21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM country of origin.

 Panels - squares or rectangles that contain a single

THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD scene
Titles: Death Note, Full Metal Alchemist
 Gutters - space between panels
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*Graphic Novel & Manga 2. Superhero Story

Superhero graphic novels have taken the most  Dialog Balloons -contain communication
popular form of comics and turned what were once between/among characters
What is a Graphic Novel?
brief episodic adventures into epic sagas.  Thought Balloons -contain a character’s thoughts
"Graphic Novel" is a format, not a genre. Graphic
Superhero comics are dominated by a few  Captions -contain information about a scene or
novels can be fiction, non-fiction, history, fantasy, or
mainstream publishers Marvel, DC, and
anything in-between. character
Darkhorse.
Graphic novels are similar to comic books because  Sound Effects -visual sound clues i.e. Wonk!
Titles: Batman: Dark Knight Returns, League of
they use sequential art to tell a story. Unlike comic Pow!
Extraordinary Gentlemen, Astrocity.
books, graphic novels are generally stand-alone
stories with more complex plots. Collections of short How to Read a Graphic Novel Page
stories that have been previously published as
3. Personal Narratives ("Perzines")
Graphic novels are read left to right, just like
These are autobiographical stories written from the
individual comic books are also considered graphic traditional texts
author's personal experiences, opinions, and
novels.
observations. Dialog Balloons
Major Types of Graphic Novels o Dialog balloons are read left to right or top to
Titles: Fun Home, Blankets, Lucky, The Quitter. bottom as is appropriate.
Like traditional novels there are endless ways to
categorize different graphic novels. There are as many o Sometimes it can get a little more complicated.
genres and sub-genres as in traditional fiction and non- 4. Non-fiction
But the basic left to right rule still applies to panels
fiction. These are similar to perzine's in that they are
and dialog balloons as well.
written from the author's personal experience, but
The following are only a few of the most predominant the author is generally using their own experience Major/Genres Types…………………………
categories. to
o Manga touch upon a greater social issue.  Humor
o Superhero Story  Non-Fiction
o Personal Narratives ("Perzines") Titles: Pedro and Me, Maus, Persepolis.  Fantasies
o Non-fiction ------------------------------------------------------------------  Adaptations or Spin-offs
 Same format as comic books  Realistic Fiction
1. Manga  Personal Stories
 Text & illustrations present information
The Japanese word for "comic" but in the US is
 Medium, not genre
used to descript Japanese style comics. Manga is ..…MANGA…..
read from top to bottom and right to left as this is  Book-length, usually contain one story
the traditional Japanese reading pattern. Though,  Manga - comic books
technically Manga refers to Japanese comics, A Graphic Novel  Period before WWII - beginning of modern
many think Manga refers to a style rather than the Page……………………. manga
Pages consist of a variety of elements
 Manga is the Japanese word for comics-literally  Often, if you start at what looks like the front of
translated it means the Manga, you will see a message like this
 Panels are read right to left
“whimsical pictures”
 As are dialog balloons
Common Manga Character Traits
- Large, expressive eyes
- Small noses
- Tiny mouths
…Manga VS Anime…
Anime ( アニメ , a shortened form of アニ
メ ー シ ョ ン , which is literally "animation" when
written Types of Manga
as a loanword in Japanese) are Japanese animated
• Shônen: Boy’s Manga (Show-Nen)
cartoon videos.
• Shôjo: Girl’s Manga (Show-Joe)
These air on television or are released to home
• Seinen: Men’s Manga (Say-Nen)
video. Producing an anime is a large undertaking, and
• Josei: Women’s Manga (Joe-Say)
requires the work of an animation studio with a large
• Kodomo: Children’s Manga (Kow-Dow-Mow)
number of people.
Manga Adaptations
Manga (漫画, which could be literally read Popular & Respected
as "whimsical drawings") are Japanese comics. Unlike  Read by everyone
anime, they're typically black and white. Manga are  Artists & writers well respected
often used as the basis for anime, but not every anime  Much anime based on manga
is from a manga and most manga are never made into  Perceived as subversive=attractive!
anime.  Ratings
Manga usually only requires a small number of
 “God of Manga” Osamu Tezuka
people to produce, at minimum a mangaka (who is the
 Hayayo Miyazaki - Spirited Away (first anime to
author, illustrator, and all other major roles) and an
win Academy Award)
editor. Unlike western comic books, most manga are
read right-to-left. First comic “strip”
How to read a Manga  Appeared in New York World: 1895
Page…………………………...  R. F. Outcault
Unlike traditional western books,  Increased sales
Manga is read right-to-left and “back” to “front”
President Obama collects both Spider-Man and
Conan the Barbarian comics