This module encourages you to be familiar with the utilize appropriate statistical tools in analyzing data; interpret data/statistical results. Differentiated activities are provided for you to perform in order to strengthen your knowledge and skills regarding the topic. Atthe end of this module, you are expected to: + describe the steps in hypothesis testing; + list the common statistical tools in experimental research; and ++ give the importance of statistical tests in research, Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What is that area of science that gathers, organizes, analyzes data, and draws inferences from the samples for the whole population? A. Genetics B. Physics C. Stalistios D. Systematics 2. Which of these is not a quantitative variable? A discrete 8. interval C. ordinal D. ratio 3. Which statistical tool is used when comparing the means of precisely two groups? ‘A. ANOVA B. Correlation C, MANOVA, D. Ttest 4. Which of these is NOT TRUE about the hypothesis? A Itis an educated guess. B. thas two types, the alternative and the null. . It can be tested through experimental research. D. It makes the researcher identify the problem of the experiment, 5. Which statistical tool is used to test cause and effect relationships? A, comparison tests B. correlation tests C. non-parametric tests D. regression tests6. Which of these is NOT a comparison test? A. ANOVA B. Chi-square ‘C. MANOVA, D. Paired ttest 7. What Is the tarm used for the likelihood of the test statistic falling within the rejected eres? A. level of confidence 8. fevel of margin , level of rejection D. level of significance 8. Which statistical test is appropriate if the research problem is to determine the difference in the study habit of students from two different schools? A. ANOVA B. Chi-square test C. Independent t-test D. Paired test 9. A high schoo! student wants to test the effect of light on plant growth. What is the independent variable in this research problem? ‘A. amount of light B. effect of ight C. plant D. plant growth, 10. Which is the dependent variable if the research problem is to determine the solution rate by adding soda to water? A. soda B. soda in water C. solution rate D. water 11. Which type of error is committed when the null hypothesis is rejected when itis true? A. both cand d B. neither ¢ nor d €. type} D. type ll 12, Why should we use the Pearson's r correlation test if the research problem is to determine the relationship of latitude and temperature? ‘A. The predictor variable is categorical and has one quantitative outcome. B. The predictor variable is continuous and the outcome variable is also continuous. ©. The variable Is categorical, has one or more predictors and has one quantitative outcome. D. There is one or more predictor variable that is categorical and has two or more quantitative outcome. 13, Why should an ANOVA test be used if the research problem is to determine the difference in the mean percentage score of students in Science given three different types of fests? A. Ithas one predictor variable. B. Ithas two outcome variables. C. Ithas two predictor variables. D. Ithas one or more predictor variables.14, Which of the following is NOT one of the common assumptions of statistical tests about the data they are using? A. size of data B. data normality C independence of observations D. similarity of variance among groups 115, Which of the following DOES NOT describe the importance of statistical tests in scientific research? A. itis used in the analysis of data. B. Ithelps the researcher choose the data. C. Itdetermines the method of data collection. D. It helps the researcher in the interpretation of the data, What’s In In grade 9 Research |, you have learned about measures of central tendency, the mean, median, and mode. The mean is also called the average and is most likely the one you are famniliar with but we still have the median and the mode. Let us check if you can still remember your previous lesson. Kindly read the problem below and follow the instruction. Write your answer on a separate sheet of Paper. Problem: There are five competing countries in gymnastics in the SEA GAMES. Each country has received a score for each event, as shown in the table below: SB SHREK Figure 1. Events in gymnastics where the five countries competed during the SEA GAMES. Country Vault Floors Uneven bars | Balance beam Malaysia a2 oz 70 73 Tadonesia aS 38 as a2 Vietnam at 82 as at ‘Singapore 78 S 8 0 Philippines 3 0 3 86 Draw a bar graph to show the mean for each country. Label the gold, silver, and bronze winners. You may use your coloring materials to color the bar graph (optional).& Assessment Directions: Read each question carefully and then choose the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which type of error is committed when the null hypothesis is accepted when it is not true? A. Both candd C. Type! B Neither c nord D. Type ti 2. What is the independent variable if the research problem is to determine the effect to the solution rate by adding soda in water? A. soda C. water B. soda water D. solution rate 3. Which variable is described as representing measures that can be divided into ‘smaller units than one? ‘A. continuous . nominal B. discrete D, ordinal 4. Which of these assumptions when not met by the data will use a non-parametric test? | independence of observation il. well-distributed data Il the simitarity of variance among groups. IV. size of sample A.tand it Cand iv B. and it D. litand IV 5, Which of the following is true about type ll error? A.WerejectHo ifitisfaise. C. We accept Ho ifitis true. B. We reject Ho if it is true. D. We accept Ho if itis false. 6. Which pair of statistical tests are used when comparing the means of more than two groups? ‘A. ANOVA and MANOVA. C. Pearson's rand Spearman's r B. Chi-Square and regression _D. T-tests and Z-tests 7. Why are we going fo use a correlation test if the research problem is to test the relationship of temperature and pressure? AA. It has two outcome variables. B. It compares the means of two groups. C, Itfinds differences among group means. D. Itchecks whether two variables are related. 8. Which of these is a statement whose validity is tested based on a sample? A. alternative hypothesis, . null hypothesis B. composite hypothesis D. simple hypothesis 9, Which of these is accepted if the null hypothesis is rejected? A. alternative hypothesis C. negative hypothesis B. positive hypothesis D. statistical hypothesis 10. How do you call the rejection probability of the null hypothasis when it is true? A. level of confidence . level of margin B. level of significance D. level of rejection11, How do you call the point in the curve where the null hypothesis gets rejected? A acceptance value C. rejection value B. critical value D. significant valve 12. Which type of test will you use if the critical region is evenly distributed? A. one-tailed C. two-tailed B. three-tailed D. zero-tailed 13, Which of the following variable is not categorical? ‘A. age of person, B, gender of person: male or female C. marital status (single, married, divorced, others) D. test answer choice: (True or Faise) 14. If the relationship between two variables is statistically important, it implies that the investigator assumes that the variables are. A. Very important. B. Significantly related to each other. C. Related to the population due to chance alone. D. Not associated with the population represented by the sample. 18. Which one of these is TRUE about the one use of a regression tine? A. To determine if any x-values are outers. B. To determine if any y-values are outliers. C, To determine if a change in x causes @ change in y. D. To determine the change in y for a one-unit change in x &) Additional Activity Directions: Study the problem below. Answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper. Problem: It is said that cleaned and powdered eggshells help improve the growth of plants, To put this to the test, a researcher experimented on the effect of eggshells on the growth of tomato. ‘Questions: 1. Which test would you use to see if there is a relationship between the powered eggshells and the growth of tomato? 2. Which is the independent variable in this study? 3. Which is the dependent variable In this study? 4, What will be your null hypothesis? 5, Why are you going to use the chosen statistical test in number 1?