SEPARATION OF REAL & IMAGINARY PARTS

Total number of Questions in Separation of real & imaginary parts

is :
(i) In chapter Examples.......................................................................... 25
(iii) Solved Examples..............................................................................28
Total no. of questions................................................................................53
 1. INTRODUCTION 1 3 i 1 3
= = + i
1 i 2 2
The separation of a complex quantity into real
and imaginary parts, means to express the given  Real part = 1/2, Imaginary part = 3/2
complex quantity in the form of u + iv, where u Ans.
is called the real part and v is called the
imaginary part. On the basis of nature of 5i 3
Ex.2 Write A+ iB form of
functions, to separate the complex expressions 4  2i 3
into real and imaginary parts, we may divide
complex expressions into f ollowing six 5i 3 5i 3 4  2i 3
Sol.  = x
categories- 4  2i 3 4  2i 3 4  2i 3
(i) Algebraic expressions
20  6  4 3 i  10 3 i
(ii) Trigonometrical and hyperbolic expressions =
16  12
(iii) Expressions of Inverse functions
(iv) Expressions of logarithmic functions 5i 3 1 3
or = + i Ans.
(v) Expressions of exponential functions 4  2i 3 2 2
(vi) Expressions of the form (function) function

2. SEPARATION OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS b1  igbi  2g

If the given expression is the ratio of two complex
Ex.3 Find the real part of
b2 i  3g . 2

quantities, then first we multiply the numerator

and denominator by the complex conjugate of 3  i 3  i 5  12 i
Sol. Exp. = = x
denominator to change denominator into real 5  12 i 5  12 i 5  12 i
expression.
If the given expression is of the form (x + iy)n, 27  31i

then for its separation into real and imaginary 169
parts, we make the following substitutions in it :  Real part = – 27/169. Ans.
x = r cos  , y = r sin 
5
Hence Ex.4 What is real part of e3  ij .
(x+ iy)n = rn ( cos  + i sin  )n
Sol. First Method :
= rn (cos n  + i sin n  )
= (x 2 + y 2 ) n/2 cos [n tan –1 (y/x)] + i L2 F
G 
cos  i sin JP
 IO
5

j M
5
 e
(x2 + y2)n/2 sin [ n tan–1 (y/x)]
Many times for the separation into real and
NH 6
3 i =
6K Q
imaginary parts of (x + iy)n, it is expanded with
= 32 M
Lcos 5   i sin 5 O
6 P
the help of binomial theorem.
N6 Q
Note :
If the value of n is less then use binomial theorem L 3 1 O
= 32 M2  2 iP
and when n is more then use De- moivre’s
theorem.
M
N P
Q
5
 Real part of e3  ij = – 16 3
Examples
based on Separation of algebraic function

Second Method : By Binomial Theorem, we have

2i
Ex.1 Find real and imaginary parts of . 5 5 4 3
1 i
e3  ij = e3 j + 5C
1 e3 j i + 5C
2 e3 j
2i bg
( 2  i) 1  i
Sol.
1 i bg
= (1  i) 1  i
big+
2 5C
3
2
e3 j big+ 5C4 e3 j big+ big
3 4 5
 5 3
 real part = e3 j – 5C2 e3 j + 5C4 e3 j =
2i sin y cosh x  i cos y sinh x
cos 2ix  cos 2 y
= 9 3 – 10 x 3 3+ 5 x 3 2 sinh x cos y 2 cosh x sin y
= – i
= – 16 3 Ans. cosh 2x  cos 2y cosh 2x  cos 2y

3. SEPARATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC AND 2 sinh x cos y

Real part =
cosh 2x  cos 2y
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS
If the given expressions involve trigonometric or 2 cosh x sin y
Imaginary part = –
Hyperbolic function, then we use the formulae of cosh 2x  cos 2y
sin (x + iy), cos (x + iy) etc. which are given in Ans.
the last chapter. For hyperbolic functions, we
should f irst express them in the f orm of
Ex.8 If tanh ( x+ iy) = p + iq then find p/q.
trigonometrical functions.
sinh( x  iy )
Examples Separation of Trigonometric & Sol.  tanh ( x+ iy) = cosh x  iy b g
based on Hyperbolic functions
sinh( x  iy) 2 cosh( x  iy )
Ex.5 Find real and imaginary parts of sin (x + iy). b g
= cosh x  iy 2 cosh( x  iy )
Sol. sin (x + iy)= sin x cos (iy) + cos x sin (iy)
= (sin x cosh y) + i (cos x sinh y) sinh 2x  sinh (2 iy)
=
 Real part = sin x cosh y cosh 2x  cosh(2 iy)
Imaginary part = cos x sinh y
Ans. sinh 2x  i sin 2y
or tanh (x + iy) =
cosh 2 x  cos 2y
Ex.6 Find real and imaginary parts of sec ( x+ iy). or tanh (x + iy)

