GT 12 Separator Manual

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Alfa Laval Separation AB
Separator Manuals, dept. SKEL
S-147 80 Tumba, Sweden
Telephone: +46 8 53 06 50 00
Telefax: +46 8 53 03 10 40
Printed in Sweden, 00-06
© Alfa Laval Separation AB 2000

This publication or any part thereof may not be
reproduced or transmitted by any process or
means without prior written permission of
Alfa Laval Separation AB.
Contents
1 Read this first 7
2 Safety Instructions 9
3 Separator Basics 15
3.1 Basic principles of separation 16

3.2 Design and function 18
3.3 Separating function 25
3.4 Definitions 31
4 Operating Instructions 33
4.1 Operating routine 34
5 Service Instructions 43
5.1 Periodic maintenance 45

5.2 Maintenance Logs 49
5.3 Check points at Intermediate Service (IS) 55
5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS) 73
5.5 Lifting instructions 87
5.6 Cleaning 88
5.7 When changing oil 92
5.8 Vibration 96
5.9 Common maintenance directions 98
6 Dismantling/Assembly 103
6.1 Introduction 104

6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS) 106
6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS) 110
6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS) 123
6.5 Operating water device (IS) 132
6.6 Vertical driving device (MS) 136
3
6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS) 148
7 Trouble-tracing 161
7.1 Mechanical functions 162

7.2 Separating functions, purification and
clarification 166
7.3 Separating functions, purification only 169
7.4 Separating functions, clarification only 171
7.5 Vibration switch (option) 172
8 Technical Reference 173
8.1 Technical data 174

8.2 Basic size drawing 176
8.3 Connection list 178
8.4 Interface description 180
8.5 Water quality 184
8.6 Lubricants 185
8.7 Other drawings 194
8.8 Storage and installation 201
Index 211
4
Study instruction manuals and observe the
warnings before installation, operation,
service and maintenance.
Not following the instructions can result in

serious accidents.
In order to make the information clear only foreseeable conditions

have been considered. No warnings are given, therefore, for
situations arising from the unintended usage of the machine and its
tools.
5
6
1 Read this first
This manual is designed for operators and service

engineers working with the Alfa Laval separator
GT 12.
For information concerning the function of the
separator, see chapter ‘‘3 Separator Basics” on
page 15 and chapter ‘‘8 Technical Reference” on
page 173.
If the separator has been delivered and installed
by Alfa Laval as part of a processing system, this
manual is a part of the System Manual. In this
S0068011
case, study carefully all the instructions in the
System Manual.
Separator Manual and Spare Parts Catalogue
In addition to this Separator Manual a Spare
Parts Catalogue, SPC is supplied.
This Separator Manual consists of:
Safety Instructions
Pay special attention to the safety instructions for
the separator. Not following the safety instructions
can cause accidents resulting in damage to
equipment and serious injury to personnel.
Separator Basics
Read this chapter if you are not familiar with this
type of separator.
Operating Instructions
This chapter contains operating instructions for
the separator only.
7
1 Read this first
Service Instructions
This chapter gives instructions for daily checks,
cleaning, oil changes, servicing and check points.
Dismantling / Assembly
This chapter contains step-by-step instructions for
dismantling and assembly of the separator for
service and repair.
Trouble-tracing
Refer to this chapter if the separator functions
abnormally.
If the separator has been installed as part of a
processing system always refer to the Trouble-
tracing part of the System Manual first.
Technical Reference
This chapter contains technical data concerning
the separator and drawings.
Index
This chapter contains an alphabetical list of
subjects, with page references.
8
2 Safety Instructions
The centrifugal separator includes parts that

rotate at high speed. This means that:
• Kinetic energy is high
• Great forces are generated
• Stopping time is long
Manufacturing tolerances are extremely fine.

Rotating parts are carefully balanced to reduce
undesired vibrations that can cause a breakdown.
G0010411
Material properties have been considered
carefully during design to withstand stress and
fatigue.
The separator is designed and supplied for a
specific separation duty (type of liquid, rotational
speed, temperature, density etc.) and must not be
used for any other purpose.
Incorrect operation and maintenance can result in
unbalance due to build-up of sediment, reduction
of material strength, etc., that subsequently could
lead to serious damage and/or injury.
The following basic safety instructions therefore
apply:
• Use the separator only for the purpose
and parameter range specified by
Alfa Laval.
• Strictly follow the instructions for
installation, operation and maintenance.
• Ensure that personnel are competent and
have sufficient knowledge of maintenance
and operation, especially concerning
emergency stopping procedures.
• Use only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts
and the special tools supplied.
9
DANGER
Disintegration hazards
• Use the separator only for the purpose

and parameter range specified by
Alfa Laval.
• If excessive vibration occurs, stop
separator and keep bowl filled with
liquid during rundown.
S0051311
• When power cables are connected,
always check direction of motor rotation.
If incorrect, vital rotating parts could
unscrew.
• Check that the gear ratio is correct for
power frequency used. If incorrect,
subsequent overspeed may result in a
serious break down.
S0055611
• Welding or heating of parts that rotate
can seriously affect material strength.
• Wear on the large lock ring thread must
not exceed safety limit. φ-mark on lock
ring must not pass opposite φ-mark by
more than specified distance.
• Inspect regularly for corrosion and
erosion damage. Inspect frequently if
process liquid is corrosive or erosive.
10
DANGER
Entrapment hazards
• Make sure that rotating parts have come

to a complete standstill before starting
any dismantling work.
• To avoid accidental start, switch off and
lock power supply before starting any
S0051111
dismantling work.
• Assemble the machine completely
before start. All covers and guards must
be in place.
Electrical hazards
• Follow local regulations for electrical
S0051011
installation and earthing (grounding).
WARNING
Crush hazards
S0051711
• Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting
instructions.
• Do not work under a hanging load.
Noise hazards
• Use ear protection in noisy

S0051611
environments.
11
CAUTION
Burn hazards
S0055411
• Lubrication oil and various machine
surfaces can be hot and cause burns.
Cut hazards
S0054311
• Sharp edges on separator discs and lock
ring threads can cause cuts.
12
Warning signs in the text

Pay attention to the safety instructions in this
manual. Below are definitions of the three grades
of warning signs used in the text where there is a
risk for injury to personnel.
DANGER
Type of hazard
This type of safety instruction indicates a

situation which, if not avoided, could result in
fatal injury or fatal damage to health.
WARNING
Type of hazard

disabling injury or disabling damage to
health.
CAUTION
Type of hazard

light injury or light damage to health.
NOTE
This type of instruction indicates a situation
which, if not avoided, could result in damage
to the equipment.
13
14
3 Separator Basics
Contents
3.1 Basic principles of separation 16
3.2 Design and function 18

3.2.1 Overview 18
3.2.2 Mechanical power transmission 19
3.2.3 Brake 19
3.2.4 Paring disc pump 20
3.2.5 Sensors and indicators 20
3.2.6 Process main parts 22
3.3 Separating function 25

3.3.1 Purifier bowl 25
3.3.2 Clarifier bowl 27
3.3.3 Normal separation 28
3.3.4 Sludge discharge cycle 29
3.4 Definitions 31
15
3.1 Basic principles of separation 3 Separator Basics
3.1 Basic principles of

separation
The purpose of separation can be:
• to free a liquid of solid particles,
• to separate two mutually insoluble liquids with
different densities while removing any solids
presents at the same time,
• to separate and concentrate solid particles
from a liquid.
G0010711
Sedimentation by gravity
Separation by gravity
A liquid mixture in a stationary bowl will clear
slowly as the heavy particles in the liquid mixture
sink to the bottom under the influence of gravity.
A lighter liquid rises while a heavier liquid and
solids sink.
Continuous separation and sedimentation can be
achieved in a settling tank having outlets
arranged according to the difference in density of
the liquids.
G0010811
Heavier particles in the liquid mixture will settle
and form a sediment layer on the tank bottom.
Sedimentation in a settling tank, with outlets making it
possible to separate the lighter liquid parts from the
heavier
Centrifugal separation
In a rapidly rotating bowl, the force of gravity is
replaced by centrifugal force, which can be
thousands of times greater.
Separation and sedimentation is continuous and
happens very quickly.
The centrifugal force in the separator bowl can
achieve in a few seconds what takes many hours
in a tank under influence of gravity.
G0010911
The centrifugal solution
16
3 Separator Basics 3.1 Basic principles of separation
Separating temperatures
For some types of process liquids (e.g. mineral
oils) a high separating temperature will normally
increase the separation capacity. The
temperature influences oil viscosity and density
and should be kept constant throughout the
separation.
Viscosity
G0011021
Low viscosity facilitates separation. Viscosity can
be reduced by heating.
High viscosity (with low temperature)
G0011121
Low viscosity (with high temperature)
Density difference
The greater the density difference between the
two liquids, the easier the separation. The density
difference can be increased by heating.
G0011221
High density (with low temperature)

G0011321
Low density (with high temperature)
17
3.2 Design and function 3 Separator Basics
3.2 Design and function
3.2.1 Overview
The separator comprises a processing part and a
driving part. It is driven by an electric motor (10).
Mechanically, the separator machine frame is
composed of a bottom part, a top part and a
frame hood. The motor is flanged to the frame as
shown in the illustration. The frame feet (5) are
vibration damping.
The bottom part of the separator contains the
horizontal driving device (6), driving shaft with
couplings (8, 9), a worm gear (7) and a vertical
spindle (3).
The bottom part also contains an oil bath for the
worm gear, a brake and a revolution counter.
The frame top part and the frame hood contain
the processing parts of the separator, the inlet,
outlets and piping (1).
G05803G1
The liquid is cleaned in the separator bowl (2).
This is fitted on the upper part of the vertical
spindle and rotates at high speed in the space
1. Inlet and outlet device
formed by the frame top part and frame hood. The
2. Bowl
bowl also contains the discharge mechanism 3. Vertical driving device with bowl spindle
which empties the sludge from the bowl. 4. Frame feet
5. Horizontal driving device
The main inlets and outlets are shown with
6. Worm gear
connection numbers in the illustration. These
7. Friction coupling
numbers correspond with the numbers used in 8. Elastic coupling
the connection list and the basic size drawing 9. Electric motor
which can be found in chapter ‘‘8 Technical
Reference” on page 173. 201. Unseparated oil inlet
206. Sealing/displacement water inlet
220. Clean oil outlet
221. Water outlet
222. Sludge discharge outlet
372. Bowl opening water inlet
376. Bowl closing and make-up water inlet
18
3 Separator Basics 3.2 Design and function
3.2.2 Mechanical power

transmission
The main parts of the power transmission
between motor and bowl are illustrated in the
figure.
The friction coupling ensures a gentle start and
acceleration and at the same time prevents
overloading of the worm gear and motor.
The worm gear has a ratio which increase the
bowl speed several times compared with the
motor speed. For correct ratio see chapter ‘‘8.1
Technical data” on page 174.
To reduce bearing wear and the transmission of
bowl vibrations to the frame and foundation, the
top bearing of the bowl spindle is mounted in a
spring casing.
The worm wheel runs in a lubricating oil bath. The
bearings on the spindle and the worm wheel shaft
are lubricated by the oil splash produced by the
rotating worm wheel.
G0246431
1. Bowl spindle
2. Top bearing and spring casing
3. Worm wheel
4. Worm
5. Friction coupling
6. Worm wheel shaft
3.2.3 Brake
The separator is equipped with a brake to be
used when stopping the separator. The use of the
brake reduces the retardation time of the bowl
and critical speeds will therefore be quickly
passed.
The brake friction pad acts on the outside of the
coupling pulley.
G0246321
Applying (1) and releasing (2) of brake
19
3.2.4 Paring disc pump

The paring disc serves as a stationary discharge
pump mounted in a chamber in the rotating bowl
neck. The paring disc dips radial into the rotating
liquid which then is pared out.
G0631011
Paring disc pump
3.2.5 Sensors and indicators
Back pressure gauge (1)

Correct limit for the back pressure in the clean oil
outlet can be found in chapter ‘‘4.1.5 Running” on
page 40 or preferably in the System Manual, if
any.
Increasing back pressure in the clean oil outlet
can be caused by:
• restriction in the outlet piping, e.g. a buckled
or bent pipe,
• increased throughput,
G0580141
• increased viscosity, decreased separating
temperature.
1. Back pressure gauge
2. Revolution counter
3. Oil sight glass
4. Sight glass for separated water outlet
Revolution counter (2) 5. Cover interlocking switch (option)
6. Vibration switch (option)
A revolution counter, which should turn clockwise
during operation, indicates the speed of the
separator and is driven from the worm wheel
shaft. The correct speed is needed to achieve the
best separating results and for reasons of safety.
The number of revolutions on the revolution
counter for correct speed is shown in chapter ‘‘8
Technical Reference” on page 173. Refer to name
G0246211
plate for speed particulars.
The revolution counter should turn clockwise
20
Oil sight glass (3)

The sight glass shows the oil level in the worm
gear housing.
Sight glass for separated water outlet (4)

The sight glass shows the flow of the separated
water and if any oil is escaping through the water
outlet. If so, see chapter ‘‘7 Trouble-tracing” on
page 161.
Cover interlocking switch (5, option)

When required, the cover interlocking switch
should be connected to the starter equipment so
that starting of the motor is prevented when the
separator hood is not (completely) closed.
Vibration switch (6, option)

The vibration switch, properly adjusted, trips on a
relative increase in vibration.
The vibration switch is sensitive to vibration in a
direction perpendicular to its base. It contains a
vibration detecting mechanism that actuates a
snap-action switch when the selected level of
vibration is exceeded. After the switch has tripped
it must be reset manually by pressing the button
on the switch.
G0548421
Reset push button on vibration switch
21
3.2.6 Process main parts
1. Upper paring camber

2. Gravity/clarifier disc
3. Small lock ring (with paring chamber cover)
4. Oil paring chamber
5. Level ring
6. Distributor
7. Top disc
8. Bowl hood
9. Bowl disc stack
10. Large lock ring
11. Sludge port *
12. Sludge space
13. Bowl body
14. Sliding bowl bottom *
15. Operating slide *
16. Nozzle *
17. Nozzle *
18. Upper paring disc (water)
19. Oil paring disc
20. Inlet pipe
21. Distributing cone
22. Bowl hood seal ring *
23. Drain valve plug *
24. Opening chamber *
25. Spring *
26. Spring support *
G0693021
27. Control paring disc *
201. Unseparated oil inlet

206. Sealing/displacement water inlet Separator bowl, feed and discharge assembly, control
220. Clean oil outlet paring disc and liquid flow
221. Water outlet
372. Opening water inlet *
376. Closing and make-up water inlet *
* Parts effecting a sludge discharge
22
Inlet and outlet device

The inlet and outlet device consists of the
following parts:
• The inlet (201). This comprises the pipe bend
and the long inlet pipe (20) which extends into
the middle of the bowl.
• The outlets (220, 221). These comprise the
discharge cover and the paring discs (18, 19)
which pump the separated oil and water out
of the bowl. Each paring disc is located in a
paring chamber (1, 4) in the top of the bowl.
The inlet and outlet device is held together by the
inlet pipe threading which is fixed to the oil paring
disc. O-rings and a seal ring seal the connections
between the parts.
The outlet connection housing is fastened to the
separator frame hood. Height adjusting rings
determine the height position of the paring discs
in the paring chambers.
Separator bowl
The separator bowl with its sludge discharge
mechanism is built-up as follows:
The bowl body (13) and bowl hood (8) are held
together by the large lock ring (10). Inside the
bowl are the distributing cone (21), the distributor
(6) and the disc stack (9). The disc stack is kept
compressed by the hood. The sliding bowl bottom
(14) forms an internal separate bottom in the
bowl.
The bowl top is covered by the paring chamber
cover (3). The space between this cover and the
top disc (7) is the upper paring chamber with the
upper paring disc which pumps the separated
water out of the bowl. The oil paring chamber with
its paring disc is located inside the upper part of
the top disc. From this space the cleaned oil is
pumped out of the bowl.
The sludge space (12) is the space between the
sliding bowl bottom and the bowl hood in the bowl
periphery. It is kept closed by the sliding bowl
bottom which seals against a seal ring (22) in the
bowl hood.
23
Sludge discharge mechanism

At intervals decided by the operator, the sliding
bowl bottom drops to empty the bowl of sludge.
The sludge discharge mechanism, which controls
the sliding bowl bottom, comprises an operating
slide (15) and an operating water device. Passive
parts are the nozzles (16, 17) and drain valve
plugs (23). The operating water device on the
underside of the bowl supplies opening (372) and
closing/make-up (376) water to the discharge
mechanism via the control paring disc (27).
24
3 Separator Basics 3.3 Separating function
3.3 Separating function
3.3.1 Purifier bowl

Characteristic parts
The illustration shows the characteristic part of
the purifier bowl, the gravity disc. The disc should
be chosen according to directions in chapter
‘‘4.1.2 Selection of gravity disc” on page 35.
The gravity disc determines the interface position
in a purifier bowl (see below).
A purifier bowl has two liquid outlets, 220 (oil) and
221 (water).
G0685561
Purifier bowl
Position of interface
An interface (1) must be formed between the oil
and water in the bowl. In order to achieve
optimum separation of the oil, the interface must
be maintained in the correct position, which is
between the disc stack and the outer edge of the
top disc. If the interface moves outside the outer
edge of the top disc the water seal will break and
oil will be discharged with the water. An interface
positioned inside the disc stack will cause bad
separation results.
G0047031
The position of the interface is adjusted by

altering the pressure balance of the liquid phases
Interface position (1)
oil and water inside the separator. That is done by
exchanging the gravity disc. For this purpose a
number of gravity discs with various hole
diameters are delivered with the separator.
25
3.3 Separating function 3 Separator Basics
A. Correct interface position
B. Wrong interface position - broken water seal
C. Wrong interface position - bad separation
G0011721
Factors influencing the interface position

1. Oil viscosity, density and throughput
Oil with high density and/or high viscosity, as well
as high throughput, will position the oil/water
interface closer to the bowl periphery than for oil
with low properties.
A. High viscosity/density/throughput
G0011821
B. Low viscosity/density/throughput
26
2. Gravity disc
To compensate for the above factors the interface
is adjusted to a correct position by altering the
outlet for the water, i.e. exchanging the gravity
disc. Changing to a gravity disc with larger hole
diameter will move the interface towards the bowl
periphery whereas a disc with smaller hole
diameter will move the interface closer to the bowl
centre.
A. Gravity disc with large hole diameter
G0011921
B. Gravity disc with small hole diameter
3. Excessive back pressure

Excessively high back pressure in the oil outlet
prevents the oil from being pumped out. The inner
oil level will then move towards centre of the bowl
and, at the same time, push the oil/water interface
outwards towards the bowl periphery. The effect
is a wrong interface position, which may cause
G0012021
broken water seal.
A. Excessive back pressure

B. Normal back pressure
3.3.2 Clarifier bowl

Characteristic parts
The illustration shows the characteristic part of
the clarifier bowl. In clarification the gravity disc is
replaced by a so called clarifier disc, i.e. a disc
with smallest possible hole diameter (Ø) which
seals off the water outlet. No liquid seal is needed
when clarifying.
The clarifier bowl has only one liquid outlet, 220
(oil).
G0685571
Clarifier bowl
27
3.3.3 Normal separation

Unseparated oil is fed into the bowl through the
inlet pipe (11) and is pumped via the distributor
(4) and distributing cone (12) towards the
periphery of the bowl.
When the oil reaches slots of the distributor, it will
rise through the channels formed by the disc
stack (6) where it is evenly distributed.
The oil is continuously cleaned as it travels
towards the centre of the bowl. When the cleaned
oil leaves the disc stack it rises upwards, flows
over the level ring (3) and enters the oil paring
chamber (2). From here it is pumped by the non-
rotating oil paring disc (10) and leaves the bowl
through outlet (220). Separated water, sludge and
solid particles, which are heavier than the oil, are
forced towards the periphery of the bowl and
collected in the sludge space (7). The bowl
content is discharged at selected intervals
through the sludge ports (8).
At purification the separated water rises along the
outside of the top disc (5) over gravity disc (1) and
G0693011
is then pumped out by the non-rotating upper
paring disc (9). The water then leaves the bowl
through water outlet (221). Separating principle
1. Gravity/clarifier disc
2. Oil paring chamber
3. Level ring
4. Distributor
5. Top disc
6. Bowl disc stack
7. Sludge space
8. Sludge port
9. Upper paring disc (water)
10. Oil paring disc
11. Inlet pipe
13. Bowl hood
201. Unseparated oil inlet

