CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY

Total No. of questions in Continuity and Differentiability are-

In Chapter Examples 14
Solved Examples 17

Total No. of questions................................................ 31

 1. INTRODUCTION
The word 'Continuous' means without any break
or gap. If the graph of a function has no break
or gap or jump, then it is said to be continuous.
A function which is not continuous is called a
discontinuous function.
In other words,
If there is slight (finite) change in the value of a
function by slightly changing the value of x then
function is continuous, otherwise discontinuous,
while studying graphs of functions, we see that
graphs of functions sin x, x, cos x, ex etc. are
continuous but greatest integer function [x] has (Discontinuous)
break at every integral point, so it is not continu-
ous. Similarly tan x, cot x, secx, 1/x etc. are
For examining continuity of a function at a point,
also discontinuous function.
we find its limit and value at that point, If these
two exist and are equal, then function is continu-
ous at that point.

Ex. 2. CONTINUITY OF A FUNCTION AT A POINT

A function f(x) is said to be continuous at a point
x = a if
(i) f (a) exists
Lim
(ii) x  a f(x) exists and finite

Lim Lim
so x  a  f(x) = x  a  f(x)

Lim
(iii) x  a f(x) = f(a) .
or function f(x) is continuous at x = a.
Lim Lim
If x  a  f(x) = x  a  f(x) = f(a).
(Continuous function)
i.e. If right hand limit at 'a' = left hand limit
at 'a'= value of the function at 'a'.
Lim Lim
Y If x  a f(x) does not exist or x  a f(x)  f(a),
then f(x) is said to be discontinuous at x= a.

Continuity of a function at a point

Ex.1 Examine the continuity of the function

X
R
| x 92

O f (x) = S , when x  3
|T6, when x  3 at x = 3.
x3
f(x)= 1/x
Sol. f (3) = 6 ( given)
Lim Limbx  3gbx  3g= 6
(Discontinuous at x = 0)
x 3 f(x) = x 3 bx  3g
Lim
 x  3 f(x) = f(3)
 f (x) is continuous at x = 3.
 Thus a function f(x) is continuous at a point
R
|Slog (1  2ax)x log b1  bxgx  0 x = a if it is left continuous as well as right
continuous at x = a.
Ex.2 If f(x) =
|Tk , x 0

If function is continuous at x = 0 then the Continuity From Left and Right

value of k is –
(A) a + b (B) 2a +b Ex.4 Examine the continuity of the function
(C) a – b (D) 0 |R
S
2
x  1, when x  2
f(x) =
|2x, when x  2
T
F
G1  2ax I
H1  bx JK
log at the point x = 2.
Lim
Sol. x  0 Sol. f(2) = 22 + 1 = 5
x
f(2– 0) = h  0
Lim
b2  hg 1 = 5
2

F 1  bx I b 1  bxgb2agb  1  2axg
bbg
=x 0 G
H1  2 ax JK.
Lim
b1  bxg 2 Lim
 f (2+ 0) = h  0 2( 2+ h) = 4

Lim
2a  b b2a  bg f(2– 0)  f(2+ 0)  f(2)
 x 0 b 1  bxg b g b1gbg
1  2 ax = 1 = 2a + b
 f(x) is not continuous at x = 2.

Ans.[B] Ex.5 Check the continuity of the function

R
|S1  cos 4x
,x  0
R
|Sx5 2 x3
x 2 x3
Ex.3 If f(x) =
|Ta, x0
is continuous then f(x) =
|T8  x x3
at x = 3.

the value of a is equal to –

Sol. f (3) = 5
(A) 0 (B) 1
Lim
(C) 4 (D) 8 Left hand limit x  3  (3+h) + 2
Sol. Since the given function is continuous at x= 0
Lim
Lim 1  cos 4 x h  0 5+ h = 5
x 0 = a
x2 Lim
Right hand limit x  3  8–(3–h)
Lim 2 sin2 2x 4
x 0 x = a
x2 4 Lim
h  0 5+ h = 5 = LHL

F
sin 2x I
G
2  f(3) = RHL = LHL
H2x JKx 4 = a
Lim
x 0 2  function is continuous.

