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NumPy (Numeric Python)

It is a package (https://numpy.org/doc/stable/user/absolute_beginners.html) which provides us with speed in mathematical
calculation on our data.

Provides the NumPy Array as an alternative to the regular Python List to execute element-wise (i.e. element by element)
operations among the elements of a sequence of numbers as well as execute arithmetic operators, such as +, -, * and /; and
relational operetions, such as >, <, == among vectors, matrices and tensors.

NumPy Array
In computer science an Array is a data structure (class) that stores values very much like lists, except that the type of objects
stored in them is constrained, that is, all of the elements should be of the same type. The biggest advantage of using an array is
that it can be used to store vectors, matrices and tensors; and therefore, we can execute element-wise operations and
vector/matrix operations using arrays.

The NumPy package provides a container for the array data structure, this is called the NumPy Array
(https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.10.0/glossary.html#term-array). Arrays may have several dimensions; for example, a 1-
dimensional array (1D array) can be used to store a vector with the coordinates of a point in 3D space. In NumPy dimensions are
also called axes. A 2-dimensional array has two corresponding axes: the first running vertically downwards across rows (axis 0),
and the second running horizontally across columns (axis 1).

78382numpy_arrays.png

The compational representation of the vector is, 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑦([7,2,9,10]) , it has just one axis. In addtion, this axis has 4 elements in it,
so we say it has a length of 4. In the next example, we want to store a matrix (2 dimensions) in an array, so the array has 2 axes.
The first axis (axis 0) has a length of 2, the second axis (axis 1) has a length of 3. This array has 6 components.

𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : ∗𝑀𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝐴𝑚,𝑛 = [ 𝐴𝐴1121 𝐴𝐴1222 𝐴𝐴1323 ]
𝐸𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒
5.2 3.0 4.5
[ 9.1 0.1 0.3 ]
∗𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑦([[5.2,3.0,4.5],[9.1,0.1,0.3]])
Tensor - nD array

A tensor is an array of mathematical objects (usually numbers or functions) which transforms according to certain rules under
coordinates change. In an 𝑛𝐷 space (ex. 2D and 3D), a tensor of rank- has𝑘 𝑛𝑘 components which may be specified with
0
reference to a given coordinate system. Accordingly, a scalar, such as temperature, is a rank- tensor with (assuming a 3D space)
302 = 1 1 31 = 3
    component, a vector, such as force, is a rank- tensor with     components, and stress is a rank- tensor with 2
3 =9
    components. So the rank is independent of the number of space dimensions (nD).

Notes: Stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighbouring particles of a continuous material exert on
each other

2
A very common structure is the rank- tensor, a 3x3 matrix which represents the map of one 3D thing into another 3D thing.
2
"General Relativity" uses a lot of rank- tensors in 4 dimensions of space time, represented by a 4x4 matrix.

In the next figure is graphically illustrated the structure of a rank-3 tensor in a 3D space. (Taken from Taha Sochi, Principles of
tensor calculus).

QUESTION: What are the axes' lenghts of this tensor?

3-rank_tensor.png

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conv_rgb.png

RESPUESTA: Este tensor tiene tres ejes y cada eje tiene una longitud de 3

Importing a NumPy Array

In order to use Numpy Array we need first to import the Numpy Package. We import it as an object called "np". Usually this object
is called "np" but it can get any name.

In [1]: # Usually, we first create a "np" object of the numpy package.

import numpy as np

Creating a NumPy Array

In order to store a vector (1-dimensional array), a matrix (2 dimensional array) or a tensor (n dimensional array); we need to create
an object of the NumPy’s array class called ndarray. <class 'numpy.ndarray'> (N-dimensional array). It is also known as "array".