220. Clean oil outlet
221. Water outlet (only at purification)
28
3.3.4 Sludge discharge cycle
Sludge discharge interval

The MOPX-separator is a total-discharge type
separator which completely discharges sludge
and water from the bowl.
The appropriate time to be choosen between
sludge discharges depends on local conditions
because many factors influence accumulation
and hardening of sludge between discharges.
However, keep the discharge interval within the
min. and max. time stated in ‘‘8.1 Technical data”
on page 174.
Long intervals between sludge discharges can
cause accumulation and compaction of sludge.
The sludge may then break-up unevenly on
discharge and cause the bowl to become
unbalanced. If such unbalance is too large, there
is risk of serious separator damage and injury to
personnel.
29
Closed bowl (normal operation)

The sliding bowl bottom (2) is pressed upwards
by force of the closing water in the closing water
space (6) under the sliding bowl bottom which is
greater than the force of the process liquid above
the sliding bowl bottom.
The operating slide (3) is pressed upwards by the
springs (9) and the valve plugs (8) then cover the
drain channels (7).
Bowl opens for discharge

Before starting the sludge discharge cycle the oil
feed should be cut off.
At purification, displacement water (206) should
be added to the bowl before the discharge to
avoid oil losses. The oil/water interface (h1)
moves towards the centre of the bowl (h2).
The opening water (372), which is supplied into
the space above the operating slide (3),
G0693031
overcomes the force from the springs (9) and the
operating slide is pressed downwards. The drain
Separator bowl, feed and discharge assembly, control
channels (7) open and the closing water is
paring disc and liquid flow
drained. This allows the force on the underside of
the sliding bowl bottom (2) to become lower than 1. Sludge port
the force on the upper side. The sliding bowl 2. Sliding bowl bottom *
bottom moves downwards and the bowl opens for 3. Operating slide *
a discharge through the sludge ports (1). 4. Nozzle *
5. Nozzle *
6. Closing water space
7. Drain channel
Bowl closes after discharge
8. Drain valve plug
The opening water supply is closed and the water 9. Spring *
in the opening chamber (10) is drained through 10. Opening chamber *
nozzle (5). The springs (9) move the operating
slide upwards and the drain channels (7) are
372. Opening water inlet *
closed by the drain valve plugs (8). The closing 376. Closing and make-up water inlet *
water (376) is supplied via the nozzle (4) to the
closing water space (6) which presses the sliding * Parts effecting a sludge discharge
bowl bottom (2) upwards. The bowl closes and
the sludge discharge cycle is complete.
At purification, add sealing water (206) to the
bowl before opening the oil supply to the
separator.
Bowl closing water should be supplied during the
sludge discharge sequence and at intervals
during the separation sequence to replace
evaporated water.
30
3 Separator Basics 3.4 Definitions
3.4 Definitions
Back pressure Pressure in the separator outlet.
Clarification Liquid/solids separation with the intention of separating particles, normally
solids, from a liquid (oil) having a lower density than the particles.
Clarifier disc An optional disc, which replaces the gravity disc in the separator bowl, in the
case of clarifier operation. The disc seals off the heavy phase (water) outlet in
the bowl, thus no liquid seal exists.
Counter pressure See Back pressure.
Density Mass per volume unit. Expressed in kg/m3 at specified temperature, normally
at 15 °C.
Gravity disc Disc in the bowl hood for positioning the interface between the disc stack and
the outer edge of the top disc. This disc is only used in purifier mode.
Interface Boundary layer between the heavy phase (water) and the light phase (oil) in a
separator bowl.
Intermediate Service Overhaul of separator bowl, inlet/outlet and operating water device. Renewal
(IS) of seals in bowl inlet/outlet and operating water device.
Major Service (MS) Overhaul of the complete separator, including bottom part (and activities
included in an Intermediate Service, if any). Renewal of seals and bearings in
bottom part.
Purification Liquid/liquid/solids separation with the intention of separating two intermixed
and mutually insoluble liquid phases of different densities. Solids having a
higher density than the liquids can be removed at the same time. The lighter
liquid phase (oil), which is the major part of the mixture, shall be purified as far
as possible.
Sediment (sludge) Solids separated from a liquid.
Sludge discharge Ejection of sludge from the separator bowl.
Throughput The feed of process liquid to the separator per time unit.
Expressed in m 3/h or lit/h.
Viscosity Fluid resistance against movement. Normally expressed in centistoke
(cSt = mm2/sec), at specified temperature.
Water seal Water in the solids space of the separator bowl to prevent the light phase (oil)
from leaving the bowl through the heavy phase (water) outlet, in purifier mode.
31
3.4 Definitions 3 Separator Basics
32
4 Operating Instructions
Contents
4.1 Operating routine 34

4.1.1 Before first start 34
4.1.2 Selection of gravity disc 35
4.1.3 Ready for start 38
4.1.4 Start 39
4.1.5 Running 40
4.1.6 Normal stop 41
4.1.7 Safety stop 42
33
4.1 Operating routine 4 Operating Instructions
4.1 Operating routine

These operating instructions are related only to
the separator itself. If the separator is a part of a
system or module follow also the instructions for
the system.
4.1.1 Before first start

Technical demands for connections and logical
limitations for the separator is described in the
chapter ‘‘8 Technical Reference” on page 173 in
the documents:
1. Technical data
2. Basic size drawing
G0692951
3. Connection list
4. Interface description
Explanations of the separator connections are given
5. Foundation drawing. in ‘‘8.3 Connection list” on page 178.
Before first start the following check points shall

be checked:
• Ensure the machine is installed correctly and
that feed-lines and drains have been flushed
clean.
• Fill oil in the gear housing. Fill up exactly to
the middle of the sightglass. Use the correct
grade of oil. The separator is delivered
without oil in the worm gear housing. For
grade and quality, see ‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on
page 185.
• Make sure the direction of rotation of the
motor corresponds to the sign on the motor,
G0262011
see ‘‘8.7.4 Machine plates and safety labels”

on page 198.
Fill oil in the gear housing
34
4 Operating Instructions 4.1 Operating routine
4.1.2 Selection of gravity disc

The separator is delivered with a set of gravity
discs.
How to replace a gravity disc is described in ‘‘6.3
Bowl hood and disc stack (IS)” on page 110.
Clarification
When running the separator as a clarifier, select
the gravity disc with the smallest hole diameter,
the so-called clarifier disc. See the Spare Parts
Catalogue for correct hole diameter.
Purification
A number of gravity discs are delivered for
operating the separator as a purifier. The
diameter of a gravity disc sets the position of the
oil-water interface in the separator. The
G0685561
separation efficiency can be optimized by
selection of the correct diameter for each
process. Fit correct gravity disc
When selecting a gravity disc the general rule is
to use the disc having the largest possible hole
without causing a break of the water seal.
The heavier or more viscous the light phase (oil)
and the larger the liquid feed the smaller the
diameter should be.
When the heavy phase (water) is wanted more
free from the light one (oil), the interface should
be placed nearer the bowl centre, however not
inside the outer edge of the discs (too small
gravity disc), as this would prevent the liquid flow.
For a more detailed description of the interface
position, see ‘‘3.3.1 Purifier bowl” on page 25.
Some gravity discs have two small holes drilled
outside the large hole. You must pay regard to
these holes when measure the hole diameter Ø,
see the illustration. Measure between the centres
of the holes.
G0732911
A B
Where to measure the hole diameter of a gravity disc
A. Gravity disc without small holes
B. Gravity disc with two small holes
35
As an aid, use the nomogram on next page to find

the correct gravity disc. It can be used when the
density of the oil at a temperature of 15 °C is
known. However, note that the nomogram is
purely theoretical. In practical operation, practice
the following general rule:
1. Fit a gravity disc one size larger than the
recommended in the nomogram.
2. Run the separator.
3. Observe if oil flows through the water outlet.
The observation can be done through the
sight glass.
− If Yes, stop the separator and fit the next
smaller gravity disc.
− If No, stop the separator and fit the next
larger gravity disc.
4. Repeat steps 1-3 above until having the
gravity disc with the largest hole diameter
without causing a break of the water seal
G0019921
Check if oil flows through the water outlet
36
How to use the nomogram
G0688841
Nomogram for GT 12 ρ = Density of oil in kg/m3 at 15 °C
Q = Throughput in m3/h
The presence of salt water may demand the use
of a gravity disc with larger hole diameter than T = Separating temperature in °C or °F
indicated in the nomogram (the nomogram is
based on the properties of fresh water). Ø = Gravity disc hole diameter in mm
Example I in nomogram Example II in nomogram

Reference in graph: _________________ Reference in graph: __________
Oil density: 985 kg/m3 at 15 °C Oil density: 885 kg/m3 at 15 °C
Separating temperature: 98 °C Separating temperature: 90 °C
Throughput: 4,5 m3/h Throughput: 7,5 m3/h
The nomogram indicates that a gravity disc with a The nomogram indicates that a gravity disc with a
hole diameter of 102 mm should be tried. hole diameter of 134 mm should be tried.
37
4.1.3 Ready for start

To achieve the best separation results the bowl
should be in a clean condition.
1. Check that the bolts of the frame hood are
fully tightened.
2. Check that all inlet and outlet connections
have been correctly made and properly
tightened.
S0009821
CAUTION
Check for leakages (not admitted)
Burn hazards
Make sure that hose connections and flange

couplings are properly assembled and
tightened.
Escaping hot liquid can cause burns.
3. Check that the oil level is exactly in the

middle of the sight glass.
Fill if necessary. See chapter ‘‘8.6 Lubricants”
on page 185, for a list of recommended oils.
NOTE
G0262011
During running the oil level should be slightly
below the middle of the sight glass.
Too much or too little oil can damage the Check the oil level
separating bearings.
4. Make sure that the brake is released.

G0520111
Release the brake
38
4.1.4 Start
1. Start the separator.
2. Check the direction of rotation of the bowl.
The revolution counter should turn clockwise.
DANGER
G0246211
When power cables have been connected,
always check direction of rotation. If Check for correct direction of rotation
incorrect, vital rotating parts could unscrew.
3. Check the separator for vibration. Some

vibration can occur for short periods during
the starting cycle, when the separator passes
through its critical speeds. This is normal and
passes without danger. Try to learn the
vibration characteristics of the critical speed
pattern.
S0055611
DANGER Check for vibration
When excessive vibration occurs, keep bowl

filled and stop separator.
The cause of the vibration must be identified
and rectified before the separator is
restarted. Excessive vibration may be due to
incorrect assembly or insufficient cleaning of
the bowl.
In the trouble-tracing chapter ‘‘7.1.1 Separator

vibrates” on page 162, a number of causes are
described that can create vibration.
39
4. Check, if possible, the current consumption of

the motor starter to ensure that the separator
has reached full speed.
During start, the current reaches a peak and
then drops slowly to a low and stable level,
which is the normal current during operation.
S0009621
The time to reach full speed may not exceed
the limit given in chapter ‘‘8 Technical
Current increases when the coupling engages...
Reference” on page 173.
5. When running normally, open the closing
water valve (connection 376) for
approximately 5 seconds to close the bowl.
S0009631
... to decrease to a stable value when full speed has
been reached
4.1.5 Running
1. Circulate the process liquid through a heater
until the desired temperature is obtained.
2. For purification mode:
a. Supply water (206) to form the liquid seal.
Continue until water flows out through the
water outlet (221).
Note: The water should have the same
temperature as the process liquid and be
supplied quickly.
b. When the oil has reached the desired
temperature, start the oil feed (201)
slowly to avoid breaking the liquid seal.
3. For clarification mode:
a. Start the oil feed with full flow. Fill the
G0692951
bowl as quickly as possible.

4. For both purification and clarification In- and outlets of the separator
mode:
Check the separator inlet and outlet
pressures.
Adjust the oil outlet pressure to 1,5 bar.
For permissible pressures, temperatures and
flows, see section ‘‘8.1 Technical data” on
page 174.
40
5. Adjust to desired throughput.

6. Discharge by opening the valve for opening
water (connection 372) until a discharge is
heard. For max. and min. time for discharge
intervals, see chapter ‘‘8.1 Technical data” on
page 174.
DANGER
Ensure that correct discharge intervals and

cleaning procedures are used.
Unbalance due to improper washing out of
solids may lead to contact between rotating
and non-rotating parts.
7. For daily condition checks, see ‘‘5.2.1 Daily

checks” on page 49.
4.1.6 Normal stop

1. Shut off the feed.
2. Carry out a sludge discharge before stopping
the separator. Otherwise the bowl must be
cleaned manually before the next start up.
3. After discharge, supply sealing/displacement
water to the bowl and stop the separator with
the bowl filled.
4. Apply the brake. G0520121
The final action, apply the brake
41
4.1.7 Safety stop
DANGER
Entrapment hazards
Make sure that rotating parts have come to a

complete standstill before starting any
S0051111
dismantling work. The revolution counter and
the motor fan indicate if the separator parts The separator must not be dismantled before
are rotating or not. standstill
1. If the separator begins to vibrate excessively

during operation, stop it immediately by
pushing the safety stop. The separator motor
is switched off.
Keep the bowl filled during the run-down to
minimize the excessive vibration.
S0009911
2. Evacuate the room. The separator may be
hazardous when passing its critical speeds
Push the safety stop if excessive vibration
during the run-down.
DANGER
Do not discharge a vibrating separator.

Out-of-balance vibration can become worse
if only part of the sediment is discharged.
CAUTION
After a safety stop the cause of the fault must

be identified.
If all parts have been checked and the cause
remains unclear, contact Alfa Laval for
advice.
42
5 Service Instructions
Contents
5.1 Periodic maintenance 45 5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS) 74

5.1.1 Introduction 45 5.4.1 Bowl hood seal ring 74
5.1.2 Maintenance intervals 45 5.4.2 Bowl spindle cone and
5.1.3 Maintenance procedure 47 bowl body nave 74
5.1.4 Service kits 48 5.4.3 Bowl spindle; height position 74
5.4.4 Bowl spindle; radial wobble 75
5.2 Maintenance Logs 49 5.4.5 Brake 75

5.4.6 Buffer springs and
5.2.1 Daily checks 49
ball bearing housing 76
5.2.2 Oil change 49
5.4.7 Coupling friction pads 78
5.2.3 Intermediate Service (IS) 50
5.4.8 Corrosion 79
5.2.4 Major Service (MS) 52
5.4.9 Cracks 79
5.2.5 3-year Service (3S) 55
5.4.10 Disc stack pressure 79
5.4.11 Erosion 79
5.3 Check points at 5.4.12 Flexible plate in coupling 80
Intermediate Service (IS) 56
5.4.13 Guide surfaces 81
5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring 56
5.4.14 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc 81
5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone and
5.4.15 Level ring 82
bowl body nave 57
5.4.16 Lock ring; priming 82
5.3.3 Corrosion 57
5.4.17 Lock ring; wear and damage 84
5.3.4 Cracks 60
5.4.18 Oil paring disc; height position 84
5.3.5 Disc stack pressure 61
5.4.19 Operating mechanism 84
5.3.6 Erosion 63
5.4.20 Operating paring disc;
5.3.7 Guide surfaces 65
height position 85
5.3.8 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc 67
5.4.21 Operating slide 85
5.3.9 Level ring 67
5.4.22 Sliding bowl bottom 85
5.3.10 Lock ring; wear and damage 68
5.4.23 Springs for operating mechanism 86
5.3.11 Operating mechanism 70
5.4.24 Worm; wear of groove 86
5.3.12 Operating slide 70
5.4.25 Worm wheel and worm;
5.3.13 Sliding bowl bottom 71 wear of teeth 86
5.3.14 Springs for operating mechanism 72 5.4.26 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble 87
5.3.15 Worm wheel and worm; 5.4.27 Cover interlocking switch (option) 87
wear of teeth 72
5.4.28 Vibration switch (option) 87
5.3.16 Cover interlocking switch (option) 72
43
5 Service Instructions
5.5 Lifting instructions 88
5.6 Cleaning 89
5.6.1 External cleaning 89
5.6.2 Cleaning agents 89
5.6.3 Cleaning of bowl discs 91
5.6.4 CIP-system 92
5.7 When changing oil 93

wear of teeth 93
5.7.2 Oil change procedure 96
5.8 Vibration 97
5.8.1 Vibration analysis 97
5.9 Common maintenance directions 99

5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings 99
5.9.2 Before shutdowns 102
44
5 Service Instructions 5.1 Periodic maintenance
5.1 Periodic maintenance
5.1.1 Introduction
Periodic (preventive) maintenance reduces the
risk of unexpected stoppages and breakdowns.
Follow the maintenance logs on the following
pages in order to facilitate the periodic
maintenance.
DANGER
Separator parts that are either worn beyond

their safe limits or incorrectly assembled may
cause severe damage or fatal injury.
5.1.2 Maintenance intervals

The following directions for periodic maintenance
give a brief description of which parts to be
cleaned, checked and renewed at different
maintenance intervals.
The maintenance logs for each maintenance
interval later in this chapter give detailed
enumeration of the check points that must be
done.
Daily checks consist of minor check points to
carry out for detecting abnormal operating
conditions.
Oil change
The oil change interval is every 1000-1500 hours
or at least once every year if the total number of
operating hours is less than 1000-1500 hours.
When using a group D oil, time of operation
between oil changes can be extended from the
normal 1000-1500 hours to 2000 hours.
45
5.1 Periodic maintenance 5 Service Instructions
Intermediate Service (IS)

Intermediate Service consists of an overhaul of
the separator bowl, inlet/outlet and operating
device every 3 months or 2000 operating
hours. Seals in bowl and gaskets in inlet/outlet
device are renewed.
Major Service (MS)

Major Service consists of an overhaul of the
complete separator and includes an Intermediate
Service every 12 months or 8000 operating
hours. Seals and bearings in the bottom part are
renewed.
3-year Service (3S)

3-year Service consists of an overhaul of the
complete separator. The service should be
coordinated with a Major Service. Compared with
the Major Service additional spare parts with
longer life time have to be renewed.
Periodic maintenance schedule

Oil change
Intermediate Service = IS
Major Service = MS
3-year Service = 3S
3S
MS MS MS
IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS
Installation 1st year 2nd year 3rd year
46
5 Service Instructions 5.1 Periodic maintenance
5.1.3 Maintenance procedure

At each Intermediate and Major Service, take a
copy of the maintenance log and use it for
notations during the service.
An Intermediate and Major Service should be
carried out in the following manner:
1. Dismantle the parts as mentioned in the
maintenance log and described in chapter ‘‘6
Dismantling/Assembly” on page 103.
Place the separator parts on clean, soft
surfaces such as pallets.
2. Inspect and clean the dismantled separator
parts according to the maintenance log.
3. Fit all the parts delivered in the service kits
while assembling the separator as described
in chapter ‘‘6 Dismantling/Assembly” on page
103. The assembly instructions have
references to check points which should be
carried out before and during the assembly.
47
5.1 Periodic maintenance 5 Service Instructions
5.1.4 Service kits

Special service kits are available for Intermediate
Service (IS), Major Service (MS) and 3-year
Service (3S).
For other services the spare parts have to be
ordered separately.
S0021021
Note that the parts for IS are not included in the
MS kit and parts for IS & MS are not included in
the 3S kit. Kits are available for Intermediate Service, Major
Service and 3-year Service
The contents of the service kits are described in
the Spare Parts Catalogue.
NOTE
Always use Alfa Laval genuine parts as
otherwise the warranty will become invalid.
Alfa Laval takes no responsibility for the safe
operation of the equipment if non-genuine
spare parts are used.
DANGER
Use of imitation parts may cause severe

damage.
48
5 Service Instructions 5.2 Maintenance Logs
5.2 Maintenance Logs
5.2.1 Daily checks

The following steps should be carried out daily.
Main component and activity Part Page Notes

Inlet and outlet
Check for leakage Connecting housing –
Separator bowl
Check for vibration and noise 96
Horizontal driving device
Worm wheel shaft and gear casing
Check for vibration and noise 96
Check Oil level in gear housing 38
Electrical motor
1)
Check for heat, vibration and noise
1)
See manufacturer’s instruction
5.2.2 Oil change

The oil change and check of worm gear should be carried out every 1000-1500a) hours of operation.
Note! In a new installation, or after replacement of gear, change the oil after 200 operating hours and
clean the gear housing.

Worm wheel shaft and gear housing
Check Worm wheel and worm 92
Renew Oilb) in gear housing 95
When the separator is running for short periods, the lubricating oil must be changed every 12 months even if the
total number of operating hours is less than 1000-1500 hours (2000 h).
a)
When using a group D oil, time of operation between oil changes can be extended from the normal
1000-1500 hours to 2000 hours.
b)
See chapter ‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page 185 for further information.
49
5.2 Maintenance Logs 5 Service Instructions
5.2.3 Intermediate Service (IS)
Name of plant: Local identification:

Separator: GT 12 Manufacture No./Year:
Total running hours: Product No: 881077-06-01
Date: Signature:
Note: Renew all parts included in the Intermediate Service kit (IS).