 2 x 1 x 4 = a R |x  1|
|| 1  x  a x  1
 8 = a Ans.[4]
Ex.6 If f(x) =
S ab x1
|| | x  1|  b x 1 is continuous at
3. CONTINUITY FROM LEFT AND RIGHT
Function f(x) is said to be
T1  x
x = 1 then the value of a & b are respectively-
(i) Left continuous at x= a if
(A) 1,1 (B) 1,–1
Lim
x  a  0 f(x) = f(a) (C) 2,3 (D) None of these
(ii) right continuous at x = a if Sol. f(1) = a+ b

Lim | 1 h  1 |
x  a  0 f(x) = f(a) f(1+h) = 1  1  h  a  1  a
b g
 Sol.  f(x) is continuous in an interval [0,  ]
 given function is continuous
 f(1) = f (1+h) So it is also continuous at x =  / 4 ,x=  / 2 .
= a+b = – 1+a  b= –1 Lim
f(x) = Lim
f(x)

x   / 4 x   / 4
| 1 h  1 | h
b g
Now f(1-h) = 1  1  h + b =
h
 b = 1+ b   / 4 + a =  / 2+ b ...(1)
Lim Lim
 a+ b = 1+ b  a= 1 Ans.[B] and f(x) = . f(x)
x   / 2 x   / 2
 0+b = –a– b ...(2)
Ex.7 Function f(x) = [x] is a greatest integer func-
tion which is right continuous at x = 1 but Solving (1) and (2)  a =  / 6 , b = –  / 12 .
not left continuous.
Sol.  f (1) = [1] = 1 5. CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
[1+0] = 1 and [1-0] =0
A function is said to be continuous function if it
Lim
is continuous at every point in its domain. Fol-
 x  1 f(x) = f(1) = 1, lowing are examples of some continuous func-
Lim
tion.
and x  1 f(x) = 0  f(1)
(i) f (x) = x (Identity function)
so function f(x) = [x] is right continuous but (ii) f(x) = C (Constant function)
not left continuous. 2
(iii) f(x) = x
4. CONTINUITY OF A FUNCTION IN AN INTERVAL (iv) f(x) = a 0xn + a1x n-1+ ....+ an
(Polynomial).
(a) A function f(x) is said to be continuous in an
open interval (a,b) if it is continuous at every (v) f(x) = |x|, x+ |x|, x-|x|, x|x|
point in (a, b). (vi) f(x) = sin x, f(x) = cos x
For example function y = sin x, y = cos x , (vii) f(x) = ex, f(x) = ax, a> 0
y = ex are continuous in (– , ). (viii) f(x) = log x, f(x) = logax a> 0
(b) A function f(x) is said to be continuous in the (ix) f(x) = sinh x, cosh x, tanh x
closed interval [a, b] if it is- (x) f(x) = xm sin (1/x), m> 0
(i) Continuous at every point of the open f(x) = xm cos (1/x), m> 0
interval (a, b).
(ii) Right continuous at x = a. 6. DISCONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
(iii) Left continuous at x = b.
A function is said to be a discontinuous function
if it is discontinuous at at least one point in its
Question
continuity of a function in domain. Following are examples of some discon-
based on an interval tinuous function-
(i) f(x) = 1/x at x = 0
Ex.8 Check the continuity of the function
(ii) f(x) = e1/x at x = 0
f(x) =
R
S5 x  4, 0  x  1
(iii) f(x) = sin 1/x, f(x) = cos 1/x at x = 0
T4x  3x, 1  x  2 in an interval [0,2]
2
(iv) f(x) = [x] at every integer
Sol. The given function is continuous in the interval (v) f(x) = x– [x] at every integer
[0, 2] because it is right continuous at x = 0
(vi) f(x) = tan x, f(x) = sec x
and left continuous at x = 2 and is continuous
at every point of the interval (0, 2). when x =(2n+1)  / 2 , n  Z.
Ex.9 For what value of a and b the function (vii) f(x) = cot x, f(x) = cosec x when x = n  ,
R
|Sx2x cot
a 2 sin x, 0x/4 n Z.
x  b,  / 4  x   / 2 (viii) f(x) = coth x, f(x) = cosech x at x = 0.
f (x) = |Ta cos 2x  b sin x,  / 2  x   is

