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Impressionism (1860 - 1890)

Impressionism developed in Paris between 1860-1890 among artists such as Monet, Degas, Cassatt, Renoir, Manet, and Morisot. They sought to capture fleeting impressions and the ever-changing effects of light through loose brushwork, vibrant color, and visible brush strokes. The Impressionists broke from the French Academy's preference for polished works by exhibiting their own pieces, which were often rejected from the Salon. Influenced by photography, Japanese art, and new color theories, Impressionist works depicted landscapes, leisure activities, and the effects of light on modern cityscapes and interiors.

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Chane De Almeida
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74 views12 pages

Impressionism (1860 - 1890)

Impressionism developed in Paris between 1860-1890 among artists such as Monet, Degas, Cassatt, Renoir, Manet, and Morisot. They sought to capture fleeting impressions and the ever-changing effects of light through loose brushwork, vibrant color, and visible brush strokes. The Impressionists broke from the French Academy's preference for polished works by exhibiting their own pieces, which were often rejected from the Salon. Influenced by photography, Japanese art, and new color theories, Impressionist works depicted landscapes, leisure activities, and the effects of light on modern cityscapes and interiors.

Uploaded by

Chane De Almeida
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/10/2011

Impressionism(1860 1890)
DevelopedinParisatSalondes Independants &SalondesRefuses(Claude Monet,EdgarDegas,MaryCassat,Pierre Auguste Renoir,Edouard Manet,Berthe Morisot)

CharacteristicsofImpressionism
Artistsconcernedwithcapturingeverchangingfaceofnature,fleeting impressionspassedbeforetheeye,personsinaction Treat subject in terms of tone and not the subject itself Treatsubjectintermsoftoneandnotthesubjectitself Negativecriticism:sketchy&unfinished,slapdash,artistsarecriminals, enemiesofbeauty. Directobservation changingqualitiesoflight&colour causedby weatherconditions,timesofday&seasons Reflections&shadowsimportantsubjectmatter Monet:Trytoforgettheobjectsyouhavebeforeyou atree,house, field merelythink,heresalittlesquareofblue,anoblongofpink paint it (the objects) just as it looks to you. paintit(theobjects)justasitlookstoyou. Loosehandlingofpaint,fresh&vibrantcolour Colours appliedinquick,spontaneousbrushstrokes Useofsketchy,visiblebrushwork Commitmenttodepictionofcontemporarylife

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Historyofdevelopmentof Impressionism
FrenchAcademyatSalonworshippedchangeless qualitiesofclassicalart qualitiesofclassicalart artwasjudged accordingtostandardsofpreviousworks,notby evidenceofpersonalexperience ExhibitionatSaloncouldmakeorbreakartists reputation AccordingtoFrenchAcademy,anexhibitionisa culturalexperienceenjoyedinonesbestclothes, cultural experience enjoyed in ones best clothes liketheopera Salonpreferredaccessibleworks,likeAdolphe WilliamBourguereaus ReturnofSpring

Bourguereau:ReturnofSpring(1886)

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HistoryofImpressionism(continues)
Impressionistartistsworkoftennotincludedin Academy sSalonexhibitions decidedtohaveown Academys Salon exhibitions decided to have own exhibition=SalondesIndependants! DeclinepowerofAcademy SalonrejectedmanyImpressionistworks=Salondes Refuses!(1863) showrejectedworktopublic During18th century:emergenceofartcriticism developmentofpopularpress d l t f l TermImpressionismderogatorytermusedbycritic LouisLeroyinresponsetounfinishedqualityof Monetspainting:Impression:Sunrise(1872)

Monet:ImpressionSunrise(1872)

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InfluencesonImpressionism
1. Photography Fi t Firstpopularphotographicprocessavailable l h t hi il bl togeneralpublic daguerreotype(1839) Possibilitiesbecameendless Edweard Muybridgeforthefirsttime recordedactualmovementsofgalloping horse allfourfeetoffthegroundwhen underneathhorse,notwhenstretchedoutas previouslybelieved

Muybridge:GallopingHorse(1878)

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Influenceofphotography(continues)
New&differentperspectives birdseyeview &wormseyeview & i Objectscapturedinaction Paintings&drawingscroppedlikecareless photograph

Degas:WomanIroning(1869)

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Degas:BalletClass(1881)

Degas:TheTub(1886)

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InfluencesonImpressionism (continues)
2.Japonisme (FrenchtermforJapanese aesthetic) th ti ) JapanopeneduptradewiththeWest(1854) ParisUniversalExhibition(1867):Japanese woodblockprintsonview Impressionist artists fascinated by flat Impressionistartistsfascinatedbyflat colourful patterns,highcontrasts,minimal shading,blackoutlines&abstractflatness

KatsushikaHokusai:UnderthewaveofKanagawa (182933)
PartofThirtysixViewsofMountFuji series

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Cassatt:TheCoiffure(1891)

InfluencesonImpressionism (Continues)
3.Colour theory(light&colour) Fields of physics & optics breakthrough in Fieldsofphysics&optics breakthroughin understandingofcolour PrincipalsofHarmoniesandContrastsofColour andtheirApplicationtotheArts Eugene Chevreul (1839) Colours nexttoeachotherinfluenceandmodify perceptionofit ti f it Colour seenaloneappearstobesurroundedby specificcomplementarycolour likefainthalo

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SubjectmatterofImpressionism
1. Light:effectsofnatural&artificial,interior light(theaterspotlights&caflanterns) li ht (th t tli ht & f l t ) 2. Landscapes:artistspreferredworkingoutside (directobservation&inventionoftubed paints!) Monet:Waterlily Monet: Waterlily Pond(1904)

Subjects(continues)
3.Joiedevivre:scenesofcontemporaryleisure, activities&entertainment ti iti & t t i t Strongfeelingofpleasureatthevisual experienceofnature Importanceofspontaneity,truthofthe moment

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Renoir:LeMoulindelaGalette (1876)

Renoir:Luncheonoftheboatingparty(1881)

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Manet:ABaratFoliesBergere (18811882)

Subjects(continues)
4.Cityscape:Urbanlifestyleofindustrialized Paris filledwithcrowdsengagedinurban P i fill d ith d di b activities machine,railwayengine,stations,bridges becamebackdropofpainting

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Monet:BoulevarddesCapucines (1873)

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