Phonetics SPAM - WPAM

SPAM (Sentence Phonetic Analysis Model)
1. Define the communicative type of the sentence :

- statement (declarative)
- question (general, disjunctive, special, alternative)
- imperative (command, request)
- exclamation
2. Show the syntagmatic division of the sentence
3. Lay all the necessary tonetic stress marks in the intonation groups. Count the number of
rhythmic groups.
The normally stressed words are:
- Nouns
- Pronouns: demonstrative (That, this, these, and those), indefinite (one, other, none, some,
anybody, everybody, and no one), interrogative (who, what, which, and whose), emphatic
(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves), absolute
(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and their).
- Notional verbs
- Adjectives
- Numerals
- Interjections
The unstressed elements as a rule are:
- Pronouns: personal, possessive, reflexive, relative.
- Auxiliary verbs
- Prepositions
- Conjunctions
- Articles
- Particles
4. Transcribe the sentence
5. Draw the tonogram of the sentence. Define the structure of each intonation group. (the
pre-head, the scale, or head, the terminal tone, the tail)
WPAM
1. the word “_____” spelling of the word: /_/ /_/ /_/
2. Transcribe the word /____/, count the phonemes: count the vowels and consonants.
3. Classify vowels and consonants

Consonants:
/p/ is occlusive, plosive, labial, bilabial, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
medial, and word final positions.
/b/ is occlusive, plosive, labial, bilabial, voiced consonant. Occurs in word initial, word medial,
and word final positions.
/t/ is occlusive, plosive, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word
initial, word medial, and word final positions.
/d/ is occlusive, plosive, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in word
/k/ is occlusive, plosive, lingual, back-lingual, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
/g/ is occlusive, plosive, lingual, back-lingual, voiced consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
/m/ is occlusive, nasal sonorant, labial, bilabial, voiced consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
/n/ is occlusive, nasal sonorant, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in
word initial, word medial, and word final positions.
/ŋ/ is occlusive, nasal sonorant, lingual, back-lingual, voiced consonant. Occurs in word medial
and word final positions.
/f/ is constrictive, fricative, labial, labio-dental, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
/v/ is constrictive, fricative, labial, labio-dental, voiced consonant. Occurs in word initial, word
/θ/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, dental, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word
/ð/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, dental, voiced consonant. Occurs in word
/s/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiceless consonant. Occurs in
/z/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in
/ʃ/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, palato-alveolar, voiceless consonant. Occurs in
/ʒ/ is constrictive, fricative, lingual, forelingual, palato-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in
word medial positions.
/h/ is constrictive, fricative, pharyngal, voiceless consonant. Occurs in word initial and word
medial positions.
/w/ is constrictive, sonorant, medial, labial, bilabial, voiced consonant. Occurs in word initial
and word medial positions.
/r/ is constrictive, sonorant, medial, forelingual, post-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in word
initial and word medial positions.
/j/ is constrictive, sonorant, medial, lingual, media-lingual, voiced consonant. Occurs in word
initial and word medial positions.
/l/ is constrictive, sonorant, lateral, lingual, forelingual, apico-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs
in word initial, word medial, and word final positions.
/tʃ/ is occlusive-constrictive, lingual, forelingual, palato-alveolar, voiceless consonant. Occurs in
/dʒ/ is occlusive-constrictive, lingual, forelingual, palato-alveolar, voiced consonant. Occurs in
Vowels:
/iː/ is front monophthong, high, narrow variant, long, tense, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letter e in open and historically open syllables; the digraphs: “ee”,
“ea”, “ie”, ”ei”.
/e/ is front monophthong, mid, narrow variant, short, lax, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letter “e” in closed accented syllables; the digraph “ea” before “d”,
“th”.
/æ/ is front monophthong, low, broad variant, short, lax, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letter “a” in closed syllables.
/ɪ/ is front-retracted monophthong, high, broad variant, short, lax, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letters “i”, “y” in stressed closed syllables; “y”, “ey” when
unstressed; “ai” when unstressed; the letter “e” in prefixes.
/ɜː/ is central monophthong, mid, narrow variant, long, tense, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by “e, i, u, y” followed by “r” third syllable type; “ear” + consonant.
/ə/ is central monophthong, mid, broad variant, short, lax, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letter “a” in prefixes; in suffixes “er, or, ar, oar, ous”; “a, o, u”
non-accented.
/ʌ/ is central monophthong, low, narrow variant, short, lax, non-labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the letter “u” in stressed syllables; “o” followed by “m, n, v, th”; the
digraph “ou” followed by “gh, bl(e), pl(e)”; “ou” + other consonants.
/ʊ/ is back advanced monophthong, high, broad variant, short, lax, labialized. The vowel is
represented in spelling by the digraph “oo” followed by “k”; the letter “u” after “p, b, f”.
/uː/ is back monophthong, high, narrow variant, long, tense, labialized. The vowel is represented
in spelling by the letter “u” in open syllables; the digraphs “eu, ew”; “ui”; the digraph “ou” in
words of French origin.
/ɔː/ is back monophthong, mid, broad variant, long, tense, labialized. The vowel is represented in
spelling by “oor, our, oar”; the digraph or third syllable type; “a” followed by “II, I” + cons.;
“ough, augh” + t; war.
/ɑː/ is back advanced monophthong, low, long, tense, non-labialized. The vowel is represented in
spelling by the digraph “ar”; the letter “a” followed by “ss, st, sk, sp, ft, th”; “a” followed by “If,
Im”; “ance, and” in words of French origin when stressed.
/ɒ/ is back monophthong, low, broad variant, short, lax, labialized. The vowel is represented in
spelling by the letter “o” in closed stressed syllables; the digraph “wa”; “qua” except quarter.
/aɪ/ is front, /ɪ/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letters “i, y” in
stressed open syllables; “igh” followed by “t”; the letter “i” followed by “Id, nd”.
/eɪ /is front, /ɪ/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letter "a" in
open syllables; the digraphs “ai, ay”; “ei, ey”.
/ɔɪ/ is back, /ɪ/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the digraph “oi,
oy”.
/eə/ is front, /ə/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letter
combinations “are, air”; the letter “a” in open accented syllable followed by “r”.
/ɪə/ is front, /ə/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letter
combinations “ere, ear, eer”; the letter combination “ier”; the letter “e” in open accented syllables
+ “r”.
/ʊə/ is back, /ə/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letter
combination “ure”; the letter “u” in open accented syllable.
/əʊ/ is central, /ʊ/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the letter “o” in
open syllables; the letter “o” followed by “II, Id, st”; the digraph “ow”; the digraph “oa”; the
letter “o” in word-final unstressed syllables.
/aʊ/ is frontl, /ʊ/ gliding diphthong. The diphthong is represented in spelling by the digraph
“ou”; the digraph “ow”.

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SPAM (Sentence Phonetic Analysis Model)

1. Define the communicative type of the sentence :

2. Show the syntagmatic division of the sentence

4. Transcribe the sentence

1. the word “_____” spelling of the word: /_/ /_/ /_/

3. Classify vowels and consonants

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