continuous in an interval [0,  ].

7. PROPERTIES OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTION 8.1 Differentiability in an interval
(a) A function f(x) is said to be differentiable in
The sum, difference, product, quotient (If Dr  0) an open interval (a,b), if it is differentiable at
and composite of two continuous functions are every point of the interval.
always continuous functions. Thus if f(x) and g(x)
are continuous functions then following are also (b) A function f(x) is differentiable in a closed
continuous functions: interval [a,b] if it is –
(a) f(x) + g(x) (i) Differentiable at every point of interval (a,b)
(b) f(x) – g(x) (ii) Right derivative exists at x = a
(c) f(x) . g(x) (iii) Left derivative exists at x = b.
(d)  f(x) , where  is a constant 8.2 Differentiable function & their properties
A function is said to be a differentiable function
(e) f(x) /g(x), if g(x)  0 if it is differentiable at every point of its domain.
(f) f [g(x)] (a) Example of some differentiable functions:–
For example - (i) Every polynomial function
(i) e2x + sin x is a continuous function be- (ii) Exponential function : ax, ex, e–x......
cause it is the sum of two continuous func-
tion e2x and sin x. (iii) logarithmic functions : log ax, logex ,......
(iv) Trigonometrical functions : sin x, cos x,
(ii) sin (x 2 +2) is a continuous function because
it is the composite of two continuous func- (v) Hyperbolic functions : sinhx, coshx,......
tions sin x and x2+2. (b) Examples of some non– diff erentiable
Note : functions:
The product of one continuous and one discon- (i) |x | at x = 0
tinuous function may or may not be continuous. (ii) x  |x| at x = 0
For example- (iii) [x], x  [x] at every n  Z
(i) f(x) = x is continuous and g(x) = cos 1/x is
F
G 1I
discontinuous whereas their product
x cos 1/x is continuous.
(iv) x sin HxJK, at x = 0
(ii) f(x) = C is continuous and g(x) = sin 1/x is F
G1I
discontinuous whereas their product (v) cos HxJK, at x = 0
C sin 1/x is discontinuous. (c) The sum, difference, product, quoteint
(Dr  0) and composite of two differentiable
DIFFERENTIABILITY functions is always a differentiable function.

8. DIFFERENTIABILITY OF A FUNCTION
Differentiability of function

A function f(x) is said to be differentiable at a Ex.10 The function f(x) = x 2 – 2x is differentiable

point of its domain if it has a finite derivative at at x = 2 because
that point. Thus f(x) is differentiable at x = a 2
Sol. lim f ( x)  f (2) = lim x  2x  0
 x2
f ( x)  f (a) x2
 xlim
a
exists finitely x2 x2
xa lim
 x = 2
lim f (a  h)  f (a) = lim f (a  h)  f (a)
 h0
x2

