Chapter 15

How to design strippers

1.1.5 Die Assembly
Figure 1.5 is a pictorial view of the entire
die as shown in Figure 1.2. The die
pierces two holes at the first station, and
then the part is blanked out at the
second station.
The material from which the blanks are
removed is a cold-rolled steel strip. Cold-
rolled steel is a smooth, medium-hard
steel, and it gets its name from the
process by which it is produced. It is
rolled, cold, between rollers under high
pressure to provide a smooth surface.
The strip A is shown entering the die at
the right.
 15.1 INTRODUCTION
• Stripper plates remove the material strip from around blanking and piercing punches. Severe adhesion of
strip to punches is characteristic of the die cutting process. Because of their low cost, solid strippers are the
most frequently used type, particularly when running strip stock. Spring strippers, though more complex,
should be used when the following conditions are present:
1-When perfectly flat, accurate blanks are required, spring strippers flatten the sheet before cutting
begins
2-when very thin material is to be blanked or pierced, to prevent uneven fracture and rounded blank
edges
3-When parts are to be pressed from waste strip left over from other operations, spring strippers provide
good visibility to the operator for gaging purposes.
4-When stripping occurs immediately, small punches are not as subject to breakage
5-When conducting secondary operations, such as in piercing dies, increased visibility provided by
spring strippers allows faster loading of work and increased production.
 material
• Stripper plates may be made of cold-rolled steel if they are not to be machined except for holes.
When machining must be applied to clear gages he plates should be made of machine steel which is not as subject to distortion
‫ ﺑﺮای آن ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬Cold-rolled ‫اﮔﺮ ﺑﺮ روی ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﯿﺨﻮاﻫﯿﻢ ﺳﻮراخ ﺑﺰﻧﯿﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ‬ back gage ‫ﭘﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﺮای‬
‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Machine steel ‫اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ اﮔﺮ ﻗﺮار اﺳﺖ آن را ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﮐﺎری ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از ﺟﻨﺲ‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﺷﯿﺎر اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ روی‬

‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ اﭘﺮاﺗﻮر ﻧﻮار را ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﯽ آن را ﺑﺮ روی‬
SOLID STRIPPERS .‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ﻗﺮار داده و وارد ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﮐﻨﺪ‬

• Figure 15.1 shows the most common method of applying a solid stripper. Plate A, machined to receive blanking
and piercing punches, is fastened in position on top of the back gage and front spacer with four button-head
socket screws. Two dowels accurately locate the stripper plate in relation to the die block and back gage. A
small, short dowel locates the other end of the back gage to the stripper plate. Notch B is machined in the
stripper edge to provide a shelf for starting new strips through the die.
 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪا ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ای اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﮑﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺪارﯾﻢ و ﯾﮏ ﮐﺎﻧﺎل ﺑﺮای ﻋﺒﻮر ﻧﻮار ﺗﻌﺒﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﯿﮕﻮﯾﻨﺪ‬Solid stripper ، ‫ ﻫﺎ‬stripper ‫در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ‬

• Alternate method. Figure 15.2 illustrates an alternate method of designing a solid stripper
which is to make it thicker and machine a slot in its underside slightly larger than the strip width.
In its travel through the die, the strip is located against the back edge of the slot. Once widely used, this method has
become obsolete except for very small dies.
Stripper Plate for Secondary Operations

• For secondary operation work, stripper plates are fastened on top of two guide rails set at either side (Figure 15.3). This
die pierces two holes in a rectangular blank. Gage pin A locates the blank endwise, while it is confined sidewise
between the guide rails. The stripper plate is relieved at the front to provide a shelf for easy insertion of the blank. The
die block is relieved at the front to provide finger room.
 ‫ﺳﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮای ورود ﭘﺎﻧﭻ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬

Machining Punch Openings

‫ از ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬Land ‫ اﯾﻨﭻ‬1/8 ‫ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه‬

