1 A polythene rod is rubbed with a cloth.

polythene rod
3 Which row describes the nature and a property of all β-particles?

cloth nature property

The rod and the cloth both become charged as electrons move between them. A electrons can travel through a vacuum
B electrons stopped by a thin sheet of paper
The rod becomes negatively charged.
C helium nuclei can travel through a vacuum
Which diagram shows how the rod becomes negatively charged, and the final charge on the
cloth? D helium nuclei stopped by a thin sheet of paper

A B
electron electron
– – movement – – movement
– –
– –
– –– + + + – –– + + +
– – + – – + 4 A flexible electrical cable consists of a central conductor and outer insulation.
+ + ++ + + ++
+ +
central outer
conductor insulation
C D
electron electron
– movement – movement
– –
–
– Which pair of materials is suitable for the cable?
– –
– –– – – – – –– – – –
– – – – – –
– – –– – – –– central conductor outer insulation
– –
A copper plastic

2 A wire has a certain electrical resistance. B lead wood

C plastic copper
The diameter and length of the wire may be changed.
D wood lead
Which pair of changes must cause the resistance of the wire to increase?

change of change of
diameter length

A decrease decrease
B decrease increase
C increase decrease
D increase increase

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 7 A polythene rod repels an inflated balloon hanging from a nylon thread.

Why do the rod and balloon repel?

5 The diagram shows a battery connected to two resistors.
A The rod and the balloon have opposite charges.
B The rod and the balloon have like charges.
C The rod is charged but the balloon is not.
R D The balloon is charged but the rod is not.

Four students separately measure the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery, the current in
the resistors, and the potential difference (p.d.) across resistor R. 8 A student uses a length of wire as a resistor. He makes a second resistor from the same material.

Their results are shown in the table below. To be certain of making a second resistor of higher resistance, he should use a piece of wire that
is
Which row shows values with their correct units?
A longer and thicker.
e.m.f. current p.d. B longer and thinner.

A 3.0 A 0.30 V 1.5 A C shorter and thicker.

B 3.0 A 0.30 A 1.5 V D shorter and thinner.
C 3.0 V 0.30 V 1.5 A
9 An electromagnet with a soft-iron core is connected to a battery and an open switch. The soft-iron
D 3.0 V 0.30 A 1.5 V core is just above some small soft-iron nails.

electromagnet

5 The table describes four different resistance wires. They are all made from the same metal.

Which wire has the smallest resistance?

soft-iron core
length of diameter of soft-iron nails
wire / m wire / mm

A 2.0 1.0
The switch is now closed, left closed for a few seconds, and then opened.
B 2.0 1.5
What do the soft-iron nails do as the switch is closed, and what do they do when the switch is
C 3.0 1.0 then opened?
D 3.0 1.5
as switch is closed as switch is opened

A nails jump up nails fall down

B nails jump up nails stay up
C nails stay down nails jump up
D nails stay down nails stay down
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 12 A student has wires of different lengths and different diameters. The wires are all made of the
same metal.
10 The diagram shows a piece of metal resistance wire.
The student measures the resistance of one wire.

Which wire has a greater resistance than the wire he has measured?
Which wire, made of the same metal, has a smaller resistance?
A a shorter wire with a larger diameter
A a wire of the same length with a larger diameter
B a shorter wire with the same diameter
B a wire of the same length with a smaller diameter
C a wire of the same length with a larger diameter
C a wire of greater length with the same diameter
D a wire of the same length with a smaller diameter
D a wire of greater length with a smaller diameter

13 Diagram 1 shows two thin, uncharged strips of plastic.

11 Which diagram shows the pattern of the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying solenoid?
Diagram 2 shows the same strips after they have been rubbed with a dry cloth.
A B C
solenoid solenoid solenoid solenoid

strips
of plastic

diagram 1 diagram 2

Which row describes the charge on the strips after rubbing, and the force between the strips after
rubbing?

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 14 What is the unit of electromotive force (e.m.f.)?
17 What is the unit of electrical power?
A ampere
A ampere
B newton
B joule
C ohm
C volt
D volt
D watt

15 Which sample of copper wire has the greatest electrical resistance?

length of wire / m diameter of wire / mm 18 Some resistors are made using one type of wire. Two different lengths of wire are available. Each
length is available in two different diameters.
A 1.0 2.0
Which wire has the highest resistance?
B 1.0 4.0
A the wire with the greater length and the larger diameter
C 10 2.0
B the wire with the greater length and the smaller diameter
D 10 4.0
C the wire with the smaller length and the larger diameter
D the wire with the smaller length and the smaller diameter
16 Which row gives the unit for electromotive force (e.m.f.) and the unit for potential difference
(p.d.)?
19 Four students are each given an identical resistor and asked to find its resistance. They each
measure the potential difference across the resistor and the current in it.
electromotive potential
force difference One student makes a mistake.
A newton joule Which row shows the results of the student that makes a mistake?
B newton volt
potential difference / V current / A
C volt joule
A 1.2
.2 0.500
D volt volt
B 2.4
.4 1.100
C 1.5
.5 0.625
D 3.0
.0 1.250

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20 Two plastic rods P and Q are both negatively charged. Rod P hangs freely.

