An outline is used to organize ideas and information in an essay according to main points and supporting details. It typically uses numbers and letters to structure the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction prepares the reader, the body supports the thesis with evidence, and the conclusion wraps up the arguments and restates the thesis. Outlines help writers avoid getting stuck by planning how points connect to support the central idea.
An outline is used to organize ideas and information in an essay according to main points and supporting details. It typically uses numbers and letters to structure the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction prepares the reader, the body supports the thesis with evidence, and the conclusion wraps up the arguments and restates the thesis. Outlines help writers avoid getting stuck by planning how points connect to support the central idea.
An outline is used to organize ideas and information in an essay according to main points and supporting details. It typically uses numbers and letters to structure the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction prepares the reader, the body supports the thesis with evidence, and the conclusion wraps up the arguments and restates the thesis. Outlines help writers avoid getting stuck by planning how points connect to support the central idea.
An outline is used to organize ideas and information in an essay according to main points and supporting details. It typically uses numbers and letters to structure the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction prepares the reader, the body supports the thesis with evidence, and the conclusion wraps up the arguments and restates the thesis. Outlines help writers avoid getting stuck by planning how points connect to support the central idea.
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Table of Contents
What I Know...................................................................................................................1 What’s In.........................................................................................................................2 What’s New.....................................................................................................................2-3 Assessment....................................................................................................................3 Summary.........................................................................................................................3 ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC & PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
What I Know 10/10
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What is called a formal system used to organize ideas in your paper? a. outline b. main idea c. supporting idea d. thesis statement 2. Which consists of short phrases dealing with different issues which could be arranged in a variety of ways in your paper?
D a. outline b. topic outline c. sentence outline d. thesis statement 3. Which consists full sentences that are normally used when your paper focuses on complex details? a. outline b. topic outline c. sentence outline d. thesis statement
A 4. Which of the following terms refer to a chief point that sums up the author’s primary message? a. sentence outline b. main idea c. supporting idea d. thesis statement
Y 5. Which guides us to a full understanding of the main idea? a. main idea b. supporting idea c. sentence outline d. thesis statement 6. Which of the following is not part of an outline? a. body b. comment c. conclusion d. introduction 7. Which of the following best describes the purpose of an outline? a. An outline is used to help you make predictions about content. b. An outline is used to organize information into chronological order. c. An outline is used to identify information that needs to be researched.
7 and d. An outline is used to arrange information according to main ideas, major details,
supporting details. For items number 8-10, refer to this outline:
Introduction Body I. Main Idea A. Supporting Idea 1. Sub- supporting Idea 2. Sub- supporting Idea B. Supporting Idea 1. Sub- supporting Idea 2. Sub- supporting Idea II. Main Idea A. Supporting Idea 1. Sub- supporting Idea 2. Sub- supporting Idea B. Supporting Idea 1. Sub- supporting Idea 2. Sub- supporting Idea Conclusion 8. Which is the attention grabber that makes the essay sound interesting? Page 1 a. body b. conclusion c. main idea d. introduction 9. Which includes the evidence and support of the paper in addition to the author’s ideas? a. body b. conclusion c. main idea d. introduction 10. Which wraps all the arguments and points of the author? a. body b. conclusion c. main idea d. introduction
LESSON 5 Outline Reading Texts in Various Disciplines
What’s In Directions: Read carefully each pair of thesis statements given below and choose which one is better. Write the letter only on the space before each item. 5/5 B. 1. A. I want to show how cardiology has changed in the last 20 years. B. The advances in cardiology over the last 20 years significantly impacted the field of medicine. B 2. A. Learning new skills can be difficult and frustrating. B. Learning to write takes work, patience, and determination. A. 3. A. People are living longer than ever due to better diets, a cleaner environment, and improved medical care. B. The average person can now expect to live longer. B. 4. A. Many professors and students believe there is a need for university courses in Arabic, Chinese and Hindi. B. Although universities offer courses in many European languages, many professors and students see the need to offer Arabic, Chinese, and Hindi as well. A. 5. A. In order to create a successful commercial, it is important to consider the target audience, placement, and media. B. Nike’s “Just do it” advertising campaign was created in 1988.
What’s New Directions: Read and comprehend the short text below. Then, complete the outline that follows by filling out the blanks with the correct words/phrases from the text. Write the answer on a sheet of paper. Noise Pollution Aircraft, traffic, construction, various machinery, and other facets of modern civilization create noise pollution. This excessive noise can harm human physically and psychologically. Diseases in hearing are a common result of noise pollution. After research confirmed that loud levels of noise reduced hearing, some cities passed laws setting the decibel level of music allowed in night clubs. Noise pollution can be reduced by either moving the source away from people or creating quieter machines. For example, the placement of airports away from the city reduces the noise pollution of the city. Better insulation of buildings against noise can reduce noise pollution inside a building. I. Noise Pollution A. Sources of noise pollution 1. Aircrafts 2. Traffic 3. Construction 4. Various machinery 5. Other facets of modern civilization B. General effects of noise pollution on human beings 1. Harm human physically and psychologically Page 2 2. Disease in hearing C. Ways of reducing noise pollution 1. Moving the source away from people 2. Creating quieter machines
Assessment Directions: Match the group of words in Column A with the concept/parts of outline they refer to in Column B. Write only the letter of your choice on the blank provided. Column A Column B B. 1. a map or blueprint of an essay a. sentence outline G. 2. an outline that consists of a short phrase 10/10 b. outline H. 3. a chief point of an author about a topic c. thesis statement A. 4. an outline that is written in full sentence d. body E. 5. part of an outline that contains attention grabber e. introduction I.6. the section that wraps all arguments f. sub-points F. 7. the content of the paper that includes the evidence and g. topic outline support of the paper in addition to the author’s ideas D. 8. a paragraph containing facts, statements, and examples h. main point C. 9. presents the central idea of the paper i. conclusion J. 10. indicates the main points of the author j. roman numeral k. numbers
SUMMARY: An outline is a map of your essay or a blueprint. Most outlines use numbers and/or bullet points to arrange information and convey points. It is a tool that helps us organize our ideas, visualize our paper’s potential structure, and to further flesh out and develop points. It allows the writer to understand how he or she will connect information to support the thesis statement and the claims of the paper and provides a space to consider ideas easily without needing to write complete paragraphs or sentences. Essentially, an outline helps prevent a writer from getting stuck when performing the actual writing of the essay.
Parts of an Outline; > Introduction (Attention grabber) - prepares the reader on the contents of the essay. > Body (The content of the paper) - support of the thesis statement made in the introductory paragraph. > Conclusion (Wrap all of your arguments) - summarizes the ideas made in the body and also restate the thesis statement.
When preparing an outline, you can either use a decimal outline or alphanumeric outline. A decimal outline only uses numbers as labels while an alphanumeric outline uses both letters and numbers as labels (Barrot, 2016).
There are two types of outline;
1. Topic Outline - consists of a short phrase. 2. Sentence Outline - done in full sentence. Page 3