In [2]: #Let's create an array object that stores a vector

#vector_object = np.array(1,2,3,4) # WRONG
#In order to create an array you need to provide lists
new_array = np.array([1,2,3,4]) # RIGHT
print(type(new_array))
new_array

<class 'numpy.ndarray'>

Out[2]: array([1, 2, 3, 4])

How to encapsulate (or store) either a vector or a matrix into a Array

In [3]: vector_object = np.array([1,2,3,4])

print(type(vector_object))
vector_object

<class 'numpy.ndarray'>

Out[3]: array([1, 2, 3, 4])

In [4]: matrix_object = np.array([[1,0,0],[0,1,2]])

matrix_object

Out[4]: array([[1, 0, 0],

[0, 1, 2]])

In [5]: #We want to check the dimensions of the previous vector and matrix
print(vector_object.ndim)
print(matrix_object.ndim)

1
2

It is expected that a vector has a dimension equals to 1, and a matrix a dimension equals to 2

In [6]: #Now let's figure our the lenght of the axes

print(vector_object.shape)
print(matrix_object.shape)

(4,)
(2, 3)

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Matrix mathematical concepts

QUESTION: What's the difference between element-wise multiplication and matrix multiplication?

matrixmul.png

Element-wise multiplication

𝑐1 = 𝑎1 𝑏1
𝑐2 = 𝑎2 𝑏2
Matrix multiplication

𝑐1 = 𝑎1 𝑏1 + 𝑎2 𝑏4 + 𝑎3 𝑏7
𝑐2 = 𝑎1 𝑏2 + 𝑎2 𝑏5 + 𝑎3 𝑏8
𝑛
𝑐𝑖𝑗 = 𝑎𝑖1 𝑏1𝑗 + 𝑎𝑖2 𝑏2𝑗 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑛𝑗 = ∑ 𝑎𝑖𝑘 𝑏𝑘𝑗
𝑘=1

Python Lists can't execute element-wise operations

To ilustrate it, let's try to calculate the body mass index (BMI) for several people

BMI = weight
height
kg
2 m
In [7]: #height is a list with the height of several people
height = [1.73, 1.56, 1.67, 1.69]
# mass or weight
weight = [80.3, 55.6, 65.5, 70.6]
#Let´s try to calculate the BMI for all of the people just by doing arithmetic operatorions between lists
BMI_calculation = weight / height **2

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[7], line 6
4 weight = [80.3, 55.6, 65.5, 70.6]
5 #Let´s try to calculate the BMI for all of the people just by doing arithmetic operatorions betwe
en lists
----> 6 BMI_calculation = weight / height **2

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'list' and 'int'

The output returns TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'list' and 'int'

This means we are not able to do this calculation that way. Probably we will need to do something like this:

In [ ]: %%time
height = [1.73, 1.56, 1.67, 1.69]
# mass or weight
weight = [80.3, 55.6, 65.5, 70.6]
​
bmi_list = []
for i in range(4):
bmi_list.append(weight[i] / (height[i]**2))

print(bmi_list)

Array Concepts

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Vectorization
Vectorization efficiently applies operations to groups of elements. Using vectorization we can execute element-wise operations

Unlike lists, numpy arrays can execute element-wise operations, such as arithmetic (+,-,*,/) and relational (>,<,==,!=) operations
among arrays and even with numerical values.

In [ ]: %%time
height = [1.73, 1.56, 1.67, 1.69, 1.66]
# mass or weight
weight = [80.3, 55.6, 65.5, 70.6, 62]
#Create the arrays
height_array = np.array(height)
weight_array = np.array(weight)
​
#Aritmethic operarion between an array and a numerical value
square_height = height_array ** 2
​
#Arithmetic operation among arrays
bmi = weight_array / square_height
bmi
#print(bmi)

Indexing
Indexing an array returns single elements, subarrays or elements that satisfy a specific condition.

Indexing for copying, with mask

EXCERCISE: Create a boolean numpy array where each element of the array should be True if the corresponding person's BMI is
<
below 23. You can use the operator for this. Name the new array as "light".

