Art Appreciation

Prepared by:
Nelia Alterado
 Art Movements

An art movement is a tendency or a style of art with

a particularly specified objective and philosophy that
is adopted and followed by a group of artists during
a specific period that may span from a few months to
years or maybe even decades.
 Naturalism

❖ Naturalism was one of the first movements in modern art

to give expression to nationalist and regionalist
sentiments.
❖ Naturalism was a literary movement taking place from
1865 to 1900 that used detailed realism to suggest that
social conditions, heredity, and environment had
inescapable force in shaping human character.
1821
The Hay Wain
Artist: John Constable

This quintessential early work of

Naturalist landscape painting depicts a
hay-wain - a type of horse-drawn cart -
being led across a shallow river by an
agricultural worker perched on its
back.
 Humanism
❖ Art during the Early and High Renaissance periods influenced
and informed by the prevalent humanistic ideals of the time.
❖ Renaissance Humanism created new subject matter and new
approaches for all the arts.
❖ Many of the concepts of Renaissance Humanism, from its
emphasis on the individual to its concept of the genius, or
Renaissance man, to the importance of education, the viability
of the classics, and its spirit of exploration became foundational
to Western culture.
1485
The Vitruvian Man
Artist: Leonardo da Vinci

Other Renaissance artists drew

the human figure according to
Vitruvian proportions, but
Leonardo innovatively drew upon
his own study of human anatomy
 Fresco Painting
❖ Fresco is a mural painting technique that involves painting
with water-based paint directly onto wet plaster so that the
paint becomes an integral part of the plaster.
❖ It is known for its durability and resiliency towards all
natural elements. A fresco painting is created by using dry
mineral pigments which is mixed with water as its medium,
and applied onto wet lime-plaster but form a surface film,
like any other paint.
1508-1512
Sistine Chapel
Artist: Michaelangelo

The chapel is famous for its

extensive collection of Renaissance
art that has been painted by some of
the world's most famous artists
 Tempera painting
❖ The tempera method is probably most associated with
medieval painting in Europe between 1200 and 1500
❖ The egg tempera painting technique was the main
method of applying paint to panel throughout the early
Renaissance.
1434
Portrait of Ginevra d'Este
Artist: Antonio Pisanello

Tempera painting techniques

seem to have originated in
Antiquity
 Impressionism
❖ A 19th-century avant-garde art movement that originated in
France as a reaction against the established art of the French
Academy and the government-sponsored annual exhibitions
(Salons).
❖ Its aim was to accurately portray visual impressions by
painting scenes and subjects on the spot, using visible
brushstrokes to record the changing qualities of light and
movement.
1872
Impression, Sunrise
Artist: Claude Monet

Monet's Impressionism, Sunrise is

sometimes cited as the work that gave birth
to the Impressionist movement, though by
the time it was painted, Monet was in fact
one of a number of artists already working
in the new style.
 Post-Impressionism
❖ Post-Impressionism encompasses a wide range of
distinct artistic styles that all share the common
motivation of responding to the opticality of the
Impressionist movement.
❖ Despite the various individualized styles, most
Post-Impressionists focused on abstract form and
pattern in the application of paint to the surface of the
canvas.
1884-86
Sunday Afternoon on the Island of
La Grande Jatte

The picture contains the

impressionistic elements of light and
shadow and depicts the leisure
activities of the Parisian bourgeoisie, it
is an early example of the artistic
reaction to the Impressionist
movement.
 Cubism
❖ Cubism developed in the aftermath of Pablo Picasso's
shocking 1907 Les Demoiselles d'Avignon in a period of
rapid experimentation between Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque.
❖ Analytic Cubism - First Phase
❖ Synthetic Cubism - Second Phase
❖ Cubism paved the way for non-representational art by
putting new emphasis on the unity between a depicted
scene and the surface of the canvas.
1908
Houses at L'Estaque
Artist: Georges Braque

No horizon line and no use of traditional

shading to add depth to objects, so that the
houses and the landscape all seem to overlap
and to occupy the foreground of the picture
plane.
 Fauvism
❖ The first 20th-century movement in modern art, was initially
inspired by the examples of Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin,
Georges Seurat, and Paul Cézanne.
❖ Fauvism's major contributions to modern art was its radical goal
of separating color from its descriptive, representational
purpose and allowing it to exist on the canvas as an
independent element
❖ Fauvism's central artistic concerns was the overall balance of
the composition
❖ Fauvism valued individual expression
1906
The River Seine at Chatou
Artist: Maurice de Vlaminck

This scene depicts the portion of the

Seine that runs through Chatou, the
Paris suburb where de Vlaminck and
Derain shared a studio beginning in
1901.
 Expressionism
❖ Expressionism emerged simultaneously in various cities across
Germany as a response to a widespread anxiety about
humanity's increasingly discordant relationship with the world
and accompanying lost feelings of authenticity and spirituality.
❖ Expressionist artists often employed swirling, swaying, and
exaggeratedly executed brushstrokes in the depiction of their
subjects. These techniques were meant to convey the turgid
emotional state of the artist reacting to the anxieties of the
modern world.
1893
The Scream
Artist: Edvard Munch

Throughout his artistic career, Munch

focused on scenes of death, agony, and
anxiety in distorted and emotionally
charged portraits, all themes and styles
that would be adopted by the
Expressionists.
 Dadaism
❖ An artistic and literary movement in art formed during the
First World War as a negative response to the traditional
social values and conventional artistic practices of the
different types of art at the time.
❖ Dada artists represented a protest movement with an
anti-establishment manifesto, sought to expose accepted
and often repressive conventions of order and logic by
shocking people into self-awareness.
1916
Reciting the Sound Poem "Karawane"
Artist: Hugo Ball

Ball designed this costume for his

performance of the sound-poem,
"Karawane," in which nonsensical
syllables uttered in patterns created
rhythm and emotion, but nothing
resembling any known language.
 Surrealism
❖ The Surrealists sought to channel the unconscious as a
means to unlock the power of the imagination. Surrealists
believed the rational mind repressed the power of the
imagination, weighing it down with taboos.
❖ André Breton defined Surrealism as "psychic automatism
in its pure state, by which one proposes to express -
verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other
manner - the actual functioning of thought.
The Human Condition (1933)
Artist: René Magritte

The iconic and enigmatic René

Magritte's works tend to be
intellectual, often dealing with visual
puns and the relation between the
representation of something and the
thing itself.
 Pop Art
❖ Pop Art's refreshing reintroduction of identifiable imagery, drawn
from media and popular culture, was a major shift for the
direction of modernism.
❖ By creating paintings or sculptures of mass culture objects and
media stars, the Pop Art movement aimed to blur the
boundaries between "high" art and "low" culture.
❖ The Pop Art choice of imagery as an enthusiastic endorsement
of the capitalist market and the goods it circulated, while others
have noted an element of cultural critique in the Pop artists'
elevation of the everyday to high art.
1963
Drowning Girl
Artist: Roy Lichtenstein

In the early 1960s, Lichtenstein gained

renown as a leading Pop artist for
paintings sourced from the popular
comics. His works was one of the the
beginning of the Pop Art movement,
and, essentially, the end of Abstract
Expressionism as the dominant style.