h h0 h Ex.11 Check the differentiability of the function

 f' (a – 0) = f'(a+ 0)
 left- hand derivative = Right-hand derivative.
R
|Sx5, 2, xx 33
f(x) = at x = 3.
Generally derivative of f(x) at x = a is denoted by
f ( x)  f (a)
|T8  x, x  3
f'(a) . So f' (a) = xlim a
Sol. For function to be differentiable
xa
Note : (i) Every differentiable function is necessarily f'(3+h) = f' (3–h)
continuous but every continuous function lim f (3  h)  f (3)
is not necessarily differentiable i.e. f' (3+h) = h0
h
Differentiability  continuity
but continuity  lim (3  h  2)  5 = lim h = 1
 differentiability  h0 h0 h
h
 Ex.13 Check the differentiability of the function
lim f (3  h)  f (3)
f' (3–h) = h0
h
8  (3  h)  5 h
R
|S11, sin x, x0
lim
= h0 = = – 1 f(x) = 0  x   / 2 at
h h |T2  bx   / 2g,  / 2  x  
2
 f' (3+ h)  f' (3–h)
x = /2
So function is not differentiable.
Ex.12 Check the differentiability of the function f (  / 2  h)  f (  / 2)
Sol. f' (  / 2 + h) =
R
Sx sin (1 / x), x  0
h
f(x) =
T0, x0
at x = 0
lim
= h0
b
2  / 2h  /2 g b1  sin  / 2g
2

Sol. For function to be differentiable h

2
f' (0+h) = f' (0–h) = lim 2  h  1  1 = lim h= 0
h0 h0
h
f' (0+h) =
f (0  h)  f (0 ) F
G IJ F
G IJ

h F
G  I H K HK
f h f

H JK
2 2
1 = f' h =
h sin  0 2
h F
G I
1
h
lim
 h0 h h 0HJK
 lim sin
h F I F1  sin  IJ
1  sin G hJ G
Which does not exist. = lim H2 K H 2 K
F 1IJ 0
( h)sin G
h0
h

f' (0–h) = lim

Hh K lim
= h0
1  cos h  2
=
h0 h h
lim cos h  1 = lim 1 cosh = 0
F
G 1I
Hh JK
lim sin  h0 h h0 h
= h0

Which does not exist.  function is differentiable at x =
2
So function is not differentiable at x = 0 Note : If a function f(x) is discontinuous at x = a
Here we can verify that then it is not differentiable at that point.
f (0+h) = f (0–h) = 0
R
|SsinF
1I
GJ, x  0
So function is continuous at x = 0.
Ex.14 Function f(x) = H
xK
|T0, x  0
is discontinuous at x = 0 , therefore it is not
differetiable at x = 0.
 SOLVED EXAMPLES
Sol. Obviously function f(x) is discontinuous at x = 0
R
| 1, when x  1 and x= 1 because the function is not defined,
Ex.1 Function f(x) = S  x, when  1  x  1 is con- when x< 0 and x> 1 , therefore f(0–0) and f(1+0)
|T1, when x  1 do not exist. Again
F 1 I Lim F I
H2 K H2  xJK= 1
G3
tinuous-
(A) Only at x = 1
fG  0J= x
1
2
(B) Only at x = – 1
F1 I Lim F I
H2 K G H2  xJK= 0
1
f G 0J=
(C) At both x = 1 and x = – 1
1
(D) Neither at x = 1 nor at x = – 1 x
2

F1  0IJ f F1 I
fG H2 K H2  0JK
G
Sol. f(–1–0) = –1, f(–1) = – (–1) = 1
 f( –1–0)  f(–1)
 f(x) is not continuous at x = –1
Further , f(1) = –1 1
f (1+0) = 1  f (1)  f(1+0)  function f(x) is discontinuous at x= .
2
 f(x) is not continuous at x = 1. Ans.[B]
Ans.[D]

Rx cos(1 / x),
k
x0
R
|
3 2
x  x  16 x  20
,x  2
Ex.2 If f(x) = S Ex.4 If f(x) = S bx  2g
2 is continu-
T0, x0 |Tk, x2
is continuous at x = 0, then- ous for all values of x, then the value of k is-
(A) k < 0 (B) k > 0 (A) 5 (B) 6
(C) k = 0 (D) k  0 (C) 7 (D) 8