• Three methods are used for machining punch ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻘﯿﻪ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻣﺨﺮوﻃﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬

openings in the stripper plate (Figure 15.4). At A,

a 1/8-inch (3.2-mm) straight land is applied from
the bottom of the plate. Above the land, angular
relief is provided to clear the punch radius when
the punch is lowered in die sharpening. At B, the ‫ را دارﯾﻢ وﻟﯽ‬Land ‫در اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬
.‫دﯾﮕﺮ اداﻣﻪ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ را ﻣﺨﺮوﻃﯽ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬
cutting diameter of the small punch is kept short
for rigidity. The stripper plate is counterdrilled for
clearance. At C, small punches may be guided in
hardened bushings pressed into holes machined
in the stripper.
‫ﯾﮏ ﺑﻮش درون ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﭘﺮس ﻓﯿﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
• Spring strippers, though more complex, should be used when the following
conditions are present: ‫ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﻨﺮی‬5

1-When perfectly flat, accurate blanks are required, spring strippers flatten the sheet
‫ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺗﺨﺖ و ﺻﺎف ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﺎ دور ورق را‬-1
before cutting begins ‫ﻣﯿﻔﺸﺎرﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ دﻗﺖ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬

2-when very thin material is to be blanked or pierced, to prevent uneven fracture and
rounded blank edges ‫ ورق ﻫﺎی ﻧﺎزک ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮش ﻣﯿﺨﻮرﻧﺪ و ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داﺷﺖ‬-2

3-When parts are to be pressed from waste strip left over from other operations,
spring strippers provide good visibility to the operator for gaging purposes.
4-When stripping occurs immediately, small punches are not as subject to breakage
5-When conducting secondary operations, such as in piercing dies, increased visibility
provided by spring strippers allows faster loading of work and increased production.
‫ از دور رﯾﺰ ورق ﻫﺎ ﻣﯿﺘﻮان ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﯽ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﯽ را ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﺮد ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ اﭘﺮاﺗﻮر ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﯽ اﻃﺮاف ورق را درون ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮐﻨﺪ‬-3
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﺎﻻ آﻣﺪن ﭘﺎﻧﭻ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺪاﯾﺶ ﻧﻮار از دور ﭘﺎﻧﭻ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رخ دﻫﺪ‬-4
‫ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺑﻮدن ورق در اﻃﺮاف ﭘﺎﻧﭻ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‬-5
 ELASTIC STRIPPERS
• Spring Strippers
Figure 15.5 shows a typical spring stripper Views A, B, and
C illustrate the operation of a spring stripper plate

‫ ﻃﺮﻓﯿﻦ ﻓﻨﺮ را درون ﺧﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ دﻫﯿﻢ ﭼﺮا‬، ‫اﮔﺮ ﻓﻨﺮ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﮐﻤﺎﻧﺶ آن ﮐﻤﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ دو ﺳﺮ ﮔﯿﺮدار‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﯿﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮﮔﯿﺮدار و ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮ آزاد‬
Spring Pilots

• Counterboring the stripper plate can be avoided if spring pilots are used to retain springs
(Figure 15.6). These can be made to suit conditions, or they can be purchased from commercial
sources that offer a standardized line of these components

‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﯿﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮ ﮔﯿﺮدار و ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮ ﻟﻮﻻ‬

 Machining the Punch Plate

• When a punch plate is used to retain piercing punches, holes are bored through the punch plate to hold stripper
springs (Figure 15.7). This construction avoids counterboring the punch holder of the die set.

Short Stripper Springs

When stripper springs are short, it is not necessary to counterbore the stripper plate (Figure 15.8).
 ‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ‬:‫ درون ﻓﻨﺮ‬stripper bolt ‫ﻗﺮار دادن‬
Springs Retained by Stripper Bolts ‫روش ﺑﺮای ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﯿﺸﻮد‬

• For medium-production dies, springs can be applied around stripper bolts, as shown in Figure 15.9

For severe applications, stripper bolts are better applied with their bearing shoulders confined ‫ﻗﺮار دادن واﺷﺮ ﺑﯿﻦ ﭘﯿﭻ و ﮐﻔﺸﮏ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ ﺷﺪه‬
for strength in short counterbored holes in the stripper plate (Figure 15.10) ‫ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮ ﭘﯿﭻ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻔﺸﮏ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ‬

When punches are sharpened, spacer washers are applied under stripper bolt heads to
maintain the correct relationship between the underside of the stripper plate and the
faces of blanking and piercing punches (Figure 15.11) .The stripper usually extends
1/32 inch (0.8 mm) past the faces of cutting punches to flatten the strip properly
before cutting occurs.
 Strippit Spring Units