In [ ]: light = np.array(bmi<23)

​

In [ ]: print(light)

Indexing for viewing, with mask

Now, let's print out a numpy array with the BMIs of only the people whose BMI is below 23. We use "light" inside square brackets to
do a selection on the "bmi" array. We can use square brackets to subset numpy arrays.

In [ ]: print(bmi[light])

Subsetting Numpy Arrays (Indexing)

Let's define a matrix 𝐴, where we want to get the 𝐴23 value
𝐴 = 𝐴𝑚,𝑛 = [ 𝐴𝐴11 𝐴𝐴12 𝐴𝐴13 ]
21 22 23
𝐴 = 𝐴𝑚,𝑛 = [ 10 01 02 ]
Remember that in Numpy Arrays the index of the first element is 0, and the last index is 𝑁 − 1, where 𝑁 is the lenght of the axes.
In [ ]: A = np.array([[1,0,0],[0,1,2]])
print(A)
print(A[1][2])
#As alternative we can also get that value with this sintax
print(A[1,2])

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Slicing and dicing

Subsetting several elements at once

subset = my_array[row, start_column:end_column]

subset = my_array[start_row:end_row, column]

subset = my_array[start_row:end_row, start_column:end_column]

In [ ]: #We can also get an entire row

R1 = A[1,0:3]
R1

In [ ]: #Alternative code to get an entire row

R1 = A[1,:]
R1

EXCERCISE: Subset the matrix A to get this 2𝑥2 matrix B

𝐵 = 𝐵𝑚,𝑛 = [ 𝐴𝐴1121 𝐴𝐴1222 ] = [ 10 01 ]
In [ ]: B = np.array([A[0,0:2],A[1,0:2]])

In [ ]: print(B)

EXCERCISE 2: Subset the matrix A to get this new matrix C:

𝐶 = 𝐶𝑚,𝑛 = [ 𝐴𝐴1323 ] = [ 02 ]
In [ ]: C = np.array([A[0,2],A[1,2]])

In [ ]: print(C[0:,None])

In [ ]: print(C)

Reducing Numpy Arrays (Reduction)

Let's define a matrix A, where we want to get the sum of the all of the values in each column. That is:

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑚,𝑛 = [ 𝐴𝐴1121 𝐴𝐴1222 𝐴𝐴1323 ]

𝑆 = 𝑆𝑛 = [ 𝐴11 + 𝐴21 𝐴12 + 𝐴22 𝐴13 + 𝐴23 ]
Reduction operations act along one or more axes. In this example, an array is summed along the axis 0 to produce a vector.

In [ ]: A = np.array([[1,0,0],[0,1,2]])
S = sum(A)
print(S)

Broadcasting
Let's explore the broadcasting in the element-wise multiplication of two-dimensional arrays.

𝐵∘𝐶
in code B * C .

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𝐵 ∘ 𝐶 = [1 0 ] ∘ [0]
In [ ]: print(B*C)

Matrix Multiplication
Let's explore a matrix multiplication

𝐵⋅𝐶
in code B @ C .

𝐵 ⋅ 𝐶 = [ 10 01 ][ 02 ]
In [ ]: print(B@C)

In [ ]: suma_matrices = B*0.2

print(suma_matrices)

Question: What is the difference between broadcasting and matrix multiplication?

RESPUESTA: El BROADCASTING es la multiplicacion de elemento a elemento entre matrices y con arreglos multidimensionales
con diferentes dimensiones, lo cual nos quiere dar a entender que estas se multiplican elemento a elemento entre las filas y las
columnas teniendo asi una matriz con el numero de columnas de la primera y el numero de filas de la segunda. Por otro lado la
MULTIPLIACION DE MATRICES tiene que cumplir que el numero de las columnas de la primera matriz debe ser igual al numero
de filas de la segunda matriz, en el cual se determinara cada termino de la matriz con la multiplicacion y sumatoria de las filas y
columnas.