Sol. sec (x + iy) =

1
×
b g
2 cos x  iy sinh 2x sin 2y
b g
cos x  i y b g
2 cos x  i y
=
cosh 2x  cos 2y
+ i.
cosh 2x  cos 2y

2 cos x cosh y  2i sin x sinh y sinh 2x

=  p /q = Ans.
cos 2x  cosh 2y sin 2y

2 cos x cosh y 2 sin x sinh y

= + i
cos 2x  cosh 2y cos 2x  cosh 2y 4. SEPARATION OF INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC
2 cos x cosh y & INVERSE HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS
 Real part = cos 2x  cosh 2y and
b g b g
If sin   i = x + iy then   i , is called the
2 sin x sinh y inverse sine of ( x + iy). We can write it as -
Imaginary part =
cos 2x  cosh 2y sin–1 ( x+ iy) =   i
Ans.
Here the following results for inverse functions
may be easily established.
Ex.7 Find real and imaginary parts of cosech
(x + iy). 1 F 2x I
1 1
(i) tan–1 ( x+ iy)=
2
tan–1 G
H1  x  y JK
2 2
Sol. cosech (x+ iy) = =–
sinh( x  iy ) i sin(ix  y )
F 2y I
1 sin( y  ix) + tanh –1G
H1  x  y JK
2 2
= x
i sin( y  ix) sin( y  ix)
 or
L
M F5 7 i 9 IO
P L 9 9 O
F 2x I L
x b1  y gO
sin G 
M
1
J
KP M  1 P
N H
2 Sol.
Q M
= – log
P
2
1
G i M P 16 16 N16 16 Q
=
2
tan–1
H1  x  y JK+
2 2
4
log M
N b gP
x 2
 1  y Q 2
= – log (2) Ans.

(ii) sin–1 (cos  + i sin  ) Ex.11 Find real and imaginary parts of cos –1
= cos–1 esin  j + i sinh–1 esin j F3  iI
or G
H2 2 JK.
= cos–1 esin j + i log esin   1  sin  j Sol.  Expression cos–1 ( cos  + i sin  )
(iii) cos–1 ( cos  + i sin  )
= sin–1 ( sin  )  i sinh 1( sin  )
= sin–1 sin – i log esin  1  sin j
or 
where  =
= sin–1 esin j - i log esin   1  sin  j 6

F3  i I
(iv) tan–1 b
cos   i sin  = g
  cos–1 G
H2 2 JK= sin –1
1/ 2
4

i F1  sin  IJ, bcos g> 0

log G
– i log e1 / 2  1 1/ 2 j
+
4 H1  sin  K
and F1  3 I
b
tan–1 cos   i sin  g =

4
– i log G
H 2 JK
F  IJ+
= G
i F1  sin  IJ, bcos g< 0
log G
F3  1I
H4 K 4 H1  sin  K =

4
+ i log G
H 2 JK
since each inverse hyperbolic function can be
expressed in terms of logarithmic function, F3  1I
therefore for separation into real and imaginary Real part =

4
, Imaginary part = log G
H 2 JK
parts of inverse hyperbolic function of complex
quantities use the method explained in Article (5). Ans.
Note :
Ex.12 Find real part of cosh–1 (1) .
Both inverse circular and inverse hyperbolic
functions are many valued.  2 
Sol. We know that cosh–1 x = log  x  x  1 
 