• Strippit spring units (Figure 15.12) are self contained, commercially available assemblies that allow removal of the
stripper plate without dismantling springs

Another method of applying stripper plates to

Strippit units is to insert short socket cap screws
in the units (Figure 15.13). The cap screw heads engage holes in the stripper plate to prevent
lateral movement. Stripper
bolts limit travel.
 Rubber Springs

• For medium- and low-production dies, rubber springs may be used (Figure 15.14). These rubber components are available
from commercial
sources. Dowel pins, pressed into the stripper, ‫ ﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﻻﺳﺘﯿﮏ روی‬-‫ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﺮای ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮐﻢ‬- ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﺎی ﭘﻠﯽ ﯾﻮرﺗﺎن‬

retain the rubber springs in position. ‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺧﻮردﮔﯽ ﻓﻮﻻد ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬

Fluid Springs

Where extremely high stripping pressures are required, fluid springs

reduce the number of spring units required in the die, an important
factor where space is limited. Fluid springs are
filled with an emulsion of silicones in oil. The one filled with an ‫ﻓﻨﺮﻫﺎی ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ و ﻧﯿﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﮑﯽ‬
emulsion of silicones in oil. The one illustrated in Figure 15.15 is
available from commercial sources.
Another type of fluid spring (Figure 15.16) is made to be
interchangeable with some sizes of standard springs.
 delta_X1 = ‫ﭘﯿﺶ ﻓﺸﺮدﮔﯽ ﻓﻨﺮ‬
Inverted Die

• the blanking punch is fastened to the lower die holder of the die set instead of to the punch holder, as in
conventional die

STRIPPING FORCE
delta_X2 = ‫ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﺮش‬

‫ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﯿﺮو ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬blanking punch ‫ﻧﯿﺮوی ﻻزم ﺑﺮای ﺟﺪا ﮐﺮدن ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت ورق از دور‬

F= stripping force in pounds

‫ ﻧﯿﺮو ﻓﻨﺮ ﻫﺎ‬: F = n*k*(delta_X1 + X2 + X3)
P= sum of the perimeters of all perforator faces
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻃﻮل ﺧﻂ ﺑﺮش ﻫﺎ‬
T= thickness of material delta_X3 = ‫ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﻨﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ‬
After the total stripping force has been determined, the stripping force per spring must be found in order to establish the
number and sizes of springs required

Three types of spring deflection must be taken into consideration. View A in Figure 15.18 illustrates
initial preload of the springs.
‫ﻧﯿﺮو ﻣﺎﮐﺰﯾﻤﻢ ﻓﻨﺮﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻃﻮل ﻓﻨﺮ ﺑﻪ ازای ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮای اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻓﻨﺮ‬

‫رخ ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ را ﺑﺮای ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﺸﺎن در ﻧﻈﺮ‬

‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﯾﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮای ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﺮو ﻫﺮ ﻓﻨﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﯾﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻃﻮل ﻓﻨﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ را‬
‫ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﻢ‬
METHODS OF APPLYING KNOCKOUTS

Knockouts remove or strip completed blanks from within die members. They differ from stripper plates in that
stripper plates remove the material strip from around punches. There are three types of knockouts:
‫اﻧﻮاع ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰم ﭘﺮان‬:

Positive knockout

Operation of a Knockout
Taken together, Figure 15.19 and Figure 15.20 illustrate the operation of a positive knockout
This operation uses an inverted blanking die with the blanking punch fastened to the lower
die holder of the die set, and the die block fastened to
the upper punch holder.
Stripping the Blanks

• Near the top of the press stroke, the knockout rod contacts the stationary knockout bar of the
press. Continued ascent of the upper die causes the knockout to remove the blank from within the die cavity
(Figure 15.20)

Spring Damper ‫ﻧﻘﺶ اﯾﻦ ﻓﻨﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮان در ﺟﺎی ﺧﻮد ﻟﻖ ﻧﺰﻧﺪ و ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﮑﻨﺪ‬

In applying a positive knockout, many designers prefer to provide a relatively weak spring
around the knockout rod (Figure 15.21).