22 A plastic rod is rubbed with a cotton cloth. This process causes the rod and the cloth to become
Y charged. These charges cause a force between the rod and the cloth.
X
rod P Which row compares the charges on the rod and the cloth, and describes the effect of the force
between the rod and the cloth?

charges on rod
effect
and cloth
rod Q
A opposite
pposi attract
B opposite
pposi repel
The end of rod Q is brought near to end X of rod P, and then near to end Y of rod P.
C the same they attract
What happens to the rods in each position? D the same they repel

near end X near end Y

A they attract they attract 23 A metal wire of circular cross-section has diameter d and length l.
B they attract they repel
C they repel they attract
D they repel they repel
current
wire
21 A student has four pieces of resistance wire made of the same material. Each piece is connected
in turn between the terminals X and Y in the circuit.
l

X Y Which pair of changes, if both are carried out, must increase the resistance of the wire?

A decrease l and decrease d

In which wire is the current the largest?
B decrease l and increase d
C increase l and decrease d
D increase l and increase d

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 24 T
he circuit shown contains a battery, a 6.0 Ω resistor and two meters X and Y. 26 A battery is connected to two crocodile clips and a lamp.

One meter records current and one meter records potential difference. There is a gap between the crocodile clips.

meter X
6.0 Ω

crocodile clips

Four cylinders W, X, Y and Z are made of the same metal but have different dimensions. The
meter Y cylinders are connected in turn, by their ends, between the crocodile clips. The diagrams of the
cylinders are all drawn to the same scale.
Which row shows possible values for the readings on the meters?
W
meter X meter Y
X
A 2.0 A 12 V
B 2.0 V 12 A Y

C 12 A 2.0 V Z
D 12 V 2.0 A
Which cylinder makes the lamp glow most brightly and which cylinder makes the lamp glow least
brightly?

25 A teacher wishes to show the production of electrostatic charges. most brightly least brightly

She holds a rod and rubs it with a cotton cloth. A copper rod, a glass rod, a plastic rod and a steel A W Y
rod are available. B W Z
Which two rods would both be suitable to use? C X Y

A a copper rod and a glass rod D X Z

B a glass rod and a plastic rod

C a plastic rod and a copper rod
D a plastic rod and a steel rod

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27 A plastic rod and a dry cloth are uncharged.

The rod is now rubbed with the cloth and they both become charged. The rod becomes
negatively charged because some charged particles move from the cloth to the rod.

What is the charge on the cloth and which particles moved in the charging process?
29 Which quantities is a voltmeter used to measure?

A current and e.m.f. only

B current and p.d. only
C e.m.f. and p.d. only
D e.m.f., current and p.d

30 The diagram shows an incomplete circuit.

28 Two balloons, X and Y, are suspended by insulating threads. They are each held near a
negatively charged balloon. The balloons hang as shown.
X Y
A
insulating insulating
threads threads Four wires of different length and thickness are connected in turn between point X and point Y.
All four wires are made of the same metal.
– – ––
– – – – ––
Which wire will cause the greatest reading on the ammeter?
– – X – – Y
– – – – – –
– – – – A long and thick

What is the charge on balloon X and what is the charge on balloon Y? B long and thin
C short and thick
D short and thin

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 33 The diagram shows cables used in the transmission of electrical energy. High voltages are used
for the transmission.

31 Which row gives the unit for energy and the unit for electromotive force (e.m.f.)?
transmission cables

power
station

Why are high voltages used for the transmission of electrical energy?
32 The diagram shows a circuit with
Ω resistor
a 3.0 and a 2.0 Ω resistor connected in parallel. A Fear of high voltages stops people from interfering with the cables.
6.0 V B Heat loss in the cables is smaller than if low voltages are used.
C High voltages increase the current in the cables.
A D High voltages produce large magnetic fields, so less insulation is needed.
3.0 Ω

34 Four wires are made from the same material.

2.0 Ω
Which wire has the least resistance?
The switch is open, and the ammeter reads 2.0 A.
diameter of length of
wire / mm wire / cm
The switch is now closed and the ammeter reads the total current in both resistors.
A 0.2 100
What is the ammeter reading with the switch closed?
B 0.2 200
A 1.2 A B 3.0 A C 4.0 A D 5.0 A
C 0.4 100
D 0.4 200

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