EXPERIMENT NUMBER 1

4 BIT BINARY ADDERS AND SUBTRACTORS

Name: Tavarro, Dale Jeremy G. Date: March 4, 2022
Time: TH/6:00PM-7:00PM Room:
Section: PCEIT-29-601E Instructor: Engr. Ronald Licsi

I. OBJECTIVES:
1. To investigate the logical properties of a 4 bits-adder and subtractor.
2. To identify the Most Significant Bit (MSB) and the Least Significant Bit (LSB).
3. To construct 4 bits-adder and subtractor.
II. EQUIPMENT AND PARTS REQUIRED:
1 – 74LS83 – 4 bits binary adder
5 – LED’s
1 – 74LS86 IC (Exclusive OR)
Connecting wires
Breadboard

III. PROCEDURES:
FOR 4 bits Binary Adder

Addition is one of the basic Arithmetic Operations that performs calculations by adding
numbers. It is composed of an Augend and an Addend and the result is so called a sum;
Addition also has a carry in and a carry out result. First, identify the MSB and the LSB before
doing such operation.

1. Connect a 4 bits binary-adder circuit shown in Figure 1-1, construct a truth table for this
circuit by applying inputs A1, A2, A3, A4 as Augend and B1, B2, B3, B4 as Addend and
record the resulting sum and carry outputs result.

2. Follow Addition of Binary Rules below to complete the tables below:

1
0 0 1 1
+ 0 + 1 + 0 + 1
0 1 0 10

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 1

 3. Using the materials mentioned above, construct the circuit given the Figure below
and use extra paper for computation.

4. Do the following simulation; set Mode to 0 to perform Addition Operation

4.1) A1=0, A2=1, A3=0, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=0, B4=1, M = 0;

SUM = S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=0, CARRY OUT = 1

4.2) A1=1, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=1, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 0;
SUM = S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1, CARRY OUT = 1

4.3) A1=1, A2=1, A3=0, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 0;
SUM = S1=1, S2=0, S3=0, S4=1, CARRY OUT = 1

4.4) A1=0, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 0;
SUM = S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=1, CARRY OUT = 1

4.5) A1=1, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=0, B3=0, B4=0, M = 0;
SUM = S1=1, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1, CARRY OUT = 0

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 2

Table 1-1 Truth Table

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 SUM CARRY
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S1=0, S2=0, S3=0, S4=0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=0, S4=0 1
0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 S1=1, S2=1, S3=0, S4=0 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=0, S4=1 1
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=0 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=0 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=1, S4=1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=0 0
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=0, S4=1 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=1 0
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=1 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=0 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1 0
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 S1=1, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1 0

Table 1-2 Truth Table

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 SUM CARRY
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 S1=0, S2=0, S3=0, S4=0 1
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=0, S4=0 1
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=0, S4=0 1
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=0, S4=1 1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=1, S4=1 0
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=1, S4=0 1
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=1, S4=0 1
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 S1=1, S2=0, S3=1, S4=1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=1 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=0 1
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=0, S4=1 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S1=0, S2=1, S3=1, S4=1 1

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 3

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 4
FOR 4 bits Binary Subtractor

Subtraction is one of the basic Arithmetic Operations that performs calculations by means
of complementing numbers. It is composed of a Subtrahend and a Minuend and the result is
so called a Difference.

5. Connect a 4 bits binary-subtractor circuit shown in Figure 1-2, construct a truth table for
this circuit by applying inputs A1, A2, A3, A4 as Subtrahend and B1, B2, B3, B4 as
Minuend and record the resulting Difference and barrow outputs result. Identify the
MSB and LSB before doing such operation.

6. Follow Subtraction of Binary Rules below to complete the tables below:

0 1 0 1 1
- 0 - 1 - 0 - 1
0 1 1 0

7. Using the materials mentioned above, construct the circuit given the Figure below
and use extra paper for computation.

8. Do the following simulation; Mode to 1 to perform Subtraction Operation

8.1) A1=0, A2=1, A3=0, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=0, B4=1, M = 1;

DIF = D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0, B = 1

8.2) A1=1, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=1, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 1;
DIF = D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0, B = 1

8.3) A1=1, A2=1, A3=0, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 1;
DIF = D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1, B = 0

8.4) A1=0, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=1, B3=1, B4=1, M = 1;
DIF = D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0, B = 1

8.5) A1=1, A2=1, A3=1, A4=1 and B1=0, B2=0, B3=0, B4=0, M = 1;
DIF = D1=1, D2=1, D3=1, D4=1, B = 1

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 5

Table 1-3 Truth Table

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 DIF BORROW
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1

Table 1-4 Truth Table

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 DIF BORROW
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 D1=1, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D1=0, D2=0, D3=0, D4=0 1

6
MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL
 I. DIAGRAM

Figure 1-1 The Mode is set to 0 therefore the operation is addition.

Reference Circuit 1

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 7

 Figure 1-2 The Mode is set to 1 therefore the operation is subtraction.

Reference Circuit 2

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 8

 SELF EVALUATION

1. What is the difference between cascading a 4 full-adder circuit and using a

74LS83 IC?

 The difference of cascading a 4 full-adder circuit to using a 74LS83 IC is

their complexity in construction. A 4 full-adder circuit uses half-adders
and full-adders to perform logical outputs that is why it more
complex. While using a 74LS83 IC, it is more convenient to use since it
is an IC that has already implemented 4-bit full adder logic in it. We
just have to feed an input and power supply, and it eases the task to
implement a 4-bit full adder circuit.

2. Design a 4-bits binary adder with a Seven Segment Display output.

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 9

 3. Design a 4-bits binary subtractor with a Seven Segment Display output.

4. What is a ripple carry?

 The situation where a logic circuit uses multiple full adders to add n-bit numbers,
with each full adder taking the output of the previous one as an input.

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 10

 V. OBSERVATION

As I am doing this experiment of 4-bit binary adders and subtractors, in which the circuit
is composed of multiple logic XOR gates, LED bulbs for the output and also the 74LS83 IC
which has already implemented 4-bit full adder logic in it. When the circuit is implemented
to perform addition of binary, the mode will be 0. On the other hand, the mode needs to
be set to 1 in order to perform subtraction of binary. And to know what is the sum and
difference of binary inputs, we can read the outputs by the means of LED bulbs, when it
lights up then it is logic 1, and when it doesn’t light up it is logic 0.

Meanwhile, in designing 4-bits binary adders and subtractor with a seven-segment

display it has the same elements in input side of 74LS83 IC, while in its output side it is
connected to another IC to transform BCD to the seven-segment display. Also, the carry
that produced in 74LS83 IC is then connected to another IC which also connected to
another seven-segment display in order to know the sum or differences between two 4-bit
binary.

VI. CONCLUSION

I conclude that in performing addition and subtraction of binary, the 74LS83 IC eases the task
to implement a 4-bit full adder circuit which accepts two 4-bit binary and a carry input, if 0 or
1. It generates the binary sum or difference output and the carry output from the most
significant bit. We can read its output by the LED lights. Moreover, in the case where it is
needed to design a 4-bits binary adder/subtractor with a Seven Segment Display output, the
output that produced in the 74LS83 IC is then converted from binary to decimal by the use of
another IC which then feeds to the seven-segment display.

MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY MANUAL 11