Guiding in the Knockout

‫در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﮑﻮس و ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﻣﯿﺘﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺑﻮش راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﺮای ﭘﺎﻧﭻ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻮراخ‬
‫ﮐﺎری درون ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﭘﺮان ﭘﺮس ﻓﯿﺖ ﮐﺮد‬

Slender piercing punches may be guided in

the knockout by providing hardened bushings pressed into the knockout plate (Figure 15.22)
Ejecting Cup and Shells

• Positive knockouts may be used to eject drawn shells (Figure 15.23). In this combination die, the upper punch blanks a disk from the strip and, in further
descent, draws it into a flanged shell. Lower knockout A is raised by pins actuat ed by the air cushion of the press, and it strips the shell from around draw
punch B.
Positive knockout C, actuated near the top of the stroke, removes the shell from within the die and it falls
to the rear of the press

Blanking punch / Die deep drawing

air pin
Trimming Operations

• Figure 15.24 shows the trimming die for a

previously drawn flanged cup. A positive knockout, relieved to
clear the shell body, removes the shell from within the die hole.
Whenever a knockout is used to remove formed or drawn
stampings, it should be relieved so that stripping force is applied
only near cutting edges to prevent distortion of the parts.

Forming in the Knockout

For some types of work, the knockout provides the final forming operation (Figure 15.25).
This combination die produces a flanged cover by blanking a disk and drawing a shallow
flanged shell
Spring Knockouts

‫ ﺑﺮای ﭘﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬stripper bolt ‫ﺑﺮای ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﺰرگ از ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰم ﻓﻨﺮ و‬
‫ﻋﯿﺐ اﯾﻦ روش اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ درون ﻧﻮار ﮐﻪ از آن ﺑﺮش ﺧﻮرده اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎز ﻣﯿﮕﺮدد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺘﻮان ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﻫﺎی ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ را در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺸﺮوﻧﺪه ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﺮد‬

• Spring knockouts are used in dies too large

for the positive types. Stripper bolts limit travel
(Figure 15.26). One disadvantage is that the
blank is returned into the strip and it must be
removed subsequently. In some progressive dies,
the blanking station is provided with a spring
knockout to return the blank into the strip for
further operations.
Bottom Knockout

• Bottom knockouts, operated by the press air

ushion as in Figures 15.23 and 15.25, have their
pins applied in seven ways. In Figure 15.27 at A,
pins transmit force from the face of the air cushion
o the underside of the knockout ring. This method
proves suitable for very long press runs. The pins
are loose and may become lost if the die is removed
often. At B, the pins are peened, then machined to
orm beveled heads to prevent dropping out when ‫ ﻫﺎ‬air pin ‫روش ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ‬
he die is removed from the press. At C, turned ‫ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ دﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژ‬A ‫ﻋﯿﺐ روش‬
heads retain the pins in the die set. The knockout ‫ﺷﻮد از ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﯿﺮون ﻣﯽ اﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬
ing has a flange to retain it in the die. At D, the
ends of the pins are turned down and pressed into
he knockout ring, whereas at E the pins are
urned down and threaded into the knockout ring.
Indirect Knockout

• The knockouts described so far have all been the direct-acting types. Indirect knockouts are used when piercing or other types of punches are in line with the
knockout rod. Figure 15.28 shows an indirect knockout with force transmitted through pins to clear a central piercing punch. The knockout plate moves in a
recess milled in the upper punch holder of the die set. Through the pins, it actuates the knockout block to push the blanks out of the die hole.
Pressure Pins and Stop Collars

• The number of pressure pins used and their

arrangement depends upon part contour and
size. In Figure 15.29 at A, knockouts for round
blanks have three actuating pins. At B, blanks with a roughly triangular
shape are also provided with three actuating pins. As shown at C,
blanks that are roughly rectangular or square
require the use of four pins.

Guide Pins
Slender piercing punches may be guided in
the knockout block of indirect knockouts
(Figure 15.30). Guide pins A, pressed into the
knockout block, transmit stripping force and also
guide the block. They are fitted in hardened
bushings B. The knockout plate travels in a recess
machined in the punch holder of the die set.
Auxiliary Punch Shank

• When the press has sufficient opening, an auxiliary punch shank may be fastened to the punch
holder of the die set (Figure 15.31). The knock
plate travels in a recess machined in the bottom of
this auxiliary shank.

