Current

Alternating
AC voltage applied to
Resistor ,
Inductor . Capacitor
in LCR circuit
AC voltage
power

Lc oscillations

Transformer

2- 2 Q Is
 Alternating Currents
sinwt
If Eo
•
I = Io - -

I
E = Eosin wt ,

T
T = time period 72

Applications
(t
lmean
21oz o to
z)
-

- = -

↳
-

T
Tiz
¥ )
Irons =
(t o to T
-
-

20
)
I (t
- -

¥
lmean -
-
-
- o to T

T
Z lrms
1oz ( t Otoe
)
-
= -

Hms
tf ( 72)
= t -
-
o to

3
Imeem -
.
o (t -
-
O to T )

Tf
Irons Io (t Otoe )
-

7
-
- -
Reactance I Impedance
Resistive circuit
I

>
I = Io sinwt
To = Ee
-
r

E -

-
Eosinwt
Eo

Y 730

Eo and Io in
are same
phase

Inductive circuit

I Tosin ( wt E)
- -
-

{ mm

Io =
EL
XL

E -

-
Eosinwt
×c=wL= 2ND L

Eo

wt
current lags of -
-
I
2
behind emf
O

by E Io
 Circuit
Capacitive
z -
-
so sin (wt ti )

Zo =
to
Xc

E -

-
Eosinwt Xc = L
WC

E-o
Zo
current leads
wt
emf by E

L C -

Oscillations
•
Total
energy
=
ILM t
9£
to =9o_
Tu

1- D= 1-
w =

TLC
frequency of
2n-
JTC L C -

Oscillations

stored
Energy
oscillates with
frequency 28
RESONANCE .

"L -
-

Vc in a series LCR -
circuit

2 =
J#¥)2
Alle
C R
IMPEDANCE L

Power
factors of E- Eosinwt
=

Rz
In Resonance -

•
XL =
Xc
Power
factor
• = O

• Power consumed maximum

Quality factor a =

f- JE
TRANSFORMER

Emf induced
induced
across
secondary Eez
Emf across
primary
turns
of secondary
No Nz
of
. =

turns
No
of of primary No
.
=

¥ -
-

ma

¥ E
-
-

Efficiency (m )

M
-

-
output Electrical power
Inner Electrical power
Previous Yrs Impe
.