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    Itemi Bac

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    Sports violence has become a social problem that governments and organizations are trying to address. Commissions have been formed in Canada and England to investigate violence among hockey players and soccer fans. While sports have historically been rough, the acceptance and glorification of violence has increased, especially during the Roman Empire when it became a social norm. However, there is now growing dissatisfaction with sports violence. Changes to rules, equipment, and arena design have tried to reduce violence, but there remains an ambivalence toward the issue among those involved, with each group tending to justify it while avoiding responsibility. Contemporary critics see sports violence as a disturbing worldwide phenomenon that requires attention.

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    Itemi Bac

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    tbartha9175
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    Sports violence has become a social problem that governments and organizations are trying to address. Commissions have been formed in Canada and England to investigate violence among hockey players and soccer fans. While sports have historically been rough, the acceptance and glorification of violence has increased, especially during the Roman Empire when it became a social norm. However, there is now growing dissatisfaction with sports violence. Changes to rules, equipment, and arena design have tried to reduce violence, but there remains an ambivalence toward the issue among those involved, with each group tending to justify it while avoiding responsibility. Contemporary critics see sports violence as a disturbing worldwide phenomenon that requires attention.

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    Sports violence has become a social problem that governments and organizations are trying to address. Commissions have been formed in Canada and England to investigate violence among hockey players and soccer fans. While sports have historically been rough, the acceptance and glorification of violence has increased, especially during the Roman Empire when it became a social norm. However, there is now growing dissatisfaction with sports violence. Changes to rules, equipment, and arena design have tried to reduce violence, but there remains an ambivalence toward the issue among those involved, with each group tending to justify it while avoiding responsibility. Contemporary critics see sports violence as a disturbing worldwide phenomenon that requires attention.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    67 views3 pages

    Itemi Bac

    Uploaded by

    tbartha9175
    Sports violence has become a social problem that governments and organizations are trying to address. Commissions have been formed in Canada and England to investigate violence among hockey players and soccer fans. While sports have historically been rough, the acceptance and glorification of violence has increased, especially during the Roman Empire when it became a social norm. However, there is now growing dissatisfaction with sports violence. Changes to rules, equipment, and arena design have tried to reduce violence, but there remains an ambivalence toward the issue among those involved, with each group tending to justify it while avoiding responsibility. Contemporary critics see sports violence as a disturbing worldwide phenomenon that requires attention.

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    For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Sports Violence In ancient societies, athletics and especially competitive contact games always have been rough, but aggression in the past was tempered by an insistence that playing hard, playing to win, did not countenance playing to cheat and to hurt. One of the very first nations that expressed athletic ideals, were the Greeks. As enunciated by Pindar, the athletic ideal incorporated courage and endurance with modesty, dignity, and fair-mindedness, those elusive qualities the Greeks called Aidos. As sports became more specialized, the general populace increasingly withdrew into spectatorship. Sports history reveals that although Greek sports had increasingly marred by corruption and bribes, nonetheless they flourished in an era which witnessed the rapid expansion of stadiums and arenas under the Roman Empire. During the Roman Empire, violence in sports became the generally accepted principle and spectators not only endorsed it, but also embraced it as a social norm. In recent years sports violence has become to be perceived as a social problem. Commissions have been appointed in Canada and England to investigate violence among hockey players and soccer fans. Numerous examples of violence in professional sports exist today, as countries like the United States, Canada, Greece, Italy and Germany, report court cases have been heard which concern the victims of violence perpetrators. Newspapers, magazines and television programs portray bloodied athletes and riotous fans at hockey, boxing, football, soccer, baseball, and basketball games with what appears to be increasing regularity. But are sports violence incidents actually increasing, and if so, what is the reason of such a negative increase? Or does the heightened public attention and media focus on sports violence reflect not an increase in the incidence or severity of aggression, but greater public concern with moral issues and political discourse? Contrary to popular belief, there appears to be growing dissatisfaction with sports violence. Changes in sports rules, developments in the design of equipment, and even the physical characteristics of modern sports arenas evolved in an effort to reduce violence or its consequences. But still, among athletic management teams, government officials, fans and athletes themselves, there is an ambivalence attitude towards sports violence. The ambivalence takes the form of justifying the existence of violence in sports, but not taking personal responsibility for it. Coaches and managers tend to blame fans, saying that violence is what attracts people into stadiums, as the risk entailed makes the game more "interesting". Athletes frequently admit that they are opposed to violence, but it is expected of them by coaches. Fans justify it by attributing aggressiveness to athletes and to situational aspects of the game. Spectators view violence as an inherent part of some sports as one cannot play games like hockey or football, without accepting the necessity of violent action. Nevertheless, public opinion tends to focus more and more on sports violence as major advances in the technologies used have increased media coverage making information available to a vast global audience. Thus, contemporary critics tend to consider sports violence as a worldwide phenomenon with highly disturbing future course and social outcomes. (Jonathon Hardcastle, www.enzinearticles.com)
    Bacalaureat 2010 Proba de evaluare a competenei lingvistice Limba englez

    1. In ancient societies A athletics and competitive contact games were rough. B football and contact games were rough. C only competitive contact games were rough. D no game was rough. 2. During the Roman Empire, spectators A tried to tolerate violence in sports. B detested any type of violence in sports. C regarded violence in sports as a social norm. D did not support violence in sports. 3. Sports violence has started to be regarded as a social problem A lately. B since the 70s. C these days. D since the beginning of the 20th century. 4. Canada and England A are able to explain violence among hockey players. B are trying to discover the cause of violence among hockey players. C show no concern about sports violence. D are in favour of sports violence. 5. Regarding sports violence there seems to be a feeling of A appreciation. B dissatisfaction. C indifference. D support. 6. In order to reduce violence A only sports rules have been changed. B mass media coverage has been banned. C sports rules and equipment design have been modified. D sport rules, equipment design and sports arenas have been adjusted. 7. Government officials, fans and athletes A have the same attitude towards sports violence. B are ambivalent towards sports violence. C take personal responsibility for sports violence. D try not to justify sports violence.

    8. Risk makes the game more interesting according to A coaches. B fans. C athletes. D government officials. 9. The tendency of the public opinion towards sports violence is A to show less interest. B to be more concentrated on it. C to show disapproval. D to accept it. 10. Critics regard sports violence as A an international reality. B a local reality. C a regional reality. D a national reality.

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