Rizal First Homecoming
Rizal First Homecoming
Rizal First Homecoming
• As early as 1884, Rizal wanted to go back to the Philippines for the following reasons:
His belief that the Spanish regime will not punish to innocent.
• After 5 years of his memorable sojourn in Europe, Rizal returned to the Philippines.
• However, Rizal was warned by the following not to return to the Philippines because his Noli Me
Tangere angered the friars:
• Rizal was determined to come back to the Philippines for the following reasons:
To serve his people who had long been oppressed by Spanish tyrants.
To find out for himself how the Noli Me Tangere and his other writings were affecting
Filipinos and Spaniards.
• On June 29, 1887, Rizal wrote his father about his homecoming.
• Rizal left Rome by train to Marseilles, a French port and boarded Djemnah on July 3, 1887, the same
steamer that brought him to Europe 5 years ago.
• When the ship reached Aden, the weather became rough and some of Rizal’s book got wet.
• In Saigon, (Ho Chi Minh), Vietnam – he transferred to another steamer, Haiphong, that brought him to
Manila on August 2, 1887, he reached Manila on August 6.
1. Happy Homecoming
German spy
A Protestant
A Mason
• Paciano – did not leave him during the first day after arrival to protect him from any enemy assault.
1. In Calamba
• Rizal treated her eyes but could not perform any surgical operation because her cataracts were not
yet ripe.
1. In Calamba
• Doctor Uliman – Rizal was called this name because he came from Germany
He earned P900 in a few months and P5,000 before he left the Philippines.
• He introduced European sports fencing and shooting to discourage them from cockfighting and
gambling.
• Leonor Rivera – Rizal tried to visit her in Tarlac but his parents for bade him to go because Leonor’s
mother did not like him for a son-in-law.
• As Rizal was peacefully living in Calamba, his enemies plotted his doom
• Governor General Emilio Terrero – wrote to Rizal requesting to come to Malacañ ang Palace.
Somebody had whispered to his ear that the Noli contains subversive ideas.
1. Storm over the Noli Me Tangere
Rizal explained to him that he merely exposed the truth, but did not advocate subversive
ideas
He was pleased by Rizal’s explanation and curious about the book, he asked for a copy of the
novel.
Rizal had no copy that time but promised to send one for him
● Rizal visited the Jesuit fathers to ask for their feedback on the novel.
Fr. Federico Faura – told Rizal that everything in the novel was the truth and warned him
that he may lose his head because of it.
● Governor-General Emilio Terrero – a liberal minded Spaniard who knew that Rizal’s life was in
jeopardy because the friars were powerful.
Archbishop of Manila
Sent a copy of the Noli to Fr. Gregorio Echevarria, Rector of the University of Santo Tomas to examine
the novel.
The committee that examined the Noli Me Tangere were composed of Dominican professors.
The report of the faculty members form UST about the Noli states that the novel was:
Heretical, impious and scandalous in the religious orders, and anti-patriotic, subversive of
public order, injurious to the government of Spain and its function in the Philippines Islands
in the political order.
1. The Attacks of Noli Me Tangere
Governor-General Terrero – was not satisfied with the report so he sent the novel to the Permanent
Commission of Censorship which was composed of priests and lawyers
Fr. Salvador Font – Augustinian friar curate of Tondo was the head of the commission.
The group found that the novel contain subversive ideas against the Church and Spain and
recommended that the importation, reproduction and circulation of the pernicious book in
the islands be absolutely prohibited.
Published a series of 8 pamphlets under the heading Questions of Supreme Interest to blast
the Noli and other anti- Spanish writing.
Many Filipinos were forced to buy them in order not to displease the friars.
• The novel was fiercely attacked in the session hall of the Senate of the Spanish Cortes.
• Senators:
• Vicente Barantes - Spanish academician of Madrid who formerly occupied high government position
on the Philippines bitterly criticized the novel in an article published in the Madrid newspaper, Las
Españ a Moderna.
• Propagandists such as Mercelo H. del Pilar, Granciano Lopez-Jeana, Antonio Ma. Regidor, Mariano
Ponce rushed to uphold the truths of the Noli.
• Father Francisco de Paula Sanchez –Rizal’s favorite teacher in Ateneo defended and praised the novel
in public.
• Rev. Fr. Vicente Garcia –a Filipino Catholic priest-scholar, a theologian of the Manila Cathedral and a
Tagalog translator of the famous Imitation of Christ by Thomas Kempis.
Under the pen name Justo Desiderio Magalang he wrote a defense of the novel published in
Singapore dated July 8, 1888.
2. Rizal cannot be an “ignorant man” as Fr. Rodriguez alleged, because he was a graduated of Spanish
universities and was a recipient of scholastic honors.
3. Rizal does not attack the Church and Spain because what Rizal attacked in the Noli Me Tangere were
the bad Spanish officials and not Spain, and the bad corrupt friars and not the Church.
4. Father Rodriguez said the those who read the Noli Me Tangere committed a mortal sin. Since he (Fr.
Rodriguez) had read the novel therefore he also committed mortal sin.
• Rizal cried because of his gratitude to his defenders especially to Fr. Garcia who defended him
unexpectedly.
• Upon hearing about the investigation, the people of Calamba asked helped from Rizal to gather facts
and list the grievances so that the government to impose certain reforms.
• After a thorough study of the conditions of the Calamba hacienda which the Dominician Order
owned since 1883.
• He wrote down his findings the tenants and the 3 officials of the hacienda signed on January 8, 1888
and was submitted to the governor general for action.
• The hacienda of the Dominican Order Comprised not only the lands around Calamba, but the whole
town of Calamba.
• The profits of the Dominician order continuously increased because of the arbitrary increase of the
rentals being paid by the tenants.
• The hacienda owner never contributed a single centavo for the celebration of the town fiesta; for the
education of the children and for the improvement of agriculture.
• Tenants who had spent much labor clearing the lands were ejected from their lands for flimsy
reasons.
• High rates of interest were charged from the tenants for delayed payment of rentals and;
• When the rental could not be paid, their carabaos, tools, and homes were confiscated.
1. Friars Reaction
1. Friars Reaction
• They asked Gov. Gen Terrero to deport Rizal but the latter refused for there is lack of charges against
Rizal court.
• Anonymous threats in Rizal’s life alarmed his parents, siblings, Andrade his bodyguard, friends, and
even Terrero, thus they all advised him to leave the country.
• His presence in Calamba is endangering the safe and happiness of his family and friends.
• He could fight better his enemies and serve his country efficiently by writing in foreign countries.
Himno Al Trabajo
• A poem for Lipa –shortly before Rizal left in 1888, he was asked by a friend to write a poem in
commemoration of the town’s cityhood.
• Himno Al Trabajo (Hymn To Labor) –title of the poem dedicated o the industrious people of Lipa.
1. Farewell Philippines
• But this is for his own good and the safety of his family and friends.