Test (80%):
We want to calculate the weighted grade (from 0 to 5) that gets a student who took several quizzes and did several projects during
an academic period. The number of quizzes and projects is variable. It's known that there are 3 academic periods in the semester.
The first one accounts for 35% of the final grade, the second one another 35%, and the third one the remaining 30%, for a total of
100%. However, in every academic period, projects weigh more than quizzes, at least in the first and second periods quizzes
weigh 10% and projects 25%, but these percentages can also be variables. Each quiz weighs the same, as well as each project
weighs the same too. Quizzes a projects grades are from 0 to 100.

Requirements:

1. The data must be modeled as a matrix, rows are students and colunms are the grades that got each student in each of the
quizzes and projects. Create an excel file to fill out a table with the grades of at least 3 students in order to test your program;
however, the solution must work for any number of students, and no matter how many quices and proyects a student took in a
academic period --- Read the excel file using pandas library and convert the data to numpy array.
2. The number of quizzes and projects are inputs as well as their percentage in an academic period. You may also create a table
in excel to read this data.
3. Define the variables for the problem and create a mathematical model for the solution. The model should have matrix and
vector operations.
4. Solve the problem using array arithmetic with numpy. Use vectorization instead of "for loops". In addition, you may use
broadcasting and matrix multiplications.
5. The output must be a column vector with weighted grades (from 0 to 5), where each element of the vector is the weighted
grade of each student.
6. Find the average grade for the course (all the students). Use the methods of the numpy array objects.

∗ ∗ 𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑈𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁 ∗ ∗

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Entrada

P: vector % de proyectos y los quices por periodos, donde el % total es el 100%

Nn: Vector del numero de notas de proyectos y quices para los cortes

grades: Matriz de notas de quices, talleres y proyecto de 0 a 100 para los 3 cortes, para cada estudiante

Salida

V_grades: vector para las calificaciones ponderadas por estudiante (Estas van entre 0 y 5)

Promedio_curso: nota promedio de todo el curso

𝑀𝑂𝐷𝐸𝐿𝑂 − 𝑀𝐴𝑇𝐸𝑀𝐴𝑇𝐼𝐶𝑂
Variables: s = #estudiantes, n = #notas de proyectos y quices por corte, c = #corte

 𝑝𝑛𝑛𝑞1 
𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑗𝑒 − 𝑑𝑒 − 𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 𝑃 𝑁𝑛𝑐,1 =  𝑝𝑛...𝑛𝑝1 
 𝑝𝑛 
𝑛𝑐
🔻

[ 𝑄111 𝑄121 𝑃111 𝑃121 𝑄211 𝑄221 𝑃211 𝑃221 𝑄311 𝑄321 𝑃311 𝑃321 𝑄112 𝑄122 𝑃112 𝑃122 𝑄212
🔻
 𝑄111 
 𝑄121 
 𝑃𝑃111 
 𝑄122111 
𝑃 𝑁12,1 =  𝑄𝑃 221 
 𝑃212211 
 𝑄311 
 𝑄321 
 𝑃311 
𝑃321
🔻
 𝑔1,𝑛𝑞1 𝑔1,𝑛𝑝1 .. 𝑔1,𝑛𝑞𝑐 𝑔1,𝑛𝑝𝑐 
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 = 𝐺𝑠,𝑛 =  𝑔2,𝑛𝑞. 1 𝑔2,𝑛𝑝. 1 .. 𝑔2,𝑛𝑞. 𝑐 𝑔2,𝑛𝑝. 𝑐 
 . . 𝑔𝑠,𝑛𝑞𝑐 𝑔𝑠,𝑛𝑝𝑐 
NOTAS POR ESTUDIANTE:

𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑑𝑒 − 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠
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𝑁 𝑠𝑛𝑓,𝑠 = 𝐺 ⋅ 𝑃𝑁
🔻
𝑛
𝑁 𝑠𝑖𝑗 = 𝑔𝑖1 𝑝𝑛1𝑗 + 𝑔𝑖2 𝑝𝑛2𝑗 + ⋯ + 𝑔𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑛𝑛𝑗 = ∑ 𝑔𝑖𝑘 𝑝𝑛𝑘𝑗
𝑘=1
🔻
 𝑁𝑠𝑛𝑓1 
𝑁 𝑠𝑛𝑓,𝑠 =  ... 
 𝑁𝑠 
𝑛𝑓𝑠

PROMEDIO TOTAL DEL CURSO:

Para poder promediar la matriz usamos: np.average(Ns).