Sol. Since f(x) is continuous at x = 0 Sol.  f(x) is continuous at x =2

lim  f(2–0) = f(2+0) = f(2) = k
 x  0 f(x) = f(0) But f(2+0)
but f(0)= 0 ( given)
lim lim Lim
b2  hg b2  hg 16 b2  hg 20
3 2

= h 0
 x  0 f(x) = x  0 xk cos (1/x) b2  h  2g 2

= 0, if k > 0. Ans.[B]
Lim h3  7h2
= h 0 =7 Ans. [C]
R 1
|| 2  x,0  x  2
1 h2

|| 01, x  10 R
| 1, x2
If the function f(x) = S
If f(x) = S ,
Ex.5 ax  b,2  x  4
Ex.3
|| 3 1 2
2
x
|T7, x4

||12,  x, 2  xx  11 is continuous at x= 2 and 4, then the values of

a and b are-
T (A) 3,5 (B) 3,–5
(C) 0,3 (D) 0,5
then wrong statement is-
(A) f(x) is discontinuous at x = 0 Sol. Since f(x) is continuous at x= 2
(B) f(x) is continuous at x = 1/2
Lim f(x)
(C) f(x) is discontinuous at x= 1  f(2) = x 2
(D) f(x) is continuous at x = 1/4
Lim (ax+ b)
1 = x
 2
 1= 2a + b ...(1)
 Again f(x) is continuous at x = 4, R
||13cos
3
sin x
, x /2
2
 Lim f(x)
f(4) = x 4 |Sa x
,x   / 2
Ex.8 If f(x) = | bb 1  sin xg is continuous at
 7 = Lim (ax+ b) || b  2xg , x   / 2
2
x4
T
 7 = 4a + b ...(2) x =  / 2 , then value of a and b are-
Solving (1) and (2) , we get a= 3, b = –5. (A) 1/2, 1/4 (B) 2,4
Ans.[B] (C) 1/2,4 (D) 1/4,2

F I F I
1  sin G hJ 3
R
S x, when x  Q Sol. f G

H2  0JK= h  0
Lim H2 K
Ex.6 If f(x) =
Tx, when x Q
, then f(x) is
F I
3 cos G hJ 2

continuous at- H2 K
(A) All rational numbers Lim
1  cos 3 h
= h 0
(B) Zero only 3 sin 2 h
(C) Zero and 1 only
(D) No where

Sol. Let us first examine continuity at x = 0.

Lim
= h 0
b1  cos hge1  cos h  cos hj 2

f (0) = 0 (  0  Q) 3b 1  cos hgb1  cos hg

= 1/2
Lim Lim
= f (0–0) = h  0 f( 0- h) = h  0 f(–h)
L1  sinF
bM G IO
 hJP
F I H2 K
H2  0JK= h  0 LN F IOQ

f G
Lim Lim
= h  0 { –h or h according as – h Q or –h Q)
2

N G
=0
M  2  hJP
Lim Lim
f( 0+0) = h  0 f(0+h) = h  0 f(h)
H2 KQ
Lim
bb1  cos hg
Lim
= h  0 { h or –h} = 0 = h 0 4h 2
f(0) = f(0–0) = f(0+0)
 f(x) is continuous at x= 0. Lim 2b sin2 h / 2 b
= h 0 2 =
Now let a  R, a  0, then 4h 8
Lim

