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REFRESHER MODULE – M6 – Transportation Engineering

SITUATION 2. Tropical Typhoon Reming hits the country which
RAILROAD ENGINEERING causes a storm surge in Camarines Sur. The deep-water wave
FROG NUMBER period was recorded by a water level logger which was 1.7 sec at
a point having a depth of 23 m.
2. Determine the wavelength of the deep-water wave.
𝑯𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉
𝑭𝒓𝒐𝒈 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = a. 2.32 m c. 3.21 m
𝑯𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝑺𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒅 b. 4.51 m d. 5.78 m

𝟏 𝟏 3. Determine the height of the wave if it has a steepness of 0.30.

𝑭𝒓𝒐𝒈 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕 ( ∅) a. 1.35 m c. 2.21 m
𝟐 𝟐 b. 3.26 m d. 4.78 m
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒖𝒓𝒏𝒐𝒖𝒕 = 𝑯𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 + 𝑻𝒐𝒆 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 SITUATION 3. PAG-ASA issued a warning on the western
seaboard. The forecast predicts waves having a wavelength of 80
SITUATION 1. A turnout has a frog with the following data: meters at a point near the Scarborough Shoal in the West
Frog Angle = 5°43’29’’ Total L of Turnout = 3600 mm Philippine Sea having a depth of 50 m.
Toe = 1600 mm 4. Classify the type of wave.
a. Shallow-Water c. Deep Water
1. Determine the frog number. b. Seiichi Waves d. Love Waves
a. 10 c. 12 5. Determine the wave period that causes this wavelength in sec.
b. 6 d. 8 a. 2.47 sec c. 5.52 sec
2. Determine the heel length. b. 8.21 sec d. 7.16 sec
a. 1500 mm c. 3000 mm 6. Compute the velocity of the wave.
b. 2000 mm d. 600 mm a. 11.18 m/s c. 5.83 m/s
3. Compute the length of the heel spread. b. 38.21 m/s d. 24.94 m/s
a. 200 mm c. 400 mm
b. 300 mm d. 500 mm PROBLEM 7. Deep water wave breaks normally when the wave
height exceeds one-seventh of the wavelength. When the wave
TRACTIVE CAPACITY reaches the shallow water, such that the depth is equal to 1.25 of
PROBLEM 4. Compute the tractive capacity of a locomotive its height, the wave will usually break. Determine the wavelength
whose total weight is 180 kN moving at a speed of 48 kph if the of a certain wave that breaks at a point in the ocean having a depth
coefficient of rail friction is 0.25. of 4m.
a. 0.67 m c. 2.21 m a. 65 m c. 35 m
b. 3.26 m d. 4.78 m b. 25 m d. 45 m

PROBLEM 5. What is the maximum weight of a train in tons with PROBLEM 8. Determine the velocity which causes a wave height
a tractive capacity of 800 HP moving at a speed of 30 mph if the of a long wave equal to 6 m if it has a steepness of 1/9. (Hint: For
coefficient of rail friction is 0.25? long waves, d < L/25, use 𝑳 = 𝑻√𝒈𝒅)
a. 0.67 m c. 2.21 m a. 4.60 m/s c. 3.27 m/s
b. 3.26 m d. 4.78 m b. 5.34 m/s d. 7.93 m/s
PORTS AND HARBOR PROBLEM 9. (CE BOARD NOV. 2016) Determine the elevation
of the residual water level (RWL) for a gravity type if the following
WAVES data are as follows:
A. SHALLOW WATER WAVES (d < L/2) Elev. of MLLW = 0 m (datum)
1. Wavelength (L) Elev. of HWL = +1.26 m
Where: L = wave length of shallow- Elev. of LWL = -0.23 m
𝒈𝑻𝟐 𝟐𝝅𝒅 water waves a. 0.267 m c. 0.361 m
𝑳=( ) 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐡( ) T = period in seconds b. 0.763 m d. 0.422 m
𝟐𝝅 𝑳 d = water depth
PROBLEM 10. Determine the elevation of the RWL for the
2. Wave velocity/Celerity (V) 3. Steepness (S) previous problem if a sheet pile type is used.
a. 0.267 m c. 0.361 m
𝒈𝑻 𝟐𝝅𝒅 𝑾𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕(𝑯) b. 0.763 m d. 0.422 m
𝑽 = ( ) 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐡( ) 𝑺=
𝟐𝝅 𝑳 𝑾𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 (𝑳)
PROBLEM 11. (CE BOARD MAY 2016) Planned water depth is
considered as follows for a ship with a draft of 7.50m and the
design low tide (DLT) is equal to -0.35 m. Find the standard water
B. DEEP WATER WAVES (d ≥ L/2) depth of berth for a ship.
a. 3.27 m c. 7.85 m
1. Wavelength (L) 2. Wave velocity/Celerity (V) b. 5.62 m d. 4.22 m
𝒈𝑻𝟐 𝒈𝑻
𝑳= 𝑽= PROBLEM 12. (CE BOARD NOV. 2016) A rectangular barge 20m
𝟐𝝅 𝟐𝝅 long, 12m wide and 8m deep. It enters the harbor of Cebu City
having a design low tide (DLT) equal to -0.30m. The harbor facility
PROBLEM 1. During Typhoon Haiyan, due to strong winds, it is protected by riprap to prevent scouring. The weight of the barge
causes a wavelength of a shallow-water wave of 20 m long. If the when empty is equal to 1000 tons. Assuming sp.gr. of seawater to
wave period (the time for two consecutive crests to pass a given be 1.03m and the max. depth of water in the harbor is 6.4m deep,
point) is 8.4 sec., determine the depth of water at that point determine the maximum weight in tons that the barge can carry
assuming it to be uniform. safely based on the specifications of the Phil. Port Authority (PPA)
a. 0.58 m c. 3.21 m regarding the standard water depth. (Hint: 1 metric ton = 1000 kg)
b. 1.23 m d. 0.78 m a. 373 tons c. 479 tons
b. 508 tons d. 841 tons