Inlet and outlet
Clean and inspect Threads of inlet pipe 66
Connecting housing –
Separator bowl
Clean and check Upper paring disc –
Gravity/clarifier disc –
Lock ring 67
Bowl hood 55
Top disc –
Oil paring disc 66
Level ring 66
Bowl discs 90
Distributor –
Distributing cone –
Sliding bowl bottom 70
Bowl body –
Bowl spindle cone and bowl 56
body nave
Operating mechanism 69, 71
Check Corrosion 56
Cracks 59
Erosion 62
Galling of guide surface 65
Disc stack pressure 60
Renew O-rings and sealings –
50

Operating device
Clean and check Operating paring disc –
Renew O-rings –
Renew Oil in gear housing 95
Electrical motor
Lubrication (if nipples are fitted) See sign on motor –
Signs and labels on separator
Check attachment and legibility Safety label on hood 198
Direction of rotation arrow 198
Power supply frequency 198
Monitoring equipment (option)
Function check Vibration switch 72
Cover interlocking switch 71
51
5.2.4 Major Service (MS)
Name of plant: Local identification:

Separator: GT 12 Manufacture No./Year:
Total running hours: Product No: 881077-06-01
Date: Signature:
Note: Renew all parts included in the Intermediate Service kit (IS) and Major Service kit (MS).

Inlet and outlet
Clean and inspect Threads of inlet pipe 66
Connecting housing –
Separator bowl
Clean and check Upper paring disc –
Gravity/clarifier disc –
Lock ring 81, 67
Bowl hood 55
Top disc –
Oil paring disc 66
Level ring 66
Bowl discs 90
Distributor –
Distributing cone –
Sliding bowl bottom 70
Bowl body –
Bowl spindle cone and bowl 56
body nave
Operating mechanism 69, 71
Check Corrosion 56
Cracks 59
Erosion 65
Galling of guide surface 65
Disc stack pressure 60
Oil paring disc height position 83
Renew O-rings and sealings –
52

Operating device
Clean and check Operating paring disc –
Check Height position of operating 83
paring disc
Renew O-rings –
Vertical driving device
Clean and check Bowl spindle –
Wear of groove in worm 85
Buffer springs and ball bearing 75
housing
Radial wobble of bowl spindle 74
Renew Spindle bearings and O-rings 136
Radial wobble of worm wheel 86
shaft
Axial play of flexible plate 79
Renew Bearings, O-rings and 148
sealings
Oil in gear housing 95
Brake
Clean and check Spring and brake shoe 75
Renew Friction pad 74
Friction coupling
Clean and check Worm wheel coupling –
Renew Friction pads 77
Electrical motor
Lubrication (if nipples are fitted) See sign on motor –
Signs and labels on separator
Check attachment and legibility Safety label on hood 198
Direction of rotation arrow 198
Power supply frequency 198
Monitoring equipment (option)
Function check Vibration switch 72
53
5.2.5 3-year Service (3S)

The 3-year service should be carried out in
conjunction with a Major Service (MS). The extent
of the 3-year service is the same as for a major
service plus renewing of parts included in the
3-year Service kit (3S).
NOTE
Renew all parts included in the Intermediate
Service kit (IS), Major Service kit (MS) and
3-year Service kit (3S).
The 3S kit consists among other parts of vibration

dampers for renewal of frame feet. How to renew
the frame feet is described below.
Frame feet, renewal

1. Disconnect pipes, hoses and cables
connected to the separator.
2. Remove the nuts (3, 4).
3. Lift the separator.
NOTE
When lifting a separator it must always hang
securely. See separate instruction in
chapter ‘‘5.5 Lifting instructions” on page 87. G0258911
4. Renew the vibration dampers (1, 2).

1. Vibration damper, upper
5. Lower the frame. Check that the bolts do not
2. Vibration damper, lower
press against the edges of the holes.
3. Nut
6. Tighten the nut (3) to 20 Nm. 4. Lock nut
7. Hold the nut (3) firmly and secure with the

lock nut (4).
8. Connect the previously disconnected pipes,
hoses and cables.
54
5 Service Instructions 5.3 Check points at Intermediate Service (IS)
5.3 Check points at

Intermediate Service
(IS)
5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring

Poor sealing between the bowl hood seal ring and
the sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom will
cause a leakage of process liquid from the bowl.
Renew the bowl hood seal ring at each
Intermediate Service (IS).
G0206211
Max. permitted indentation of the seal ring is 1 mm
Knock out the old ring by means of a pin inserted
in the holes intended for this purpose.
Removal of the seal ring G0206311
Fit the new ring as follows:

Press the ring into the groove with a straight
wooden board placed across the ring.
NOTE
If the new ring is too narrow, place it in hot
G0206411
water (70-80 °C) for about 5 minutes.

If it is too wide, it will shrink after drying in
Fitting of the seal ring
80-90 °C for about 24 hours.
55
5.3 Check points at Intermediate Service (IS) 5 Service Instructions
5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone and bowl

body nave
Impact marks on the spindle cone or in the bowl
body nave may cause poor fit and out-of-balance
vibrations.
The bowl spindle and the nave should also be
checked if the bowl spindle has been dismantled
or if the bowl runs roughly.
Corrosion may cause the bowl to stick firmly to
the spindle cone and cause difficulties during the
next dismantling.
• Remove any impact marks with a scraper
and/or whetstone.
Rust can be removed by using a fine-grain emery
cloth (e.g. No. 320).
Finish with polishing paper (e.g. No. 600).
NOTE
Always use a scraper with great care. The
cone shape must not be deformed.
G0206051
Remove impact marks from the nave and cone
5.3.3 Corrosion
Evidence of corrosion attacks should be looked
for and rectified each time the separator is
dismantled. Main bowl parts such as the bowl
body, bowl hood and lock ring must be inspected
with particular care for corrosion damage.
DANGER
Disintegration hazard
G0206111
Inspect regularly for corrosion damage. Main bowl parts to check for corrosion
Inspect frequently if the process liquid is
corrosive.
56
Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if

you suspect that the largest depth of the
corrosion damage exceeds 1,0 mm or if cracks
have been found. Do not continue to use the
separator until it has been inspected and given
clearance for operation by Alfa Laval.
Cracks or damage forming a line should be
considered as being particularly hazardous.
Non-stainless steel and cast iron parts

Corrosion (rusting) can occur on unprotected
surfaces of non-stainless steel and cast iron.
Frame parts can corrode when exposed to an
aggressive environment.
Stainless steel
Stainless steel parts corrode when in contact with
either chlorides or acidic solutions. Acidic
solutions causes a general corrosion. The
chloride corrosion is characterised by local
damage such as pitting, grooves or cracks. The
S0020611
risk of chloride corrosion is higher if the surface is:
• Exposed to a stationary solution. Example of chloride corrosion in stainless steel
• In a crevice.
• Covered by deposits.
• Exposed to a solution that has a low pH
value.
A corrosion damage caused by chlorides on
stainless steel begins as small dark spots that
can be difficult to detect.
57
1. Inspect closely for all types of damage by

corrosion and record these observations
carefully.
2. Polish dark-coloured spots and other
corrosion marks with a fine grain emery cloth.
S0020511
This may prevent further damage.
Polish corrosion marks to prevent further damage

DANGER
Pits and spots forming a line may indicate

cracks beneath the surface.
All forms of cracks are a potential danger
and are totally unacceptable.
Replace the part if corrosion can be
suspected of affecting its strength or
function.
Other metal parts

Separator parts made of materials other than
steel, such as brass or other copper alloys, can
also be damaged by corrosion when exposed to
an aggressive environment. Possible corrosion
damage can be in the form of pits and/or cracks.
58
5.3.4 Cracks
Cracks can initiate on the machine after a period
of operation and propagate with time.
• Cracks often initiate in an area exposed to
high cyclic material stresses. These are
called fatigue cracks.
• Cracks can also initiate due to corrosion in an
aggressive environment.
• Although very unlikely, cracks may also occur
due to the low temperature embrittlement of
certain materials.
The combination of an aggressive environment
and cyclic stresses will speed-up the formation of
cracks. Keeping the machine and its parts clean
and free from deposits will help to prevent
corrosion attacks.
DANGER
All forms of cracks are potentially dangerous

as they reduce the strength and functional
ability of components.
Always replace a part if cracks are present.
It is particularly important to inspect for cracks in

rotating parts and especially the pillars between
the sludge ports in the bowl wall.
you suspect that the largest depth of the damage
exceeds 1,0 mm. Do not continue to use the
separator until it has been inspected and cleared
for operation by Alfa Laval.
59
5.3.5 Disc stack pressure
NOTE
Ensure that the disc stack pressure is
sufficient to maintain bowl balance.
Insufficient pressure in the disc stack can
cause vibration and reduce lifetime of ball
bearings.
The lock ring (1) should press the bowl hood (2)
firmly against the bowl body (3). The hood in turn
G0544411
should exert a pressure on the disc stack (4),
clamping it in place.
1. Lock ring
2. Bowl hood
3. Bowl body
4. Disc stack
Compress the disc stack by tightening the lock

ring, see chapter ‘‘6.3.3 Assembly” on page 117.
Correct pressure is obtained when it is possible to
tighten the lock ring so far by hand that the
φ-mark on the lock ring is positioned 60° - 90°
before the mark on the bowl body.
To achieve this, add an appropriate number of
discs to the top of the disc stack beneath the top
disc.
G0135811
Then advance the lock ring by giving the spanner
handle some blows till the φ-marks are passed
and the bowl is fully assembled. φ-marks on bowl body and lock ring in line
If the φ-marks do not reach or pass each other,

the reason could be an incorrectly assembled
bowl or to many discs in the disc stack.
Reassemble and check.
60
Complementary check using the compressing

tool
With the large lock ring correctly tighten and the
compressing tool mounted on the separator bowl,
turn the switch to position 1 for compression.
Compress the disc stack by pumping the lever
arm until the oil pressure is released through the
relief valve.
G0533631
Measure the height (H1) of the piston rod (see
illustration) with the slide callipers depth gauge.
Make a note of the reading obtained. Measure of disc stack pressure with use of a
compressing tool
Release the pressure in the compressing tool by
turning the switch to position 0. The piston rod will
now move downwards slightly when the disc set
is released inside the bowl.
Measure once again the height (H2) of the piston
rod with the slide callipers and make a note of the
reading obtained.
If the difference between H1 and H2 is less than
1,5 mm, the disc stack pressure is correct. If it
exceeds 1,5 mm, the number of discs is
insufficient. Add one or more discs and repeat the
above procedure until the correct disc stack
pressure is obtained.
NOTE
An insufficient number of discs will create an
imbalance causing vibration.
61
5.3.6 Erosion
Erosion can occur when particles suspended in
the process liquid slide along or strike against a
surface. Erosion can become intensified locally
by flows of higher velocity.
G0205221
DANGER Max. permitted erosion
Inspect regularly for erosion damage. Inspect

frequently if the process liquid is erosive.

the largest depth of any erosion damage exceeds
1,0 mm. Valuable information as to the nature of
the damage can be recorded using photographs,
plaster impressions or hammered-in lead.
Erosion is characterised by:
• Burnished traces in the material.
• Dents and pits having a granular and shiny
surface.
62
Surfaces particularly subjected to erosion are:

1. The upper paring disc.
2. The top disc.
3. The pillars between the sludge ports in the
bowl wall.
4. The sealing edge of the bowl body for the
seal ring in the sliding bowl bottom.
5. The underside of the distributor in the vicinity
of the distribution holes and wings.
6. The surface of the sliding bowl bottom that
faces the conical part of the distributor.
7. The sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom.
Look carefully for any signs of erosion damage.

Erosion damage can deepen rapidly and
consequently weaken parts by reducing the
thickness of the metal.
G0581321
Surfaces particularly subjected to erosion
DANGER
Erosion damage can weaken parts by

reducing the thickness of the metal.
Pay special attention to the pillars between
the sludge ports in the bowl wall.
Replace the part if erosion can be suspected
of affecting its strength or function.
63
5.3.7 Guide surfaces

Check surfaces indicated (1) for burrs or galling.
Rectify when necessary.
Repair of galling on guide surfaces; see following
pages. Before fitting the sliding bowl bottom,
clean (do not degrease) the contact surfaces
(1 and 2). Apply Alfa Laval lubricating paste or
G0614031
Molykote 1000 Paste with a well-cleaned brush
on surfaces (1 and 2).
Sliding bowl bottom
NOTE
To avoid the risk of galling, the contact
surfaces (1) should be primed with a slide
lacquer at every Major Service (MS).
The slide-lacquered surfaces will be
destroyed if the surfaces are degreased.
G0614151
Bowl body
Lubricate the O-ring and the seal ring with
silicone grease making sure they are not
damaged and lie properly in their grooves.
G0614231
Operating slide
1, 2 = Alfa Laval lubricating paste or

Molykote 1000 Paste.
64
Repair of galling on guide surfaces

Galling (friction marks) may appear on guide
surfaces in the operating system, the bowl body
and the sliding bowl bottom. Surfaces subject to
repair are indicated by an arrow.
The example below describes the repair of the
G0205511
lower guide surface of the bowl body nave.
Guide surface in the bowl body
Recommended tools for correction of galling:

- Emery cloth, 240 grade.
- Hand drilling machine
- Degreasing agent.
- Fibre brush, ∅ 25mm.
- Fibre brush, ∅ 50 mm.
- Very fine single-cut file.
1. Clean the surface thoroughly with a

degreasing agent, i.e. white spirit. This is
important.
G0205611
2. If the galling is excessive, first use the fine
single-cut file. The file should be used with
caution so that the damage is not made
worse.
Remove the high spots on the surface. Do not
use rotating files or similar. Remove the high
spots only - not the undamaged material.
G0205711
65
3. An emery cloth of 240 grade should be used

to smooth the edges and to remove any
burnt-in foreign matter.
G0205811
4. Finish off by polishing the damaged spot with
the fibre brushes and brush wax. It is
recommended that the whole area where
galling may occur is polished. Polishing will
help smoothen the whole of the damaged
area, even in the deepest parts.
Prime the repaired area with lubricating spray

Molykote 321 R. Read the correct procedure
G0205911
under checkpoint. Apply Alfa Laval lubricating
paste or Molykote 1000 Paste to the surface after
priming.
5.3.8 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc

Damage to the threads and the top surface of
level ring may cause the paring disc to scrape
against the paring chamber cover even if the
height has been adjusted correctly.
Screw the inlet pipe into the paring disc and
check that the inlet pipe turns easily.
G0581431
Check the threads of the inlet pipe and oil paring disc
5.3.9 Level ring
Remove any burrs on the surface of the level ring
with a file as the paring disc rests on that surface
during the height position check.
G0534611
Check the level ring for burrs
66
5.3.10 Lock ring; wear and damage

Excessive wear or impact marks on threads,
guide and contact surfaces of the lock ring, bowl
hood and bowl body may cause hazardous
galling.
Check the thread condition by tightening the lock
ring (1) after removing the disc stack and bowl
hood O-ring (2) from the bowl.
DANGER
G0690911
1. Lock ring
Wear on large lock ring thread must not 2. O-ring for the bowl hood
exceed safety limit. The φ-mark on lock ring
must not pass opposite φ-mark by more than
the specified distance.
In a new bowl the alignment marks on the lock

ring and the bowl body are exactly opposite each
other.
If thread wear is observed, mark the bowl body at
the new position of the alignment mark on the A
lock ring by punching in a new alignment mark.
If the original φ−mark on the lock ring passes the
φ−mark on the bowl body by more than 25°
(which corresponds to A=100 mm), an Alfa Laval
representative must be contacted immediately.
If the marks become illegible, an Alfa Laval
G0578131
representative should be contacted immediately (MAX 25 )
to inspect thread wear and for determining the
The φ-mark on the lock ring must not pass the φ-mark
position of new alignment marks.
on the bowl body by more than 25°
67
Damage
The position of the threads, contact and guide
surfaces are indicated by arrows in the
illustration.
Clean the threads, contact and guide surfaces
with a suitable degreasing agent.
Check for burrs and protrusions caused by
impact. Watch your fingers for sharp edges.
If damage is established, rectify using a
whetstone or fine emery cloth (recommended
grain size 240).
If the damage is considerable, use a fine single-
cut file, followed by a whetstone.
G0537231
Clean and check thread, contact and guide surfaces
of the lock ring
68
5.3.11 Operating mechanism

Dirt and lime deposits in the operating
mechanism may cause poor discharge function or
no function at all.
Clean and polish surfaces with steel wool if
necessary.
Reasons for dirt or deposits:

• Hard or unclean operating water. Change
water supply or install a water softener or a
fine filter.
• Sludge has been sucked down into bowl
casing and into the operating system. Check
the installation and the venting system of both
the sludge tank and bowl casing drain.
G0615631
1. Bowl body
2. Nozzle, Ø = 2,5 mm
3. Valve plug
4. Operating slide
5. Nozzle, Ø = 1,1 mm
5.3.12 Operating slide

Poor sealing between the valve plugs on the
operating slide and bowl body may prevent
complete closing of the bowl.
Examine the sealing surfaces (1) of the bowl body
in contact with the valve plugs. Remove any
marks and lime deposits with a very fine grain
emery cloth.
Check the guiding surface (2) in contact with the
dosing ring. Remove any marks with a whetstone
(grain size 240).
G0536821
1. Bowl body sealing surfaces in contact with the

valve plugs
2. Operating slide guide surface in contact with the
dosing ring
69
Remove all the valve plugs. Tap in the new plugs.

Correct height of plugs: 11,0 mm.
G0536931
Tap in new valve plugs
5.3.13 Sliding bowl bottom

Poor sealing between the bowl hood seal ring and
the sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom will
cause a leakage of process liquid from the bowl.
Check the sealing edge of the sliding bowl
bottom. If damaged either through corrosion or
erosion or other means, it can be rectified by
turning in a lathe. Maximum permissible reduction
of the original profile height (2,5 mm) is 0,5 mm.
NOTE
G0379961
Never reduce the height outside the sealing
edge to reach the minimum profile height. Min. height of the profile on sliding bowl bottom
If the seal ring for the sliding bowl bottom is to be

replaced, turn the sliding bowl bottom upside
down and inject compressed air through the hole
on the underside. This will press the ring
outwards far enough to be gripped easily.
WARNING
G0207511
Risk for eye injury
Removal of the O-ring in sliding bowl bottom using

Wear safety goggles.
compressed air
70
5.3.14 Springs for operating

mechanism
Defective or broken springs may prevent
complete closing of the bowl.
Renew those springs which differ from other
springs in regard to length or are defective in
other respects.
G0378931
Check for defective or broken springs
wear of teeth
Same as described in ‘‘5.7.1 Worm wheel and
worm; wear of teeth” on page 92 in this chapter.
5.3.16 Cover interlocking switch

(option)
When the button is pushed, check that the brown
and blue wires are short-circuited and the two
black wires are out-of-circuit.
Check also the reverse when the button not
pressed.
See the illustration for exact measurement when
the button is operated.
Contact closed
Contact open
BK Black
BN Brown
BU Blue
GN-YW Green-Yellow
G0548111
Measurements for operation range of the cover

interlocking switch button
71
5.3.17 Vibration switch (option)
NOTE
Before carrying out the function check
described below, check that a safety stop will
not cause serious interruption of the
operation.
G0548411
Knock on the vibration switch cap a number of
times within one second (the number is decided
by the system parameter settings). If the switch Vibration switch
functions correctly, the separator will perform a
safety stop.
How to adjust the setpoint is described in chapter
‘‘5.8.2 Vibration switch (option)” on page 97.
72
5 Service Instructions 5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS)
5.4 Check points at Major

Service (MS)
5.4.1 Bowl hood seal ring

Same as described in ‘‘5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring”
on page 55.
5.4.2 Bowl spindle cone and bowl

body nave
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone
and bowl body nave” on page 56.
5.4.3 Bowl spindle; height

position
If the bowl spindle has been removed, its height
position relative to the frame ring must be
checked.
• Place a steel ruler across the frame ring.
Measure the distance between the spindle
top and the underside of the steel ruler with a
depth gauge or a graduated ruler.
• The distance (A) should be 24 ±1 mm.
• The height position is adjusted by adding or
removing height adjusting rings inside the
bottom bearing housing.
NOTE
G0540111
Before starting adjustment, tap the spindle

top a few times with a tin hammer to ensure
Measurement of the bowl spindle height (A)
that the bottom bearing of the spindle is
properly seated in the bottom bearing
housing.
73
5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS) 5 Service Instructions
5.4.4 Bowl spindle; radial wobble

The bowl spindle wobble should be checked if the
bowl spindle has been dismantled or if rough bowl
running (vibration) occurs.
NOTE
Spindle wobble will cause rough bowl run.
This leads to vibration and reduces lifetime of
ball bearings.
Check the wobble before mounting the bowl.