f(a–0) = h  0 f( a–h) Now f(x) is continuous at x=
2
F
G I F  0IJ= f FI
H2  0JK= f G
H2 K G H2 JK
Lim
= h  0 {(a–h) or – (a–h) }  f
= a or –a, which is not unique.
 f(a–0) does not exist 1 b
 = =a
 f(x) is not continuous at a  R0. 2 8
Hence f(x) is continuous only at x = 0.  a = 1/2, b = 4
Ans.[B] Ans.[C]
Ex.7 f(x) = x –[x] is continuous at -
(A) x = 0 (B) x = –1 Ex.9 If the function
(C) x = 1 (D) x = 1/2 R 
||1  sin 2 x for    x  1
Sol. We know that [x] is discontinuous at every
f(x) = |
Sax  b for 1  x  3
integer. Therefore it is continuous only at x
x = 1/2, while the function x is continuous at all |T6 tan 12 for 3  x  6
points x= 0, –1, 1, 1/2. Thus the given function is continuous in the interval (–  , 6), then the
is continuous only at x = 1/2. value of a and b are respectively-
Ans.[D] (A) 0,2 (B) 1,1
(C) 2,0 (D) 2,1
Sol. Obviously the function f(x) is continuous at ( Where [x] = greatest integer  x) is continu-
Lim f(x) = f(1) ous at x = 0, then k is equal to-
x= 1 and 3. Therefore x1 (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D)Indeterminate
 a+ b = 2 ...(1) Sol. As given f(0–0) = f(0+0) = k
Lim f(x) = f(3)
and x 3
cos
bhg
Lim 2 h
Now f(0–0) = h  0
 3a + b = 6 ...(2) h
Solving (1) and (2) , we get a = 2, b = 0.
Fh I
Ans.[C]
= h 0
Lim
cos G
H2 b1gJK= – 1
R
|| 1 cos 4 x , x  0 1

|Sa, x2
x0 Lim
sin h
Lim sin 0
If f(x) = |
f (0+0) = h  0 h  1 = h  0 =0
Ex.10 0 1
|| x
,x  0
T16  x  4  f(0–0)  f(0+0), so k is indeterminate.
Ans.[D]
then at x= 0 -
(A) f(x) is continuous, when a = 0 R
|b1b|sin x|g,
a /|sin x|
,  / 6  x  0
If f(x) = S
(B) f(x) is continuous, when a= 8 x0
Ex.12
(C) f(x) is discontinuous for every value of a ||e tan 2 x / tan 3 x
(D) None of these T , 0 x /6
1  cos 4 x
Sol. f(0–0) = Lim is continuous at x= 0, then value of a,b are-
x0 x2 (A) 2/3, e2/3 (B) 1/3, e1/3
2 sin2 2x (C) 2/3, 1/3 (D) None of these
= =8
x2 Sol.
Lim
f (0–0) = h  0 (1+ | sin (–h)|)a/|sin (–h)|
f(0+0) =
Lim
= h  0 (1+ sinh)a/ sin h =ea
Lim
x 16  x  4
×
x0
e16  x 4 j 16  x  4 Lim tan 2h
lim F
f(0+0) = h  0 tan 3h = h
e e 0
tan 2h I
Gtan
H J
3h K

F16  I
= Lim
x0
x
H K= 8
x 4 =
e
lim 2 sec 2 2h
= e2/3
h0 3 sec2 3 h

16  x  16 Now f(x) is continuous at x = 0

 f(0+0) = f(0–0)
 f(0-0) = f(0+0) = f(0)
 f(x) can be continuous at x = 0, if
f (0) = a = 8.  ea = e2/3 =b
a = 2/3, b= e2/3
Ans.[B] 
Ans.[A]
Ex.13 f(x) = |x| is not differentiable at-
R
|| sinx x1, x  0 (A) x = –1 (B) x = 0
(C) x = 1 (D) None of these
|| cos x Sol. at x = 0:

Ex.11 If f(x) = S
| 2 x , x0 lim | 0  h |0 = –1
f'(0–0) = h0
||k x , x  0 h
| 0  h|0
|| lim
f'(0+ 0) = h0
h
=1

|T Now, since f' (0–0)  f'(0+0)

 f(x) is not differentiable at x= 0.
Ans.[B]
 R  f(1–0) = f(1+0) = f(1)
Ex.14 Function f(x) =
|Sxx,, if 0if xx 01 , is
2  f(x) is continuous at x = 1
|Tx  x  1 ,if x  1
3
lim f ( x)  f (1)
differentiable at - Again f' (1+ 0) = x 1 x 1
(A) x = 0 but not at x = 1
3x  3
(B) x = 1 but not at x = 0 = lim
x1
(C) x = 0 and x = 1 both x 1
1h
(D) neither x = 0 nor x = 1 lim 3  3
= h0
Sol. Differentiability at x = 0 h
f ( 0  h)  f ( 0 ) 3h  1
R [f'(0)] = Lim
h0
lim
= 3 h0
h h
2
( 0  h ) 0 = 3 log 3
= Lim
h0
= Lim
h0
h = 0
h
f (0  h)  f (0) and f'(1+ 0) lim f ( x)  f (1)
= x1
L [f'(0)] = Lim x 1
h0 h
4x3
 ( 0  h)  0 = lim = – 1
= Lim
h0
= – 1 x1 x 1
h
 f' (1+0)  f'(1–0)
 R [f' (0) ]  L [f'(0)]
 f(x) is not differentiable at x = 1.
 f(x) is not differentiable at x = 0
Ans.[A]
Differentiability at x = 1
f (1  h)  f (1) x
R [f'(1)] = Lim Ex.16 Function f(x) = is differentiable in
h0 h 1 | x|
the set-
= Lim
b1  hg b1  hg 1  1
h0
3
(A) (–  ,  ) (B) (–  ,0)
h (C) (–  ,0)  (0,  ) (D) (0,  )
2
2h  3 h  h3
= Lim = 2 x
h0
h Sol. When x < 0, f(x) =
1 x
L [f'(1)] = Lim
b g
f 1  h  f (1)
1
h0
h  f'(x) = ...(1)
(1  x)2
= Lim
b g
1 h  1
which exists finitely for all x< 0
h0 h
x
2h  h2 Also when x > 0, f(x) =
= Lim
h0
= 2 1 x
h 1
Thus R [f' (1) ] = L f'(1)]  f' (x) = ...(2)
(1  x)2
 function f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 which exists finitely for all x > 0. Also from
Ans.[B] (1) and (2) we have
R
Sf '(0  0 )  1

Ex.15
R
|3 ,  1  x  1
If f(x) = S
x
Tf '(0  0)  1  f'(0) = 1
|4  x, 1  x  4
T Hence f(x) is differentiable  x R
then at x = 1, f(x) is - Ans.[A]
(A) Continuous but not differentiable
(B) Neither continuous nor differentiable R
|Sx sin 1x , x  0 , then
2
Ex.17 If f(x) =
(C) Continuous and differentiable |T0, x  0
(D) Differentiable but not continuous (A) f and f' are continuous at x = 0
Sol. Since f(1–0) = lim 3x = 3 (B) f is derivable at x = 0
x1
(C) f and f' are derivable at x = 0
f(1+ 0) = lim
x1
(4–x) = 3 (D) f is derivable at x = 0 and f' is continuous
and f(1) = 31 = 3 at x = 0
Sol. When x  0

1 F
G I
H JK
1 1
f' (x) = 2x sin + x2 cos .  2
x x x

F
G1I
HxJK
1
= 2x sin – cos
x

which exists finitely for all x  0

2
lim f ( x)  f (0) = lim x sin 1 / x = 0
and f'(0) = x0
x0 x0
x
 f is also derivable at x = 0. Thus

R
|S2 x sin 1x  cos 1x , x  0
f' (x) =
|0,
T x0

F
G
lim f'(x) = lim 2 x sin
1 1 IJ
Also x0 x0 H x
 cos
x K
lim cos 1
=2– x0
x

lim cos 1 does not exist, so lim f'(x)

But x0
x x0

does not exist. Hence f' is not continuous

(so not derivable) at x = 0.
Ans.[B]