Inverse Trigonometric & Inverse  2 
Examples
 cosh–1 (1) = log 1  1  1
based on Hyperbolic functions  
= log 1 = 0 Ans.
Ex.9 Find real part of tan–1 (1 + i) 5. SEPARATION OF LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS
1 2 (1) 1
Sol. Real part = tan–1 =  tan–1 (2) If   i = e x + iy, then ( x + iy) is called the
2 1 1 1 2
Ans. logarithm of (   i )

F5 7  9 iI 5.1 Principal value of log z

Ex.10 Find Imaginary part of sin–1 G
H 16 JK If z = x + iy = r ( cos  + i sin  ) = rei  , where
 is the principal value of the argument of
 z, then the principal value of log z is given by
F
G1 I
H3 JK
log z = log r + i 
 log z = log | z| + i amp.(z) ...(1)
If |z| and amp.(z) are not directly known then 
putting z = x + iy, we get = log 2 + i Ans.
6
1 Ex.14 Write the A + iB form of logia.
log (x + iy) = log (x2 + y2)
2
+ i tan–1 (y/x) ...(2) log a log a
Sol. logia= =
log i i /2
5.2 General value of log z
F
G1I
Hi JKlog a
2
Considering the general value of the amplitude of =
z, we shall get the general value of log z, which 
is denoted by Log z is given by -
F
G 2 I
Log z = log r + i ( 2n  +  ), n = 0, 1,2... =
H  log aJKi Ans.
 Log z = log | z| + i (2n  + amp z) ...(3)
 Log z = log z + (2 n  ) i Ex.15 Find the imaginary part of Log (1+ i)
Again if z = x + iy , then Sol. We know that
Log ( x+ iy) = 2n  i + log (x+ iy) ; when n Z Log (1 + i) = 2n  i + log ( 1+ i)
1 F
G1 I
H2 log 2  i 4 JK
Log ( x+ iy) = log (x2 + y2)
2 = 2n  i +
+ i [2n  + tan–1 (y/x)] ...(4)
F
G1 I
H2 log 2JK+ b8n  1g4

Note : = i
(i) log ( z ) = log |z| – i amp. (z) 
So imaginary part of Log (1+ i) = (8n+1)
4
b g
= log z
Ans.
(ii) log (–z) = log |z| + i (  + amp z) Ex.16 Find the imaginary part of log (–12)
(  | –z| = |z| and amp ( – z ) =  + amp.z) Sol.  log (–x) = log x +  i
(iii) log (–z) = log z +  i Now putting x = 12
(iv) log (–x) = log x +  i log (–12) = log 12 +  i
(where x is a positive real number)  Imaginary part =  Ans.
(v) from (3) & (4) , the principal value of log z can
be obtained by putting n = 0
(vi) In all the above formulas the base of logarithm 6. SEPARATION OF EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
is e only.
(i) From Euler formula
ei  = cos  + i sin 
Examples
based on Separation of Logarithmic functions (ii) ex+iy = ex . eiy = ex ( cos y + i sin y)
 Real part = ex cos y
Ex.13 Find the value of log ( 3 + i).
and Imaginary part = ex sin y
1 Again, modulus of ex+ iy = ex
Sol.  log ( x+ iy) = log (x 2 + y2) + i tan–1
2 and amplitude of ex+iy = y
(y/x) (iii) If a  R, then
1 ax+ iy = ax. aiy = ax. eiy log a
 log e3  ij = 2
log (3+ 1) + i tan–1  ax+ iy= ax [cos (y log a) + i sin (y log a)]
 Examples
based on Separation of Exponential functions Examples Separation of expressions of the
based on form (function)function
Ex.17 Evaluate e2n  i.
Sol. e2n  i= cos ( 2n  ) + i sin (2n  ) Ex.23 Find the real and imaginary parts of i i.
= 1 (n = 0,1,2,.....) Ans. Sol.  i i = e i log i
= ei (i  /2) = e–  /2
Ex.18 Evaluate 22+i
 i i = e–  /2 + 0.iReal part = e –  /2 ;
Sol. 22+i = 4.2i Imaginary part = 0 Ans.
= 4. ei log 2 Ex.24 Find two parts of i(1+i).
= 4[ cos(log2) + i sin (log2) ] Ans. Sol. i(1+ i) = e(1+ i) Log i
= e(1+ i) [i (2n + /2)]
Ex.19 Evaluate e3–5 i = e–(2n + /2) + i ( 2n + /2)
Sol. We know that = e– (2n+ /2). ei (2n+ /2)
ex+ iy = ex (cos y + i sin y) = e–(2n + /2). {cos (2n + /2)
 e3–5 i = e3 (cos 5 – i sin 5) Ans. + i sin (2n+ /2)}
Ex.20 Find real and imaginary part of ai. Real part = e–(2n +/2).cos (2n + /2);
Sol.  ai = ei log a Imaginary part = e–(2n +/2). sin (2n+ /2)
= cos ( log a) + i sin ( log a) Ans.
Real part = cos ( log a) , Imaginary part =
sin ( log a) Ans. Ex.25 Find two parts of ( 3+ 4i)i
Sol.  (3+ 4i)i = ei Log ( 3+4 i)
Ex.21 Find modulus and amplitude of 42+3i. 1
= ei[ 2ni  log 5  i tan ( 4 / 3)]
Sol.  42+3i
= 42. 43i
= 16.ei ( log 64) = e 2n  tan
1
(4 / 3 )
.ei log 5
 | 42+ 3i | = 16 and amp. (42+3i) = log 64 1
Ans. = e 2n  tan ( 4/ 3)
[ cos ( log 5) + i sin (log 5)]
1
Ex.22 Find the amplitude of ee
 i
. Real part = e 2n  tan ( 4/ 3)
cos ( log 5) ;
1
Sol.  i
= ecos  i sin  Imaginary part = e 2n  tan (4 / 3 )
sin (log 5)
ee
= ecos. e– i sin W hose modulus =
1
e 2n  tan ( 4 / 3 ) and
= ecos. [ cos (– sin ) + i sin (– sin )] amplitude = log (5) Ans.
 i
e
 amplitude of e = – sin Ans.

