BASIC STATISTICS

EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1 [2+(2+2)+2+2 = 10 marks]

a) In conducting a hypothesis test for a certain claim, the critical value is calculated to be
Z  / 2   1 . 96 . State what type of test this is and define/state the critical regions.
b) The test statistic is Z = 1.58, the size of the test is  = 0.01, and the null hypothesis is H0:   42
meters.
(i) Find the critical value, and define/show the critical region.
(ii) What is your conclusion regarding H0?
c) Suppose the P-value is 0.076 and  = 0.05, what is your conclusion regarding H0:   100 years?
d) Suppose the alternative hypothesis is H1:  > 15, and the test statistics is Z = 2.12, what is the P-
value? [Note: level of significance is the standard 5%]

QUESTION 2 [3+3+3+3 = 12 marks]

A researcher of a car producer wants to study the relationship between the speed of a car (X) and the
fuel consumption rates (Y) as measured in kilometers per Liter (Km/L). Using the following
information obtained from the research, answer the questions that follow.

n  10 , X  419 , Y  97 . 4 , XY  3751 . 7 , X
2
 19909 , Y 2
 1006 . 8 , b   0 . 14 ,
 198 .
2
s x  16 . 17
2
, sy

a) Find the standard deviation of X, and of Y.

b) Compute the correlation coefficient r, and explain what its value means in relation to the data.
c) Which variable has more variation? Determine by the coefficient of variation.
d) Determine the equation of the relationship between X and Y, and explain what the regression
coefficient (the slope) means in that relationship.
e) Compute the coefficient of determination and explain what this measure tells you about the data.

QUESTION 3 [2+(2+3)+(2+2+2)] = 13 marks]

Students in a class take a quiz with eight questions. The random variable X represents the number of
questions answered correctly. Use the probability distribution (which provides the number of questions
answered and their respective corresponding probabilities) below to answer the questions which follow.

X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total
f(x) 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.22 0.30 0.16 0.08 1
x f(x)
x2 f(x)

a) Complete the table by filling in the missing spaces.

b) Compute the
 (i) Mean. E(X) =
(ii) Standard deviation of the number of cakes sold per day.
c) What is the probability that the students answered:
(i) exactly 6 questions;
(ii) at least 4 questions; and
(iii) 5 or less questions.

QUESTION 4 [4+3+3 = 10 marks]

1. A multiple-choice quiz has 15 questions. Each question has five possible answers, of which one is correct.
Let X be the number of correct answers.
n x n x
a) Determine the probability function of X (will be in the form f ( x )    p (1  q ) , x  0 , 1 , 2 , ......., n . )
 
x
 
b) What is the probability that sheer guess work will yield 5 correct answers?
c) What is the probability that sheer guess work will yield between 4 and 7 correct answers (excluding 4
and 7)?

QUESTION 5 [3+3+4 = 10 marks]

2. A soft drink machine is regulated so that it discharges an average of 250 milliliters per cup. If the amount of
drink (X) is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 25 milliliters;
a) What is the probability that a randomly selected cup will contain at most 252 milliliters of drinks?
b) What is probability that a randomly selected cup will contain between 239 and 259 milliliters of drinks?
c) Below what amount of drink will be the smallest 25% of the drinks?

QUESTION 6 [5 marks]

A sample of 500 nursing applications included 60 from men. Find the 90% confidence interval of the
true proportion of men who applied to the nursing program. [Confidence interval concerning
population proportion]

QUESTION 7 [10 marks]

A used car dealer says that the mean price of a 2008 Honda CR-V is at least K20,500. You suspect this
claim is incorrect and find that a random sample of 14 similar vehicles has a mean price of K19,850
and a standard deviation of K1,084. Is there enough evidence to reject the dealer’s claim at   0 . 05 .
Assume the population is normally distributed. [Test of hypothesis concerning population mean]
H0:
H1:

Question 8 [10 marks]

A research center claims that 25% of college graduates think a college degree is not worth the cost.
You decide to test this claim and ask a random sample of 200 college graduates whether they think a
college degree is not worth the cost. Of those surveyed, 21% reply yes. At   0 . 10 , is there enough
evidence to reject the claim? [Test of hypothesis concerning population proportion]
H0:
H1:

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Question 9 [10 marks]

A company claims that the standard deviation of the lengths of time it takes an incoming telephone call
to be transferred to the correct office is less than 1.4 minutes. A random sample of 25 incoming
telephone calls has a standard deviation of 1.1 minutes. At   0 . 10 , is there enough evidence to
support the company’s claim? Assume the population is normally distributed. [State all parts of a
statistical test] – Test of hypothesis concerning population variance.
H0:
H1:

Question 10 [5 marks]

For question 8 above, the level of significance is   0 . 10 and the test statistic is z   1 . 31 . Can you use
the P-value method to reach the same conclusion which you reached in question 8?
Hint: H0: p  0 . 25 and H1: p  0 . 25

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