𝑛

In [8]: #Importamos librerias

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

In [9]: #Importar base de datos excel

Notas_Estudiantes = pd.read_excel("calificacionesPC2.xlsx")

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In [10]: Notas_Estudiantes.head(30)

Out[10]:
Programación Unnamed: Unnamed:
Unnamed: 2 30 ene 06 feb 06 feb.1 13 feb 13 feb
MECA B 1 3

Quiz de
Conceptos
Complejidad
Notación básicos de Quiz
0 NaN NaN NaN NaN Funciones de tiempo
O grande matemáticas Indexa
de
con python
algoritmos

ABRIR
1 NaN NaN NaN 100 100 100 100 1
CLASSROOM

2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN Na

Media de la
3 NaN NaN 0.694348 78.26087 43.478261 63.043478 68.26087 78.260
clase

Peña Andres
4 [email protected] 0.795455 100 50 50 80
Bohorquez Felipe

Camacho Andres
5 [email protected] 0.695455 100 30 50 50 1
Pinto Julian

Carlos
6 Lemus López [email protected] 0.727273 100 50 100 90 1
David

Cristian
7 Bolivar Rincon [email protected] 0.490909 0 0 0 40
Camilo

Cristian
8 Aponte Prieto [email protected] 0.754545 100 0 100 80 1
David

Daniel
9 Peña Diaz [email protected] 0.777273 100 100 50 80
Alberto

Gutierrez Daniel
10 [email protected] 0.609091 100 0 100 40 1
Rodriguez Andres

Duvan
11 Pérez Melo [email protected] 0.704545 100 50 0 100 1
Santiago

Gonzalez Gabriel
12 [email protected] 0.781818 100 50 50 80
Tellez Eduardo

Marquez Hugo
13 [email protected] 0.559091 100 20 50 0 1
Garcia Esteban

Velasquez Jonathan
14 [email protected] 0.727273 100 20 50 60
Sanchez Stiven

Juan
15 Rojas Arango [email protected] 0.720000 0 50 50 80 1
Nicolas

Juan
16 Florez Forero [email protected] 0.786364 100 50 100 80
Pablo

Julian
17 Leon Pedreros [email protected] 0.754545 100 0 100 80 1
Andres

Gonzalez
18 Luis Felipe [email protected] 0.781818 100 20 50 100 1
Latorre

Villarreal Maria
19 [email protected] 0.136364 100 0 50 0
Moreno Paula

Rocha
20 Nicolas [email protected] 0.536364 0 50 0 60
Sanchez

21 Rojas Cabrera Nicolas [email protected] 0.827273 100 100 100 90 1

Araque
22 Rafael Isai [email protected] 0.813636 100 100 50 80 1
Monterroso

23 Ojeda Samuel [email protected] 0.672727 100 20 100 60 1

Samuel
24 Chaparro Ortiz [email protected] 0.859091 100 40 100 90 1
Alejandro

Herrera
25 Santiago [email protected] 0.750000 0 100 100 70 1
Rodriguez

Rivera
26 Santiago [email protected] 0.709091 0 100 50 80
Mendivelso

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In [11]: notas_array = Notas_Estudiantes.values

In [12]: notas = notas_array[4:,4:]

In [13]: notas = 5 * notas / 100

In [14]: #Aqui vamos a imprimir las notas en los estudiantes en arrays.

print(notas)