7. SEPARATION OF EXPRESSIONS OF THE FORM

(FUNCTION)function

To find two parts of (  + i  ) x+ iy , first we

change its base to e and reduce it to the form
ep+iq, Thus
( + i) x+ iy = e(x+iy) Log (  + i)

L
M1 F IO
log(  2   2 )  2ni i tan 1 GJP
= e ( x  iy ) N
2 H KQ= ep + iq
Where p = x/2 log ( + 2)
2

– y (2n  + tan–1 /) &

q = y/2 log (2 + 2) + x [2n  + tan–1 (/)]
 SOLVED EXAMPLES
(2  3i)2 Ex.5 The real and imaginary parts of 2 sin(  + i  )
Ex.1 The real part of is -
2  3i cos (  – i  ) are respectively-
46 9 46 9 (A) sinh 2  , sinh 2 
(A) (B) (C) – (D)–
13 13 13 13
(B) sinh 2  , sin 
4  9  12 i
Sol. The given expression = (C) cos 2  , cosh 2 
2  3i
(D) sin 2  , sinh 2 
F5  12i IJ x
– G
2  3i
= H2  3i K 2  3i
Sol. Expression
= 2 sin ( + i) cos ( – i)

 Real part =
b
 10  36 g= – 46 = [ sin { (  + i  )+ (  – i  )}
49 13
+ sin {(  + i  ) – (  – i  )} ]
Ans.[C]
[  2 sin a cos b = sin (a + b) + sin (a – b)]
= sin 2 + sin (2 i)
b g
5 5i = sin 2 + i sinh (2i) Ans.[D]
Ex.2 If
b2  igb1  ig= a + ib, then -
Ex.6 The real part of sinh2 (x – iy) is-
(A) a = 7, b = – 4 (B) a = – 7, b = 4
(A) cosh 2x cos 2y – 1
(C) a = 7, b = 4 (D) a = – 7, b = – 4
(B) sinh 2x sin 2y – 1
b g 5 b5  ig 5 b5  ig 3  i
5 5i
(C)
1
(cosh 2x cos 2y – 1)
Sol.
b2  igb1  ig= 3  i = 3  i x 3  i 2
1
(D) (sinh 2x sin 2y – 1)
5b
14  8ig 2
= = 7 + 4i Sol. sinh2 (x – iy) = [– i sin (ix + y)]2
10
= – sin2 ( ix + y)
 a = 7 and b = 4
Ans.[C] cos 2 (ix  y)  1
=
2
Ex.3 If cos ( x+ iy) = A + iB then A is equal to- 1
= [cosh 2x cos 2y – i sinh 2x sin y – 1]
(A) cos x cosh y (B) cosh x cos y 2
(C) cos x sinh y (D) cosh x sin y 1
 Real part = (cosh 2x cos 2y – 1)
Sol. cos (x + iy) = cos x cos (iy) – sin x sin (iy) 2
= cos x cosh y – i sin x sinh y Ans.[C]
 R {cos (x+ iy)} = cos x cosh y
Ans.[A] Ex.7 If tan (  i) = i, then  is-
(A) finite (B) infinite
Ex.4 Real part of cosh (u + iv) is - (C) indeterminate (D) zero
(A) sinh u sin v (B) cosh u cos v Sol. tan (  i) = i  tan (  i) = – i
(C) cosh u sin v (D) sinh u cos v
Sol.  tan 2  = tan { (  i) + (  i) }
 cosh ( u + iv)
= cosh u cosh iv + sinh u sinh iv tan(  i)  tan(  i)
= cosh u cos v + i sinh u sin v =
1  tan(  i) tan(  i)
 Real part = cosh u cos v
Ans.[B] 0
= ( indeterminate)Ans.[C]
0
Ex.8 If cos b  ig=  bcos   i sin  g then Ex.11 If tan–1 (  i) = x + iy, then tan 2x is equal
value of tan  is- to-

2 2
 tanh  tan  (A) (B)
(A) tanh  tan  (B)  1  2  2 1  2  2

(C) – cot  coth  (D)– tan  tanh  2 2

(C) 2 2 (D)
1    1  2  2
Sol. b g b
cos   i =  cos   i sin  g
Sol. Writing real part of tan–1 (  i) , we have
= cos  cos ( i ) – sin  sin ( i )
1 2
= (  cos  ) + i (  sin  ) x = tan–1
2 1   2  2
 bcos  coshg– i bsin sinhg
2
=  cos  + i  sin   tan 2x = 1   2   2 Ans.[B]
 cos  sinh  =  cos  ...(1)

– sin  sinh  =  sin  ...(2) Ex.12 The imaginary part of log ( 1+ ei  ) is-
Dividing Eqn.(2) by (1) (A)  (B) –  (C)  /2 (D) –  /2
tan  = ( – tan  tanh  ) Ans.[D] Sol. log ( 1+ ei  ) = log ( 1+ cos  + i sin  )

F
G sin  I
Ex.9 If cosh (u + iv ) = x+ iy, then  Imaginary part = tan–1 H1 cos  JK
x2 y2 = tan–1 (tan /2)
2 + 2 equals-
cosh u sinh u = /2 Ans.[C]
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) i (D) – i
Sol. x + iy Ex.13 If x + iy = log log i, then (x, y) is-
= cosh u cosh iv + sinh u sinh iv (A) (log (  /2),  /2) (B) (log (  /2), –  /2)
= cosh u cos v + i sinh u sin v (C) (log  ,  ) (D) (log  , –  )
On comparing real and imaginary parts, we Sol. log log i
get
R
S1 F1IU
log1  i tan GJV 1

cosh u cos v = x  cos v =

x = log
T
2 H0 KW
cosh u
= log (  i/2)

