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Student Xi Yi 1 95 85 2 85 95 3 80 70 4 70 65 5 60 70: Student X y (X - XM) (Y - Y)

Five students took a math aptitude test before a statistics course and their scores were analyzed to develop a linear regression model predicting statistics performance. The regression equation found was ŷ = 26.768 + 0.644x, where x is the aptitude score. This model explained 48% of the variation in statistics grades. It was estimated that a student scoring 75 on the aptitude test would receive a statistics grade of around 75.

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Muhammad hanzla
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121 views3 pages

Student Xi Yi 1 95 85 2 85 95 3 80 70 4 70 65 5 60 70: Student X y (X - XM) (Y - Y)

Five students took a math aptitude test before a statistics course and their scores were analyzed to develop a linear regression model predicting statistics performance. The regression equation found was ŷ = 26.768 + 0.644x, where x is the aptitude score. This model explained 48% of the variation in statistics grades. It was estimated that a student scoring 75 on the aptitude test would receive a statistics grade of around 75.

Uploaded by

Muhammad hanzla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Last year, five randomly selected students took a math aptitude test before they began their

statistics course. The Statistics Department has three questions.

● What linear regression equation best predicts statistics performance, based on math
aptitude scores?
● If a student made 75 on the aptitude test, what grade would we expect her to make
in statistics?

Student Xi Yi

1 95 85
2 85 95
3 80 70
4 70 65
5 60 70

The Xi column shows scores on the aptitude test and the Y i column shows statistics grades.

Student xi yi (xi-xm) (yi-y)


1 95 85 17 8
2 85 95 7 18
3 80 70 2 -7
4 70 65 -8 -12
5 60 70 -18 -7
Sum 390 385
Mean 78 77
And for each student, we also need to compute the squares of the deviation scores (the last two columns
in the table below).
Student xi yi (xi-x)2 (yi-y)2
1 95 85 289 64
2 85 95 49 324
3 80 70 4 49
4 70 65 64 144
5 60 70 324 49
Sum 390 385 730 630

Mean 78 77

And finally, for each student, we need to compute the product of the deviation scores.

Student xi yi (xi-x)(yi-y)
1 95 85 136
2 85 95 126
3 80 70 -14
4 70 65 96
5 60 70 126
Sum 390 385 470
Mean 78 77

The regression equation is a linear equation of the form: ŷ = b 0 + b1x . To conduct a regression analysis,
we need to solve for b0 and b1. Computations are shown below. Notice that all of our inputs for the
regression analysis come from the above three tables.

First, we solve for the regression coefficient (b1):

b1 = Σ [ (xi - x)(yi - y) ] / Σ [ (xi - x)2]

b1 = 470/730

b1 = 0.644

Once we know the value of the regression coefficient (b1), we can solve for the regression slope (b0):

b0 = y - b1 * x

b0 = 77 - (0.644)(78)

b0 = 26.768

Therefore, the regression equation is: ŷ = 26.768 + 0.644x .

If a student made an 75 on the aptitude test, the estimated statistics grade (ŷ) would be:

ŷ = b0 + b1x

ŷ = 26.768 + 0.644x = 26.768 + 0.644 * 75

ŷ = 26.768 + 48.3 = 75.068


2 ∑ ( y i−^y i )
2

R =1− = 0.48
∑ ( y i− y ) 2
0.48 indicates that about 48% of the variation in statistics grades (the dependent variable) can be
explained by the relationship to math aptitude scores (the independent variable). This would be
considered a good fit to the data.

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