Backing Blocks

In another method, the soft steel backing

block A can be machined to accommodate the knockout plate (Figure 15.32). This die
produces ring-shaped parts.
 Spider Knockout

• When holes are to be pierced in ring-shaped

parts, the knockout plate has a spider shape and
the punches are retained between the arms of
the spider (Figure 15.33). In the drawing, one
arm of the spider is drawn at one side and a
piercing punch at the other.

pider Knockout Plates

The number of arms contained in knockout

spiders such as the one used for the die in
Figure 15.34 depends on the number of piercing
punches required. When three punches are
applied, the spider has three arms to clear the
punches. This type is shown at A. For four punches, a four-armed spider, at B, would be used.
Piercing punches, applied at other than radial
locations, are cleared by holes in knockout frames,
such as the one shown at C.
Laser-Cutting Knockouts

• One method frequently used to save material is

to laser cut (or cut by some other cutting method)
the spider knockout entirely through the backing
plate. The spider is removed from the plate and
then machined thinner to allow up-and-down
movement (Figure 15.35)

Knockout Rods

These are the three commonly used methods

of securing the knockout rod to the knockout
plate (Figure 15.36)
Knockout Plungers

• Indirect knockouts for small dies (Figure 15.37) may be operated by a knockout plunger A, applied
within the punch shank. Cap B, fastened to the punch shank with socket cap screws, provides an
outboard bearing for the knockout plunger and also keeps it confined within the die.
Spring Knockouts

Small knockouts may be of the spring-operated variety (Figure 15.38). One disadvantage is that the part is returned into the strip and it must
be removed as an extra operation.
Spring-Actuated Knockouts

• Spring-actuated knockouts may be applied to

the lower die in a variety of ways (Figure 15.39).
 CENTER OF STRIPPING FORCE

• Before designing the knockout, the center of the stripping force must be found. If the knockout rod is not applied at the exact center of the stripping force, the
rod will be stressed and possibly bent in operation. The stripping pressure should be on a vertical line passing through the specific point that defines the
resultant force of the stripping forces. Three methods can be used to determine the center of the stripping force: mathematical, graphical, and experimental. The
first two methods are known from statics and they are
‫ درون ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﮔﯿﺮ ﻧﮑﻨﺪ‬، ‫ﭘﺮان ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم ﻗﻄﻌﻪ وارد ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﯿﺮون اﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن‬
not explained in this chapter.
However, an experimental method will be
described. Symmetrical blanks present no difficulty, but when

blank outlines are irregular, thismethod is the one to use (Figure 15.40):

:‫روش اول ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮدن ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم‬

‫ﺳﻮراخ ﻫﺎی ﻗﻄﻌﻪ را ﺑﺮ روی ﯾﮏ ﻣﻘﻮا اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮده و ﺳﻌﯽ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮار دادن ﯾﮏ ﭘﯿﻦ زﯾﺮ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮑﯽ را اﻧﺠﺎم داده و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬،‫آن‬
 :‫روش دوم ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮدن ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم‬
‫ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻮراخ رﯾﺰ در ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ی ﻣﻘﻮاﯾﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮد و از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮراخ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ را‬.‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ را ﺑﺮ روی ﯾﮏ ﻣﻘﻮا اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ‬
‫ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم‬،‫ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﯽ دو ﺧﻂ‬.‫ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر را ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮراخ دﯾﮕﺮ اﻧﺠﺎ ﻣﯿﺪﻫﯿﻢ‬.‫ ﯾﮏ ﺧﻂ در اﻣﺘﺪاد ﻧﺦ رﺳﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬.‫آوﯾﺰان ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ‬
.‫ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان دﻗﺖ در ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آوردن ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮم اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر را ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮراه ﺳﻮم ﺗﮑﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬.‫را ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬

• For very large blanks (Figure 15.41), which

would be difficult to balance, pierce three small
holes A close to the edge of the blank. Suspend
the blank from a vertical surface, using a pin or
thumbtack. With a triangle, draw a vertical line
directly under the hole from which the blank is
suspended. Turn the blank around and, suspending it
from one of the other holes, draw another
vertical line crossing the suspension hole. The
intersection of the two lines is the center of the
stripping force. Suspend the blank from the third
hole to provide a check for accuracy