sinh u sin v = y  sin v =

y F I 2
F / 2I
sinh u =
1
2
log G
H4 K J + i tan G
H0 JK –1

Now squaring and adding, the value of

required expression will be 1. Ans.[A] F
GI
H2 JK+ i 2

= log

Ex.10 If cosec–1 (A) = x+ iy then y is equal to- = ( log (  /2),  /2) Ans.[A]
(A) sinh–1 (cosec x) (B) cosh–1 (sin x)
(C) 0 (D) 1 i
Ex.14 The real part of ee is-
Sol. cosec–1 (1) = x + iy
(A) esin cos (sin )
or sin–1 (1) = x + iy
(B) esin cos (cos )
 (C) esinsin (cos )
or = x + iy  y = 0
2 (D) esinsin (sin )
Ans.[C]
 ee
i
Ex.19 If iii............ = A + iB, then A2 + B2 is equal to-
Sol. = ecos   i sin 
sin
= e [ cos ( sin  ) + i cos (sin  ) (A) e  B (B) e–  B/2
cos 
(C) e  B/2 (D) e–  /B
 Real part = e cos (sin  ) Ans.[A]
Sol. Given relation can be written as
Ex.15 The imaginary part of 3i is- iA+iB = A + iB
(A) cos (log 3) (B) 0  (A+ iB) log i = log ( A + iB)
(C) sin (log 3) (D) log 3
F
GI
Sol. 3i = ei log 3 = cos (log3) + i sin (log 3)
 Imaginary part = sin ( log 3)
 ( A+ iB) H2 iJK
Ans.[C]
1
= log (A2 + B2) + i tan–1 (B/A)
2
i  i
Ex.16 The value of ee – e e is- Equating real parts on both sides, we get
(A) 2ecos  sin (sin  )
B 1
(B) 2iecos  sin (sin  ) – = log (A2 + B2)
2 2
(C) iecos  cos (sin  )  A 2 + B2 = e –  B . Ans.[D]
(D) esin  cos ( sin  ) Ex.20 If sin–1 (A+ iB) = x + iy, then A/B equals-
Sol. Expression (A) tan x / tanh y (B) tanh x / tan y
= ecos  + isin  – ecos  – i sin  (C) cos x / cosh y (D) tanh x / tanh y
= ecos  [e i sin  – e–i sin  ] Sol. sin–1 (A+ iB) = x+ iy
= 2ie cos  sin ( sin  ) Ans.[B]  A + iB = sin (x + iy)
 A + iB = sinx cosh y + i cos x sinh y
Ex.17 The amplitude of a cos (x + iy) is- A sin x cosh y tan x
(A) sin x sinh y  = = Ans. [A]
B cos x sinh y tanh y
(B) – sin x sinh y
(C) sin x sinh y log a Ex.21 The real part of
(D) – sin x sinh y log a
Sol. acos (x + iy) = a cos x cosh y – i sin x sinh y bcos x  i sin xgbcos y  i sin yg
= acos x cosh y. e–i sin x sinh y log a bcot u  igb1  i tan vg is-
