R1  R1  R2  R3  1  2 cos   cos  1 cos 
cos  cos  1
1 0 0
2
Applying C2  C 2  C1,C3  C3  C1  1  2cos   . cos  1  cos  0  1  2 cos   . 1  cos  
cos  0 1  cos 

  1 2 cos  1
   
 a b c   1  2 cos  . 1  cos    p 
1  2 cos 
, q 
1  2 cos 
and r 
1  2cos 

68. ˆ ˆ
Let R  xi  yj  zk̂
   
 RB CB
iˆ ˆj kˆ iˆ ˆj kˆ
 x y z  4 3 7  y  z  iˆ   x  z  ˆj   x  y  kˆ   10iˆ  3 ˆj  7kˆ
1 1 1 1 1 1
 
 y  z   10, z  x  3, x  y  7 and R  A  0  2x  z  0

On solving above equation, x   1, y   8 and z  2  R   iˆ  8 ˆj  2k̂
 
69. Given that, a b c are coplanar vectors.
 There exists scalars x , y, z not all zero such that
  
xa  yb  zc  0 … (i)
 
Taking dot with a and b respectively, we get
     
 
x  a  a   y a  b  z a  c   0 … (ii)
     
And      
x a  b  y b b  z c b  0 … (iii)
Since, Eqs, (i), (ii) and (iii) represent homogenous equation with  x , y, z    0,0,0  .
 Non –trivial solutions
 0
  
a b c
      
 a a a b a c  0
     
b b b b b  c

70.       
Since, iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ x  3iˆ  3 ˆj  kˆ y  4iˆ  5 ˆj z   i x  ˆj y  kˆ z 
 x  3y  4 z  x , x  3y  5z  y,3x  y  0 z  z
 1    x  3y  4 z  0, x   3    y  5z  0,
3x  y   z  0
Since  x , y, z    0,0,0  ,
Non –trivial solution.
1  3 4
 0  1  3    5  0  1    3  2  5  3    15 4 1  9  3   0
3 1 
2
     1 0    0, 1

Mathematics | Vectors 71 Workbook-6 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

  
71.(108) a  b  c  0 ……………..(1)
  
a  (c  b ) 3
   
c  (a  b ) 7
2 2
b c 3 2
  c  13 (using(1))
2 2 7
b a

 c  13 …………..(2)

Again from (1)

  
a  b  c
     1  2 2 2 3
 (a  b )2  c  a  b  6  cos     a  b  a b sin2   9  16   108
2 4
 
72. | PQ || PS | a 2  b 2
Since adjacent sides are equal
So, it’s a rhombus.
1  
Area = | D1  D2 | 2ab
2

 a b  a b
 ab  4  | u | and | v |
a 2  b2 a 2  b2
   
| | 2 |u |  |v || |
2
 
(a  b ) | a  b | 2 a 2  b 2  
 2 max a ,b  2 a 2  b 2 
2 2
 max a,b   min a,b
 a b 2
 
PR  2ai  4iˆ | PR | 4
ˆ
 
Angle bisector of PQ and PS is along iˆ and hence D is wrong.

Mathematics | Vectors 72 Workbook-6 | Solutions