Before measuring, make sure that the buffer
plugs are properly tightened.
• Fit a dial indicator in a support and fasten it to

the frame.
• Remove the brake cover to get access to the
coupling drum. Use the coupling drum to
revolve the spindle manually.
• Measure the wobble at the top of the tapered
end of the spindle. Permissible radial wobble
is maximum 0,04 mm.
• If wobble is too large, renew all the ball
bearings on the spindle.
G0191521
Measure wobble after assembly. If it is still
excessive, the spindle is probably damaged and
must be replaced. Measurement of the radial wobble
5.4.5 Brake
A worn or oily friction pad will lengthen the
braking period.
If the friction pad is worn:
• Remove the screws and exchange the friction
pad.
NOTE
The screws are slotted in both ends.
G0134111
Friction pad is fastened with screws
74
If the friction pad is oily:

• Clean the friction pad and the coupling drum
with a suitable degreasing agent.
• Roughen the friction surface of the friction
pad with a coarse file.
NOTE
Identify the cause of oily friction pad. If oil is
G0134211
leaking from the gear housing, renew the
sealing ring between the two parts.
Actions to be taken when the brake friction pad is oily
Checking of spring and brake shoe:

Formation of rust on brake parts may cause the
brake to jam.
• Remove any rust from the surface (1) of the
brake shoe and the corresponding guide
surface in the cap (2).
• Rub in Molykote Paste on the surfaces.
• Replace the spring (3) if it has been weak.
This is indicated by chattering from the spring
when the brake is in released position.
G0134311
• Oil the spring when assembling.
1. Contact surface on the brake shoe for the spring
2. Guide surface in the cap for the brake shoe
3. Spring
5.4.6 Buffer springs and ball

bearing housing
Weakened or broken buffer springs or defective
contact surfaces for the buffers on the ball
bearing housing may give rise to separator
vibration (rough bowl run).
G0537711
Cut view of ball bearing housing
75
Top bearing springs

In case of spring fracture, the complete set of
springs should be replaced, even if only one
spring is broken.
G0537811
1. Ball bearing housing
2. Radial buffer
3. Buffer spring
4. Screw plug
Ball bearing housing

Examine the contact surface for the buffers on the
ball bearing housing. In case of defects
(indentations deeper than 0,5 mm), renew the
housing as well as buffers and springs.
G0283611
Max. permitted indentations made by radial buffers
76
5.4.7 Coupling friction pads

Worn or oily pads in the coupling will cause a long
acceleration period.
If the separator does not attain full speed within
about 10 minutes or the bowl lose speed during
operation, the friction pads of the coupling may be
worn or oily.
Check the pads. If the pads are oily:
G0630211
• Clean the pads and the inside of the coupling
drum with a suitable degreasing agent. Location of coupling friction blocks
Roughen the friction surfaces of the pads with
a coarse file.
If the pads are worn:
• Remove the screws and renew the pads.
G0630311
NOTE
The screws are slotted in both ends. A friction block is fixed with screw, spring washer and
holding bracket
Replace all pads even if only one is worn.
How to renew friction pads without dismantled

horizontal driving device.
• Remove the brake cap.
• Undo the screws of the holding brackets.
• Remove the holding brackets and friction
blocks.
• Remove the screws and renew the pads.
G0630411
Unscrew the holding bracket screws to remove the

friction blocks
G0630511
Three screws fix the friction pad to the friction block
77
Different friction blocks for different power

supply frequencies
If mounting new friction blocks, check that the
A
blocks are correct for the power supply frequency.
The measure A is different for 50 and 60 Hz
separators
50 Hz: A = 20 mm
G0603011
60 Hz: A = 5,5 mm
Measure A is different for 50 and 60 Hz installations
The thickness does not include the friction pad.
5.4.8 Corrosion
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.3 Corrosion” on page
56.
5.4.9 Cracks
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.4 Cracks” on page 59.
5.4.10 Disc stack pressure

Same as described in ‘‘5.3.5 Disc stack pressure”
on page 60.
5.4.11 Erosion
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.6 Erosion” on page 62.
78
5.4.12 Flexible plate in coupling

The axial play (1) of the flexible plate should be
approximately 2 mm.
G0538221
Location of the axial play (1) in the flexible coupling
Check the play as follows:

Measure the distance from the frame ring to the
coupling disc of the separator.
G0538321
Measurement of distance for coupling in separator
frame
Measure the distance from the motor coupling

disc to the motor flange.
X mm - Y mm = 2 mm
If required, adjust the position of the motor
coupling disc.
G0538411
Measurement of distance for coupling on motor
79
5.4.13 Guide surfaces

Check surfaces indicated (1) for burrs or galling.
Rectify when necessary.
Repair of galling on guiding surfaces, see ‘‘5.3.7
Guide surfaces” on page 64.
Treat the guide surfaces with slide lacquer in the
G0614031
following way:
1. Mask the nave hole of the bowl body. Slide
lacquer must not enter this hole. Sliding bowl bottom
2. Carefully degrease the contact surfaces (1)

between the sliding bowl bottom and bowl
body. Dry the surfaces well.
3. Apply slide lacquer Molykote D321R with a
well cleaned brush. Protect the surfaces
which should not be treated.
4. Air-cure the treated surfaces for 15 minutes.
5. Use a smooth fibre brush to polish to an
even, homogeneous contact film.
6. Apply slide lacquer a second time.
7. Air-cure the lacquer for a further 15 minutes.
8. Polish the film to a shiny surface. The film
should look like well-polished leather when
properly done.
G0614161
9. Finish the treatment by lubricating the contact
surfaces (A) with Alfa Laval lubricating paste Bowl body
or Molykote 1000 Paste. Use a well-cleaned
brush. Rub it into the surface, do not leave
any excessive paste.
10. Lubricate the O-ring and the seal ring with At major service
silicone grease and check that they lie
properly in their grooves.
Alfa Laval lubricating paste or
Molykote 1000 Paste
Slide lacquer
(Molykote D 321R) Paste
5.4.14 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc

Same as described in ‘‘5.3.8 Inlet pipe and oil
paring disc” on page 66.
80
5.4.15 Level ring

Same as described in section ‘‘5.3.9 Level ring”
on page 66.
5.4.16 Lock ring; priming

The arrows indicate positions of threads, guide
and contact surfaces to be primed.
Recommended agents for priming procedure:
• Degreasing agent
• Lubricating spray Molykote 321 R
• Hand drilling machine
• 2 fibre brushes
G0581211
Threads, guide and contact surfaces to be primed
1. Clean the lock ring thoroughly with a

degreasing agent and wipe it off.
G0206911
2. Spray the threads, guide and contact

surfaces with slide lacquer Molykote 321 R.
Let the lacquer air-cure for about 15 minutes.
G0207011
81
3. Use a fibre brush to polish the slide lacquer

into the surface. The black spray will look like
well-polished leather when properly done.
G0207311
4. Spray the lock ring a second time and let it
dry for about 15 minutes.
G0207211
5. Polish the slide lacquer to a black shiny
surface which can now last about a year.
Proceed in the same way with the threads of
the bowl body and with the guide surfaces of
the bowl hood and bowl body.
G0207311
82
5.4.17 Lock ring; wear and damage

Same as described in section ‘‘5.3.10 Lock ring;
wear and damage” on page 67.
5.4.18 Oil paring disc; height

position
The height position of the oil paring disc (1)
should be checked if the bowl spindle has been
removed or the bowl has been replaced.
• Assemble the bowl without upper paring disc,
gravity disc and paring chamber cover.
• Tighten the large lock ring until the bowl hood
is in close contact with the bowl body.
• Put the frame hood in place and tighten it to
the frame ring.
• Measure the distance A according to the
figure. The distance should be 67 ±0,5 mm.
• Adjust the distance by adding or removing
height adjusting rings (2).
G0691011
With inlet and outlet parts mounted:
• Revolve the worm wheel shaft by hand. If it Measurement of distance A
turns heavily or if a scraping noise is heard,
wrong height adjustment or wrong fitting of
the inlet pipe may be the cause.
5.4.19 Operating mechanism

Same as described in section ‘‘5.3.11 Operating
mechanism” on page 69.
83
5.4.20 Operating paring disc;

height position
If the bowl spindle has been removed or the bowl
has been replaced, the height position of the
operating device relative to the bowl spindle top
must be checked.
Correct measure (A) is 176 ±0,5 mm.
• The operating water device should be
G0691121
assembled and fitted.
• Support the templet on the spindle top with Measurement of distance A
the measurement indication 175,5 facing the
spindle.
There should be a small gap between the
lower end of the templet and the top face of
the ring nut (1), otherwise the paring disc
position is too high.
• Turn the templet so that the measurement
indication on the other side (176,5) faces the
spindle and the templet lower end supports
on the paring disc.
There should be a small gap between the
templet tongue and the spindle top, otherwise
the paring disc position is too low.
• The height position is adjusted by adding or
by removing height adjusting rings (4) under
the distributing cover (3).
• After adjustment rotate the spindle. If a
G0691921
scraping noise is heard, re-adjust.
1. Ring nut
2. Paring disc assembly
3. Distributing cover
4. Height adjusting ring(s)
5.4.21 Operating slide

Same as described in section ‘‘5.3.12 Operating
slide” on page 69.
5.4.22 Sliding bowl bottom

Same as described in section ‘‘5.3.13 Sliding
bowl bottom” on page 70.
84
5.4.23 Springs for operating

mechanism
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.14 Springs for
operating mechanism” on page 71.
5.4.24 Worm; wear of groove

Renew the worm if the wear in the groove (1)
which receives the conveyor exceeds 3-4 mm.
G0537921
Measurement of wear in groove (1)

wear of teeth
Same as described in section ‘‘5.7.1 Worm wheel
and worm; wear of teeth” on page 92.
85
5.4.26 Worm wheel shaft; radial

wobble
Excessive wobble on the worm wheel shaft may
cause vibration and noise.
Clamp a dial indicator in a magnetic support and
fasten it to the surface for the worm wheel guard.
Turn the worm wheel shaft by hand.
Permissible radial wobble is maximum 0,10 mm.
If the wobble is larger, the worm wheel shaft must
be removed from the frame for closer
examination. Get in touch with your Alfa Laval
representative as the worm wheel shaft may need
to be replaced.
G0246131
Measurement of the radial wobble

(option)
Same as described in ‘‘5.3.16 Cover interlocking
switch (option)” on page 71.

Same as described in ‘‘5.3.17 Vibration switch
(option)” on page 72.
86
5 Service Instructions 5.5 Lifting instructions
5.5 Lifting instructions

Attach three endless slings or cables to the lifting
eyes (the screws must be tightened with
spanner).
Length of each sling must be min. 2 metres.
NOTE
Machine weight without frame hood and bowl
is approx. 850 kg.
Do not lift the separator unless the frame hood

and bowl have been removed.
WARNING
Crush hazards
Use only the three special lifting eyes

(M16) for lifting the machine. They are to be
screwed into the special threaded holes
normally covered by the frame hood.
Other holes are not dimensioned for lifting
G0544511
the machine.
A falling separator can cause accidents Lift the separator with the frame hood and bowl
resulting in serious injury to persons and removed
damage to equipment.
When lifting the bowl, use the special lifting tool

fastened on the bowl hood.
NOTE
Check that the lock ring is properly tightened.
The height of the lock ring above the bowl
body must not exceed 12 mm.
Weight to lift is approx. 300 kg.
G0544611
When lifting the bowl out of the separator

frame, the cap nut fixing the bowl to the bowl
spindle and the screws fixing the bowl body The lock ring must be properly tightened when lifting
to the operating water device must first be the bowl
removed.
87
5.6 Cleaning 5 Service Instructions
5.6 Cleaning
5.6.1 External cleaning

The external cleaning of the frame and motor
should be restricted to brushing, sponging or
wiping while the motor is running or is still hot.
Never wash down a separator with a direct water
stream. Totally enclosed motors can be damaged
by direct hosing to the same extent as open
motors and even more than those, because:
• Many operators believe that these motors are
sealed, and normally they are not.
G0545121
• A water jet played on these motors will
produce an internal vacuum, which will suck Never wash down a separator with a direct water
the water between the metal-to-metal contact stream or playing a water jet on the motor
surfaces into the windings, and this water
cannot escape.
• Water directed on a hot motor may cause
condensation resulting in short-circuiting and
internal corrosion.
Be careful even when the motor is equipped with
a protecting hood. Never play a water jet on the
ventilation grill of the hood.
Use a sponge or cloth and a brush when cleaning G0545131
5.6.2 Cleaning agents

When using chemical cleaning agents, make sure
you follow the general rules and suppliers’
recommendations regarding ventilation,
protection of personnel, etc.
For separator bowl, inlet and outlet

A chemical cleaning agent must dissolve the
deposits quickly without attacking the material of
the separator parts.
88
5 Service Instructions 5.6 Cleaning
• For cleaning of lube oil separators the most

important function of the cleaning agent is to
be a good solvent for the gypsum in the
sludge. It should also act as a dispersant and
emulsifier for oil. It is recommended to use
Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for lube oil
separators which has the above mentioned
qualities. Note that carbon steel parts can be
damaged by the cleaning agent if submerged
for a long time.
• Fuel oil sludge mainly consists of complex
organic substances such as asphaltenes.
The most important property of a cleaning
S0008511
liquid for the removal of fuel oil sludge is the
ability to dissolve these asphaltenes.
Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for fuel and lube oil
Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for fuel oil separators
separators has been developed for this
purpose. The liquid is water soluble, non-
flammable and does not cause corrosion of
brass and steel. It is also gentle to rubber and
nylon gaskets in the separator bowl.
Before use, dilute the liquid with water to a
concentration of 3-5%. Recommended
cleaning temperature is 50-70 °C.
CAUTION
Skin irritation hazard
Read the instructions on the label of the

plastic container before using the cleaning
liquid.
Always wear safety goggles, gloves and
protective clothing as the liquid is alkaline
and dangerous to skin and eyes.
For operating mechanism

Use 10% acetic acid solution to dissolve lime
deposits. The acid should be heated to 80 °C.
For parts of the driving devices

Use white spirit, cleaning-grade kerosene or
diesel oil.
89
5.6 Cleaning 5 Service Instructions
Oiling (protect surfaces against corrosion)

Protect cleaned carbon steel parts against
corrosion by oiling. Separator parts that are not
assembled after cleaning must be wiped and
coated with a thin layer of clean oil and protected
from dust and dirt.
5.6.3 Cleaning of bowl discs

Bowl discs
Handle the bowl discs carefully so as to avoid
damage to the surfaces during cleaning.
NOTE
Mechanical cleaning is likely to scratch the

disc surfaces causing deposits to form
quicker and adhere more firmly.
A gentle chemical cleaning is therefore
preferable to mechanical cleaning.
1. Remove the bowl discs from the distributor

and lay them down, one by one, in the
cleaning agent.
G0065831
2. Let the discs remain in the cleaning agent
until the deposits have been dissolved. This Put the discs one by one into the cleaning agent
will normally take between two and four
hours.
3. Finally clean the discs with a soft brush.
G0065841
Clean the discs with a soft brush
90
5 Service Instructions 5.6 Cleaning
5.6.4 CIP-system
Alfa Laval has developed a CIP (Cleaning-In-
Place) system specifically designed for cleaning
the bowl and with the inlet and outlets of lube and
fuel oil separators without the need of
dismantling.
G0039031
CIP Unit connected to separator
91
5.7 When changing oil 5 Service Instructions
5.7 When changing oil

wear of teeth
To check at each oil change

Check the teeth of both the worm wheel and
worm for wear. Examine the contact surfaces and
compare the tooth profiles with the ‘‘ Tooth
appearance examples” on page 94. The gear
may operate satisfactorily even when worn to
some degree.
• Replace both worm wheel and worm at the
same time, even if only one of them is worn.
•
G0205311
To avoid damaging the teeth when lifting the
bowl spindle: push the worm wheel to one
side first. 1. Worm
2. Worm wheel
Position the spindle in correct place before
fitting the worm wheel.
When replacing the gear, always make sure that
the new worm wheel and worm have the same
number of teeth as the old ones. See chapter ‘‘8.1
Technical data” on page 174 for correct number of
teeth.
DANGER
Check that gear ratio is correct for power

frequency used. If incorrect, subsequent
overspeed may result in a serious
G0205411
breakdown.
Check the gear ratio (number of teeth) when replacing

the gear
92
5 Service Instructions 5.7 When changing oil
NOTE
Presence of metal chips in the oil bath is an
indication that the gear is wearing
abnormally.
Important!
When using mineral-type oil in the worm gear
housing, the presence of black deposits on the
spindle parts is an indication that the oil base has
deteriorated seriously or that some of the oil
additives have precipitated. If pits are found on
the worm gear, the cause could be that the
additives are not suitable for this purpose.
In all these cases it is imperative to change to a
high-temperature oil.
For further information, see chapter ‘‘8.6
Lubricants” on page 185.
93
5.7 When changing oil 5 Service Instructions
Tooth appearance examples

Satisfactory teeth:
Uniform wear of contact surfaces. Surfaces are
smooth.
Good contact surfaces will form on the teeth
G0538711
when the gear is subjected to only moderate load
during its running-in period.
Satisfactory teeth
Worn teeth:
Permissible wear is as a rule 1/3 of the thickness
of the upper part of a tooth, provided that
• the wear is uniform over the whole of the
G0538811
flank of a tooth
• and all teeth are worn in the same way. Worn teeth
Spalling:
Small bits of the teeth have broken off, so-called
spalling. This is generally caused by excessive
load or improper lubrication. Damage of this type
G0538911
need not necessitate immediate replacement, but
careful checking at short intervals is of imperative
importance. Spalling
Pitting:
Small cavities in the teeth, so-called pitting, can
occur through excessive load or improper
lubrication. Damage of this type need not
necessitate immediate replacement, but careful
G0539011
check at short intervals is of imperative

importance.
Pitting
94
5 Service Instructions 5.7 When changing oil
5.7.2 Oil change procedure
NOTE
Before adding or renewing lubricating oil in
the worm gear housing, the information
concerning different oil groups, handling of
oils, oil change intervals etc. given in chapter
‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page 185 must be well
known.
G0134411
1. Oil filling plug
2. Sight glass
3. Oil drain plug
1. Place a collecting tray under the drain hole,

remove the drain plug and drain off the oil.
CAUTION
Burn hazards
G0035921
Lubricating oil and various machine surfaces
can be sufficiently hot to cause burns. Burn hazards: The drained oil can be hot
2. Fill new oil in the worm gear housing. The oil

level should be exactly in the middle of the
sight glass:
Oil volume: approx. 12 litres.
Suitable oil brands can be found in ‘‘8.6.2
Recommended lubricating oils” on page 187.
G0262011
NOTE
During operation the oil level must be slightly The oil level must not be above the middle of the sight
below the middle of the sight glass. glass
If the oil level is too high, the lifetime of the

rolling bearings will be reduced due to high
temperature.
95
5.8 Vibration 5 Service Instructions
5.8 Vibration
5.8.1 Vibration analysis

Excessive vibration or noise indicates that
something is incorrect. Stop the separator and
identify the cause.
Use vibration analysis instrument to periodically
check and record the level of vibration. See the
illustration where to take measurements.
NOTE
The level of vibration should not exceed
11,2 mm/s at full speed.
G0582821
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Measuring points for vibration analysis
If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator

and keep bowl filled with liquid during
rundown.
The cause of the vibration must be identified
and corrected before the separator is
restarted. Excessive vibration can be due to
incorrect assembly or poor cleaning of the
bowl.
96
5 Service Instructions 5.8 Vibration

Adjustment of setpoint
The vibration switch is adjusted with the separator
in operation. The cover must be removed to gain
access to the setpoint adjusting screw (1).
1. Back-off the setpoint adjusting screw counter-
clockwise (A) two or three turns. Press the
reset button. If the armature does not remain
in the reset position, turn the adjusting screw
another turn or two until the armature stays in
position when the reset button is pressed.
2. Now turn the adjusting screw slowly
clockwise until the armature rocks. Mark this
position with a line immediately in front-of the
adjusting screw pointer (2).
3. Back-off the adjusting screw counter-
clockwise a three-quarter turn. Press the
reset button. If the armature now rocks, turn
the adjusting screw counter-clockwise
another quarter turn and so on until the
armature remains in the reset position.
G0546521
4. Refit the cap and fasten with the screws.
Setpoint adjustment
1. Adjusting screw
NOTE
2. Pointer
Further adjustment may become necessary if A. Direction of increased set point
(admit higher vibration)
alarm occurs due to vibration from
surrounding equipment.
97
5.9 Common maintenance directions 5 Service Instructions
5.9 Common
maintenance
directions
5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings

Special-design bearings for the bowl spindle
The bearings used for the bowl spindle are
special to withstand the speed, vibration,
temperature and load characteristics of high-
speed separators.
G0587321
Only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts should be
used.
1. Outer race
A bearing that in appearance looks equivalent to 2. Ball/roller
the correct may be considerably different in 3. Inner race
various respects: inside clearances, design and 4. Cage
tolerances of the cage and races as well as
material and heat treatment.
NOTE
Using an incorrect bearing can cause a
serious breakdown with damage to
equipment as a result.
Do not re-fit a used bearing. Always replace
it with a new.
Dismantling
For bearings where no driving-off sleeve is
included in the tool kit, remove the bearing from
its seat by using a puller. If possible, let the puller
engage the inner ring, then remove the bearing
with a steady force until the bearing bore
completely clears the entire length of the
cylindrical seat.
The puller should be accurately centered during
dismantling; otherwise, it is easy to damage the
G0587411
seating.
For bearings where no driving-off sleeve is included in