Hence amplitude of a cos (x + iy) (A) cos u sin v cos ( x+ y + u + v)
= – sin x sinh y log a Ans.[D] (B) cos u sin v cos ( x+y – u – v)
(C) sin u cos v cos ( x+ y – u – v)
Ex.18 The real part of the principal value of (D) sin u cos v cos ( x+ y + u + v)
(1+ i tan  )–i is-
(A) e  cos (log cos  ) Sol. Let given expression = z
(B) e  cos (log sin  ) sin u cos v [cos( x  y )  i sin( x  y )]
(C) e  sin (log cos  ) = b gb
cos u  i sin u cos v  i sin v g
(D) e  sin (log sin  )
Sol. (1 + i tan  )–i = e–i log ( 1+ i tan  ) ei( x y )
= sin u cos v.
=e–i [log sec  + i  ] eiu . eiv
=e  + i log cos  = sin u cos v ei(x+y–u–v)
 Real part = e  cos ( log cos  )  R(z) = sin u cos v cos (x + y – u – v)
Ans.[A] Ans.[C]
Ex.22 If cos–1 (p+iq) = u + iv, then the equation [  – i2 = 1 ]
with roots cos2 u and cosh2 v-  2
(A) x2 – x (p2 + q2 ) + p2 = 0 or z. i = – i2 + i   z = ( – i + )
2 
(B) x2 – x ( p2 + q2+1 ) + 1 = 0 Ans.[B]
(C) x2 + x ( p2 + q2 + 1 ) + 1 = 0
(D) x2 – x ( p2 + q2+1 ) + p2 = 0 e i
Ex.25 The imaginary part of is-
Sol.  cos (u + iv) = p + iq 1 ke i
 cos u cosh v – i sin u sinh v = p + iq
cos   k cos(   )
 p = cos u cosh v and q = – sin u sinh v (A)
1  2 k cos   k 2
and p2 + q2= cos2 u cosh2 v + sin2 u sinh2 v
= cos2 u cosh2 v + (1– cos2u ) (cosh2v – 1) cos   k cos(  )
(B)
 p2 + q2 + 1 = cos2 u + cosh2 v 1  2 k cos   k 2
Now equation with roots cos2 u and cosh2 v
is sin   k sin(   )
(C)
x2 – (cos2 u + cosh2 v) x + cos2 u cosh2 1  2 k cos   k 2
v =0
sin   k sin(  )
 x2 – x (p2 + q2 + 1) + p2 = 0 (D)
1  2 k cos   k 2
Ans.[D]
ei (1  ke i )
Ex.23 If –  <  <  , then the value of log Sol. Given expression =
(1  kei ) (1  ke i )
(1 + e2i  ) is-
(A) log  (B) – i  ei  kei(   )
=
(B) log  – i  1  k(ei  e i )  k 2
(C) log (2 cos  )+ i 
cos   k cos(  )  i sin   k sin(  )
(D) log ( 2 sin  ) + i  =
1  2 k cos   k 2
Sol. log (1+ e2i  )
= log (1+ cos 2  + i sin 2  ) sin   k sin(   )
 Imaginary part = 1  2 k cos   k 2
= log (2 cos2  + 2i sin  cos  )
= log (2 cos  ei  ) Ans.[D]