[[5.0 2.5 2.5 4.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 4.75 0.0]
[5.0 1.5 2.5 2.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 2.5 4.25 0.0]
[5.0 2.5 5.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 5.0 3.0 0.0]
[0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0]
[5.0 0.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.0]
[5.0 5.0 2.5 4.0 2.5 3.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 3.25 0.0]
[5.0 0.0 5.0 2.0 5.0 1.5 5.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.0]
[5.0 2.5 0.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 0.0 4.75 0.0]
[5.0 2.5 2.5 4.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 4.0 0.0]
[5.0 1.0 2.5 0.0 5.0 3.25 2.5 5.0 0.0 2.5 4.0 0.0]
[5.0 1.0 2.5 3.0 2.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 4.0 0.0]
[0.0 2.5 2.5 4.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 4.1 0.0]
[5.0 2.5 5.0 4.0 2.5 3.5 5.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 3.25 0.0]
[5.0 0.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 3.5 0.0]
[5.0 1.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 3.0 0.0]
[5.0 0.0 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
[0.0 2.5 0.0 3.0 2.5 3.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 2.5 3.5 0.0]
[5.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 2.5 4.5 0.0]
[5.0 5.0 2.5 4.0 5.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 3.75 0.0]
[5.0 1.0 5.0 3.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 0.0 2.5 3.0 0.0]
[5.0 2.0 5.0 4.5 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 4.25 0.0]
[0.0 5.0 5.0 3.5 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 3.75 0.0]
[0.0 5.0 2.5 4.0 2.5 4.5 5.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 3.0 0.0]]

In [15]: #Aqui realizamos e importamos otro excel con las notas ponderadas de los quices, talleres y proyecto final
Entrada = pd.read_excel("ponderadosPC2.xlsx", index_col = 0)

In [16]: Entrada.head()

Out[16]:
T1 Q1 P1

Programacion

Porcentaje 0.25 0.25 0.5

Cantidad 4.00 7.00 1.0

In [17]: Entrada_num = Entrada.values

porcentajes = Entrada_num[0,:]
cantidad = Entrada_num[1,:]

In [18]: ponderados = porcentajes / cantidad

print(ponderados)

[0.0625 0.03571429 0.5 ]

In [19]: #Repetimos la matiz de porcentajes de talleres, proyectos y quices por el corte

Vector_ponderados = np.repeat(ponderados, cantidad.tolist(), axis=0)
print(Vector_ponderados)

[0.0625 0.0625 0.0625 0.0625 0.03571429 0.03571429

0.03571429 0.03571429 0.03571429 0.03571429 0.03571429 0.5 ]

In [20]: Cantidad_notas_C1 = cantidad[0:3].sum()

print(Cantidad_notas_C1)

12.0

localhost:8889/notebooks/Solucion-Parcial-Andres-Peña...ipynb# 10/11
16/4/23, 21:29 Solucion-Parcial-Andres-Peña.. - Jupyter Notebook

In [21]: Notas_C1 = notas[:,0:int(Cantidad_notas_C1)]

ponderados_C1 = Vector_ponderados[0:int(Cantidad_notas_C1)]

In [22]: Notas_C1.shape

Out[22]: (23, 12)

In [23]: ponderados_C1.shape

Out[23]: (12,)

In [25]: Nota_C1 = Notas_C1 @ ponderados_C1

In [26]: print(Nota_C1)

[1.9375 1.6741071428571428 1.8839285714285716 1.0178571428571428

1.857142857142857 1.96875 1.5178571428571426 1.71875 1.9107142857142856
1.325892857142857 1.7366071428571428 1.6553571428571427
1.9866071428571428 1.857142857142857 1.8973214285714286 0.46875
1.200892857142857 2.1473214285714284 2.0401785714285716
1.6964285714285714 2.1294642857142856 1.8348214285714284
1.7008928571428572]

In [ ]: ​

localhost:8889/notebooks/Solucion-Parcial-Andres-Peña...ipynb# 11/11