NOTE the tool kit, use a puller when removing bearings
Do not hit with a hammer directly on the
bearing.
98
5 Service Instructions 5.9 Common maintenance directions
Cleaning and inspection

Check shaft (spindle) end and/or bearing seat in
the housing for damage indicating that the
bearing has rotated on the shaft (spindle) and/or
in the housing respectively. Replace the
damaged part(s), if the faults cannot be remedied
by polishing.
Assembly
• Leave new bearings in original wrapping until
ready to fit. The anti-rust agent protecting a
new bearing should not be removed before
use.
• Use the greatest cleanliness when handling
the bearings.
• To facilitate assembly and also reduce the
risk of damage, first clean and then lightly oil
the bearing seating on shaft (spindle) or
alternatively in housing, with a thin oil.
G0587511
Clean and lightly oil the bearing seating before
assembly
99
• When assembling ball bearings, the bearings

must be heated in oil to max. 125 °C.
NOTE
Heat the bearing in a clean container.
Use only clean oil with a flash point above
250 °C.
G0587611
The bearing must be well covered by the oil
and not be in direct contact with the sides or The bearing must not be in direct contact with the
the bottom of the container. Place the container
bearing on some kind of support or
suspended in the oil bath.
WARNING
Burn hazards
Use protective gloves when handling the

heated bearings.
• There are several basic rules for assembling

cylindrical bore bearings:
− Never directly strike a bearing’s rings,
cage or rolling elements while
assembling. A ring may crack or metal
fragments break off.
− Never apply pressure to one ring in order
to assemble the other.
− Use an ordinary hammer. Hammers with
soft metal heads are unsuitable as
fragments of the metal may break off and
enter the bearing.
− Make sure the bearing is assembled at a
right angle to the shaft (spindle).
• If necessary use a driving-on sleeve that
abuts the ring which is to be assembled with
an interference fit, otherwise there is a risk
that the rolling elements and raceways may
G0587711
be damaged and premature failure may

follow.
Use a driving-on sleeve for bearings that are not
heated
100
5 Service Instructions 5.9 Common maintenance directions
Angular contact ball bearings

Always fit single-row angular contact ball
G0587211
bearings with the wide shoulder of the inner race
facing the axial load (upwards on a bowl spindle).
The wide shoulder of the inner race must face the
axial load
5.9.2 Before shutdowns

Before the separator is shut-down for a period of
time, the following must be carried out:
• Remove the bowl, according to instructions in
chapter ‘‘6 Dismantling/Assembly” on page
103.
NOTE
The bowl must not be left on the spindle
during standstill for more than one week.
Vibration in foundations can be transmitted
to the bowl and produce one-sided loading of
the bearings. The resultant indentations in
the ball bearing races can cause premature
bearing failure.
• Protect cleaned carbon steel parts against

corrosion by oiling. Separator parts that are
not assembled after cleaning must be wiped
and protected against dust and dirt.
• If the separator has been shut-down for more
than 3 months but less than 12 months, an
Intermediate Service (IS) has to be made. If
the shut-down period has been longer than
12 months, a Major Service (MS) should be
carried out.
101
102
6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.1 Introduction 104 6.7.3 Assembly 155

6.1.1 General directions 104
6.1.2 References to check points 105
6.1.3 Tools 105
6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS) 106

6.2.1 Exploded view 106
6.2.2 Dismantling 107
6.2.3 Assembly 108
6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS) 110

6.3.3 Assembly 117
6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism

(IS) 123
6.4.3 Assembly 127
6.5 Operating water device (IS) 132

6.5.3 Assembly 133
6.6 Vertical driving device (MS) 136

6.6.3 Assembly 143
6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS) 148

103
6.1 Introduction 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 General directions

The separator must be dismantled regularly for
cleaning and inspection.
The recommended intervals are stated in chapter
‘‘5.1.2 Maintenance intervals” on page 45.
DANGER
Entrapment hazard
Make sure that rotating parts have come to a

complete standstill before starting any
dismantling work.
The revolution counter and the motor fan
indicate if separator parts are rotating or not.
G0246221
The revolution counter indicates if the separator still is
The frame hood and heavy bowl parts must be rotating
lifted by hoist. Position the hoist directly above the
bowl centre. Use an endless sling and a lifting
hook with catch.
These parts must be handled carefully.
Do not place parts directly on the floor, but on a
clean rubber mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet.
NOTE
Never interchange bowl parts
To prevent mixing of parts, e.g. in an
installation comprising several machines of
the same type, the major bowl parts carry the
machine manufacturing number or its last
three digits.
104
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.1 Introduction
6.1.2 References to check points

In the text you will find references to the Check
point instructions in chapter 5. The references
appear in the text as in the following example:
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.5 Disc stack pressure” on page 60.
In this example, look up check point Disc stack
pressure in chapter 5 for further instructions.
6.1.3 Tools
Special tools from the tool kit must be used for
dismantling and assembly. The special tools are
specified in the Spare Parts Catalogue and are
shown as illustrations together with the
dismantling/assembly instructions.
NOTE
When lifting parts without weight
specifications, always use lifting straps with
the capacity of at least 500 kg.
105
6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame

hood (IS)
6.2.1 Exploded view
1. O-ring
2. Inlet pipe
3. Support
4. Pressure gauge
5. Rectangular ring
6. Support
7. Rectangular ring
8. Connecting housing
9. Sight glass
10. Screw
11. Protecting washer
12. Height adjusting ring(s)
13. Frame hood
14. Screw
15. Washer
G0691211
106
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS)
6.2.2 Dismantling
DANGER
Entrapment hazards
1. Make sure that rotating parts have come

G0246221
indicates if separator parts are rotating or
not.
2. To avoid accidental start, switch off and
S0051011
dismantling work.
The frame hood and the heavy bowl parts must

be lifted by means of a hoist. Position the hoist
exactly above the bowl centre. Use an endless
sling and a lifting hook with catch.
The parts must be handled carefully. Don’t place
parts directly on the floor, but on a clean rubber
mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet.
1. Disconnect and remove the hose for liquid
seal/displacement water.
2. Unscrew the inlet pipe and lift out carefully.
Left-hand thread!
G0002731
107
6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
3. Remove the inlet and outlet piping supports

and the connecting housing. Take care of the
rectangular rings.
G0691321
4. Remove the six screws for the frame hood
and lift it off by using the two lifting eyes.
S0078111
6.2.3 Assembly
1. Put the frame hood in place and tighten it with
the six screws.
G0530921
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.18 Oil paring disc; height position” on
page 83 (only when Major Service).
2. Fit the connecting housing and the inlet and

outlet piping supports. The rectangular rings
situated in between should be lubricated.
G0691311
108
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS)
3. Lubricate the O-ring of the inlet pipe.

Fit the inlet pipe and tighten it firmly.
Left-hand thread!
4. Connect the displacement/liquid seal water

hose.
DANGER
G0002741
always check direction of rotation, see ‘‘4.1.3
Ready for start” on page 38. If incorrect, vital
rotating parts could unscrew causing
disintegration of the machine.
109
6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.3 Bowl hood and disc

stack (IS)
6.3.1 Exploded view
G0692111
1. Paring chamber cover (small lock ring) 11. Bowl hood

2. O-ring 12. O-ring
3. Upper (water) paring disc 13. Seal ring
4. O-ring 14. Top disc
5. Sleeve with wings 15. Oil paring disc
6. O-ring 16. Level ring
7. Gasket 17. O-ring
8. Gravity/clarifier disc 18. Bowl disc
9. Lock ring 19. Wing insert
10. O-ring 20. Distributor
110
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS)
6.3.2 Dismantling
1. Unscrew the paring chamber cover using the
spanner.
Left-hand thread!
S0064711
G0531011
2. Remove the paring chamber cover, gasket
and gravity/clarifier disc. Force out the sleeve
with wings and the upper paring disc from the
cover.
G0710531
3. Apply the brake and unscrew the lock ring as
described below.
NOTE
Use an Alfa Laval compressing tool
(optional) to reduce shocks to bearings and
thread wear minimized when unscrewing the
large lock ring.
Unscrewing lock ring without using a

compressing tool
a. Unscrew the lock ring using the spanner.
Left-hand thread!
G0533431
S0066911
111
Unscrewing lock ring with a compressing

tool
a. Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood.
S0067611
G0531221
b. Fit the compressing tool by screwing the
pillar of the tool into the threads of the
distributor using the lever.
The switch on the compressing tool
should be in position 0.
S0067811
G0531311
c. Turn the switch to position 1 for
compression.
Compress the disc stack by pumping the
lever until the oil pressure is released
through the relief valve.
G0533621
d. Unscrew the large lock ring using the

spanner.
Left-hand thread!
S0066911
G0531421
112
e. Release the pressure in the compressing

tool and remove it from the lifting tool.
G0531311
4. Remove the lock ring.
NOTE
The lock ring must be kept lying horizontally
or it may become distorted. Even slightest
distortion could make it impossible to refit.
5. Separate the bowl hood from the bowl body

as described below before lifting off the bowl
hood.
Separating bowl hood without using a
compressing tool
a. Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood.
S0065411
b. Screw the spindle plate into the lifting G0531211
tool. Unscrew the spindle a few turns if

the plate is not in contact with the lifting
tool.
S0064511
G0543731
c. Screw home the spindle until the bowl

hood loosens from the bowl body.
d. Remove the spindle plate from the lifting
tool.
113
Separating bowl hood with a compressing

tool
a. Remove the lifting tool from the bowl
hood.
pole of the tool into the threads of the
distributor using the lever.
G0543911
The switch on the compressing tool
c. Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood.
d. Turn the switch to position 2 for
expansion.
Separate the bowl hood from the bowl
body by pumping the lever.
e. Remove the lifting tool and the
G0544011
compressing tool. Then refit the lifting
tool.
6. Lift off the bowl hood using a hoist. Be careful
not to scratch the bowl hood seal ring.
CAUTION
Crush hazards
If the top disc is stuck into the bowl hood,

remove it now before it accidentally falls out.
G0539911
114
7. Remove the top disc.
G0531711
8. Screw the inlet pipe into the paring disc
located above the level ring inside the top
disc.
Left-hand thread!
Place the top disc onto wooden blocks to act
as protection for the top disc edge and for
falling level ring. Place a piece of wood
between the tin hammer and the inlet pipe
and then force out the level ring and the
paring disc carefully from the top disc.
G0589611
115
9. Fit the lifting tool into the distributor and lift

the distributor with disc stack out of the bowl
body using a hoist.
S0064911
10. Remove deposits and clean all parts

thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. See
chapter ‘‘5.6 Cleaning” on page 88.
G0531921
116
6.3.3 Assembly
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.3 Corrosion” on page 56,
‘‘5.3.4 Cracks” on page 59,
‘‘5.3.6 Erosion” on page 62,
‘‘5.3.10 Lock ring; wear and damage” on
page 67.
1. Assemble the discs one by one on the
distributor. The distributor has one guide rib
for the correct positioning of the discs.
CAUTION
Cut hazard
Sharp edges on the separator discs may

cause cuts.
G0603111
For correct number of discs above and below
the wing insert when the machine was new,
see the Spare Parts Catalogue.
The number of bowl discs above the wing
insert may be increased to adjust the disc
stack pressure.
2. Fit the lifting tool to the distributor and lift the
distributor with disc stack into the sliding bowl
bottom using a hoist.
S0064911
Check that the guide pins in the distributing

cone fit into the recesses on the underside of
the distributor.
G0531921
117
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.9 Level ring” on page 66.
‘‘5.3.8 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc” on page
66
3. Fit the oil paring disc and level ring with the
O-ring into the top disc.
Make sure that the paring disc is positioned in
the right direction.
G0532111
4. Fit the top disc onto the distributor. The drilled
assembly mark on the top disc must face the
guide lug on the bowl body.
G0531721
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring” on page 55.
5. Fit the lifting tool to the bowl hood and lift it
using a hoist. Check that the O-ring and the
seal ring of the bowl hood are properly fitted
and lubricated.
Lower the bowl hood straight down onto the
disc stack, otherwise it may get stuck. Be
careful not to scratch the bowl hood seal ring.
S0065411
In set of tools without compressing tool.

G0539911
S0067611
In set of tools with compressing tool.
For correct position of bowl hood, see next

illustration.
118
6. Check that the guide recess on the bowl hood

enters the guide lug in the bowl body.
G0535621
7. Remove the lifting tool.
8. Lubricate the lock ring threads, contact and
guide surfaces with lubricating paste.
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.16 Lock ring; priming” on page 81 (only
when Major Service).
G0581211
9. Tighten the lock ring.
NOTE
Use an Alfa Laval compressing tool
(optional) to reduce shocks to bearings and
thread wear minimized when tightening the
large lock ring
Tightening of lock ring without using a

compressing tool
a. Tighten the lock ring using the spanner
for lock ring.
Left-hand thread!
G0533441
S0066911
119
b. Tighten until the assembly marks are at

least in line.
✔ Check point
A
NOTE
The assembly marks must never pass each
other more than 25° which corresponds to
A=100 mm.
G0578131
(MAX 25 )
Tightening of lock ring using a

compressing tool
a. Fit the lifting tool onto the bowl hood.
G0531211
S0067611

pole of the tool into the threads of the
distributor by the lever arm.
The switch on the compressing tool,
S0067811
G0531311
c. Turn the switch to position 1 for

compression.
Compress the disc stack by pumping with
the lever arm until the oil pressure is
released through the relief valve.
G0533621
120
d. Tighten the lock ring using the spanner

for lock ring.
Left-hand thread!
S0066911
G0531431
e. Tighten until the assembly marks are in
line.
✔ Check point
A
NOTE
The assembly marks must never pass each
other more than 25 ° which corresponds to
A=100 mm.
G0578131
(MAX 25 )
f. Release the pressure in the compressing
tool by turning the switch to position 0
and then remove the compressing and
lifting tools.
10. Fit the gravity/clarifier disc and gasket.
If the gravity disc has two drilled holes, check
that they are free from dirt.
11. Fit the upper (water) paring disc and the
sleeve with wings in the paring chamber
cover.
G0710541
121
12. Fit and tighten the paring chamber cover

using the spanner.
Left-hand thread!
S0064711
G0531021
122
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS)
6.4 Bowl body and

operating mechanism
(IS)
6.4.1 Exploded view
1. Cap nut
3. O-ring
4. Sliding bowl bottom
5. Rectangular ring
6. Screw
7. Nozzle, 2,5 mm
8. Bowl body
9. Plug
10. O-ring
11. Valve plug
12. Operating slide
13. Nozzle, 1,1 mm
14. O-ring
15. Spring
16. Spring holder
17. Screw
G0692211
123
6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.4.2 Dismantling
1. Unscrew and remove the cap nut.
Left-hand thread!
S0067011
G0589711
2. Fit the lifting tool into the distributing cone and
lift it out.
S0064911
G0532721
3. Fit the lifting tool onto the sliding bowl bottom
and lift it out by a hoist. G0533211
124
4. Unscrew the three screws in the bottom of the

bowl body.
G0532811
5. Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body bottom
with the three screws.
6. Release the bowl body from the spindle by
using the lifting tool as a puller. Turn the
handle at top of the lifting tool until the bowl
body comes loose from the spindle taper.
Turn the handle two more turns in order to
avoid damaging the paring disc device.
G0532911
7. Lift out the bowl body using a hoist.
G0533311
125
8. Thread a strap through two sludge ports and

turn the bowl body upside down using a hoist.
WARNING
Crush hazards
Support the bowl body when turning to

prevent it from rolling.
G0615821
9. Loosen the screws for the spring holder
successively a little at a time. Remove the
screws.
G0689011
10. Remove the spring holder and the springs.

G0004451
126
11. Fit two lifting eyes (½”-13 UNC) into the

operating slide and lift it off from the bowl
body.
S0078111
G0536531
12. Place the operating slide with the valve plugs
facing upwards
13. Remove any thick deposits in the frame hood
and clean all other parts thoroughly in a
suitable cleaning agent. See chapter ‘‘5.6
Cleaning” on page 88.
G0536621
6.4.3 Assembly
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.3 Corrosion” on page 56,
‘‘5.3.4 Cracks” on page 59,
‘‘5.3.6 Erosion” on page 62,
‘‘5.3.7 Guide surfaces” on page 64,
‘‘5.3.11 Operating mechanism” on page 69,
‘‘5.3.12 Operating slide” on page 69,
‘‘5.3.13 Sliding bowl bottom” on page 70,
‘‘5.3.14 Springs for operating mechanism” on
page 71.
1. Lubricate the guide surfaces of the bowl body
and operating slide with lubricating paste.
See chapter ‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page 185.
G0691711
127
2. Fit the operating slide onto the bowl body.

Check that the guide pin in the bowl body
enters the hole in the operating slide.
S0078111
G0536531
3. Lubricate the guide surfaces and O-ring of
the spring holder. See chapter ‘‘8.6
Lubricants” on page 185.
Fit the springs and support.
G0004441
4. Lubricate and then tighten the three screws
for the spring holder successively by hand a
little at a time.
G0004921
5. Wipe off the spindle top and nave bore in the

bowl body. Lubricate the tapered end of the
spindle and wipe it off with a clean cloth.
✔ Check point
‘‘5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone and bowl body
nave” on page 56.
G0522611
128
6. Turn the bowl body using a hoist to its up-

right position with a strap threaded through
two sludge ports.
WARNING
Crush hazards
Support bowl body when turning to prevent it

from rolling.
G0615821
7. Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body bottom
with the three screws.
Turn the handle at the top of the lifting tool so
that the central screw is home.
S0064611
8. Lower the bowl body using a hoist until the

central screw rests on the spindle top. Then
G0533341
screw up the central screw so that the bowl
body sinks down onto the spindle.
Remove the tool.
9. Rotate the bowl body and align it so that the
three screw holes in the bowl body bottom
are exactly above the three holes in the
distributing ring.
Tighten the three screws firmly.
G0532811
129
10. Lubricate the guide surfaces of the bowl body

and sliding bowl bottom with lubricating
paste. See chapter ‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page
185.
11. Fit the lifting tool to the sliding bowl bottom
and lift it into the bowl body using a hoist.
For correct position of the sliding bowl
bottom, see next illustration.
G0533211
12. Bring the assembly mark on the sliding bowl
bottom in line with the guide lug on the bowl
body to ensure that the sliding bowl bottom
enters into the correct position.
G0535711
13. Fit the distributing cone into the bowl body.
Check that the guide pins on the underside of
the distributing cone enter the recesses in the
sliding bowl bottom.
S0064911
G0532721
130
14. Screw on the cap nut and tighten firmly.

