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Assignment 10

1. The document contains 8 problems involving probability density functions and cumulative distribution functions. The problems cover finding probabilities, determining density function parameters, evaluating expected values, and other concepts related to continuous random variables.

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ahmed tarek
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
77 views

Assignment 10

1. The document contains 8 problems involving probability density functions and cumulative distribution functions. The problems cover finding probabilities, determining density function parameters, evaluating expected values, and other concepts related to continuous random variables.

Uploaded by

ahmed tarek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 10:

1. The shelf life, in days, for bottles of a certain prescribed medicine is a random variable having
the density function
 20,000
 , x > 0,
f(x) =  ( x + 100)3
 0,
 elsewhere.
Find the probability that a bottle of this medicine will have a shell life of
(a) at least 200 days;
(b) anywhere from 80 to 120 days.

2. A continuous random variable X that can assume values between x = 2 and x = 5 has a density
function given by f(x) = 2(1 + x)/27. Find
(a) P(X <4);
(b) P(3 ≤ X <4).
(c) find F(x), and use it to evaluate P(3 ≤ X <4).

3. Consider the density function


 k x , 0<x < 1,
f(x) = 
 0, elsewhere.
(a) Evaluate k.
(b) Find F(x) and use it to evaluate P(0.3 < X < 0.6).

4. Measurements of scientific systems are always subject to variation, some more than others.
There are many structures for measurement error, and statisticians spend a great deal of time
modeling these errors. Suppose the measurement error X of a certain physical quantity is
decided by the density function
 k (3 − x 2 ), -1 ≤ x ≤ 1,
f(x) = 
 0, elsewhere.
(a) Determine k that renders f(x) a valid density function.
(b) Find the probability that a random error in measurement is less than 1/2.
(c) For this particular measurement, it is undesirable if the magnitude of the error (i.e., |x|)
exceeds 0.8. What is the probability that this occurs?

5. Suppose a certain type of small data processing firm is so specialized that some have difficulty
making a profit in their first year of operation. The probability density function that
characterizes the proportion Y that make a profit is given by

PHM111s - Probability and Statistics


 ky 4 (1 − y )3 , 0 ≤ y ≤ 1,
f(y) = 
 0, elsewhere.
(a) What is the value of k that renders the above a valid density function?
(b) Find the probability that at most 50% of the firms make a profit in the first year.
(c) Find the probability that at least 80% of the firms make a profit in the first year.

6. On a laboratory assignment, if the equipment is working, the density function of the observed
outcome, X, is
 2(1 − x), 0 < x < 1,
f(x) = 
 0, elsewhere.
(a) Calculate P(X ≤ 1/3).
(b) What is the probability that X will exceed 0.5?
(c) Given that X ≥ 0.5, what is the probability that X will be less than 0.75?

7. The time until a chemical reaction is complete (in milliseconds) is approximated by the
cumulative distribution function
 0, x < 0,
F(x) = 
1 − e 0 ≤ x.
−0.01 x
,
Determine the probability density function of X. What proportion of reactions is complete
within 200 milliseconds?

8. A continuous random variable X has the density function


 e− x , x > 0,
f ( x) = 
 0, elsewhere.
Find the expected value of g ( X ) = e 2 X /3 .

PHM111s - Probability and Statistics

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