= log (2 cos  ) + i  Ans.[C] F

G ix I
Ex.26 The value of log tan H4  2 JK
Ex.24 If iz = e. ( cos  + i sin  ) and principal value (A) i tan–1 (sinh x) (B) – i tan–1 ( sinh x)
be considered then value of z is- (C) i tan–1 (cosh x) (D) None of these
 2 F
G  ix I
(A)
2
(  – ii) (B)

(  – i)
Sol. log tan H4  2 JK
(C) 2  (  –i) (D) None of these
Sol. iz = e. (cos  + i sin  ) R1  tan(ix / 2) U
= log S
e.ei  = e1+i  ...(1) T1  tan(ix / 2) V W
Again iz = ez log i =ez [log e  /2i} = e
z
i R Fx IU– log R Fx IU
2 = log S1  i tanh GJV
H2 KW T S
1  i tanh GJV
H2 KW
...(2) T
From (1) and (2)
R Fx IU
z Now z = log S 1  i tanh GJV
H2 KW
e
2
i =e1+ i  = e i2 i T
 Ex.28 If log cos (x + iy) = u + iv, then 2u is equal
1 R x F IJU Rtanh F x IU
S HKW T 2 JKV
G +i tan S
V G
= log 1  tanh 2 –1 to-
2 T 2 H W (A) log (cosh 2x + cos 2y) – log 2

 log tan G
F  ix IJ= z – z = 2i Im(z) (B) log (cos 2x + cosh 2y) – log 2
H4 2 K (C) log (cosh 2x + cos 2y)
(D) log (cos 2x + cosh 2y)
R
Stanh GJV
Fx IU Sol.  cos (x + iy) = cos x cosh y – i sin x sinhy
T H2 KW
= 2i tan –1
 u = real part of log cos (x + iy)

R
|S2 tanh (x / 2) U
–1
|V =
1
2
log (cos2 x cosh2 y + sin2 x sinh2 y)
= i tan
|T1  tanh bx / 2g|W 2
 2u
= i tan–1 ( sinh x) Ans.[A] L
1  cos 2 x cosh 2y  1 1  cos 2 x cosh 2 y  1O
= log M
N 2 2

2 2 P
Q
Ex.27 The real part of cosh log (x+ iy) + cosh log
(x– iy) is- F
cos 2 x  cosh 2y I
G JK
= log H 2
(A)
e
x 1  x2  y 2 j (B)
e
x 1  x2  y 2 j = log (cos 2x + cosh 2y) – log 2
2 2 2 2
x y x y Ans.[B]

(C)
e
x 1  x2  y 2 j (D)
e
x 1  x2  y 2 j
2 2 2 2
x y x y
Sol. Let z = cosh log ( x+ iy) , then

elog( x  iy )  e  log( x  iy )
z =
2

=
L
M 1 x  iy  1 O
P
N 2 Q
x  iy

1 L x  iy O
= M
2 N
x  iy 
x y Q
P 2 2

1 F x I
 R(z) = G x J
2 H x y K
2 2

x
But exp. = z + z = 2R (z) = x +
x  y2
2

x (1  x2  y 2 )
= Ans.[C]
x2  y 2