Left-hand thread!
G0589721
131
6.5 Operating water device (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.5 Operating water

device (IS)
6.5.1 Exploded view
1. Ring nut
2. Operating paring disc
3. O-ring
4. Distributing ring
5. Gasket
7. Gasket
8. Sleeve
9. Height adjusting ring
10. Operating device
Guide
G0691911
G0691811
132
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.5 Operating water device (IS)
6.5.2 Dismantling
1. Disconnect the water hoses to the operating
water inlet device.
2. Loosen and pull out the device from the
distributing cover.
G0692021
3. Ease off the ring nut (1).
4. Lift out the paring disc assembly (2).
5. Unscrew the screws fixing the distributing
cover (3) and lift it out.
6. Dismantle the parts in the sequence
appearing from the illustration on previous
page.

thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. Pay
special attention to the channels. See chapter
‘‘5.6 Cleaning” on page 88.
8. Check the parts for damage and corrosion.
G0691921
6.5.3 Assembly
1. Assemble the parts in the sequence 1. Ring nut
appearing from the illustration on page 132. 2. Paring disc assembly
See also following text.
Ensure the parts are placed in the positions
defined by the guides.
2. Fit the height adjusting ring(s) (4) and
distributing cover (3) including the sleeve.
3. Fasten the distributing cover with the six
screws.
4. Fit the paring disc assembly (2) and tighten
the ring nut (1).
133
6.5 Operating water device (IS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.20 Operating paring disc; height
position” on page 84. Only at Major Service
(MS).
5. Fit the operating water inlet device into the

distributing cover.
6. Connect the water hoses to the device.
372. Opening water inlet

376. Closing and make-up water inlet
G0692041
134
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.5 Operating water device (IS)
135
6.6 Vertical driving device (MS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.6 Vertical driving

device (MS)
6.6.1 Exploded view
G0546421
136
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.6 Vertical driving device (MS)
1. Protecting plate
2. O-ring
3. Protecting collar
4. Guard
5. O-ring
6. Ball bearing housing
7. Spring casing
8. Gasket
9. Oil fan
10. Ball bearing
11. Screw
12. Screw
13. Screw
14. Spring washer
15. Buffer
16. Spring
17. Buffer plug
18. Bowl spindle
19. Stop sleeve
20. Ball bearing
21. Worm
22. Ball bearing
23. Conveyor
24. Ball bearing
25. Spacing washer
26. Ball bearing
27. Washer
28. Ball
29. Support ring
31. Spacing sleeve
32. Bottom sleeve
33. Slotted pin
34. Ball
35. Bottom bearing housing
36. Washer
37. Screw
38. Gasket
137
6.6.2 Dismantling
NOTE
Clean the space in the bowl casing
thoroughly before starting to dismantle the
bowl spindle to prevent contaminations
falling down into the oil gear housing.
1. Unscrew the six screws and remove the hood

and O-ring.
G0139131
2. Unscrew the three screws and remove the
protecting plate, O-ring and protecting collar.
G0132031
3. Unscrew the six screws and remove the

guard and O-ring.
G0132141
138
4. Loosen (but do not remove) the six screw

plugs for the buffers with a spanner and a
hammer.
G0132231
5. Unscrew the six screw plugs and remove the
springs. Move the spindle top a few turns in a
circle while pressing outwards. This will
disengage buffers from the ball bearing
housing.
G0536721
6. Remove the six buffers from the spring
casing.
G0522421
7. Unscrew the six screws holding the spring
casing.
G0132421
139
8. Prize out the ball bearing housing from the

spring casing with a screw driver.
9. Remove the spring casing and gasket.
G0545011
10. Drain the oil from the worm gear housing.
CAUTION
Burn hazards
G0035921
can be hot and cause burns.
11. Remove the brake cover and revolution

counter cap and their gaskets.
G0127911
12. Knock out the taper pin from the worm wheel
stop ring.
G0524511
140
13. Push the worm wheel to one side before

removing the spindle. If worm wheel is stuck
use a piece of wood to loosen it.
G0128111
14. Fit the lifting tool onto the spindle and lift out
using the hoist.
S0066811
G0524811
15. Pull off the ball bearing (1) together with the
spacing washer (2) and upper ball race (3) for
the axial bottom ball bearing.
G0545321
16. Remove the conveyor (4) for worm.
17. Remove the oil fan (5).
18. Remove the worm and stop sleeve from the

spindle. Pull off ball bearings from the worm.
Use a washer (a) as a support for the puller.
G0128421
141
19. Drive off the top ball bearing from the sleeve
spindle with the driving-off sleeve. Use a
wooden plank or similar as a soft base for the
spindle top.
S0066611
G0537511
20. Lift out the axial bottom ball bearing and the
washer beneath using the lifting pin.
S0066711
G0136641
21. Lift out the bottom sleeve using the lifting pin.
G0136631
22. Knock the slotted pin (1) out of the spacing

sleeve (2) and remove it. Unscrew support
plug (3) using two screws (4) with threads 1/
4”-20 UNC to make height adjusting ring (5)
accessible.
G0136531

142
6.6.3 Assembly
1. Fit the bottom sleeve with mounted parts
(rings and sleeve) into the bottom bearing
housing. Use the lifting pin.
S0066711
Check that one ball is fitted both on top and
bottom of the bottom sleeve.
G0546611
2. Fit the washer and the ball bearing onto the
bottom sleeve.
G0136641
When mounting ball bearings on the spindle
and worm as described below, the bearings
must be heated in oil to max. 125 °C.
WARNING
Burn hazards

heated bearings.
NOTE
If any doubt how to mount roller bearings in a
correct way, see the detailed description in
chapter ‘‘5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings” on
page 98.
3. Heat the ball bearing and fit it on the spindle.

G0545411
143
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.24 Worm; wear of groove” on page 85.
4. Heat the two ball bearings and fit them on the
worm.
G0602011
5. Fit the stop sleeve (1) and the worm (2) on
the spindle.
G0545221
6. Fit the ball bearing (1) on the spindle. Then fit
the spacing washer (2) and upper ball race
(3) for the axial bottom bearing. The ball race
must be heated.
G0545321
7. Fit the conveyor (4) and the oil fan (5).
8. Fit the lifting tool to the spindle and lift it using

a hoist.
S0066811
G0524811
144
9. Carefully lower the spindle into the frame and

guide the spindle into the right position in the
bottom bearing housing so the ball bearings
enter their seats. If the ball bearings do not
completely enter their seats, tap the spindle
top gently with a tin hammer.
G0133311
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.6 Buffer springs and ball bearing
housing” on page 75.
10. Fit the spring casing with gasket and ball
bearing housing. Position the flat surfaces of
the ball bearing housing in front of the buffer
holes in the spring casing.
G0524921
11. Tighten the six screws for the spring casing.
G0132421
12. Fit the buffers, springs and screw plugs.

G0522421
145
13. Tighten the six screw plugs.
G0133431
14. Fit the guard with O-ring and tighten the six
screws.
G0132141
15. Fit the protecting collar with O-ring and
protecting plate.
NOTE
Check that the protecting collar is in the
bottom position before tightening the
protecting plate.
Tighten the three screws for the protecting

G0132031
plate.
146
16. Fit the hood with O-ring and tighten the six
screws.
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.3 Bowl spindle; height position” on page
73.
G0139131
17. Match the worm wheel with the teeth in the
worm of the bowl spindle. Knock the taper pin
into the worm wheel stop ring.
✔ Check points
‘‘5.4.26 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble” on
page 86,
‘‘5.4.4 Bowl spindle; radial wobble” on page
74.
G0524521
18. Pour oil into worm gear housing. The oil level
should be exactly in the middle of the sight
glass.
For correct oil volume and recommended oil
brands, see chapter ‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page
185.
G0262011
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.5 Brake” on page 74.
19. Fit the brake cover and revolution counter
cap and their gaskets.
G0537311
147
6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS) 6 Dismantling/Assembly
6.7 Horizontal driving

device (MS)
6.7.1 Exploded view
G0591221
148
6 Dismantling/Assembly 6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS)
1. Ball bearing
2. Screw
3. Spring washer
4. Round nut
5. Lock washer
6. Bearing shield
7. Spring washer
8. Nut
9. Oil shield
10. Taper pin
11. Stop ring
12. Worm wheel
13. Ball bearing
14. Sealing ring
15. Sealing washer
16. O-ring
17. Worm-wheel shaft with coupling drum
18. Nave
19. Friction block
20. Friction pad
21. Holding bracket
22. Ball bearing
23. Spacing sleeve
24. Ball bearing
25. Lock washer
26. Round nut
27. Gasket
28. Coupling disc
29. Elastic plate
149
6.7.2 Dismantling
DANGER
Entrapment hazards
1. Make sure that rotating parts have come

G0246221
indicates if separator parts are rotating or
not.
2. To avoid accidental start, switch off and
S0051011
dismantling work.
The parts must be handled carefully. Don’t place

parts directly on the floor, but on a clean rubber
mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet.
If the bowl spindle has been removed according
to earlier description, points 1-3 below are already
done. Proceed then with point 4.
1. Drain the oil from the worm gear housing.
CAUTION
Burn hazards
G0035921

can be hot and cause burns.
2. Remove the brake cover and revolution

counter cap and their gaskets.
G0127911
150
3. Knock out the taper pin from the worm wheel

stop ring.
G0524511
4. Remove the bearing shield and gasket.
G0538021
5. Unscrew the two nuts holding the oil shield.
The shield can not be removed from the
housing before the bearing shield is moved.
G0602911
6. Unscrew the four screws for the bearing

shield and remove it together with the oil
shield.
G0525521
151
7. Unscrew and remove the round nut and lock

washer.
S0066411
G0525421
8. Remove the ball bearing.
G0522311
9. Remove the stop ring and worm wheel with
ball bearing.
G0522211
10. Pull off the ball bearing from the worm wheel.
Use a washer as a support for the puller.
G0547611
152
11. Disconnect the motor cables. Note the

positions of cables in the terminal box to re-
connect correctly (for correct direction of
rotation).
G0524621
12. Remove the electric motor using a hoist.
13. Remove the flexible plate and unscrew the
six screws for the coupling disc and remove
it.
G0524711
14. Remove the worm wheel shaft with friction
clutch pulley.
G0522111
153
15. To dismantle the nave, unscrew the round nut

with the pin spanner and remove the lock
washer.
S0066411
G0522021
16. Pull off the nave with the puller and remove
the friction blocks.
S0065511
G0525021
17. Remove the sealing washer using two screws
with 1/4”-20 UNC threads.
G0522921
18. Remove the sealing ring from the sealing
washer.
G0525111
154
6.7.3 Assembly
1. Lubricate the O-ring on the sealing washer
periphery and the sealing ring with silicone
grease. Fit the sealing washer in frame and
check that the sealing ring is fitted in the
correct direction, as illustrated.
G0522921
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.7 Coupling friction pads” on page 77.
2. Fit the friction blocks (3) with pads (2) on the
nave and lock them with holding brackets (4).
Lubricate the ball bearings.
For recommended lubricants, see chapter
‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page 185.
3. Fit the ball bearings (1) and spacing sleeve
(5) with the driving on sleeve tool to force the
ball bearings into their correct positions.
G0283741
S0066311
4. Tighten the round nut with the pin spanner

and secure it with the lock washer.
S0066411
G0522011
5. Fit the worm wheel shaft.

G0522111
155
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.25 Worm wheel and worm; wear of
teeth” on page 85.
6. Heat the ball bearing and fit it on the worm
wheel.
When mounting the ball bearings on the
G0547711
worm wheel and shaft, the bearings must be
heated in oil to max. 125 °C.
WARNING
Burn hazards

heated bearings.
NOTE
If any doubt how to mount roller bearings in a
correct way, see the detailed description in
chapter ‘‘5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings” on
page 98.
7. Fit the worm wheel with the ball bearing and

fit the stop ring.
G0522211
8. Fit the ball bearing.

G0522311
156
9. Knock the ball bearing into its seat with the

driving-on sleeve tool.
S0066311
G0524421
10. Tighten the round nut with the pin spanner
and secure it with the lock washer.
S0066411
G0525421
11. Fit the bearing shield together with the oil
shield. Tighten the four screws for the bearing
shield.
G0525511
157
12. Tighten the two nuts holding the oil shield in

the bearing shield.
G0602911
13. Fit the coupling disc with gasket and tighten
the six screws. If necessary, use the driving-
on sleeve.
14. Fit the flexible plate.
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.12 Flexible plate in coupling” on page
79.
15. Fit the electric motor. G0524711
DANGER

always check direction of rotation, see ‘‘4.1.3
Ready for start” on page 38. If incorrect, vital
rotating parts could unscrew causing
disintegration of the machine.
G0524621
158
The remaining description in this section implies

that the bowl spindle is mounted in the frame. If
not, proceed with the assembly instruction for the
vertical driving device in chapter ‘‘6.6.3
Assembly” on page 143.
16. Match the worm wheel with the teeth in the

worm of the bowl spindle. Knock the taper pin
into the worm wheel stop ring.
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.26 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble” on
page 86.
G0524521
17. Fit the bearing shield. Fit the gasket and
bearing shield. The parts can be fitted only in
one position because of the asymmetrical
positioned screw holes.
G0538021
18. Pour oil into worm gear housing. The oil level
should be exactly in the middle of the sight
glass.
Oil volume: Approx. 12 litres.
For recommended oil brands, see chapter
‘‘8.6 Lubricants” on page 185.
G0262011
✔ Check point
‘‘5.4.5 Brake” on page 74.
19. Fit the brake cover and revolution counter

cap and their gaskets.
G0537311
159
160
7 Trouble-tracing
Contents
7.1 Mechanical functions 172 7.5 Vibration switch (option) 182

7.1.1 Separator vibrates 172 7.5.1 Vibration switch does not reset 182
7.1.2 Smell 173 7.5.2 Impossible to adjust setpoint
7.1.3 Noise 173 setting to obtain tripping 182
7.1.4 Speed too low 173 7.5.3 Vibration switch does not reset 182
7.1.5 Starting power too high 174
7.1.6 Starting power too low 174
7.1.7 Starting time too long 174
7.1.8 Retardation time too long 175
7.1.9 Water in worm gear housing 175
Trouble-tracing
7.2 Separating functions,
purification and clarification 176
7.2.1 Liquid flows through the bowl
casing drain and/or sludge outlet 176
Study the
System Manual’s
7.2.2 Bowl opens accidentally during
Trouble-tracing
operation 177
chapter first
7.2.3 Bowl fails to open for (if applicable).
sludge discharge 177
7.2.4 Unsatisfactory sludge discharge 178
7.2.5 High pressure in oil outlet 178

purification only 179
If the problem is not solved
7.3.1 Unsatisfactory separation result 179 in the System Manual’s
7.3.2 Outgoing water contains oil 179 Trouble-tracing, continue
7.3.3 Oil discharges through water outlet with this chapter.
(broken water seal) 180

clarification only 181
7.4.1 Unsatisfactory separation result 181
7.4.2 Oil discharges through water outlet 181
161
7.1 Mechanical functions 7 Trouble-tracing
7.1 Mechanical functions
7.1.1 Separator vibrates
NOTE
Some vibration is normal during the starting and stopping sequences when the separator
passes through its critical speed.
DANGER
If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator and keep bowl filled with liquid during rundown.
The cause of the vibration must be identified and corrected before the separator is restarted.
Excessive vibration may be due to incorrect assembly or poor cleaning of the bowl.
Cause Corrective actions Page
Bowl out of balance due to: Dismantle the separator and check the 117
- poor cleaning assembly and cleaning.
- incorrect assembly Check the number of bowl discs, compare
- incorrect disc stack compression with the number in Spare Parts Catalogue.
- bowl assembled with parts from other If necessary, rebalance the bowl.
separators
Uneven sludge deposits in the sludge Dismantle and clean the separator bowl 111
space
Height adjustment of the oil paring disc is Stop the separator, measure and if 83
incorrect necessary adjust the height
Bowl spindle bent (max 0,04 mm) Renew the bowl spindle 74
Bearing is damaged or worn Renew all bearings 136, 148
Vibration damping rubber cushions are Renew all rubber cushion 54

worn out
Spindle top bearing spring broken Renew all springs 136
162
7 Trouble-tracing 7.1 Mechanical functions
7.1.2 Smell
Normal occurrence during start while the None –

friction blocks are slipping
Brake is applied Release the brake –
Oil level in gear housing too low Check oil level and add oil if necessary 38
7.1.3 Noise
Oil level in gear housing too low Check oil level and add oil if necessary 38
Height adjustment of the oil paring disc is Stop the separator, measure and adjust 83
incorrect the height
Worm wheel and worm are worn Renew worm wheel and worm 92
Incorrect play between coupling pulley Adjust the play 79

and elastic plate
7.1.4 Speed too low
Coupling friction pads are oily or worn Clean or renew friction pads 77
Bowl is leaking or not closed Dismantle the bowl and check 110
Motor failure Repair the motor –
Bearing is damaged Renew all bearings 136, 148
Incorrect gear transmission (60 Hz gear Stop and change the gear transmission 92, 136,
for 50 Hz power supply) to suit the power supply frequency 148
Incorrect coupling friction blocks (60 Hz Change the friction blocks to suit the 77
blocks for 50 Hz power supply) power supply frequency
163
7.1 Mechanical functions 7 Trouble-tracing
7.1.5 Starting power too high
Incorrect friction blocks (50 Hz blocks for

60 Hz power supply)
DANGER
Stop immediately and change the friction 77
blocks to suit the power supply frequency
Wrong direction of rotation Change electrical phase connections to the –

motor
7.1.6 Starting power too low
Incorrect friction blocks (60 Hz blocks for Stop immediately and change the friction 77
50 Hz power supply) blocks to suit the power supply frequency
Coupling friction pads are oily or worn Clean or renew friction pads 77
7.1.7 Starting time too long
Coupling friction pads are oily or worn Renew or clean friction pads 77
Height position of oil paring disc or Stop, check and adjust the height 77, 84
operating device is incorrect
164
7 Trouble-tracing 7.1 Mechanical functions
7.1.8 Retardation time too long
Brake friction pad is worn or oily Renew or clean friction pad 74
7.1.9 Water in worm gear housing
Bowl casing drain obstructed Clean the casing and the drains properly. 92
The drains have connection Nos. 462 and
463 on the Basic size drawing. 176,
Solve the reason for obstruction.
Clean worm gear housing and change oil.
Leakage at top bearing Renew seal ring and change oil 136, 95
Condensation Clean worm gear housing and change oil 95
165
7.2 Separating functions, purification and clarification 7 Trouble-tracing

purification and
clarification
7.2.1 Liquid flows through the

bowl casing drain and/or
sludge outlet
Sludge discharge or water draining in None (normal) –

progress
The water line is obstructed or the water Check water pressure/flow: –

pressure/flow is too low Closing water pressure, 20-30 kPa
Closing water flow, min. 18 litres/minute
Channels in operating water device are Clean the operating water device 132
clogged
Gasket at the gravity/clarifier disc Renew the gasket 110

defective
Paring chamber cover (small lock ring) Renew the paring chamber cover 110
defective
Seal ring in the bowl hood defective Renew the seal ring 110
Sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom Smoothen sealing edge of the sliding bowl 70
defective bottom or renew it
Valve plugs are defective Renew all valve plugs 69
Bowl speed too low See section ‘‘7.1.4 Speed too low” on page –
163 in this chapter
166
7 Trouble-tracing 7.2 Separating functions, purification and clarification
7.2.2 Bowl opens accidentally

during operation
Strainer in the operating water supply is Clean the strainer –

clogged
No water in the operating water system Check the operating water system and –
make sure the valve(s) are open
Water connections to the separator are Correct –

incorrectly fitted
Nozzle in the operating slide is clogged Clean the nozzle. Carry out an Intermediate 124
Service (IS)
Square-sectioned ring in sliding bowl Renew the square-sectioned ring. Carry out 70
bottom is defective an Intermediate Service (IS)
Valve plugs are defective Renew all plugs. Carry out an Intermediate 69
Service (IS)
Supply valve for opening water is leaking Rectify the leak –
7.2.3 Bowl fails to open for sludge

discharge
Strainer in the operating water supply is Clean the strainer –

clogged
Supply valve for opening water is closed Open
Seal rings in operating water device Renew the seal rings 132
defective
Water flow too low Check the opening water flow; –

min. 18 litres/minute
Seal ring in the operating slide is Renew the seal ring. Carry out an 123
defective Intermediate Service (IS)
167
7.2 Separating functions, purification and clarification 7 Trouble-tracing
7.2.4 Unsatisfactory sludge

discharge
Valve plugs in the operating slide too Renew with correct valve plugs 69
high
Sludge deposits in the operating system Check and clean the operating system 123, 132
7.2.5 High pressure in oil outlet
Throughput too high Adjust –
Valve(s) in oil outlet line closed Open the valve(s) and adjust the oil outlet –
pressure to 1,5 bar
168
7 Trouble-tracing 7.3 Separating functions, purification only

purification only
7.3.1 Unsatisfactory separation

result
Gravity disc hole too small Use a disc with larger hole 35
Incorrect separation temperature Adjust –
Disc stack is clogged Clean disc stack 90
Sludge space in bowl is filled Clean and reduce the time between sludge 90
discharges
Bowl speed too low See ‘‘7.1.4 Speed too low” on page 163 –
7.3.2 Outgoing water contains oil
Gravity disc hole too large Use a disc with smaller hole 35

No or insufficient sealing/displacement Rectify the water supply –

water supply (206)
O-rings on the upper (water) paring disc Renew the O-rings 110
are defective
Gasket/O-ring at the gravity disc or Renew the gasket/O-ring 110

paring chamber cover is defective
169
7.3 Separating functions, purification only 7 Trouble-tracing
7.3.3 Oil discharges through

water outlet (broken water
seal)
Gravity disc size too large Use a disc of smaller size 35

No or insufficient sealing/displacement Rectify the water supply –

water supply (206)
Valve(s) in oil outlet line is closed Open the valve(s) –
Sealing water volume is too small Check the water supply flow (min. 23 litres/ –
minute)
Gasket/O-ring at the gravity disc or Renew the gasket/O-ring 110

paring chamber cover is defective
Disc stack is clogged Clean the disc stack 110
Bowl hood seal ring defective or the Renew the seal ring. Polish the surface on 110
sealing surface of sliding bowl bottom is sliding bowl bottom or renew it
damaged
Rectangular seal ring in sliding bowl Renew the seal ring 123
bottom is defective
Bowl speed to low Check that the brake is released. Examine 92, 148
the motor and power transmission including
the gear ratio
Bowl is incorrectly assembled Check the assembly 110
170
7 Trouble-tracing 7.4 Separating functions, clarification only

clarification only
7.4.1 Unsatisfactory separation

result
Feed oil contains water 1. Check preceeding purifier when

operating in series –
2. Reduce the time between discharges –
3. Operate the separator as purifier 35
Bowl disc stack is clogged Clean the disc stack 106
Sludge space in bowl is filled Clean and reduce the time between 110
discharges
Bowl speed too low Check that the brake is released. Examine 110
the motor and power transmission including
the gear ratio
7.4.2 Oil discharges through

water outlet
Valve(s) in oil outlet line is closed Open the valve(s) –
Bowl disc stack is clogged Clean the disc stack 110
O-rings on the upper (water) paring disc Renew the O-rings 110
are defective
Bowl is incorrectly assembled Check the assembly 110
171
7.5 Vibration switch (option) 7 Trouble-tracing
7.5 Vibration switch

(option)
7.5.1 Vibration switch does not

reset
Dirt or iron chips on magnets Clean magnets –
Leaf spring broken Return to Alfa Laval for repair –
Reset coil open Check for continuity and proper coil –

resistance
7.5.2 Impossible to adjust

setpoint setting to obtain
tripping
Incorrect air gap between hold-down Readjust the air gap with the stop pin screw –
magnet (lower) and armature in switch
7.5.3 Vibration switch does not

reset
Defective switch Replace and verify by manually moving the –

armature to the latched (tripped) position
and listen for an audible click. Verify contact
by performing a continuity check
Incorrect position Check that the switch plunger is just free of –

the armature when in the set (un-tripped)
position
172
8 Technical Reference
Contents
8.1 Technical data 174 8.8 Storage and installation 201

8.8.1 Introduction 201
8.2 Basic size drawing 176 8.8.2 Storage and transport of goods 201
8.2.1 Separator excl. connections 176 8.8.3 Planning of installation 203
8.2.2 Dimensions of connections 177 8.8.4 Foundations 205
8.3 Connection list 178
8.4 Interface description 180

8.4.1 General 180
8.4.2 Definitions 180
8.4.3 Component description and signal
processing 181
8.4.4 Function graph and running limitations
183
8.5 Water quality 184
8.6 Lubricants 185

8.6.1 Lubrication chart, general 185
8.6.2 Recommended lubricating oils 187
8.6.3 Recommended oil brands 188
8.6.4 Recommended lubricants 191
8.7 Other drawings 194

8.7.1 Foundations 194
8.7.2 Electric motor 12 kW
(land application) 195
(marine application) 196
8.7.4 Machine plates and safety labels 198
8.7.5 Vibration sensor (option) 200
8.7.6 Cover interlocking switch (option) 200
173
8.1 Technical data 8 Technical Reference
8.1 Technical data

Alfa Laval ref. 557309, rev. 0
NOTE
The separator is a component operating in an integrated system including a monitoring
system. If the technical data in the system description do not agree with the technical data
in this instruction manual, the data in the system description shall apply.
3URGXFWQXPEHU 881077-06-01
6HSDUDWRUW\SH GT 12
$SSOLFDWLRQ Purification or clarification of low and high viscosity
fuel oils and lubricating oils.
The flash point of the oils to be separated must be
min. 60 °C.
Intended for both land and marine applications.
'HQVLW\RIRSHUDWLQJZDWHUPD[ 1 000 kg/m3
'HQVLW\RIVHGLPHQWIHHGPD[ 1 498/1 100 kg/m3
+\GUDXOLFFDSDFLW\PD[ 14 000 litres/hour
)HHGWHPSHUDWXUHPLQPD[ 0/100 °C
$PELHQWWHPSHUDWXUHPLQPD[ 5-15/55 °C The min. temperature is dependent
of the used oil type. See ‘‘8.6.2
Recommended lubricating oils” on
page 187.
%RZOVSHHGPD[ 5175/5142 r/min., 50/60 Hz
0RWRUVKDIWVSHHGPD[ 1500/1800 r/min., 50/60 Hz
5HYROXWLRQFRXQWHU 118-125 / 142-150 r/min., 50/60 Hz
1RRIWHHWK
RQZRUP+] 20
RQZRUP+] 21
RQZRUPZKHHO+] 69
RQZRUPZKHHO+] 60
/XEULFDWLQJYROXPH approx. 12 litres
0RWRUSRZHUUDWLQJ 11 kW
3RZHUFRQVXPSWLRQPD[ 16 kW (at starting up)
'LVFKDUJHLQWHUYDOPLQPD[ 1/240 minutes
%RZOYROXPH 13 litres
174
8 Technical Reference 8.1 Technical data
6WDUWLQJWLPH 3-4 minutes

6WRSSLQJWLPHZLWKEUDNH 4-7 minutes
0D[UXQQLQJWLPHZLWKRXWIORZ
HPSW\ERZO 180 minutes

ILOOHGERZO 180 minutes
6RXQGSRZHUOHYHO – Bel(A) ISO 3744, 4,5 m3/h
6RXQGSUHVVXUHOHYHO 83 dB(A) ISO 3744, 4,5 m3/h
9LEUDWLRQOHYHOVHSDUDWRULQXVHPD[ 11,2 mm/s (RMS)
:HLJKWRIVHSDUDWRU 1 060 kg
ZLWKRXWPRWRU
:HLJKWRIERZO 220 kg
The materials in contact with process fluid (excluding seals and O-rings) are brass, bronze and
stainless steel. Cast iron frame.
2LORXWOHWSDULQJGLVFSXPS Delivery head: 400-475 kPa, depending of flow

and viscosity
A
kPa
500
400
48 cSt 30 cSt 10 cSt
300
0
G0335131
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10 000 12 000 l/h

B
A. Back pressure in kPa
B. Flow in m3/h
175
8.2 Basic size drawing 8 Technical Reference
8.2 Basic size drawing
8.2.1 Separator excl. connections

G0692971
A. Maximum horizontal displacement at the B. Maximum vertical displacement at the

in/outlet connections during operation sludge connection during operation
±15 mm. ±10 mm.
For description of the connection numbers, see ‘‘8.3 Connection list” on page 178 and
‘‘8.4 Interface description” on page 180.
176
8 Technical Reference 8.2 Basic size drawing
8.2.2 Dimensions of connections

Data for connections, see chapter ‘‘8.3

Connection list” on page 178.
All connections to be installed non-loaded and
flexible.
G0692981
177
8.3 Connection list 8 Technical Reference
8.3 Connection list

Alfa Laval ref. 557297 rev. 3
Connection No. Description Requirements/limits
201 Inlet for process liquid
206 Inlet for liquid seal and displacement liquid.
− Flow set value 23 litres/minute
− Quality requirements See ‘‘8.5 Water quality” on

page 184
220 Outlet for light phase
− Counter pressure Max. 400 kPa
221 Outlet for heavy phase (water)
222 Outlet for solid phase The outlet from the sludge
cover must always be
arranged to prevent the
cover from being filled up
with sludge.
372 Inlet of discharge liquid See demand in chapter

‘‘8.5 Water quality” on
page 184
− Flow set value 23 litres/minute
− Trigger pulse for discharge 3 seconds
376 Inlet for make-up liquid See demand in chapter

‘‘8.5 Water quality” on
page 184
− Pressure set value 22 - 33 kPa
− Quality requirementse ‘‘8.5 Water quality” on

page 184
178
8 Technical Reference 8.3 Connection list
Connection No. Description Requirements/limits
377 Outlet for operating liquid
(463) Drain of frame top part, upper
462 Drain of frame top part, lower
701 Motor for separator
− Allowed frequency variation ± 5% (momentarily 10%

during a period of
maximum 5 seconds)
753 Unbalance sensor, vibration See ‘‘8.4 Interface

description” on page 180
and ‘‘8.7.5 Vibration
sensor (option)” on page
200
− Type Mechanical switch
− Vibration measurement range 0 to 4,5 g from 0 to 300 Hz
− Switch rating, resistive load max. 5A 12 V DC

2A 24 V DC
1A 48 V DC
0,5 A 120 V DC
7A 460 V AC 50/60 Hz
− Reset coil power supply max. 14 W 48 V DC
760 Cover interlocking switch See ‘‘8.4 Interface

description” on page 180
and ‘‘8.7.6 Cover
interlocking switch
(option)” on page 200
− Type Mechanical switch
− Switch rating, resistive load max. 3 A 500 V
179
8.4 Interface description 8 Technical Reference
8.4 Interface description

8.4.1 General
In addition to the Connection List this document
describes limitations and conditions for safe
control, monitoring and reliable operation.
At the end of the document a function graph and
running limitations are found.
8.4.2 Definitions
Stand still (Ready for start) means:
• The machine is assembled correctly.
• All connections are installed according to
Connection List, Interconnection Diagram
and Interface Description.
Start means:
• The power to the separator is on.
• The acceleration is supervised to ensure that
a certain speed has been reached within a
certain time. See technical data.
The start procedure continues until full speed has
been reached and a stabilization period has
passed (about 1 minute).
Normal stop means:

• Stopping of the machine at any time with
brake applied.
• The bowl must be kept filled.
180
8 Technical Reference 8.4 Interface description
Safety stop means:

The machine must be stopped in the quickest and
safest way due to vibrations or process reasons.
Comply to following conditions:
• The bowl must be kept filled.
• Sludge ejection must not be made.
• The machine must not be restarted before the
reason for the safety stop has been
investigated and action has been taken.
• In case of emergency condition in the plant,
the machine must be stopped in a way that is
described in EN 418.
8.4.3 Component description and

signal processing
Separator motor 701
The separator is equipped with a 3-phase DOL-
(direct on line) started motor. The separator can
also be started by a Y/D starter, but then the time
in Y-position must be maximized to 5 seconds.
Vibration sensor 753 (option)

The vibration sensor is an acceleration sensitive
instrument with a mechanical switch.
Signal Processing
The vibration sensor gives an open contact when
the vibration exceeds the preset value.
If too high vibration occurs the separator must be
stopped with automatic Safety Stop.
181
8.4 Interface description 8 Technical Reference

(option)
The cover of the separator can be equipped with
an interlocking switch as option.
When the cover is closed the interlocking circuit in
the control system is closed and the separator
could be started.
Signal Processing
The circuit is closed when the frame hood of the
separator is closed.
The interlocking switch should be connected so
that starting of the motor is prevented when the
separator hood is not closed.
Discharge
Signal processing
The control system shall contain a memory
function for registration of the number of initiated
discharges.
At indication of the absence of a discharge, the
operator or the control system must initiate a new
discharge. At indication of the absence of two
consecutive sludge discharges, an alarm must be
given and action must be taken.
182
8 Technical Reference 8.4 Interface description
8.4.4 Function graph and running

limitations
G0543211
A. Stand still
B. Starting mode
C. Running mode
D. Stop mode
E. Safety stop mode
183
8.5 Water quality 8 Technical Reference
8.5 Water quality

$OID/DYDOUHIUHY
Operating water is used in the separator for several different functions: e.g. to
operate the discharge mechanism, to lubricate and cool mechanical seals, etc.
Poor quality of the operating water may with time cause erosion, corrosion and/
or operating problem in the separator and must therefore be treated to meet
certain demands.
The following requirements are of fundamental importance

1.1 Turbidity-free water, solids content <0,001% by volume.
Deposits must not be allowed to form in certain areas in the separator.
1.2 Max particle size 50 µm.
2. Total hardness less than 180 mg CaCO3 per litre, which corresponds
to 10 °dH or 12,5 °E.
Hard water may with time form deposits in the operating mechanism. The
precipitation rate is accelerated with increased operating temperature and
low discharge frequency. These effects become more severe the harder the
water is.
3. Chloride content max 100 ppm NaCl (equivalent to 60 mg Cl/l).
Chloride ions contribute to corrosion on the separator surfaces in contact
with the operating water, including the spindle. Corrosion is a process that is
accelerated by increased separating temperature, low pH, and high chloride
ion concentration.
A chloride concentration above 60 mg/l is not recommended.
4. pH>6
Increased acidity (lower pH) increases the risk for corrosion; this is
accelerated by increased temperature and high chloride ion content.
NOTE
Alfa Laval accepts no liability for consequences
arising from unsatisfactorily purified operating
water supplied by the customer.
184
8 Technical Reference 8.6 Lubricants
8.6 Lubricants
/XEULFDWLRQFKDUWJHQHUDO
$OID/DYDOUHIUHY
Lubrication chart, general
Lubricating points Type of lubricant
Bowl spindle ball bearings and buffers are Lubricating oil as specified in “Recommended
lubricated by oil mist lubricating oils”
Bowl spindle taper Lube oil, only a few drops for rust protection
Metal buffers of bowl spindle Lube oil
Bowl: Pastes as specified in “Lubricants”

Sliding contact surfaces and pressure loaded
surfaces such as lock rings, threads of lock
rings, bowl hood and cap nut
Rubber seal rings Grease as specified in “Lubricants”
Friction coupling ball bearings The bearings are packed with grease and sealed
and need no extra lubrication
Electric motor Follow manufacturer's instructions
NOTE
The Lubrication chart, general can be complemented with more detailed charts, showing the
lubrication points in detail and what type of lubricant to use.
Instructions related to a specific design of the machine, refer to the general assembly drawings.
Some application processes demand special lubrication.
If not specified otherwise, follow the supplier’s recommendation about method of application.
185
8.6 Lubricants 8 Technical Reference
Alfa Laval Lubricating Oil Groups

• Group A oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable AW
(anti wear) additives.
• Group B oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable EP
(extreme pressure) additives.
• Group D oil: a synthetic base oil with additives stable at high operating
temperatures.
• Group E oil: Characteristics as a group D-oil but suitable at a higher
operation power (≤55 kW)
• Do not mix different oil brands or oils from different oil groups.
Always use clean vessels when handling lubricating oil.
Great attention must be paid not to contaminate the lubricating oil. Of
particular importance is to avoid mixing of different types of oil. Even a
few drops of motor oil mixed into a synthetic oil may result in severe
foaming.
Any presence of black deposits in a mineral type oil is an indication that
the oil base has deteriorated seriously or that some of the oil additives
have precipitated. Always investigate why black deposits occurs.
• If it is necessary to change from one group of oil brand to another it is
recommended to do this in connection with an overhaul of the
separator. Clean the gear housing and the spindle parts thoroughly
and remove all deposits before filling the new oil.
NOTE
Always clean and dry parts (also tools) before
lubricants are applied.
CAUTION
Check the oil level before start.

Top up when necessary.
Oil volume = see “Technical Data”.
• It is of utmost importance to use the lubricants recommended in our

documentation.
This does not exclude, however, the use of other brands, provided they
have equivalently high quality properties as the brands recommended.
The use of oilbrands and other lubricants than recommended, is done
on the exclusive responsibility of the user or oil supplier.
Applying, handling and storing of lubricants
Always be sure to follow lubricants manufacturer’s instructions.
186
8.6.2 Recommended lubricating

oils
Alfa Laval ref. 553219-15, rev. 0
Two different groups of lubricating oils are

approved for this separator.
They are designated as Alfa Laval lubricating oil
groups A and D.
The numerical value after the letter states the
viscosity grade.
The corresponding commercial oil brands are
found in chapter ‘‘8.6.3 Recommended oil
brands” on page 188.
Ambient temperature °C Alfa Laval lubricating oil Time in operation

group Oil change interval
between +15 and +60 A/320 1 000 - 1 500 h
between -10 and +60 D/220 2 000 h

between ±0 and +60 D/320 2 000 h
Note:
• In a new installation or after change of gear
transmission, change oil after 200 operating
hours and clean the gear housing.
• When the separator is operated for short
periods, lubricating oil must be changed
every 12 months even if the total number of
operating hours is less than stated in the
recommendations above.
• Check and prelubricate spindle bearings on
separators which have been out of service for
6 months or longer.
• In seasonal operation: change oil before
every operating period.
187
8.6.3 Recommended oil brands
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group A/320

NOTE
The data in below tables is based on supplier information in regards to
lubrication properties. Trade names and designations might vary from
country to country, contact your local supplier for more information.
Brands with Alfa Laval article number are approved and recommended for
use.
Alfa Laval lubrication oil group A
Viscosity grade VG (ISO 3448/3104) 320

Viscosity index VI (ISO 2909) >95
Manufacturer Designation
Alfa Laval 546099-80 (20 litres)

546099-81 (4 litres)
546099-82 (208 litres)
546099-83 (1 litre )
BP Bartran 320
Castrol Alpha ZN 320
ELF Polytelis 320
Engen Genecirc TQ320
Esso/Exxon Nuto 320

Teresso 320
Terrestic 320
Mobil DTE oil AA
Shell Morlina 320

Tellus 320
Texaco/Caltex Regal Oil 320

Paper Machine Oil Premium 320
188
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group D/220

NOTE
use.
Alfa Laval lubrication oil group D


542690-81 (4 litres)
542690-82 (208 litres)
542690-83 (1 litre )
BP Enersyn HTX 220
Castrol Alphasyn EP 220
Chevron Tegra 220
ELF Epona SA 220
Esso/Exxon Terrestic SHP 220

Teresso SHP 220
Mobil SHC 630
Q8/Kuwait Petroleum Schumann 220
Shell Paolina 220
189
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group D/320

NOTE
use.
Alfa Laval lubrication oil group D


542690-85 (4 litres)
Castrol Alphasyn EP 320
Chevron Tegra 320
ELF Epona SA 320
Esso/Exxon Terrestic SHP 220

Teresso SHP 220
Mobil Mobilgear 632
Optimol Optigear Synthetic A 320
Q8/Kuwait Petroleum Schumann 320
Shell Delima HT 320

Paolina 320
190
8.6.4 Recommended lubricants

NOTE
The data in below tables is based on supplier information in regards to lubrication properties.
Trade names and designations might vary from country to country, contact your local supplier for
more information.
Brands with Alfa Laval article number are approved and recommended for use.
Pastes for non-food applications:
Manufacturer Designation Alfa Laval No
Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 805K

Gleitmo 705K
Dow Corning Molykote 1000 (Paste) 537086-02 (1000 g)

Molykote 1000 (Paste) 537086-03 (100 g)
Molykote G-rapid plus (Paste) 537086-04 (50 g)
Rocol Antiscuffing (ASP) (Paste)
Klüber Wolfracoat C (Paste)
Bonded coatings:
Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 900 (Varnish or spray)
Dow Corning Molykote D321R (Spray) 535586-01 (300 ml)

Molykote D321R (Varnish) 535586-02 (60 ml)
191
Pastes for food applications
Manufacturer Designation Comment Alfa Laval No
Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 805
Geralyn 2 USDA H1 561764-01 (50 g)
Dow Corning Molykote TP 42

Molykote D
Molykote Foodslip EP-2 USDA H1 537086-07 (50 g)

(Mineral
oil base)
Klüber Klüberpaste 46 MR 401
Klüberpaste UH1 96-402 USDA H1
Lubrication LE 4025 USDA H1

Engineers
Silicone grease for rubber rings:
Dow Corning Molykote 111 (Compound) 539474-02 (100 g)

Molykote 111 (Compound) 539474-03 (25 g)
Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 750
Klüber Unisilkon L 250 L
Wacker Silicone P (Paste)
192
Greases for ball and roller bearings:
NOTE
Always follow the specific recommendation for lubrication as advised by the
manufacturer.
BP Energrease MM-EP2
Energrease LS2
Castrol APS 2 Grease

EPL 2
Chevron Dura-Lith Grease EP2
Elf Epexa 2
Esso/Exxon Beacon EP2

Unirex N2
Fina Marson EPL 2A
Mobil Mobilith SHC 460

Mobilux EP2
Gulf Gulflex MP2
Q8/Kuwait Rembrandt EP2

Petroleum
Shell Alvania EP Grease 2

Albida Grease EP2
SKF LGEP2 or LGMT2
Texaco Multifak AFB 2
193
8.7 Other drawings 8 Technical Reference
8.7 Other drawings
8.7.1 Foundations
G0618021
A. Min. lifting capacity 1000 kg Recommended free floor space for unloading
Recommended speed for lifting: when doing service
Low speed 0,5-1,5 m/min.
High speed 2-6 m/min. Min. access area for overhead hoist.
B. Max. height of largest component incl. No fixed installations within this area.
lifting tool Centre of gravity
C. Centre of motor (without motor)
D. Centre of separator bowl
E. 4 holes Ø 17 for anchorage
F. Hole Ø 110 for sediment outlet Vertical force not exceeding 20 kN/foot
G. Tightening torque 20 Nm.
Locked with lock nut
H. Minimum property class 8.8 Horizontal force not exceeding 20 kN/foot
I. Service side
Total static load max. 15 kN
194
8 Technical Reference 8.7 Other drawings

(land application)
Alfa Laval ref. 539827, ver. 10
Note! This motor is for land application only
G0692811
A = Four holes
Manufacturer Not fixed

Standards IEC 72-2, 34-1,
CENEL/2B
Size 160M
Poles 4
Degree of protection IP44
Method of cooling IC 41 (IEC 34-6)
Sp539827ecification Totally enclosed fan-
cooled three-phase
induction motor
Article No. Output Freq Voltage Article No. Output Freq Voltage
kW Hz V kW Hz V
539827-10 11 60 220D 539827-201) 11 60 460D
539827-11 11 60 380D 539827-21 11 50 200D
539827-12 11 60 440D 539827-22 11 50 220D
539827-131) 11 60 575D 539827-23 11 50 380D
539827-15 11 50 400D 539827-24 11 50 415D
539827-17 11 60 460D 539827-25 11 50 500D
539827-18 11 60 220D parallel 539827-26 11 50 660D

440D series
539827-27 11 60 200D
1) In accordance with the rules of CSA.
195

(marine application)
G0587851
Manufacturer ABB Motors
Manuf. drawing Cat. BA/Marine motors GB 98-05
Standards IEC 34-series, 72,79 and 85
Size 160M
Type M2AA 160M
Weight 62 kg
Poles 4
Insulation class F
Bearings DE 6209-2Z/C3 –
NDE 6209-2Z/C3
Method of cooling IC 41 (IEC 34-6)
Spec. Totally enclosed three-phase motor for marine service 3)
Type of mounting Degree of

protection
IM 3001 IP 55
IM 3011 IP 55
IM 3031 IP 55
Knockout openings for cable glands on both

sides.
The motor bearings are permanent lubricated.
196
Article No Output Speed Freq Voltage Current Pow.fac |st / | 1) Therm 2) Note
kW RPM Hz V A cos ϕ °C
552813-01 11,5 1445 50 200 D 44,5 0,85 5,6
552813-02 11,5 1445 50 220 D 40,5 0,85 5,6
552813-03 11,5 1445 50 380 D 23,5 0,85 5,6
552813-04 11,5 1445 50 415 D 21,5 0,85 5,6
552813-05 11,5 1445 50 440 D 20,5 0,85 5,6
552813-06 11,5 1445 50 500 D 18,9 0,85 5,6
552813-07 13 1745 60 220 D 47 0,85 5,6 D-ser

440 D 23,5 D-par
552813-08 13 1745 60 230 D 45 0,85 5,6 D-ser

460 D 22,5 D-par
552813-09 13 1745 60 575 D 18 0,85 5,6 CSA-

plated
552813-10 11,5 1445 50 380 D 23,5 0,85 5,6

13 1745 60 440 D 23,5
522813-111 11,5 1440 50 690Y 12,9 0,85 5,6

400D 22,5
552813-12 13 1740 60 460D 22,5 0,85 5.6
552813-13 13 1740 60 460D 21,5 0,85 5,6

1) lst /l=starting current /rated current at direct
on line starting.
2)
Thermistors tripping temperature if applicable
3)
The motors can be designed to fulfill requirements of
following Classification Societies:
The motors can be designed to fulfill requirements of

following Classification Societies:
Lloyds Register of shipping (LRS) (Essential Service)
Det Norske Veritas (DnV) (Essential Service)
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) (Essential Service)
Bureau Veritas (BV) (Essential Service)
American Bureau of shipping (ABS) (Essential Service)
Registro Italiano Navale (RINA) (Essential Service)
Nippon Kaiyi Kyokai (NK) (Essential Service)
Korean Register of Shipping (KR) (Essential Service)
Polski Rejester Statkow (PRS) (Essential Service)
China Classification Societys (CCS) (Essential Service)
Indian Register of Shipping (IRS) (Essential Service)
Maritime Register of Shipping(RMS) (Essential Service)
Required classification society must always be specified

when ordering. Factory test certificate to be enclosed at the
delivery.
Rated output (kW) valid for temp-rise max. 90 °C.
Max. vibration velocity 1,8 mm/s acc. to IEC 34-14
The rotor balanced with half key.
197
8.7.4 Machine plates and safety

labels
G0544311
1. Machine plate
Separator GT 12
Manufacturing serial No / Year XXXX
Product No 881077-06-01
Machine top part 557303-01
Bowl 544721-10 S0061411
Machine bottom part 540225-09/10 (50/60 Hz)

Designation TGT-24
Max. speed (bowl) 5175 r/minute (50 Hz)
5142r/minute (60 Hz)
Direction of rotation (bowl) ←
Speed motor shaft 1500 r/minute (50 Hz)
1800 r/minute (60 Hz)
El. current frequency 50/60 Hz
Recommended motor power 11 kW
Max. density of feed 1100 kg/m3
Max. density of sediment 1498 kg/m3
Max. density of operating liquid 1000 kg/m3
Process temperature min./max. 0/100 °C
198
3. Safety label
Text on label:
DANGER
Read the instruction manuals before installation,
S0061521
operation and maintenance. Consider inspection
intervals.
Failure to strictly follow instructions can lead to
fatal injury.
If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator and
keep bowl filled with liquid during rundown.
Out of balance vibration will become worse if bowl
is not full.
Separator must stop rotating before any
dismantling work is started.
4. Name plate
S0063211
6. Arrow
Indicating direction of rotation of horizontal driving
device.
8. Power supply frequency
S0063111
199
8.7.5 Vibration sensor (option)

Type: Mechanical velocity

Switch rating, voltage: Max. 460 V AC
G0547321
Reset coil: 24 V DC, 48 V DC
Vibration measurement 0 to 4,5 g from 0 to
range: 300 Hz Interconnection diagram
1-2 Reset coil
Switch rating, resistive 5A 12 V DC 3 No
load, max.: 2A 24 V DC 4 Common
1A 48 V DC 5 NC
0,5 A 120 V DC 6-8 Heater
7A 460 V AC,
R Reset button
50/60 Hz
For other technical information see chapter ‘‘8.4

Interface description” on page 180.

(option)
Switch rating
AC (VA) DC (W)
12 V 75 7
24 V 200 7
48 V 280 9
127 V 500 13
230 V 550 –
For other technical information see chapter ‘‘8.4

Interface description” on page 180.
BK Black
BN Brown
BU Blue
G0547211
GN-YW Green-Yellow
Interconnection diagram
200
8 Technical Reference 8.8 Storage and installation
8.8 Storage and

installation
8.8.1 Introduction
Most of the installation instructions are
Specifications, which are compulsory
requirements. These specifications are
sometimes completed with non-compulsory
Recommendations, which could improve the
installation quality.
Additional installation information, such as
drawings, connection lists and interface
description, can be found previous in this chapter.
8.8.2 Storage and transport of

goods
Storage
Specification
Upon arrival to the store, check all components
and keep them:
1. Well stored and protected from mechanical
damage.
2. Dry and protected from rain and humidity.
3. Organized in the store in such a way that the
goods will be easily accessible when
installation is about to take place.
201
8.8 Storage and installation 8 Technical Reference
A separator can be delivered with different types

of protection:
• Fixed on a pallet.
The separator must be stored in a storage
room well protected from mechanical damage
and also dry and protected from rain and
humidity.
G0402721
Fixed on a pallet
• In a wooden box which is not water tight.

The separator must be stored dry and
protected from rain and humidity.
G0402731
In a wooden box which is not water tight
• In a special water-resistant box for outdoor

storage.
The separator and its parts have been treated
with an anti-corrosion agent. Once the box
has been opened, store dry and protected
from rain and humidity.
The packaging for outdoor storage is only to
special order.
G0402741
In a special water-resistant box for outdoor storage
202
Transport
Specification
• During transport of the separator, the frame
hood and bowl must always be removed
from the machine.
• When lifting a separator it must always be
hung securely. See chapter ‘‘5.5 Lifting
instructions” on page 87.
WARNING
Crush hazards
Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting

instructions.
• During erection, all inlets and outlets to

separators and accessories must be covered
to be protected from dirt and dust.
8.8.3 Planning of installation
Introduction
The space required for one or more separators
can be calculated by consulting the drawings in
the chapters ‘‘8.2 Basic size drawing” on page
176, ‘‘8.7.1 Foundations” on page 194 and
instructions for ancillary equipment, electrical and
electronic equipment and cables. G0020611
Check the drawings when planning the installation
203
Important measurements
Important measurements are the minimum lifting
height for lifting tackle, shortest distance between
driving motor and wall, free passage for
dismantling and assembly, maintenance and
operation.
Plan your installation with sufficient room for the
G0020721
controls and operation so that instruments are
easily visible. Valves and controls must be within
convenient reach. Pay attention to space Suitable space must be obtained for the maintenance
requirements for maintenance work, work work
benches, dismantled machine parts or for a
service trolley.
Space for separator

The separator shall be placed in such a way that
suitable space for maintenance and repair is
obtained.
Specification
• See chapter ‘‘8.7.1 Foundations” on page 194
for the service space required with the
separator installed.
Recommendation
• The spanner for the large lock ring should
have sufficient space to make a complete
turn without touching any of the ancillary
equipment surrounding the separator.
Lifting height for transport of bowl

Specification
• A minimum height is required to lift the bowl,
bowl parts and the bowl spindle, see chapter
‘‘8.7.1 Foundations” on page 194.
Recommendation
• When two or more separators are installed,
the lifting height may have to be increased to
enable parts from one separator to be lifted
and moved over an adjoining assembled
separator.
204
Space for oil changing

Specification
The plug for gearbox oil draining must not be
blocked by floor plate arrangement, etc.
Recommendation
• It should be possible to place a portable
collecting tray under the gearbox drain plug
G0035921
for changing oil.
Place the separator in such a way that makes the oil

8.8.4 Foundations change easy
NOTE
When lifting a separator it must always be
hung securely. See chapter ‘‘5.5 Lifting
instructions” on page 87.
Specification
• The separator should be installed at floor
level, see chapter ‘‘8.7.1 Foundations” on
page 194.
• When a separator is installed on a ship, the
separator should be installed in such a way
that the centre line of the electric motor is
parallel with the centre line of the ship. The
electric motor should preferably be pointing
G0547811
aft.
• The separator must be installed on a strong
F = Forward
and rigid foundation to reduce the influence of
A = Aft
vibrations from adjacent machinery.
• The foundation should be provided with a
cofferdam.
205
• Fit the separator frame on the foundation as

follows:
- Place the separator frame without
cushions in position.
- Check that the bolts do not press against
the edges of the holes, otherwise the
elasticity of the mounting of the separator
frame will be impeded.
- Fit height adjusting washers required.
G0258911
- Check that the separator frame is
horizontal and that all feet rest on the
foundation. 1. Vibration damper, upper
2. Vibration damper, lower
- Lift the separator frame, fit the vibration 3. Nut
dampers (1, 2), lower and check that the 4. Lock nut
bolts do not press against the edges of
the holes.
- Tighten nut (3) with 20 Nm. Hold firmly
and secure with the lock nut (4). Repeat
for the other frame feet.
206
Reader’s Comment Form
Dear reader,
It is our ambition to produce as useful and instructive manuals as possible. Should you have any
comments (positive or negative) regarding this manual, please note them down and send them to
us. You can do this by copying this page and sending it by fax, or you could mail it, or hand it over
to your local Alfa Laval representative.
Alfa Laval Separation AB, Separator Manuals, dept. SKEL, S-147 80 Tumba, Sweden.
Fax: +46 8 53031040.
Your name: Company:
Address: City:
Country:
Product: GT 12 Book No.: 1271606-02 V1
Date:
Yes No
Is it easy to find what you are looking for by using the table of contents? ❒ ❒
Are the chapter and section headings clear and adequate? ❒ ❒
Is the information presented in the correct order for your purposes? ❒ ❒
Does the information in the manual cover your needs? ❒ ❒
Is it easy to understand the instructions in the manual? ❒ ❒
Is the terminology sufficiently explained? ❒ ❒
Are the illustrations easy to understand? ❒ ❒
Your comments:
207
208
Order Form
If you wish to order extra copies of this manual, please copy this page and give it to your local
Alfa Laval representative, who will advise you of current prices.
Your local Alfa Laval representative will also be able to help you with information regarding any
other manuals.
Your name: Company:
Address: City:
Country:
Product: GT 12 Book No.: 1271606-02 V1
Quantity: Date:
Comments:
209
210
Index
A Erosion 63
External cleaning 89
Assembly Flexible plate in coupling 80
Bowl body and operating mechanism 127 Guide surfaces 65, 81
Bowl hood and disc stack 117 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc 67
General directions 104 Level ring 67
Horizontal driving device 155 Lifting instructions 88
Inlet/outlet, frame hood 108 Lock ring - priming 82
Operating water device 133 Lock ring - wear and damage 84
Tools (special) 105 Oil change procedure 96
Vertical driving device 143 Oil paring disc - height position 84
Operating mechanism 70
B Operating paring disc - height position 85
Bearings Operating slide 70
Maintenance directions 99 Repair of galling 66
Replacement on bowl spindle 136 Sliding bowl bottom 71
Replacement on horizontal driving device 148 Springs for operating mechanism 72
Bowl Vibration analysis 97
Assembly 117, 127 Vibration switch - adjustment of set point 98
Dismantling 111, 124 Vibration switch - function check 73
Bowl discs Worm - wear of groove 86
Cleaning 91 Worm wheel and worm - wear of teeth 93
Disc stack pressure 61 Worm wheel shaft - radial wobble 87
Bowl spindle Clarification
Assembly 143 Oil discharges through water outlet 171
Dismantling 138 Start procedure 40
Brake Unsatisfactory separation result 171
Design and function 18 Clarifier
Renewing of friction pad 75 Definition 31
Broken water seal 170 Description 25
Clarifier bowl
C Characteristic parts 27
Cleaning
Centrifugal separation 16 Bowl discs 91
Check points CIP-system 92
Ball and roller bearings 99 Cleaning agents 89
Before shutdowns 102 Cleaning of bowl discs 91
Bowl hood seal ring 56 External cleaning 89
Bowl spindle - height position 74 Connection list 178
Bowl spindle - radial wobble 75 Connections
Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave 74 Description 180
Brake 75 Dimensions 177
Buffer springs and ball bearing housing 76 Corrosion 57
Cleaning agents 89 Coupling
Cleaning of bowl discs 91 Function 19
Corrosion 57 Renewing of friction pads 78
Coupling friction pads 78 Cover interlocking switch (option)
Cover interlocking switch 72 Design and function 20
Cracks 60 Drawing 200
Disc stack pressure 79 Cracks 60
211
D Major Service 81
Repair of galling 66
Daily checks 49
Density of feed 174
H
Disc 61
Disc stack pressure 61 Horizontal driving device
Dismantling Assembly 155
Bowl body and operating mechanism 124 Dismantling 150
Bowl hood and disc stack 111
General directions 104 I
Horizontal driving device 150
Inlet/outlet, frame hood 107 Installation
Operating water device 133 Check points 34
Tools 105 Planning of installation 203
Vertical driving device 138 Interface
Drawings Definition 31
Basic size drawing 194 Description 29
Cover interlocking switch (option) 200 Interface description 180
Dimensions of connections 177 Intermediate service 45, 50
Electric motor 195, 196
Foundations 194 L
Machine plates and safety labels 198 Lifting instructions 88
Vibration sensor (option) 200 Liquid flows through bowl casing drain 166
Lock ring
E Priming 82
Electric motor Wear and damage 68
Drawings 195, 196 Lubricants
Emergency stop. See Safety stop Before first start 34
Erosion 63 Lubrication chart, general, oil groups 185
Exploded views Oil change interval 187
Bowl body and operating mechanism 123 Oil change procedure 96
Bowl hood and disc stack 110 Oil level 96
Horizontal driving device 148 Recommended lubricants 191
Inlet/outlet, frame hood 106 Recommended lubricating oils 187
Operating water device 132 Recommended oil brands 188
Vertical driving device 136 Volume of lubricating oil 175
Lubricating oil volume 174
F
M
Foundations
Drawing 194 Machine plates and safety labels 198
Installation 205 Main parts 18
Frame feet Maintenance intervals 46
Installation 205 Maintenance logs
Replacement 55 3-year Service (3S) 55
Friction coupling Daily checks 49
Function 19 Intermediate Service (IS) 50
Major Service (MS) 52
Oil change 49
G
Maintenance, general information
Gear Ball and roller bearings 99
Number of teeth 174 Before shutdowns 102
Wear of teeth 93 Cleaning 89
Gravity disc Lifting instructions 88
Selection 35 Maintenance intervals 45
Guide surfaces Maintenance procedure 47
Intermediate Service 65 Oil change procedure 96
212
Service kits 48 Separation temperatures 17
Vibration analysis 97 Separator
Major service 45, 52 Basic size drawing 176
Materials 174 Brake 19
Metal surfaces Connection list 178
Cleaning and cleaning agents 89 Foundations 194
Corrosion 57 Installation planning 203
Cracks 60 Interface description 180
Erosion 63 Lifting instructions 88
Motor Main parts 22
Cleaning 89 Mechanical power transmission 19
Coupling 80 Normal stop 41
Drawing 195, 196 Overview 18
Power consumption 174 Ready for start 38
Running 40
N Safety stop 42
Sensors and indicators 20
Noise 174 Separating function 25
Nomogram 36 Sludge discharge cycle 29
Start 39
O Storage and transportation 201
Oil. See Lubrication Technical data 174
Operation 34 Service instructions. See Check points
Outgoing water contains oil 169 Service kits 48
Shutdown 102
P Smell 163
Spare parts 48
Power consumption 174 Speed too low 163
Power transmission 19 Start
Process capacity 174 Check points 39
Purification Clarification start procedure 40
Broken water seal 170 Purification start procedure 40
Definition 31 Starting power too high 164
Outgoing water contains oil 169 Starting power too low 164
Start procedure 40 Starting time 175
Unsatisfactory separation result 169 Starting time too long 164
Purifier bowl Stopping procedure 41
Gravity disc 25 Stopping time 175
Storage 201
R
Ready for start 38
T
Retardation time too long 165 Technical data 174
Revolution counter Throughput
Function 20 Capacity 174
Number of revolutions 174 Definition 31
Running-up procedure 40 Transport 201
Trouble tracing - mechanical functions
S Noise 163
Retardation time too long 165
Safety Instructions 9
Separator vibrates 162
Safety stop 42
Smell 163
Separation
Speed too low 163
Basic principles 16
Starting power too high 164
Clarification 27
Starting power too low 164
Process main parts 22
Starting time too long 164
Purification 25
Water in worm gear housing 165
Separating function trouble tracing 166
213
Trouble tracing - purification faults
Broken water seal 170
Outgoing water contains oil 169
Unsatisfactory separation result 169
Trouble tracing - separating functions
Bowl fails to open 167
Bowl opens accidentally 167
Unsatisfactory separation result 169
Trouble tracing - vibration switch
Impossible to adjust setpoint to obtain tripping 172
Vibration switch does not reset 172
V
Vertical driving device
Assembly 143
Dismantling 138
Vibration
During start 39
Safety stop 42
Trouble tracing 162
Vibration analysis 97
Vibration level 175
Vibration switch (option)
Adjustment of setpoint 98
Description and signal processing 181
Drawing 200
Function check 73
Trouble tracing 172
W
Warning signs 13
Water
Water quality specifications 184
Water in worm gear housing 165
Weight 174
Worm gear
Function and description 19
Number of teeth 174
Wear of teeth 93
214

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© Alfa Laval Separation AB 2000

3.1 Basic principles of separation 16

4.1 Operating routine 34

5.1 Periodic maintenance 45

6.1 Introduction 104

7.1 Mechanical functions 162

8 Technical Reference 173

8.1 Technical data 174

Not following the instructions can result in

In order to make the information clear only foreseeable conditions

This manual is designed for operators and service

This Separator Manual consists of:

The centrifugal separator includes parts that

Manufacturing tolerances are extremely fine.

• Use the separator only for the purpose

• Make sure that rotating parts have come

• Follow local regulations for electrical

• Use ear protection in noisy

Warning signs in the text

This type of safety instruction indicates a

This type of safety instruction indicates a

This type of safety instruction indicates a

3.1 Basic principles of separation 16

3.2 Design and function 18

3.3 Separating function 25

3.1 Basic principles of

The centrifugal solution

High density (with low temperature)

Low density (with high temperature)

3.2 Design and function

3.2.2 Mechanical power

Applying (1) and releasing (2) of brake

3.2.4 Paring disc pump

Back pressure gauge (1)

plate for speed particulars.

The revolution counter should turn clockwise

Oil sight glass (3)

Sight glass for separated water outlet (4)

Cover interlocking switch (5, option)

Vibration switch (6, option)

3.2.6 Process main parts

1. Upper paring camber

201. Unseparated oil inlet

* Parts effecting a sludge discharge

Inlet and outlet device

Sludge discharge mechanism

3.3 Separating function

3.3.1 Purifier bowl

The position of the interface is adjusted by

A. Correct interface position

B. Wrong interface position - broken water seal

C. Wrong interface position - bad separation

Factors influencing the interface position

A. Gravity disc with large hole diameter

3. Excessive back pressure

A. Excessive back pressure

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